Write-up on Technical Facilities/Infrastructure

Name of the Equipment/ Soil CO2 Efflux Sensor

1
Machinery
2 Entity/Area/Group POD/ECSA

3 Brief Description Background

As part of the National Carbon Project, we

have modelled the terrestrial carbon
budget using CASA terrestrial Ecosystem
Model

Carbon budget is estimated through two

ecosystem parameters

Net Primary Productivity

Net Ecosystem Productivity

Net Primary Productivity = Amount of

Carbon Fixed by the plant through
photosynthesis - Autotrophic
respiration(Plant)

Net Ecosystem Productivity = NPP-

Rh(Ecosystem respiration(Plants and
Soil))

Soils contain almost twice as much carbon as

the vegetation and the atmosphere combined
(Groenigen et al., 2015), illustrating the
importance of belowground carbon storage.It is
returned to the atmosphere through the process
of soil respiration (Rs) which refers to the total
soil CO2 efflux at the soil surface, expressed as
µmol CO2 m-2 s -1 .

Soil respiration is an essential component

of the carbon cycle, and is sensitive to
temperature and moisture.The interactive
effect of temperature and soil moisture on
soil respiration remains a key knowledge
gap that limits predictions of future CO2
feedbacks and carbon dynamics.
 The temperature sensitivity of soil
respiration is often expressed as the Q10
value; that is, the factor by which soil
respiration increases by a 10°C increase in
temperature .This approach is
implemented in several models, which
usually employ a fixed value of 1.5 (e.g.,
in the Community Land Model, CLM or 2
(e.g., in CASA and TEM , which is used
for all soils and levels of soil moisture.

In the CASA terrestrial ecosystem model

we have analyzed the carbon budget by
using Q10 values taken from literature and
in some areas it is fixed. However, several
studies suggest that Q10 is variable, with
values ranging from 1 to larger than 12.
Various studies have proven that on a
global scale,small inaccuracies with regard
to Q10 may result in large errors in the
estimation of carbon dynamics. It was also
shown that simulated soil respiration rates
were 40% higher after implementing
spatially heterogeneous Q10 values into
soil respiration models compared to a
fixed value.With increasing demand of
implementing variable Q10 values into
carbon models instead of a fixed value
(e.g., Lefèvre et al., 2014) the need to
understand and predict spatiotemporal
patterns of Q10 becomes critically
important.

4 Need Aspect/Justification Already procured

Reference to any Committee

5 Review/Recommendation/ NA
Approval
Additional Space Required, if
6 No
any?
ISRO - GBP
7 Programme Linkages

8 Expected Utilisation
Details of Similar Equipment
9 Not Available
available within the Centre
 Replacement/Augmentation/
10 -
New
In case of 'Replacement'
11 indicate the following details -
of the Original Equipment

11.1.Year of Procurement : -

11.2.Cost : -
11.3.Working Condition -
12 Item-wise Budget Details -
(Rs.in L)
Sl. Item Description Total Budget Revised Budget Requirements

No. Value Estimates CY Estimates Estimates Beyond FY

CY FY (in lacs)
(in lacs)

1 Battery and Maintenance 2 1 1

2 Field Trip 3 1.5 1.5

Total 5 2.5 2.5