Concept of

Disaster and
Disaster Risk
This Chapter is intended to
equip you with knowledge to
explain the basic concept of
disaster.
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 WHAT I NEED TO KNOW?
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:

1. Understand the meaning of disaster;

2. Justify different kinds of disasters that are common in the
Philippines;
3. Observe surroundings and every situation that you may
encounter; and
4. Appreciate the significance of knowing disaster risks and
how it may affect one’s life.
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 INTRODUCTION
A disaster hits any place at any
period of any year. It sees no color,
knows no culture, and recognizes no
geographical boundaries. It puts
lives and properties at risk.
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 Activity 1: Count Me In
On Mentimeter, write five (5) disastrous
1
events in the Philippines that you could still
recall from the last five years.
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 Understanding Disaster
1. In two to three sentences, describe the images.

2. What are the disasters that you can identify from

the images?
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 IT’S A DISASTER
"a serious disruption of the functioning of a
community or a society causing widespread human,
material, economic, or environmental losses, which
exceed the ability of the affected community or
society to cope, using its own resources." (United
Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction,
UNISDR, 2004)
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 IT’S A DISASTER
Disaster impacts may include loss of lives, injuries,
diseases, and other negative effects on humans'
physical, mental, and social well-being, together with
damage properties, destruction of assets, loss of
services, social and economic disruption, and
environmental degradation.
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 CLASSIFICATION OF DISASTER
Disasters can be divided into 2 large categories:
A. Natural Disasters – a natural phenomenon caused by natural
forces, such as earthquakes, typhoon, volcanic eruptions,
hurricanes, fires, tornados, and extreme temperatures. They
can be classified as rapid onset disasters and those with
progressive onset, such as droughts that lead to famine.

B. Man-made - Disasters caused by man are those in which

major direct causes are identifiable intentional or non-
intentional human actions.
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 Man-made Disasters
Subdivided into three categories:

1. Technological/industrial disasters - Unregulated industrialization

and inadequate safety standards increase the risk for industrial
disasters.
EXAMPLE: leaks of hazardous materials; accidental explosions; bridge or
road collapses, or vehicle collisions
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 Man-made Disasters
Subdivided into three categories:
2. Terrorism/Violence - the threat of terrorism has also increased due to
the spread of technologies involving nuclear, biological, and chemical
agents used to develop weapons of mass destruction.
EXAMPLE : bombs or explosions; release of chemical materials; release of
biological agents; release of radioactive agents; multiple or massive
shootings; mutinies
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 Man-made Disasters
Subdivided into three categories:
3. Complex humanitarian emergencies - the term complex emergency
is usually used to describe the humanitarian emergency resulting from
an international or civil war.
EXAMPLE: conflicts or wars and Genocide the deliberate killing of a large
group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation
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 RISK AND DISASTER RISK
RISK is the possibility that something bad or unpleasant will happen.

DISASTER RISK is the chance or likelihood of suffering harm and loss as a

result of a hazardous event. It closely depends upon the exposure of a
person or a community to a hazard.

It can also be determined by the presence of three variables:

• hazards (natural or anthropogenic);
• vulnerability to a hazard; and
• coping capacity linked to the reduction, mitigation, and resilience to
the vulnerability of a community.
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 ACTIVITY 1.1 FIX ME!
Instruction: Arrange the given jumbled
letters to identify the correct
terminology. The definition will help you to
derive the correct answer. Answering this
activity will help you develop your visual
and analysis skills.
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 1 JUMBLED LETTERS

D I S A S T E R

TARISSED
A sudden calamitous event, bringing great
damage, loss, destruction, and devastation.
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 2 JUMBLED LETTERS
R I N G O F
F I R E
GRIN FO FIER
A path along the Pacific Ocean characterized
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by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes.

 3 JUMBLED LETTERS

C A L A M I T Y

ACTLAMIY
An event causing great and often sudden
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damage or distress.
 4 JUMBLED LETTERS

E A R T H Q U A K E

AQRHTEKEAU
Shaking of earth caused by waves moving on
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and below the earth's surface.

 5 JUMBLED LETTERS
V O L C A N I C
E R U P T I O N
INCCLOVA PRINEOUT
When lava and gas are discharged from a
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volcanic vent.
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P A C I F I C
O C E A N
CICIPAF ENACO
Largest and deepest of Earth's oceanic
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divisions.
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T Y P H O O N

NOYPTOH
Type of tropical cyclone, or severe tropical
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storm.
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N A T U R A L
D I S A S T E R
TARULNA TARISSED
A natural event such as a flood, earthquake,
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or hurricane that causes great damage or loss

of life.
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R I S K

IKRS
The possibility that something bad or unpleasant will
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happen
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M A N M A D E
D I S A S T E R
ANM DEMA RESTSAID
Caused by man are those in which major direct causes are
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identifiable intentional or non-intentional human actions.

 ACTIVITY 1.2
UNDERSTANDING NATURAL AND
MAN-MADE DISASTER
Direction: Identify the given set of images

Natural Man-made
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 NATURAL OR MAN-MADE DISASTER
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Source: https://rb.gy/ziawrx
 NATURAL OR MAN-MADE DISASTER
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Source: https://rb.gy/3ep0jw
 NATURAL OR MAN-MADE DISASTER
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Source: https://rb.gy/j2mctx
 NATURAL OR MAN-MADE DISASTER
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Source: https://rb.gy/wwf6w3
 NATURAL OR MAN-MADE DISASTER
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Source: https://rb.gy/e5txlr
 GUIDE QUESTIONS
Based on the presented images, how
will you differentiate natural from man-
made disasters? Explain your answer.
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 GUIDE QUESTIONS
1. Give a natural disaster you experienced within
your locality or you have heard from the news
recently. What makes it a natural disaster?

2. Give a man-made disaster you experienced

within your locality or you have heard from the
news recently.
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YOU!
THANK