UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA

FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY II
BMCG 2011

REPORT

BIL: NAME: MATRIX NO:

CLASS SESSION:
1. NUR HIDAYAH BINTI HASHIM B041510170
S7

LAB GROUP:

C2

REPORT
SUBMISSION DATE:

17/4/2019

SEMESTER/SESSION: SEM 8 / SESSION 2018-2019

EXPERIMENT TITLE: Water Cooling Tower System

LECTURER : EN. SHAMSUL BAHARI

LECTURER REMARKS EVALUATION

Objectives and Hypothesis
Statement

Methodology

Expected Results & Conclusions

TOTAL
Introduction:

Cooling tower is one of the units that come from air-conditioning system that use the

principles of cooling tower operation. The cooling tower is provided with water heater used to

stimulate cooling tower and provide cool water for the use of industrial processes. An

experiment is conducted which study the effect of cooling load toward the inlet and outlet of the

water through the pipe.

Objective:

To investigate the relationship between cooling load and cooling range

Theory:

Cooling towers is a type of heat exchanger. It allows water and air to come in contact

with each other to lower the temperature of the hot water. Small volumes of water will evaporate,

thus will lower the temperature of water that is being circulated through the entire of cooling

tower during the process begin. This cooling tower will cool down water that gets over heated by

industrial equipment and processes.

When the air and water come together, a small volume of water evaporates, creating an

action of cooling. The colder water gets pumped back to the process or equipment that absorbs

heat or the condenser. It repeats the loop over and over again to constantly cool down the heated

equipment or condensers.
 Air out

T3 T4
Orifice

T5

Water
distributor V4 V6 V5
Atm
High Low FT1
DP 1 Flow meter
V3
Packed column

Make-up
tank

T1 T2 T7

T6 V2
Air in

V7
T8
TC Hot water
tank
Air Temp
blower Receiver tank controller Heater

V8
Pump
Drain

Figure 1: Schematic Diagram of the Water Cooling Tower

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of water cooling cooling tower. This tower use

water to remove heat from the heater and eject the air to the atmosphere by process evaporation.

There are three main components of cooling system which are cooling tower, recirculating oump

and lastly heat exchanger. Firstly, water will through along the column. During this process, the

heat exchanger occurs between the water and the warm water.
 This will make the small volume of water to evaporate. The heat is transferred from the

water stream to the air stream, raising the temperature of air. The cooled water from the receiver

tank is then pumped back through a heat exchanger and the cycle repeats.

Figure 2: Water Cooling Tower

No. Name

1 Orifice

2 Water distributor
 3 Column

4 Receiver tank

5 Air blower

6 Make-up tank

7 Differential pressure transmitter

8 Load tank

9 Control panel

Procedure:

1. Valve V1 and V6 are checked to be close and valve V7 is partially opened.

2. The load tank is filled with tap water. It is done by first removing the make-up tank and

then the water is poured through the opening at the top of the load tank. The make-up is

replaced onto the load tank and lightly tightens the nuts. The tank is filled with tap water.

3. Switch 0.5 kw is turn on and wait for 2 minutes.

4. After 2 minutes, the data is quickly saved by click on the button that is appeared on the

monitor.

5. The data are saved 2 minutes interval until completely for 10 minutes.

6. After 10 minutes, switch 1.0 kw is quickly turn on.

7. Steps 4 until 6 are repeated but this times both switch 0.5 kw and 1.0 kw are switched on.

8. All the data are transferred to the pendrive in the form of note pad.

Results:
 Cooling Load vs. Cooling Range (2 minutes)
31
29

Cooling Range (°C)

27
25
23 T5
21 T6

19
17
0.5 1 1.5
Cooling Load (kw)

Figure 3: Graph of Cooling Load vs. Cooling Range for 2 minutes

Cooling Load vs. Cooling Range (4 minutes)

33
31
Cooling Range (°C)

29
27
25
T5
23
T6
21
19
17
0.5 1 1.5
Cooling Load (kw)

Figure 4: Graph of Cooling Load vs. Cooling Range for 4 minutes

 Cooling Load vs. Cooling Range (6 minutes)
33
31

Cooling Range (°C)

29
27
25
T5
23
T6
21
19
17
0.5 1 1.5
Cooling Load (kw)

Figure 5: Graph of Cooling Load vs. Cooling Range for 6 minutes

Cooling Load vs. Cooling Range (8 minutes)

33
31
Cooling Range (°C)

29
27
25 T5
23 T6

21
19
0.5 1 1.5
Cooling Load (kw)

Figure 6: Graph of Cooling Load vs. Cooling Range for 8 minutes

 Cooling Load vs. Cooling Range (10 minutes)
33
31

Cooling Range (°C)

29
27
25 T5
23 T6

21
19
0.5 1 1.5
Cooling Load (kw)

Figure 7: Graph of Cooling Load vs. Cooling Range for 10 minutes

Figure 8: One of the results that appeared on the monitor using water cooling tower model
HE152.
Discussions:

From this experiment, there are 5 graphs which are different in time. This entire cooling

tower operates in order to remove heat from water by evaporation process with the help of air

blower. Figure 3 until Figure 7 above show the graph of cooling load versus cooling range with

the time of 2 min, 4 min, 6 min. 8 min and 10 min. All of these graphs show the increasing of

temperature along the cooling load which is 0.5 kW, 1.0 kW and 1.5 kW.

Figure 3 shows the increasing of temperature from 20.2°C until 29.1°C for T5 and T6

shows the increasing of temperature from 18.4°C until 23.4°C for the first 2 minutes. Figure 4

shows the increasing of temperature from 21°C until 30.8°C for T5 and T6 shows the increasing

of temperature from 19.2°C until 24.4°C for the second 2 minutes. Figure 5 shows the increasing

of temperature from 22°C until 31.2°C for T5 and T6 shows the increasing of temperature from

19.6°C until 24.9°C for the third 2 minutes. Figure 6 shows the increasing of temperature from

22.4°C until 31.5°C for T5 and T6 shows the increasing of temperature from 19.9°C until 25.1°C

for the fourth 2 minutes. Lastly, Figure 7 shows the increasing of temperature from 22.6°C until

31.8°C for T5 and T6 shows the increasing of temperature from 20.1°C until 25.2°C for the fifth

2 minutes.

From this graph, it show that the increasing around 10°C for T5 and 5°C for T6. All of

the five graph show that T5 are higher in temperature than T6 along the cooling load. This is

because the number of blade in the column is high thus increasing the surface area for the heat

exchanger to occur. Besides, the increasing of heater power will increase the temperature of

cooling range in cooling tower by the constant of air blower and water flow rate.
Conclusion:

As conclusion, it is well-said that this experiment is successfully conducted because the

objective had achieved. From the experiment, we can conclude that the increasing of heater

power will increase the temperature of cooling range in cooling tower by the constant of air

blower and water flow rate.