SPEAKING

4.0

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UNIT 1: Change and consequences ........................................... 1

UNIT 2: The important of the past ........................................... 14

UNIT 3: Machines, cycles and processes ................................. 27

UNIT 4: Education ................................................................... 35

UNIT 5: Youth ......................................................................... 45

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 IELTS SPEAKING 4.0 QUESTIONS AND SAMPLE ANSWERS
TOPIC: TOWN AND CITY / HOBBIES
I. VOCABULARY

a. ………………… b. …………………
(nhà liền kề) (nhà trang trại)

c. ………………… d. …………………
(căn hộ) (căn hộ tầng cao nhất)

e. ………………… f. …………………
(nhà chung) (căn hộ độc thân)

h. ………………… (nhà nhỏ 1 tầng)

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* Town & City :
1. Accommodation (n): tiện nghi ăn ở

Ex: There's a shortage of cheap accommodation (= places to live).

2. Cost of living (n): chi phí cho các hoạt động sống hàng ngày

Ex: The cost of living in the city is higher than in the countryside

3. Countryside (n): miền quê

Ex: The countryside around there is beautiful.

4. Downtown (n): trung tâm thành phố

Ex: He works in an office tower in downtown San Francisco.

5. Infrastructure (n): cơ sở hạ tầng

Ex: Ho Chi Minh City's infrastructure is developing very well

6. Inhabitant = Resident = Dweller = Habitant (n): cư dân

7. Lively = Bustling = Vibran (adj): ồn ào, náo nhiệt, sôi động

8. Megacity (n): siêu đô thị

9. Mountainous (adj): vùng núi

10. Native people = Local people (n): người bản địa

11. Overcrowding (adj): đông đúc

12. Pace of life (n): nhịp sống

13. Quiet = Peaceful (adj): yên bình, thanh bình

14. Standard of living (n): tiêu chuẩn sống

15. Suburb = Outskirt (n): vùng ngoại ô

16. The rat race (n): phong cách sống cạnh tranh

17. To commute (v): di chuyển một quãng đường xa đi làm

18. Transportation (n): giao thông

19. Uptown (n): khu dân cư cao cấp

20. Urban (n): thành phố >< Rural: miền quê

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* LOCATION:
- … to be located in the northern/central/southern/eastern/western part of Vietnam: … nằm ở khu
vực phía Bắc/trung tâm/Nam/Đông/Tây của Việt Nam.
- It borders /, bordering…. to the north, … to the south, … to the east, … to the west: Nó giáp ranh với
… về phía Bắc, … về phía Nam, … về phía Đông, … về phía Tây.
- a metropolitan /ˌmet.rəˈpɑː.lə.tən/ area with millions of dwellers: 1 thành phố lớn với hàng trăm triệu
dân
- a small town/a coastal city/an ancient city with a population of around…: 1 thị trấn nhỏ/1 thành
phố ven biển/1 thành phố cổ với số dân vào khoảng …
* REMARABLE POINTS:
– be surrounded by open/picturesque countryside: được bao quanh bởi vùng quê thoáng đãng/ đẹp như
tranh vẽ
Ex: My aunt’s house is surrounded by a picturesque countryside.
– depend on/be employed in/work in agriculture: dựa vào/được thuê làm/làm việc trong ngành nông
nghiệp
Ex: The life of most villagers depends on agriculture.
– downshift to a less stressful life: thay đổi thành lối sống ít áp lực hơn
Ex: Sometimes you should take the time to visit your hometown to downshift to a less stressful life.
– enjoy/love/explore the great outdoors: thích/yêu thích/khám phá hoạt động ngoài trời
Ex: My kids love to explore the great outdoors, so I usually take them to the countryside on weekends.
– enjoy the relaxed/slower pace of life: tận hưởng nhịp sống thư giãn/chậm hơn
Ex: My hobby is to go to the remote countryside to enjoy the slower pace of life.
– escape/quit/get out of/leave the rat race: trốn khỏi/bỏ/thoát khỏi/rời khỏi guồng quay cuộc sống
Ex: Countryside is a great place for you to escape the rat race.
– look for/get/enjoy a little peace and quiet: tìm kiếm/tận hưởng một chút thanh bình và yên tĩnh
Ex: If your life is stressful, look for a little peace and quiet by going to a remote countryside.
– need/want to get back/closer to nature: cần/muốn trở về/gần gũi hơn với thiên nhiên
Ex: You will be closer to nature when you live in countryside.

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* HOBBIES
Từ diễn đạt thích (like)
• Be keen on: quan tâm đến
Ex: I am keen on drawing (Tôi quan tâm đến việc vẽ)
• Be crazy about: phát cuồng vì
Ex: I am crazy about computer games (Tôi phát cuồng vì trò chơi điện từ)
• Have a great passion for
Ex: I have a great passion for singing. (Tôi có một niềm đam mê lớn với ca hát)
• Be a big fan of
Ex: I am a big fan of classical music (Tôi là một fan hâm mộ lớn của âm nhạc cổ điển)
• Be an avid + N (chỉ người): là một người đam mê …
Ex: I am an avid reader (tôi là một người ham đọc sách)
Từ diễn đạt không thích (Dislike)
• Is not my kind of thing: Không phải gu của tôi
Ex: Reading is not my kind of thing (Đọc sách không phải là gu của tôi )
• Is not my cup of tea: Không phải gu của tôi
Ex: Mountain climbing is not my cup of tea (Leo núi không phải là gu của tôi )
• Can’t stand: Không thể chịu được
Ex: I can’t stand cooking (Tôi không thể chịu được việc nấu ăn)
Indifference
• Don’t mind: Không ngại
Ví dụ: I don’t mind doing housework (Tôi không ngại làm việc nhà)
• Can take it or leave it: Có cũng được, không có cũng được
Ví dụ: Going to the cinema? I can take it or leave it. (Đi xem phim? Đi cũng được, không đi cũng được)

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II. IELTS-STYLE SPEAKING TEST QUESTIONS AND SAMPLE ANSWERS
1. Do you like the city you are living in now?
Answer: I can confidently express that I love my home city Hanoi. The food sold here is great
and affordable. There are also wonderful destinations for friend meetings in Hanoi.
• affordable: phải chăng (giá cả)
• friend meetings: họp mặt với bạn bè
2. What is it like where you live?
Answer: I live in a residential area of a busy town in the south of Spain … we have all the facilities you
need … good public transport … a good shopping centre … it’s nice …
3. What kinds of cities do you like?
Answer: Cities from North European countries like Sweeden or Holland are places that first come to my
mind when talking about an ideal spot to settle down.
• an ideal spot: một địa điểm lý tưởng
• settle down: dùng để chỉ hành động ổn định về nơi chốn, công việc, gia đình.
4. Do you have any hobbies?
Definitely yes, everyone has at least one leisure pursuit and I am no exception. My perennial hobby is
watching movies. Currently, I am watching a TV series called Bojack Horseman on Netflix. It’s really
interesting and hopefully, I can finish the final season this weekend
• I am no exception: tôi không phải là ngoại lệ
• perennial: lâu năm
5. What hobbies are popular in your country?
Well, there are plenty of recreational activities that Vietnamese people enjoy doing in their spare time.
Generally speaking, Vietnamese love listening to music on music streaming websites such as Zing MP3
or Spotify because they offer a variety of songs free of charge.
• generally speaking: nói chung
• music streaming website: trang web phát nhạc
• a variety of: đa dạng
• free of charge: miễn phí
6. Is it important to have a hobby?
Answer: Due to the hectic lifestyle that most people lead nowadays, hobbies are extremely important as it
makes people feel relaxed after a tiring day at work.
• hectic lifestyle: lối sống bận rộn
• vital = important: quan trọng

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III. IELTS QUESTIONS – PART 1
1. Do you like living in the city?
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2. Do many tourists visit your area?

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3. Do you prefer the city or the countryside?
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5. What equipment do you need for it?
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6. Do you like listening to music?
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IV. IELTS QUESTION – PART 2

Describe a town or a city you want to live in in the

future.
You should say:
- Where is it?
- How do you know it?
- What it is famous for?
And why you would like to live there

Sample answer:
• In the future, I would like to live in Hanoi, which is also my hometown. Let me give you some
information about this city. Hanoi is the capital of Vietnam which is located in the North of the
country. It was granted to be the City of Peace in 1999 by UNESCO for the endeavor that Vietnam
had fought for peace and independence in wartime. Some remnants from the wars such as Hoa Lo
prisons or Imperial Citadel of Thăng Long were conserved to teach the young about the
country’s heroic past, and they are also helping to bring home the bacon. To me, those battle scars
make the city historical and appreciative.
• If you ask me why I want to continue staying in this city, there is more than just 1 reason, but I’ll
make it brief. In terms of the job opportunity, I find it faster to seek an occupation here because I
have built my own network and this could help my career flourish in the near future. In the long
run, it would be beneficial if my children get to live here and study in an urban environment as the
schools’ facilities are cutting-edge and most of the top-notch universities are located in Hanoi.
• Remnant (n): tàn dư
• Heroic (adj): anh hùng
• Bring home the bacon (idiom): kiếm tiền
• Appreciative (adj): đáng để biết ơn
• Flourish (v): phát triển mạnh mẽ
• Cutting-edge (adj): hiện đại
• Top-notch (adj): đứng đầu

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 Describe a town or a city you want to live in in the
future.
You should say:
- Where is it?
- How do you know it?
- What it is famous for?
And why you would like to live there

Your Answer:
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IELTS SPEAKING 4.0 QUESTIONS AND SAMPLE ANSWERS
TOPIC: FESTIVAL
(DESCRIBE A PAST EVENT)

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I. VOCABULARY
1. Religious (n): tôn giáo
2. Pagan (n): người ngoại đạo
3. Christian (n): người theo đạo Thiên chúa
4. Muslim(n): người theo đạo Phật
5. Reunion (n): tụ họp
6. Ritual (n): lễ nghi
7. Festivity (n): lễ hội
Ex: The royal wedding was an occasion of great festivity
8. Ceremony (n): lễ
9. Folklore (= myth) (n): văn học dân gian, thần thoại
10. Customary = traditional (adj): theo phong tục truyền thống
11. Long-established =time-honored (adj): lâu đời
12. Pay respects to (v): tôn trọng
13. Pay tribute to (v): vinh danh
14. VERB + FESTIVAL have, hold | attend, go to, visit | organize | celebrate, observe| appear at, take part
in
Ex: The school has taken part in the festival since 1997.
15. FESTIVAL + VERB take place | begin, open, start | attract sb
Ex: The festival attracts thousands of visitors every year.
16. PREP. at/on a/the + FESTIVAL
Ex: The pilgrims who arrived on major festivals.
17. Spring festival (n): hội xuân
18. Family reunion (n): đoàn tụ gia đình
Example: A family reunion is an occasion when many members of an extended family congregate
19. Five-fruit tray (n): mâm ngũ quả
Ex: A five-fruit tray which cannot be missed in Tet holiday is the symbol for the admiration and
gratitude of the Vietnamese to Heaven and Earth and their ancestors to express their aspiration for
prosperity, good luck, good health and happiness.
20. Dragon dancers (n): múa lân
Ex: Dragon dance is a form of traditional dance and performance in Chinese culture.
21. Worship the ancestors (v): thờ cúng tổ tiên
Ex: The custom of worshiping ancestors is a beautiful, rich, and colorful and joyful tradition in
Vietnamese culture.
22. Lucky money (n): tiền lì xì
23. Red envelope (n): phong bao lì xì
Ex: Vietnamese have had the tradition of giving small children lucky money in red envelope on the first
day of Lunar New Year

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* VIETNAMESE TRADITIONAL FESTIVAL (các ngày lễ cổ truyền Việt Nam)
1. Tet holiday (Vietnamese New Year): Tết Nguyên Đán
Ex: Vietnamese New Year is the most important and popular holiday and festival in Vietnam.
2. Hung Kings Commemorations – 10/03: Giỗ Tổ Hùng Vương
Hung Kings’ Temple Festival: Lễ hội đền Hùng
Ex: The Hùng Kings’ Temple Festival is a Vietnamese festival held annually from the 8th to the 11th days
of the third lunar month in honour of the Hùng Vương or Hùng Kings.
3. Latern Festival – 15/1: Tết Nguyên tiêu- Rằm tháng Giêng
Ex: The Lantern Festival, also known as the Moon Festival or Mid-Autumn Festival, is a vastly
celebrated holiday throughout East Asia
4. Mid-Autumn Festival – 15/8: Tết trung thu
Ex: Besides the Tet Holiday, the Mid-Autumn festival is one of the most famous festivals and it is a
traditional celebration for Vietnamese children.

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POPULAR WORLDWIDE HOLIDAYS (các ngày lễ trên thế giới)
1. New Year’s Day: Ngày đầu năm mới
Ex: New Year’s Day, also called simply New Year’s or New Year, is observed on January 1, the first day of
the year on the modern Gregorian calendar as well as the Julian calendar.
2. New Year’s Eve: đêm giao thừa
Ex: In the Gregorian calendar, New Year’s Eve, the last day of the year, is on December 31 which is the
seventh day of the Christmas season
3. Easter: Lễ Phục Sinh
Ex: It’s Easter morning and we’re on our way to church.
4. May Day: Ngày quốc tế Lao động
Ex: May Day is a public holiday usually celebrated on May 1
5. Christmas: Lễ giáng sinh
Ex: The Christmas tree could only be seen from the back of the house, but that didn’t matter.
6. Boxing Day: Ngày lễ tặng quà
Ex: Boxing Day is a holiday celebrated the day after Christmas Day. It originated in the United Kingdom,
and is celebrated in a number of countries that previously formed part of the British Empire.
7. Thanksgiving: Lễ Tạ Ơn
Ex: In the meantime, Thanksgiving was coming up – and then Christmas.
8. Halloween: Lễ hội hóa trang Halloween
Ex: You know, the full moon is two days before Halloween this month.

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II. IELTS-STYLE SPEAKING TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. What’s your favorite holiday?
Answer: Okay so well beside Tet holiday which I’m quite sure that every of you is familiar with,
Christmas is also one of my favorite festive occasions.
• festive occasions: các dịp lễ hội
2. What is the most popular celebration in your country?
Answer: Well, the most famous celebration in Vietnam is the Tet holiday. It is not only the occasion to
mark the beginning of a New Year, but also a time for people to get together.
• Not only … but also: không những … mà còn …
3. How do people celebrate the New Year Holiday in Vietnam?
Answer: The Vietnamese people usually clean and decorate our homes at least three days before Tet
holiday. We tend to prepare feasts with many traditional foods.
• At least: ít nhất
• Feasts: bữa tiệc
4. Which activities do you enjoy the most during the Tet Holiday?
Answer: In Vietnam. It is customary for adults to give lucky money to the young ones during the Lunar
New Year. And I used to like receiving it.
• Customary: theo phong tục
• Lucky money: tiền lì xì
5. What did you do on the last Tet Holiday?
Answer: I remember not doing much last year was a rough one. I only helped my family clean and
decorate the house. Furthermore, I did go shopping and visited some relatives.

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III. IELTS QUESTIONS - PART 1
1. What is the most important traditional festival in your country?
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2. What do you do during the Tet Holiday?
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3. How do you celebrate an important occasion in your family, such as a wedding or a birthday?
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4. What do you usually do on holidays?
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5. Which public holiday do you like the most?
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IV. IELTS QUESTION – PART 2

Describe an important possession that you lost.

You should say:

- What you lost?
- How you lost it?
- Where you lost it?
- And explain how you felt about it?

Sample answer:
• Today, I’ll like to talk about a mobile phone which I lost. I still remember that evening very well
although it happened around ten years back.
• I had gone to a local market that day to get some stationary for my upcoming exams. I stood on the
counter and told the salesman to show me some gel pens and writing boards. I had my phone in
my hand as I entered the shop but kept it on the counter to have a look at the stuff lying in front of
me. In the mean time, a middle aged man also came there and asked for something. Then, he left in
five minutes or so without purchasing anything. I didn’t sense anything at that time, I bought
whatever I needed and paid the shopkeeper his due amount.
• As I was about to leave, I just remembered to pick up my phone. All hell broke loose when my
mobile was nowhere to be found. I searched all over the counter and even on the floor. The
salesman told me that the man who entered the shop and left abruptly must be the thief. We tried
to locate him on the street but he seemed to have vanished in the by lanes.

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 Describe an important possession that you lost.

You should say:

- What you lost?
- How you lost it?
- Where you lost it?
- And explain how you felt about it?

Your Answer:
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 IELTS SPEAKING 4.0 QUESTIONS AND SAMPLE ANSWERS
TOPIC: CLOTHES AND FASHION
I. VOCABULARY
* Describe Fashion
When asked to talk about fashion and your opinions on it, you can use the following terms:
1. wardrobe (n) — the collection of clothes in your closet that you normally wear: kho quần áo
2. strong colours (n) — the opposite of pastel colours: màu đậm
3. trendy (adjective) — fashionable: thời trang / xu hướng
4. smart-casual (adj) — casual but clean and stylish: thời trang thường ngày lịch sự
5. outfit (n) — a coordinated set of clothes: trang phục
6. pricey (adjective) — costly (informal): đắt tiền
7. old-school (adjective) – something that is traditional or old-fashioned (but not very old)
8. baggy (adj) — loose: rộng
9. antique (adj) — old (about things), unique and traditional style: đồ cổ
10. eccentric clothes (n) — unusual, out-of-the-ordinary attire: dị thường
11. trending jeans (n) — ripped: đồ jean thời trang
12. Hipster (n) — a trendy person: người có gu thời trang
13. sloppy (adv) — loose-fitting and casual: luộm thuộm
14. brand loyalty (n) — a consumer’s emotionally charged decision to buy a certain brand or known
company over and over again: trung thành với một thương hiệu
15. Catwalk — the platform on which modals walk to show off the latest ready-to-wear trends

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II. IELTS-STYLE SPEAKING TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. What type of clothes do you like to wear?

– Well, I prefer casual clothes – simple and comfortable. A pair of jeans and a shirt would be perfect. I am
not really the fashionable type. But of course, I also dress up for special occasions.

2. How important is fashion to you?

-I am not much worried about it actually. I prefer wearing simple yet presentable clothes.

3. What kind of clothes do you dislike?

-Well, I dislike wearing untidy and eccentric clothes. For instance, would be tearing or ripped jeans.

4. What kind of clothes do people wear to work in your country?

-Those who work in the corporate wear either smart casual or business/formal attire on a regular
work day. Some employees such as teachers have uniforms. Other workers are allowed to wear casual
clothes to work.

5. Have you ever worn a uniform?

Yes, absolutely. Wearing uniform is kind of the norm in my country. Students are often dressed in a plain
white button-up shirt and a pair of navy slacks, and the shirt has to be tucked in.

III. IELTS QUESTIONS - PART 1

1. Do you enjoy buying clothes?
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4. What kind of clothes do people in your country usually wear?
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IV. IELTS QUESTION - PART 2

Describe a piece of clothing that you like wearing.

You should say

- what the item of clothing is
- where and when you bought it
- when you wear it
- and explain why you like wearing it.

Sample answer:
• I’m going to describe a coat that I often wear at the moment. The coat is dark blue in colour, and
it’s made out of a lightweight, waterproof material, which makes it perfect for wearing at this time
of year here in the UK. It also has a detachable hood, which I used yesterday when it was raining,
and various pockets on the outside and on the inside.
• I bought the coat last year at the beginning of autumn when the weather started to get colder. It
was easy to buy because I had had the exact same coat before; my old coat was starting to look a
bit worn out, so I decided to buy a new version. As I knew which size I needed, I simply went
online and found the best offer; I bought it through a shopping website, and it was delivered to my
house a few days later.
• As I said, I’m wearing this coat a lot at the moment. It’s my everyday coat for going to work or for
when I go out shopping or for any other reason.
• The reason why I like this coat is that it’s so practical and functional. It’s waterproof and it keeps
me warm, but it also comes in handy for carrying things like my phone, wallet, loose change, a pen,
and even a notebook; I tend to fill my pockets with whatever I can. It even folds up small enough
to fit in my bag when I don’t need it.
Your Answer:
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 IELTS SPEAKING 4.0 QUESTIONS AND SAMPLE ANSWERS
TOPIC: EDUCATION
I. VOCABULARY
* Schooling
1. seminar (n) — hội nghị chuyên đề
Ex: Professor Le will give a seminar on Nguyen Du's poetry.
2. lecture (n) — bài giảng dạy, bài thuyết trình
Ex: There were very few students at his lecture that morning.
3. requirements (n) — yêu cầu, nhu cầu
Ex: I have some very simple requirements.
4. analysis (n) — sự phân tích
Ex: We made the decision based on our analysis of the situation.
5. criteria (n) — những tiêu chuẩn
Ex: She failed to meet the strict selection criteria.
6. dissertation (n) — luận văn
7. essay (n) – bài tiểu luận
8. evaluation (n) — sự đánh
9. module (n) — học phần
10. portfolio (n) — tài liệu tổng hợp những tác phẩm hoặc sản phẩm nổi bật bạn từng thực hiện
trong quá khứ

40
* Describing people
1. audible (adj) — có thể nghe rõ
2. demanding (adj) — đòi hỏi khắt khe
3. conscientious = careful, considerate (adj) – chu đáo, tận tâm
4. positive (adj) — tích cực, lạc quan
5. polite (adj) — lịch sự
6. knowledgeable (adj) — am hiểu, thành thạo
7. strict (adj) – nghiêm khắc
8. physically fit (adj) — có sức khỏe thể chất
9. generous (adj) — rộng lượng, bao dung
10. humorous (adj) — hài hước

II. IELTS-STYLE SPEAKING TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

1. What kind of school did you go to as a child?

I have studied in a public school from pre-school till 6th grade. It used to be the most popular and the best
elementary school during my time.

2. Did you go to a co-educational school?

Yes, I did. I had good memories in that school. I gained a lot of friends, both boys and girls.

3. What was your favorite subject as a child?

I liked Maths a lot when I was a kid. Solving word problems were very interesting for me. I’d always get
high scores in exams.

4. Who was your favorite teacher?

My farvorite Maths teacher is Mr.Dat. He made the lessons fun and exciting by engaging us into different
activities related to our topics. Me and my classmates enjoyed the games.

5. Where do you study / Where did you study?

I studied in (name of school). It is located in (name of the city)

6. What will you study in university in the future?

I will study business administration. This course is perfect for a business minded person like me.

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III. IELTS QUESTIONS - PART 1

1. What kind of school did you go to as a child?

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3. What was your favorite subject as a child?

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5. Where do you study / Where did you study?

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6. What will you study in university in the future?

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7. Do you work or study?

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IV. IELTS QUESTION - PART 2

Describe a subject you enjoyed studying at school.

You should say:

• When and where you started studying it

• What lessons were like

• What made the subject different from other subjects
• and explain why you enjoyed the subject

Sample answer:

The subject I’d like to describe is History. It was a subject taught in highschool. About one hour is allotted
everyday to learn about significant historical events. For some of my classmates, it was a boring subject
but I enjoyed it a lot.

I remember that our teacher distributed a syllabus on our first meeting which served as a guide on the
topics that will be discussed each week. We were assigned to read several books and other reading
materials. We talked about famous people, from warriors to philosophers to artists. We discussed the wars
that happened in the past. We also talked about religion, traditions and customs of the people during the
ancient time.

As a subject, it required us to memorize a lot which was a disadvantage for me and my classmates at that
time because it consumed much of our time. Nevertheless, history really intrigues me. I am always curious
about how humans lived in the past. I have always been interested to look into how history turned us into
the present generation. It fascinates me.

43
 Describe a subject you enjoyed studying at school.

You should say:

• When and where you started studying it

• What lessons were like

• What made the subject different from other subjects
• and explain why you enjoyed the subject

Your Answer:
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 IELTS SPEAKING 4.0 QUESTIONS AND SAMPLE ANSWERS
TOPIC: YOUTH
I. VOCABULARY
* Words related to youth
1. attribute (n) — thuộc tính, tính cách
2. articulate = communicative (adj) — có khả năng ăn nói lưu loát
3. responsible (adj) — có trách nhiệm
4. highly-motivated (adj) — có động cơ cao
5. appearance (n) — ngoại hình
6. intellectual ability (n) — khả năng trí tuệ
7. maturity of outlook (n) – có quan điểm trưởng thanh
8. interpersonal skills (n) — kỹ năng giao tiếp
9. willingness to learn (n)— sự sẵn sàng học hỏi
10. qualifications (n) — phẩm chất, năng lược
11. attitude to work (n) — thái độ làm việc
12. skills and general ability (n) — kỹ năng và khả năng chung

* Describing jobs
1. social prestige (n) — uy tín xã hội
2. social usefulness (n)— hữu ích xã hội
3. high job satisfaction (n) — có sự hài lòng với công việc cao
4. good pension (n) — lương hưu cao
5. risk (n) — sự rủi ro
6. variety of job activities (n) — đa dạng các hoạt động công việc
7. high/low pay (n) — lương cao/thấp
8. long/expensive training (n) — đào tạo dài/tốn kém

50
II. IELTS-STYLE SPEAKING TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. Are you a student or a worker?
Currently,I am an six-teen student studying at Tri Duc high school in HCM city, Vietnam.

2. Why did you choose your (future) major/your job?

A: I chose it simply because...
The reason why I decided on...is that...
Nếu lý do là ngành học mơ ước, bạn nên trả lời:
I am really into ..., and I always believe that I was born for...,and my dream is to be a/an………...one day.
Ngành học có xu hướng phát triển phổ biến :
It is well acknowledged that……………... is a big trend,so I believe that an increasing number of people will
devote themselves into this area.
Ngành học có triển vọng trong tương lai
Personally, I strongly believe that the sector of ……………….. will bepromissing/highly demanded/ a
sunrise industry.
Nối tiếp sự nghiệp gia đình:
The biggest reason is that my father is a successful businessman, and I plan to follow in his footsteps after
graduation.

3. How do you like your major/job?

A: Generally, the best thing about my job is ...simply/mainly because...
· Boost my people skills (nâng cao kỹ năng giao tiếp)- Ex : I enjoy interacting/communicating/mingling
with different types of clients.
· Expand my social network (mở rộng quan hệ xã hội) - Ex : I may establish a sound relationship in this
area.
· Meet my requirements (đáp ứng các nhu cầu) - Ex : Financial security (đảm bảo vấn đề tài chính)
· Promotion opportunity (Cơ hội thăng tiến)- Ex : Self-improment (Hoàn thiện bản thân)

4. Is there anything you dislike about your major/job?

A: Honestly, the worst I have to say about my job is....since
I am a little bored with sitting in front of a computer screen all day long, and I am longing for a job that
involves dealing with people.
(trong trường hợp bạn muốn thể hiện rằng bạn khá chán khi phải ngồi màn hình máy tính hằng ngày và
mong muốn được làm một công việc có thể tiếp xúc với nhiều người hơn).
·Frankly speaking, I am currently experiencing some difficulties at work, and I want to actively look for
some breakthrough, so I have chosen to improve my competence through studying abroad.
(sử dụng trong truờng hợp bạn muốn nói rằng công việc hiện tại đem tới cho ban khá nhiều trở ngại, bạn
mong muốn được chu dông tìm kiêm sự đột phá bằng cách đi du học).

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III. IELTS QUESTIONS - PART 1
1. Are you a student or a worker?
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2. Why did you choose your (future) major/your job?
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4. Is there anything you dislike about your major/job?

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IV. IELTS QUESTION - PART 2

Describe a dream job you would like to have.

You should say:
– what it is
– why you would like to have this job
– what skills you will need to do this job
and explain why you want to have this job.

Sample answer:
Becoming a lawyer is my biggest dream. Everyone will have different career dreams, I have thought
about it many times as well. And finally, I choose a lawyer as my target in the future.

To be honest, there are many reasons why I choose a lawyer as my future job. First, I happened to be
watching a lawyer program. They can protect the interests of the poor, bring justice to the innocent, … I
see that this is very wonderful and right. They can stand up for others because of the truth and truth in
life. Second, if I become a lawyer, I can also protect my family and the people I love.

Therefore, in order to fulfill my dream, I tried hard to get into Law University. After that, I will aim to
graduate with a good diploma. I know that lawyers are a high-pressure field with many challenges. But I
love and will forever choose this job. I will fulfill my life’s dream!

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 Describe a dream job you would like to have.
You should say:
– what it is
– why you would like to have this job
– what skills you will need to do this job
and explain why you want to have this job.

Your Answer:
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WRITING
4.0

1
UNIT 1: Change and consequences ........................................... 1

UNIT 2: The important of the past ........................................... 17

UNIT 3: Machines, cycles and processes ................................. 32

UNIT 4: Education ................................................................... 48

UNIT 5: Youth ......................................................................... 66

2
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 VOCABULARY AND STRUCTURE
TASK 1
I. Vocabulary
steadily một cách đều đặn
gradually dần dần
fluctuate (v) dao động/ lúc tăng lúc giảm
downward (adv) giảm
slightly (adv) nhẹ
levelled off chững lại
climb (v) tăng
decline (v) giảm
suddenly (adv) một cách bất thình lình
noticeable (adj) đáng chú ý
significantly (adv) một cách đáng kể
remarkably (adv) một cách nhanh chóng
decreased (v) giảm
dramatically (adv) một cách nhanh chóng
wildly (adv) một cách không nhất quán
sharply (adv) một cách rõ ràng
by contrast trái lại
followed by theo sau là
rocket (v) tăng nhanh
double (v) gấp đôi
nearly/round/ approximately xấp xỉ

II. Structure :
There + BE + a/an + adjective + noun.
S + V + adverb
Examples:
The consumption of chocolate fell steadily. (verb + adverb)
There was a steady fall in the consumption of chocolate.
(there was a + adjective + noun)
There has been a dramatic rise in the production of films.
(there has been a + adjective + noun)
The production of films has risen dramatically. (verb + adverb)

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TASK 2:
1. Vocabulary
Advantage (n) thuận lợi
Benefit (n,v) lợi ích, làm lợi cho (v)
Disavantage (n) bất lợi
Cause (n) nguyên nhân
Solution (n) giải pháp
View (n) quan điểm
measure (n) biện pháp
Drawback (n) bất lợi
reason (n) lí do
Step (n) bước, cấp bậc
Consequences (n) hậu quả, kết quả
Effect (n) sự ảnh hưởng
Attempt Cố gắng
preserve Bảo tồn
hinder Cản trở
outweigh Có nhiều tác dụng hơn
To cope with Đối mặt với
underprivileged Bị thiệt thòi
Become extinct Trở nên tuyệt chủng
overcrowding Quá tải
skyscraper Tòa nhà chọc trời
gym facilities Cơ sở tập thể dục thể hình
massage therapies Liệu pháp massage
Be under strain = Căng thẳng
under pressure

2. Structures

A further step is to……… Một bước nữa là để……

For example/ for instance ví dụ, chẳng hạn như…
As a result Kết quả là…
By doing this Bằng cách làm điều đó
I think the most obvious solution is ……… Tôi nghĩ giải pháp rõ ràng nhất là….
And và
So Vì vậy
Since/because Bởi vì
In order to Để mà
Therefore /Consequently Do đó

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If Nếu
Futhermore/Moreover /In addition Thêm vào đó
Another/further + Cách giải quyết khác là…./ thêm vào
solution/step/possibility/measure/approach/way đó cách tiếp cận khác là ….
is to ...

PRACTICE TEST 1
TASK 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The graph below shows the changing patterns of access to modern technology in
homes in the UK (expressed in percentage terms).
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make
comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words

Task 1. Checklist
1 Paraphrase the rubric in the introduction, i.e, change the words and the structure where
possible.
2 Write an overview after your introduction or at the end.
3 Include all the data at the beginning and ends of lines.
4 Use linking devices.
5 Use nouns and verbs to describe the trends.
6 Write at least 150 words.
7 Use at least three paragraphs.
8 Check your answer for mistakes.

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Task 2: You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Write about the following
topic:
People often find it difficult to adapt to new situations in their lives.Why do you think
this is? What measures can you suggest to make it easier?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own
knowledge or experience.
Write at least 250 words.
Possible answers:
Causes: + new situations bring new challenges.
+ many changes often come at the same time.
Possible pattern: + The first reason is that…..
+ One reason is that ….
+ Another reason is that….
+ On the one hand, …..
+ Moreover, another is that…..
Solutions:
+ Finding information
+ be patient and not expect everything to work out perfectly at the beginning.
Possible pattern: One key to dealing with …………….is………..
Another measure is……………….
We can solve this problem by + Ving…

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 A good idea would be to……………….
By doing this, …………………………

Introduction
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 VOCABULARY AND STRUCTURE
I. TASK 1
1. Vocabulary
a broader range of + N một phạm vi rộng hơn
whereas trong khi đó
in comparison with /compared with + N So sánh với
be equally popular with +N Phổ biến ngang bằng với
be fairly popular with +N Khá phổ biến với
the greatest number of + N Số lớn nhất trong
In general, Thông thường
the older /younger age bracket /the older/younger Trong độ tuổi lớn hơn/trẻ hơn
age group
one of the age groups Một trong những nhóm tuổi

2. Structures
* So sánh hơn với danh từ
more Noun 1 than Noun 2: nhiều hơn
E.g: More males than females choose the TV.
Fewer Noun 1 than noun 2: ít hơn
E.g: Fewer females than males choose the TV.
* So sánh hơn với tính từ
more + tính từ dài + than
E.g: The TV was more popular among males than females.
less + tính từ + than
The TV was less popular among females than males.
* So sánh nhất với tính từ
The most/least + tính từ
E.g: The most popular form of communication was the Internet.
* So sánh bằng với danh từ
As many + N as + N : nhiều bằng nhau
Hoặc Not as many as N: không bằng nhau
E.g: + Almost as many females as males chose the tablet.
+ Not as many males as females chose the radio.

TASK 2
1. Vocabulary and structures
analyse Phân tích
do basic sorting Thực hiện phân tích cơ bản
concrete office blocks Những tòa nhà văn phòng kiên cố
trigger an interest in sth Khơi dậy sự quan tâm đến cái gì
enrich Làm giàu
monuments and statues Đài tưởng niệm và bức tượng
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heritage Quyền sở hữu
be saved for ….. Được bảo vệ cho….
emphasize Nhấn mạnh
a wider view of Một cái nhìn rộng hơn về
do basic research Làm nghiên cứu cơ bản
using modern technology Sử dụng công nghệ hiện đại
represent Đại diện cho
the primary role Vai trò chính
broadens the minds of most people Mở rộng tâm trí của mọi người
have the potential to narrow the minds of Có khả năng thu hẹp tâm trí của một số
some người
lead to a better understanding of Dẫn đến việc hiểu biết tốt hơn về….
Aboilish the mornachy Bỏ chế độ quân chủ
gives insights into different ways of life Đưa ra những quan điểm khác nhau về cuộc
sống
investigation Điều tra
interpretation Diễn dịch, phiên dịch
thinking skills Kĩ năng tư duy
Last but not least Cuối cùng nhưng không kém phần quan
trọng

PRACTICE TEST 2
Task 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The graph below shows the contribution of three sectors - agriculture, manufacturing
and business and financial services - to the UK economy in the twentieth century.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make
comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.

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Task 2
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.
Write about the following topic:
To some people studying the past is the best way to help young people function well in
the modern world. To what extent do you agree or disagree? What other measures
could be effective in helping young people to function well in the modern world?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own
knowledge or experience.
Write at least 250 words.

Task 2. Checklist
1. Before you start writing, decide how many paragraphs (usually about 5, including an
introduction and conclusion) you are going to have.
2. Use trigger words like because, the reason is to get some ideas for possible causes.
3. Look at your causes and think of one or two measures to go with each particular
cause.
4. Keep the introduction short - no more than two or three sentences.
5. Write a conclusion, summarizing your essay.

Possible answer:
* Agree:
+ History teaches children not just facts, but a range of skills. For example, they can
learn
how to analyse material, do basic sorting and research can help young people to operate
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+ Studying history may trigger an interest in other subject areas. This, in turn, may lead
to different hobbies.
+ History helps us understand change. It records and helps people understand success
and failures. Through these studies people can learn about change and how others are
affected by it.
* Disagree: + History is a subject that is rarely used in people’s lives so it would be
better to focus on science and technology which is more relevant to the future and
today’s society.
+ Studying history is a waste of time: need to memorise dates, names, and facts. This
information is not useful in everyday life or future life.

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 VOCABULARY AND STRUCTURES
Task 1:
1. VOCABULARY
wood gỗ
plastic nhựa
cement Xi măng
bricks gạch
diamonds Kim cương
metal Kim loại
leather Lông vũ
glass Thủy tinh
rubber Cao su
Manufacture (v) Sản xuất
Limestone Đá vôi
ingredient Thành phần
extract Ép
cool with blasts of cold air Làm mát với luồng khí lạnh
Moisture Độ ẩm
Condense (v) Cô đặc
tiny nhỏ
obtain Đạt được
prototype Mẫu vật
mass-produce Sản xuất hàng loạt
distribute Phân phát
Seams of coal Vỉa than
Form (v) Tạo hình
First of all/At first/ Đầu tiên
be delivered Được giao đến
After that Sau đó
be added Được thêm vào
Otherwise Nếu không thì
At the next stage of the process Bước tiếp theo của quá trình
bake Nung, nướng
Pipe to Dẫn qua đường ống đến….
a heat recovery steam generator Máy tạo hơi nước thu hồi nhiệt
convert …A ….into……B…. Chuyển từ cái gì thành cái gì
a series of stages Một chuỗi những giai đoạn

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Task 2:

the traditional practical skills Các kĩ năng thực hành truyền thống
over-reliant (adj) Quá phụ thuộc
have an impact on Có sự tác động đến
with the aim of Với mục đích
for this reason Vì lí do đó
as a consequence Dẫn đến điều gì
hence Do đó
which leads to Điều này dẫn đến
which means that Điều này có nghĩa là

PRACTICE TEST 3
Task 1: You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The diagram below shows how salt is removed from sea water to make it drinkable.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where
relevant.
Write at least 150 words.

Suggested words/ phrases

The intake of water/take in water,
filter/filtration, return,
force through,
remove/removal,
treat/treatment,
tore/storage,
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distribute/distribution

Salt water intake: ống dẫn nước muối

Pre - treament filter: bộ lọc tiền xử lý
Membrance: màng lọc
High pressure: áp suất cao
Post-treament filter: bộ lọc sau xử lý
Lime: vôi
Chlorine: clo
Flouride: flo
Storage: nơi lưu trữ
Intergrated water supply system: hệ thống cung cấp nước tích hợp
Water molecules: phân tử nước
Impurities: tạp chất
Filter backwash: lọc rửa ngược
sea water concentrate: nơi tập trung nước biển
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TASK 2
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.
Write about the following topic:
The widespread use of the Internet has brought many problems. What do you think are the main
problems connected with using the web? What solutions can you suggest?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or
experience.
Write at least 250 words
Suggested words/ phrases

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leads to,
result in,
causes something to happen,
has a big/significant impact on,
plays an important role in (+ ing)

Possible answers
Problems: + widespread use of the Internet is related to new and innovative devices like
smartphones and computers, and we replace those devices more frequently than ever.
+ social media, online games, chat rooms are contributing to digital addictions among many
teenagers.
+ people are becoming less active, both socially and physically, due to increased screen time.
Solutions:
+ parents should encourage their children to take part in outdoor activities, and restrict their
screen time.
+ we should buy new electronic devices only when this is absolutely necessary.
+ the use of the Internet in schools and workplaces should be monitored
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 VOCABULARY AND STRUCTURES
TASK 1
qualifications bằng cấp
the academic resources các cơ sở học thuật
the sports facilities các cơ sở thể thao
lecturers giảng viên
postgraduate sau đại học
the university's reputation danh tiếng của trường đại học
respectively (adv) lần lượt là
academic journals tạp chí khoa học
compared to/ in comparison with so sánh với
the overwhelming majority of phần lớn
figure con số
appear to be slightly different có vẻ hơi khác một chút
a hefty 67 per cent hơn 67%
meanwhile trong khi đó
the proportion of tỉ lệ phần trăm của…
show similar trends có xu hướng tương tự
the vast majority of đại đa số
enrolment việc ghi danh
parental income thu nhập của bố mẹ
as much/many time as nhiều hơn
three quarters/ three out of four 3/4
almost half/needy half/close to one half gần một nửa
one third/ one in three một phần ba
about one in four khoảng 1/4
just under one half chỉ dưới 1/2
just over a quarter khoảng hơn 1/4
a tiny minority thiểu số
a massive 85 per cent hơn 85%
a modest twelve per cent gần 12%
a mere twelve per cent chỉ 12%
fall to exactly three quarters giảm xuống còn 3/4
be substantially different khác nhau đáng kể
be very close to gần bằng nhau
the most striking difference sự khác biệt nổi bật nhất
as opposed to trái ngược với

TASK 2
overgeneralization tổng quát quá mức
a major factor in lifting people out of poverty một yếu tố chính giúp con người thoát khỏi
nghèo đói
55
make more links with businesses. liên kết chặt chẽ hơn với doanh nghiệp
be a necessary part of the learning process for là một yếu tố cần thiết trong toàn bộ quá
all trình học cho học sinh
pupils.
there is no doubt that không thể nghi ngờ rằng
one cannot deny that chúng ta không thể phủ nhận rằng
it is impossible to argue against the fact that không thể lập luận để chống lại thực tế rằng
there is no denying that không thể phủ nhận rằng
it is undeniable that không thể phủ nhận rằng
other people are of the opinion that những người khác có quan điểm rằng
yet other people put forward the view that tuy nhiên những người khác có quan điểm
rằng
help the brain to function better and increases giúp não hoạt động tốt hơn và tăng khả năng
coordination phối hợp
help them intellectually and also helps them to giúp đỡ họ về mặt trí tuệ và cũng giúp họ tìm
find a job được công việc
connect their research with the real world kết nối những nghiên cứu của họ với thế giới
help to develop social skills giúp phát triển kĩ năng xã hội
namely cụ thể là
entrepreneurs doanh nhân

PRACTICE TEST 4
Task 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The bar chart shows the percentage of people in the United Kingdom per age group without
any qualifications.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make
comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words

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 Task 2
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.
Write about the following topic: Some people believe that competitive sports, both team
and individual, have no place in the school curriculum. To what extent do you agree or
disagree? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own
knowledge or experience.
Write at least 250 words.
Checklist
1. Decide which side you generally agree with.
2. Write an introduction of two sentences to develop the general topic of the question.
3. Use trigger words likefor example and because to give some possible reasons. Do this for
both sides of the argument (possible reasons why competitive sports do and don't have a
place).
4. Write three main paragraphs, one for the opinion that you disagree with and two for your
own opinion. Give a reason in each one and, if you can, an example.
5. Write a conclusion of one or two sentences summarizing your opinion and giving your
main
reasons.

Suggusted ideas:
Disagree: + Team sports provide a chance to unwind and take part in an activity that
improves your fitness. If you play sports outside, you can benefit from fresh air which is said
to promote a good night’s sleep.
+ Your heart is a muscle and needs frequent exercise to help it keep fit and healthy.
+ Sport brings together a mixture of people from different communities, backgrounds,
religions and beliefs. Sport can offer a new way to meet others that you may not interact with
day to day.
+ By training frequently and working towards seasonal goals you can build your confidence
and abilities.
+ When you are physically active your mind gets a chance to unplug from daily stresses and
strains of life.

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 VOCABULARY AND STRUCTURES
TASK 1
hang around đi chơi
get into trouble gặp rắc rối
ice rink sân trượt băng
the leisure centre trung tâm giải trí
the skate park công viên trượt băng
in the nearby woods and fields ở gần rừng và cánh đồng
bypass đường tránh
industrial estate khu công nghiệp
tower blocks tòa nhà cao ốc
golf course sân golf
railway station nhà ga tàu hỏa
concert hall phòng hòa nhạc
residential khu dân cư
spectacular hùng vĩ
demolish phá hủy
Be chopped down / cut down bị đốn hạ, bị chặt xuống
witness drammatic changes chứng kiến sự thay đổi đáng kể
gave way to nhường chỗ cho…
marina bến du thuyền
be constructed được xây dựng
undergo trải qua
suburbs vùng ngoại ô
to the south of the golf course ở phía nam của sân golf
just to the north of the river mouth ngay phía bắc của cửa sông
surrounded bao quanh
industrial area khu công nghiệp
located tọa lạc
erected dựng lên
wind turbines tua -bin gió
the coastline đường bờ biển

TASK 2
justify bào chữa, biện minh
take a neutral view có quan điểm trung lập
contradiction mâu thuẫn
explanation giải thích
merit công lao, thâm niên

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a financial company công ty tài chính
deserve xứng đáng
compensates for bù đắp cho…
Nevertheless mặc dù
personally, theo quan điểm cá nhân
censore kiểm duyệt
the main driving force động lực chính
the latest technological developments những phát triển công nghệ mới nhất

PRACTICE TEST 5
Task 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The maps below show the changes that took place at the seaside resort of
Templeton between 2000 and 2013.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make
comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words

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Task 1 Checklist
1. Look at the information on the maps and note any dates given.
2. Paraphrase the task statement in the introduction.
3. Write an overview sentence to summarize the types of changes.
4. Decide on a way to organize your answer, e.g. changes in the north and changes in the
south.
5 .Write two paragraphs about the details of the changes.
6. Write a concluding paragraph summarizing the changes, if necessary

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Task 2
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Write about the following topic:
Young people are much more aware of and concerned about issues like the
environment, poverty and animal welfare than previous generations. What is your
own opinion?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own
knowledge or experience.
Write at least 250 words.

Possible answer:
+ Agree:
- young generations, has a much better understanding of the consequences of this
kind of problems.
- it can clearly be seen that national governments are trying to mitigate the negative
effects of this issues, creating new laws and regulations that protect the environment
and Animal welfare.
- the older generations weren't educated to the respect of the environment and to all
the issues that the pollution can create.

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