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    Salwa Sikander
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    Vectors are quantities that have both magnitude and direction, and can be positive or negative. They represent physical quantities like velocity, acceleration, and displacement, while scalars only have magnitude and are always positive, like distance, speed, and mass. Vectors can be added and resolved into perpendicular components, with the x-component equaling the magnitude multiplied by the cosine of the angle and the y-component equaling the sine. The magnitude of a vector is calculated using Pythagorean theorem, and its angle is found with tangent inverse. Systems in equilibrium have their vector components summing to zero in both the x and y directions.

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    Vectors are quantities that have both magnitude and direction, and can be positive or negative. They represent physical quantities like velocity, acceleration, and displacement, while scalars only have magnitude and are always positive, like distance, speed, and mass. Vectors can be added and resolved into perpendicular components, with the x-component equaling the magnitude multiplied by the cosine of the angle and the y-component equaling the sine. The magnitude of a vector is calculated using Pythagorean theorem, and its angle is found with tangent inverse. Systems in equilibrium have their vector components summing to zero in both the x and y directions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    6 views1 page

    Unit 5

    Uploaded by

    Salwa Sikander
    Vectors are quantities that have both magnitude and direction, and can be positive or negative. They represent physical quantities like velocity, acceleration, and displacement, while scalars only have magnitude and are always positive, like distance, speed, and mass. Vectors can be added and resolved into perpendicular components, with the x-component equaling the magnitude multiplied by the cosine of the angle and the y-component equaling the sine. The magnitude of a vector is calculated using Pythagorean theorem, and its angle is found with tangent inverse. Systems in equilibrium have their vector components summing to zero in both the x and y directions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Unit 5

    Introduction to Vectors
    • The Definition of mathematical Vector
    Vectors are quantities described by both magnitude and
    direction
    Vector represent:

    • Scalar and Vector quantities


    Scalar only magnitude and it’s always positive
    Examples distance, speed, mass temperature etc.
    Vectors magnitude and direction and it can be positive or
    negative.
    Examples: velocity, acceleration, displacement, weight etc.

    • Additional of vectors and vector quantities

    • Resolution of a vector into two components at right angles


    X components 𝑭𝒙 = 𝑭 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽
    Y components 𝑭𝒚 = 𝑭 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝜽
    𝒙
    Magnitude of a vector (𝒚) = √𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐
    𝒚
    To find the angle: 𝜽 = 𝐭𝐚𝐧−𝟏 ( )
    𝒙

    • Equilibrium
    ∑ 𝒇𝒙 = 𝟎 ∑ 𝒇𝒚 = 𝟎

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