What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)

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 What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)?
● Artificial Intelligence (AI) is simulation of human intelligence processes by machines. It is a way to
make machines think and behave intelligently. Thus,

Artificial Intelligence (AI) = Making Machines Intelligent.

● These machines are able to perform cognitive functions like learning, reasoning, perceiving, and
solving problems.
● Artificial Intelligence was introduced in 1956 by John McCarthy in his first academic conference.
● Artificial Intelligence is mainly classified into two types of categorization namely Type 1 and Type 2,
based on capabilities and functionalities respectively.

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 History of AI

Introduction of The First Robot is

Turing Test by introduced on an assembly IBM introduced Deep Blue, Announcement of the
Alan Turing. line at the General Motors. a chess playing computer Google Duplex.

1955 1965 2000

1950 1961 1997 2018

John McCarthy coined First chatbot “Eliza” Smart toys named as
the term “Artificial was created by MIT AI “Robopets” become
Intelligence”. laboratory. commercially available.

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 Types of Artificial Intelligence
● Artificial Intelligence is classified into two types of categorization, based on capabilities and
functionalities of AI, called as Type 1 and Type 2.
● Type 1 AI are based on Capabilities, whereas Type 2 AI are based on Functionalities.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

TYPE 1 TYPE 2

Reactive
Strong AI Weak AI Self-Awareness
Machines

General AI Limited Memory Theory of Mind

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 Turing Test
● Developed back in 1950 by Alan Turing, it is a method of inquiry in AI to determine whether or not a
computer is capable of thinking like a human being.
● The basic concept is that the human judge engage in a natural language conversation with a
machine cannot reliably distinguish machine from human, then the machine passes the test.
● Responses from both participants are received in the form of a text.

Computer Respondent Human Interrogator Human Respondent

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