OneNote 05/12/2022, 15:35

7th
Monday, 5 December 2022 13:10

30th Jan last class

Exam choose 6.02 - 19.02

Human security:

Do we have 1 system to human protection? We have 3 systems

1. Global systems:
○ LN
○ UN

2. Regional systems:
○ UN
○ Council of Europe
○ OSCE
○ Latin America - OAS
○ In east Asia there is no such thing, and ASIAN does not intervene in domestic issues

3. State system:

Layers of security:

○ Individual: state in charge (because of the sovereign right there is no connection between this
level and the international level)
○ State:
○ International

• Human security is about the effectives of state to protect individuals (concept after the cold
war)

• After the cold war there was a victory for liberalism & democracy
• Human security is about the relation of people with the gov, and the gov with the
international system

• Globalisation
○ Political level - not fully accepted
○ Economic level - almost fully accepted
○ Technological - fully accepted?

Human security is very vague and touches upon:

○ Economic security.
○ Food security.
○ Health security.
○ Environmental security.
○ Personal security.
○ Community security.
○ Political security.

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"Responsibility to protect" concept became more popular especially after cold war:

○ Undertaken by the international community to protect any people from governments

○ Intervention of states in domestic issues in the name of human security
• Ukraine 2014 Russia intervention
• 2003 Iraq
• 2008 Georgia Russia
• 2011 UK & France and all NATO intervened in Libya

Human security depends on what?

○ Gov profile - quality of the gov economic system & management

○ Geography & recourses (geophysical resources) (natural disasters)
○ International developments and situation and process - war in different countries or pandemic
(domino affect)
1. Directed & intentional policies: like Russia attacking Ukraine
2. Undirected: war in Ukraine effect on Brazil (butterfly theory) examples:
• Brazil benefits from selling agriculture, military industry, plane industry because of
the war in Ukraine
• OPEC countries not reducing oil production: the prices stay the same for the buying
countries
○ Wealth
○ Management
○ Socio-political
○ Socio-economic

What is being protected: what are human rights

• Generation of human rights:

• Related to effectiveness of gov (welfare state)

• But the state has to be wealthy & well managed
• Structure of the state (some services are private like in
USA)

• Related to the interdependence and

international cooperation (about
functioning in international system

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4th generation proposition: related to advancement of sciences.

○ Right to be participate in any aspect of human development

○ Global system and global participation of states
○ And the individual participation in the system

In essence human security is about the relations between the gov and people

○ Its important to remember that it's not always the gov is to blame, sometimes the people
because things like racism, religion, organised crime (partially, because sometimes organised
crime is a result of a bad state)… etc

Economic penetration (a form of intervention):

• A way of states paying for development, like Poland. Like now today Poland isn't economically
independent
• Russia is surviving the western sanctions because it is self efficient and has other partners apart
from western states. Russian in interdependent but not independent with western states

Libya case: intervention on the basis of human rights protection

Libya was a successful state until 2011 with high standards of living

• 1k ppl killed by the regime every year

• No political rights
• But good economic level of life
• Food subsidies
• Free schooling & healthcare

Libya now: after the international intervention

• A failed state
• Many political rights but no political central gov

• Why:
○ Internal: Many citizens don't recognise democracy and prefer tribalism & don't believe in
equality
○ External: non state actors invention like terroristic organisations and religious bodies + state
actors

Next week:

• Definition of migration
• What are the kinds of migration & categories
• Immigration
• Why ppl migrate
• What are the outcomes to the sending state
• What are the outcomes for the sending and hosting
state
• Difference between migrant and refugees
• Migration and international security

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