Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ELT224
Lunyu (considered by scholars to be the
most reliable source of the doctrine of
Confucius)
Completed during the Han Dynasty
(206-220 AD)
had three versions: Lu (20 chapters); Qi
(22); and old text (21)
Emperor Cheng of Han, Zhang Yu
- formalized Lu and added some
sections from Qi
Qi was lost for 1800 years and was re-
found in 2011 in a tomb
No complete version because of fire
and earthquake
Mencius - second generation disciple.
Before “Analects” there were only 5
classics
FIVE CLASSICS
➢Classic of Poetry
➢Book of Documents
➢Book of Rites
➢I Ching (Book of Changes)
➢Spring and Autumn Annals
(historical record of State of Lu)
Confucius
Born in 551 and died in 479 BCE
Pinyin (Chinese phonetic alphabet) name for
Kung Fu Tzu
the most important philosopher in early
Chinese history
NEVER wrote his ideas; it was his disciples
who wrote them
State of Lu was his home state
Shuliang He (father), officer in the Lu
military
Yan Zhengai (mother)
at 19 yrs old, married Qui Quan
children were Kong Li and Kong Rao
End…