Green Hydrogen – Indian Context

Akhil Mehrotra
MD & CEO
Pipeline Infrastructure Limited

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Pipeline Infrastructure Limited (PIL)
Owned by India Infrastructure Trust, a trust sponsored by Brookfield Asset Management | India’s longest privately owned cross-country gas pipeline

 PIL owns & operates a 48-inch Diameter, 1375 km long Kakinada ROUTE MAP
to Bharuch Pipeline (PIL Pipeline) – 1480 Km incl. spur lines
 Strategically placed: Connects major domestic gas sources on the
eastern coast to the key demand centers in the west

 Vital link in India’s National Gas Grid

 Major gas pipeline networks connected to PIL Pipeline

 World class operations centres with two layered safety features -

SCADA & communication networks

 Web based digital platform for business operations - sharing of real

time data with customers

1st 2nd 1375 Km 48 inch 2008-09 69

PURE GAS LONGEST PIPELINE CROSS COUNTRY, DIAMETER VINTAGE FACILITIES
TRANSMISSION BI- DIRECTIONAL
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COMPANY
Brookfield - A leading Global Alternative Asset Manager

SIGNIFICANT GLOBAL OPERATING EXPERIENCE BROOKFIELD IN INDIA

• ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT ~ $750B+ • ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT ~ $22 B+

• OPERATING EMPLOYEES ~ 180,000 • OPERATING EMPLOYEES ~ 20,000+

• INVESTMENT PROFESSIONALS ~ 1,000 • INVESTMENT PROFESSIONALS ~ 50+

• 1,375 km gas pipeline

$10.8 B • 175,000 Telecom Towers
INFRASTRUCTURE • 516 km road assets
• 102 MW of Data Center

• India’s only institutionally managed REIT;

$1.3B+ M-cap
$8 B • 47 MSF in office properties
Infrastructure Real Estate Private Equity REAL ESTATE • 1,200+ owned luxury keys 2,200+ managed /
$137B $260B $121B licensed keys

$1 B • Solar: 247 MW capacity

RENEWABLES • Wind: 312 MW capacity

• Financial services – NBFC

$2.2 B • Technology services platform
PRIVATE EQUITY • 25 real estate projects financed with
Renewable Power & Transition Credit & Insurance Solutions saleable area of 23 MSF
$68B $176B 3
 Climate Change – The need for Decarbonization
Commitments to combat Climate change India’s commitment at COP26

 Climate clock is ticking  To increase its non-fossil energy capacity to

500 gigawatt by 2030
 Collaborative actions at global levels are essential to
intensify efforts in combating this threat  To meet 50% of energy requirements till 2030
with renewable energy
 India has been an early advocate of the global fight
against climate change  To reduce projected carbon emission by one
billion tonnes by 2030
 India announced its National Action Plan on Climate
Change (NAPCC) in 2008  To reduce the carbon intensity of its economy
by 45% by 2030
 India ratified Paris Agreement 2016 and announced its
NDC under Paris Agreement - to reduce carbon  To achieve net-zero emissions of greenhouse
intensity by 30% by 2030, from 2005 levels gases (GHGs) by 2070

Initiatives for a Clean & Sustainable Future

Moving towards
Alternative
Shifting to Clean coal Improvement in Cleaner auto fuels cleaner fuels (Natural
fuels/Technologies to
technologies energy efficiency like BS VI/EURO VI Gas, Renewables,
achieve SDGs
Hydrogen)
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Why Hydrogen ?
“It’s the small molecule that could play a big role in lowering So why Hydrogen isn’t being used much
emissions. Hydrogen is being hailed a crucial fuel in the push till now?
to decarbonize the planet”

Why not just use renewables? It currently costs more to produce at scale
than other fuels - costlier to produce
emissions-free hydrogen molecule

Not being perceived as a large-scale fuel till

How could Hydrogen help the
world to decarbonize?
When hydrogen (H) reacts with oxygen (O),
lots of energy is released – and the only
other product is water (H2O)
Combination of high energy and zero
emissions opens the door to decarbonizing
energy-intensive industries as well as
heavy transportation
Renewables will have to play a key role in
decarbonizing the power sector
World will need more sources of low
carbon energy, even though wind and solar
are growing fast
IRENA World Energy Transitions Outlook
projects hydrogen to contribute to 12% of
global energy demand by 2050
recently
Storage and infrastructure challenges - can
be compressed or liquefied, which helps,
but cost of production and transportation is
an issue
Some of the technologies needed to
use hydrogen are expensive today - fuel cells
Safety concerns - Small molecule hence
careful leak monitoring needed; Ignites
easily & has large flammable range

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Types of Hydrogen
Produced using fossil fuels - natural
gas and coal - without capturing the
released carbon
Currently makes up the near totality of
the hydrogen produced in India
Method used for production - Steam
Methane Reforming (SMR) - high-
temperature steam (700–1000°C) is
used
Produced using fossil fuels - natural gas
and coal - the emitted carbon is captured
and stored
More environmentally friendly - high cost
and added technical challenges
Can capture 90% of the CO2 produced
Produced using renewable or clean
power
Cleanest form of hydrogen - no GHG
emissions associated with the hydrogen
generation
Method used for production - by
splitting water through an electrolysis
process
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Key focus areas to develop Hydrogen ecosystem
Integrating hydrogen as a new vector into energy mix is a complex endeavor - Government intervention is critical

Targets/Long-term Policy signals • To boost stakeholder confidence in development of a marketplace for hydrogen

• Creating demand for hydrogen critical for its widespread adoption

Support Demand Creation
• Policy support to “pull” investment is needed to make projects bankable

Financing & Mitigating Investment • Many projects currently under way face investment risks due to uncertainty in the sector and
Risks affordability of the fuel and thus, face issues in Financing

Promote R&D, innovation and • Government/Policy makers need to play a key role in setting the research agenda, incentive for
knowledge-sharing innovation and spreading awareness

Harmonize standards and legal • Hydrogen will facilitate sector coupling between electricity and gas utilities, creating a new role
framework requiring specific regulations
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 Natural Gas Pipeline Network in India

37 Common Carrier Pipelines

20 Operational
08 Partially commissioned
09 Under construction

Mundra Authorized: 31,978 Km; 933 mmscmd

Operational: 21,129 Km; 333 mmscmd
Chhara Digha
Jafrabad Dhamra Under construction: 12,002 Km
Gopalpur

(As on 31st Dec 2022)

Jaigarh
Mallavaram

+ Natural Gas Pipelines in India are highly under-utilized

Existing LNG terminal + Can play a critical role in hydrogen transportation by blending H₂ in pipeline networks
Upcoming LNG terminal
Proposed LNG terminal
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Developments – Hydrogen @ PIL
PIL has been a flag bearer for evaluation of Hydrogen Blending in Natural Gas transmission pipelines – contributing towards the
mission of development of Hydrogen Economy in India and thereby parallelly increasing utilisation of existing Natural Gas network
UK India Knowledge Exchange
Collaboration with NG players in India
and UK including - National Grid;
Northern Gas Networks (NGN) ; Office
of gas and electricity markets (Ofgem)
HyDeploy and H21 home
hydrogen homes with 20% blending of
Hydrogen in Natural gas for household
consumption and futuristic 100%
Hydrogen homes
Future Grid facility
Future Grid facility for testing
hydrogen readiness at various
%ages of transmission network
Industry Collaboration
Working with Industry players and
government bodies like MNRE, FIPI
, GAIL etc. to ensure Hydrogen
readiness
DETAILED TECHNICAL STUDY WITH DNV
PIL has evaluated the technical readiness of its pipeline for
hydrogen blending
Objective: To identify and understand the % Hydrogen blend and
corresponding changes to the infrastructure required at different
blending levels, through technical study
Approach: Pipelines and equipment were assessed for suitability of
transporting hydrogen at 5%, 10%, 15%, 50% and 100% blend
Key outcomes:
• Pipelines can be repurposed for 10-15% Hydrogen blending with
minor modifications
• For >15% Hydrogen blending, modifications or upgradation is
required for most equipment
• For enabling the change at a national level, a joint effort for all NG
pipelines in India would be required along with policy/regulatory
framework
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Forward Path
Hydrogen is gathering momentum as a key energy transition pillar

Future success of hydrogen will hinge on innovation to make it affordable

Hydrogen Valleys to be developed as hubs for green hydrogen production & consumption

RIL, GAIL, NTPC, IOCL and L&T have launched plans to foray in the green hydrogen space

Repurpose Natural Gas pipelines for hydrogen transportation – save costs by 20-71% (0.08-0.47 $/kg)

Connect the dots - Develop integrated and comprehensive roadmap covering entire value chain

Green Hydrogen likely to play an active role in India’s Net Zero ambitions – 80% of the demand by 2050 to be ‘Green’

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 THANK YOU

Pipeline Infrastructure Ltd pipelineinfra.com

Seawoods Grand Central,
Tower - 1, 3rd Level, C Wing - 301 to 304,
Sector 40, Seawoods Railway Station,
Nerul Node, Navi Mumbai – 400706
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