BA ADA Part 2 English Modern Essays Notes

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BA ADA Part 2 Modern Essays Notes

1. Pakistan and the Modern World
Q1. What was the rationale of Pakistan?
Q2. What were the circumstances that led to the creation of Pakistan?
Q3. Discuss the early problems of Pakistan.
Q4. Discuss Liaquat All Khan as a great orator.
Q5. What were the expectations of Liaquat All Khan from the Western World?
Answer:
Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan visited U.S.A to establish friendly
relations with that emerging power. He was given chance to address American
people at Kansas University He told them the facts behind the creation of Pakistan,
early hardships of Pakistan and future role of Pakistan for the establishment of peace
in the whole world. His wording and way of expression prove him forceful orator.
He told the logical reasons which caused creation of Pakistan. The Hindus
were great in number, politically, economically and socially. The Hindus were
stronger than the Muslims. It is doubtless that both the Hindus and the Muslims had
been living together for many centuries but hard differences of religious outlooks,
economic principles and social system could not make them one nation.
It was reasonable demand of Indian Muslims to get separate homeland for

the security of their own culture and civilization. The Hindus believed in the caste
system whereas the Muslims believed in the equality of men. The Hindus differed
sharply from the Muslims. Pakistan had to face back-breaking hardships in the early
stage of its life.

Liaquat Ali Khan tells them that Pakistan, a poor and new born democracy,
has many expectations from America. The Americans should help Pakistan in every
field of life so that Pakistan may contribute to the world peace. The Americans must
do something constructive and practical to raise the standard of life of the Pakistanis.
The Americans must help Pakistan in industry, science and technology.
To sum up the whole discussion it would not be wrong to say that Liaquat Ali
Khan presented his point of view argumentatively and forcefully. He argued that
stable democratic Pakistan would play important role for the establishment of peace
everywhere in the world.
2. The Eclipse
Q1. How was the reaction of people about Solar Eclipse?
Q2. What is the significance of the conclusion that “The whole fabric of
civilization" was modeled and molded?
Q3. Write a note on the scene / graphic picture of Solar Eclipse.
Q4. Discuss of significance of the Sun in human life.
Answer:
Virginia Wolf was one of the prominent literary figures of modern
literature. Her essay "Eclipse" discloses the importance of the sun, excitement of
people to see Eclipse sight and colourless world without the sun.
It was broadcasted that there would be Eclipse spectacle for 24 seconds
in the north of England. Everyone was excited to see it. People were traveling
towards the north on local and private transport. People of mountainous areas also
joined this procession.
A huge crowd of spectators was restless to observe this amazing scene.

The sun arose and colourized everything on the earth. There is no beauty of anything

without colours and it is the sun which gives colour to everything on earth. The
disappearance of the Sun insignifies everything.
There were clouds in the sky and the Sun was removing from its path.
Every eye was fixed on the sky. People wound their watches to count seconds and
then the sky became dark and it was modelled and moulded for a short span of time.
The sun disappeared and the whole world plunged into darkness. The people were
amazed to see the great scene of solar eclipse. The colour of everything changed and
lost its importance. In short, there is no beauty of anything without colours and there
is no colour without the sun. There were clouds in the sky and the sun.
3. Whistling of Birds
Q1. How does writer describe the departure of winter and arrival of spring?
Q2. Discuss writer's love for nature in "Whistling of Birds ".
Q3. Do you find incompatibility of death with life in "Whistling of Birds ".
Q4. How is winter compared with spring season in "Whistling of Birds "?
Answer:
D.H. Lawrence was a pure lover of nature. His essay "Whistling of Birds” is
its obvious evidence. The incompatibility of death with life has been shown through
destructive winter and constructive spring in "Whistling of Birds ".
Winter stands for death whereas spring symbolizes life. Nothing is seen but
dead bodies of lapwings, starlings, thrushes, redwings and ugliness of everything in
winter. Forests, gardens, fields and vallies lose their beauty in long winter, silence
prevails everywhere. No one likes this season. Birds migrate to other areas.
Everything looks inactive and sad because of devastation of winter.

As soon as spring sets in after long deadly season of winter, happiness returns along
with blossoming of flowers, greenery and chirping of birds. Everyone welcomes
spring with smiling face. No power can stop lamb to dance, birds to sing and animals
to enjoy the pleasures of spring. Everyone looks active, energetic and happy in
spring.
The results of both seasons uncover the reality of life and death. Both death and life
are incompatible to each other. Existence of one shows disappearance of another.
Detail discussion of seasons shows keen observation and writer's love for nature.
To conclude the whole discussion it can be said that Lawrence has shown the graphic
picture of destructive and deadly winter and constructive and pleasure giving spring
in a very beautiful and convincing manner.
4. TAKE THE PLUNGE

Q1. What details does Gloria Emerson provide of a plunge from the airplane
into space into space in her essay?
Q2. What were motives of Gloria Emerson in making jump?
Q3. How was the reaction of her colleagues when she jumped?
Q4. Describe in detail the operation of the parachute, the descend in the landing
which Gloria Emerson performs.
Answer:
Gloria Emerson was a journalist whose stories were liked by women and
children. She was weak physically. She was in inferiority complex because of her
dire eyesight, unfit back and ankle. She wanted to prove her sight brave by doing
something extraordinary.

She thought different plans but found herself unsuitable and finally decided
to jump from the airplane. She-described her plan to her colleagues but they laughed
at her decision. One of them warned her about the dangerous results of jumping from
airplane. Other remarket that she might fall down and her thin bones would turn into
pieces.
She did not lose heart and joined a parachute club at Orange. Istel, (a retired
naval soldier and organizer of this centre) encouraged and motivated her to do this
action and trained her properly. On one sunny day, at 8 am, she with a companion
boarded Cessna-180. She felt strange in her helmet, the boots and the jumping suit.
It was hard to bend, to sit and stand up. She wanted to smoke and go to the bathroom
but straps around her did not let her go. Her drillmaster took her to the doorway and
cried, "Go, now' or out ". Fortunately, the parachute opened with a plop.
She became happy to see endless sky and earth in colours and textures. The
target was a sandpit. As soon as she landed, she felt joy and pleasure on account of
her successful mission. Her collegues were happy to see her grand performance.
5. NAGASAKI AUGUST 9, 1945

Q1. Describe the everlasting effects of the nuclear explosion on the minds of
those who survived and those who read about it.
Q2. Write a note on the misery, horror and destruction caused by Atom bomb.
Q3. How does Ichimaru arouse the pity of the readers to the victims of Atom
bomb?
Q4. “Never again should these terrible nuclear weapons be used no matter what
happens "Comment.

Answer:
The Allied Forces wanted to devastate the power of enemy and the
Americans dropped atom bombs on populated Japanese cities Nagasaki and
Hiroshima, which caused limitless destruction.
The writer Ichimaru was a medical student. On a very clear day, he was ready
to go to medical school with some of his school fellows. Suddenly, they listened the
sound of B-29 Aircraft and there was a huge blast of wind after a few moments. The
sky turned from blue to black and the black rain started to fall. The writer lost his
senses.
He came into senses after some minutes and tried to go to his medical school
in Urakami. The destruction caused by Atom bomb was beggar description. Big
buildings turned into debris, houses, grounds and roads were full of dead bodies of
men, women and children: The survivors were crying for water and help. Ichimaru
was shocked at seeing the horrible destruction. His school also became the bare
Skelton and there were lying dead bodies of doctors, nurses, and his school mates.
People were busy in helping these victims but Ichimaru was hopeless about their
future. The writer stimulates politicians of the world to tackle all problems not with
the use of destructive weapons but with table talk.
"Never again should these terrible nuclear weapons be used no matter what
happens"
6. WALKING ON THE MOON

Q. Describe David R. Scott experiences in the Moon?

Answer:
Physically sensation is quite different from than that of imagined one. To

experience something new or the moon was a strange experience far the astronauts
and to tell the same to the people was even more difficult. So, both the astronauts
took the help from the same experiences with which the earth man was quite familiar.
No doubt, some of the experiences quite resembled the experiences being

done on the Earth. To drive the rover over the surface of the Moon was just like to
steer a small boat on the surface of the rough sea.
To fall on the surface of the Moon was just like a child falls on the Earth,
hurtles. Walking and stopping on the surface was quite difficult. They felt as if they
were walking on the trampoline. When they descended on the Moon, they felt
themselves free. There their weight was reduced to one sixth of the Earth. As they
moved forward they saw beautiful colors there was perfect stillness on the Moon
because of the absence of wind and sound. They made three visits on the surface of
the Moon from the L.M and each of their expedition lasted for about seven hours.
They did many experiments on the Moon. They dug and drilled its surface. The view
of the Earth from the moon was splendid.
The Moon dust was like talcum powder, it was sticking. Its smell was like that
of gun powder. When their space ship landed on the Moon, the storm of the Moon
dust raised high and it took much time to settle down. Their footprints remained
permanent as there was no rain and wind over there. They left certain objects on the
surface of the moon i.e. a plate of aluminum bearing the name of spacecraft, the date
or their mission and a list of crew. They also left a falcon feather, a clover, a statue
of a man in the space suit, a metal plate bearing the names of those who laid down

their lives for space mission and the Bible David says that even today, looking at the
moon arouses a feeling of nostalgia in him.
7. MY GRANDFATHER
Q1. What are Yeats' Impression about his grandfather as a writer in this essay?
Q2. Make a comparison between Yeats' grand father and grandmother.
Q3. Discuss the character of Yeats' grandfather.
Q4. Discuss the character of Yeats' grandmother.
Q5: What are the memories of childhood which the writer describes in his essay
“My Grandfather”?
Answer:
My Grandfather is the recollections of Yeats’ childhood. W.B Yeats has

narrated the strict personality of his discipline and principled grandfather and soft
hearted grandmother.
W. B. Yeats used to spend his summer vacation in the house of his

grandparents. Yeats was unhappy in his childhood. His grandfather was never
unkind to him but the writer used to afraid of him because of his drastic personality.
He was a man of few words. No one was frank with his grandfather. He was a man
of action and had conquered Spanish city and had also visited many countries. His
shelf was full of different things like Coral Jar of Jordan, Chinese pictures and
walking stick of ivory from India.
He was an energetic and Stout person. He had the reputation of not ordering
a thing which he could not do himself. At night, he kept a small axe with him in
order to deal with burglars. The Bible and Falconers’ Ship Wreck were his favorite

books. He had a good deal of pride in him and disliked his neighbors. Sometimes,
the writer and his uncle tried to befool grandfather. Once, one of his uncles sent him
to bring railway pass from some his friends and they were not traced by grandfather.
The writer was impressed by kind personality of his grandmother. She never
scolded the writer except once or twice. She was caring lady and had affection in her
heart for everyone. Her personality was completely different from grandfather. She
kept herself busy in domestic work. She had an artistic strain in her personality.
Writer did not like the discipline of his grandfather in his childhood but he
started loving him when he became mature. He recollected his painful memories but
he considered himself happy at the age of maturity.
8. MY TAILOR
Q1. Discuss the character of the tailor.
Q2. Why does the writer consider his tailor immortal?
Q3. Discuss the elements of humour and pathos.
Q4. How was the behaviour of the tailor with customers?
Q5. How was the life of Leacock's tailor?
Answer:
"My Tailor” is a biographical essay. Leacock has narrated the personality

of his simple, well-mannered and cheerful tailor. The writer had been visiting his
shop for the last thirty years but had cursory connection with him.
The tailor always welcomed his customers with smiling face and tried his
level best to keep his customers happy. His behaviour of showing the cloth to his
customers was also very funny. His evergreen and impressive attitude left deep

impression on writer's mind. Sometimes, he asked humourous questions from his

customers. He knew the body measurement of the writer despite he measured his
body and added something new to make him happy.
Every time the author visits his shop, he recommends to him the same cloth
and the same colour. His habits and manners are measured and calculated. It was his
habit to take his bill through correspondence. He never forgot to say good-bye to his
customers and his always happy mood left a fine impression on the writer. The writer
considered him happy person but he was unaware that the apparently "smiling face"
had also personal life which was full of challenges. He had a wife and daughter and
was fond of music and was church goer and the writer could not know but after his
death.
During the last thirty years, the writer has seen him standing at one place
and at one position. Even the tailor does not change his way of conversation. The
tailor has not changed himself a bit. Tailor’s actions and behaviour affected writer's
mind and writer could not help calling him-an immortat character.
To sum up the whole discussion it would not be wrong to say that the
peculiar qualities of simple and attractive character of the tailor make him
memorable character.
9. THE BEAULY INDUSTRY

Q1: Discuss the industry of Beauty Industry.
Q2: Comment. Beauty Industry is a success or failure.
Q3: Discuss the elements of irony and humour.
Q4: Real beauty is as much an affair of inner as of the outer self. Discuss.

Answer:
The Beauty Industry" Is a bitter satire on the artificial beautification of

women in humorous language. Women of the technological age prefer outer beauty
and spend huge amount for it. The American women have great craze for cosmetic
use and their expenses are double than the budget of India. The Witter has used the
techniques of irony and humour in this essay beautifully.
Beauty Industry is flourishing everywhere and the writer remarks

humorously and ironically that even big economic crises in America did not affect
this industry. This industry is not confined to only America but women of the whole
world are inclined towards this industry because of big change in social set up about
women status. Huxley points out ironically, that the women consider it their right to
look more attractive.
Huxley remarks in an amusing manner that in future, they will be lacking in

grandmothers European women use soap to wash their fades but today women's
freedom has provided them chances to show off them and naturally every woman
will like to be praised for her beauty. Pakistani women are also fond of cosmetics.
Therefore they are using cosmetics to look beautiful and it would not be
wrong to say that cosmetic industry is one of the profitable industries in all over the
world. The beauty Industry is a failure because it has failed to make women beautiful
internally.
Writer's focus point is to convince women to get inner beauty that makes
outer beauty as well He uncovers the condition of make-up users who look like
painted jar which has nothing inside. Sometimes the women's artificial beauty
terrifies onlookers because of over-use of make-up. It has been emphasized to
beautify inner self to be happy and to get peace.

To sum up the whole discussion it can be said that “Beauty Industry"

criticizes unwanted use of cosmetics and induces women to get inner beauty. The
essay is full of many funny and ironic remarks.
10. ARE DOCTORS MAN OF SCIENCE

Q1. Describe the differences between doctors and quacks.
Q2. Discuss Shaw's attitude towards doctors.
Q3. How do doctors behave with their patients?
Q4. Discuss the role of quacks in Pakistani society.
Answer:
In "Are Doctors Men of Science” G. B. Shaw discusses the professional

style of patients' treatment of pain killer and disease stopper medical and non-
medical practitioners. Their treatment method shows that doctoring is an art not a
science because degree holder medical doctors do not apply scientific methods in
the treatment of their patients and quacks do the same job on account of their
experience and skill.
There is no big difference between the treatment method of medical doctors

and quacks. They get skill by doing experiments on patients and the purpose of these
practitioners has become to earn money. They fleece the patients and do not treat
them properly. Shaw points out that the business of qualified doctor is to sign death
certificate officially, while the quack signs death certificate unofficially.
There are different kinds of quacks in every society and these are also found
in Pakistani society. These are hakims, bone-setters, dispensers, herbalists, spiritual
healers and skilled doctor's helpers.

It is no doubt that the treatment method of Pakistani doctors and quacks is

no more different than that of Shaw's doctors. Shaw shares a very interesting incident
of a skillful doctor who gave unconcerned medicine to an old lady who narrow
escaped from death because of the foolishness of that artful doctor.
Shaw's objection is that doctors do not apply scientific methods while

treating a patient and he is absolutely right that doctoring is an art not a science.
11. HOSTS AND GUESTS

Q1. How does Beerbohm differentiate between the host and the guest?
Q2. What according to Beerbohm is good guest ship?
Q3. Beerbohm divides mankind into two great classes host and guest. Do you
agree with him?
Q4. Discuss the qualities of a host and a guest.
Answer:
Hosts and Guests" by Max Beerbohm is an interesting essay about the

nature of hosts and guests. A host is one who invites someone on eating table and
guest is one who accepts this offer. Some are natural hosts and some are guests.
Though, majority of people wish to be guests. To offer hospitality is a positive
instinct and to accept hospitality is a negative instinct.
There are some people who are good hosts and know the manners to serve
others humbly. Similarly, a good guest is always thankful to his host. A good host
should be generous, kind, well-mannered, humble and above all respect-giver.
Similarly, there should be thankfulness, meekness and good attitude in good guests.

The writer was himself a good guest who did not like to give his edible
things to others. He was a born guest and did not like to be host. There are some
guests who are churls and parasites. These are hated by people.
The history tells that there had been bad hosts who treated their guests very
badly. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth killed Duncan and Borgias also killed all his
enemies by mixing poison in the wine. These were not hosts because a host should
be well mannered, kind and sincere with his guests.
Hospitality is the quality of human beings who have got it after a long
practice. No other creature has this quality.
12. THE BACHELOR’S DILEMMA

Q1. Discuss the problems of a bachelor.
Q2. How is a bachelor treated in functions?
Q3. How do married women, unmarried girls and married men see a bachelor?
Answer:
"The Bachelor's Dilemma” is an essay about life-of single man in

American society. The bachelor faces different types of situations on different
occasions. He feels happiness without responsibilities of married life. He does every
work according to his own will. He passes his days and nights in his own style.
He is considered a very happy person by some people and some consider

him very pitiable person. Married women see him as healthy and smart one whereas
their husbands think him women hunter and tried to keep him at arm's length.
Unmarried young girls see him a suitable catch.

There are two types of bachelors: one who has courage and attraction for
others and the second who is timid.
A bachelor leads his life between love and marriage. Sometimes, he enjoys
this type of life because he has not to fulfill requirements of his wife and children.
He eats, drinks, sleeps and wanders according to his own wish. He also feels
loneliness when he is not given importance in parties and everyone sees him in a
very awkward way. He has to take meals in hotels and faces different diseases. He
looks dissatisfied and frustrated.
To sum up the whole discussion it can be said that a bachelor's life is really
a dilemma. If there are some pleasures in bachelor's life, there are also many troubles
in a bachelor's life.
13. TOLERANCE
Q1: Discuss the importance of tolerance in day to day life.
Q2. Discuss Forster's views about tolerance.
03. What is Nazi solution and what are its drawbacks?
Q4. It is to see fanaticism in others and to forget own self. Elaborate
Answer:
Tolerance means to bear others either you like or dislike therm. Tolerance
is a great quality which is achieved with great strength. Tolerance brings peace,
harmony happiness and unity among people. Love is a fine feeling but it cannot bring
peace and stability in society. There is diversity among people due to colour, race,
language, culture and creed.

People wish to get superiority over others and history of the world is full of
battles for supremacy. World War2 destroyed Europe and people were giving
different suggestions to reconstruct it.
E.M. Forster addresses them to inculcate the habit of tolerating others for
the reconstruction and protection of civilization. Tolerance provides strength to face
the unbearable. He hates fanaticism which means to love one idea extremely and
have strong feeling of hatred against others. Fanatics consider themselves absolutely
right and only see drawbacks in others. Nazis are its clear example and their solution
was very terrible. They killed or banished their opponents. English people called
them fanatics and these English had also hatred against them.
Forster emphasizes the importance of tolerance among people and considers

love as a private matter and it is not suitable for nations. Nations need tolerance to
make progress in spite of having differences. Tolerance is a great virtue and today's
world also needs it. The Nazi solution and fanaticism should be discouraged because
these are not the proper solutions.
14. ON SAYING PLEASE

Q1. Discuss the importance of saying please in our daily life.
Q2. Describe the importance of social manners in life.
Q3. Bad and good manners are infectious for any society. Comment.
Q4. Why does the writer recommend the story of Chesterfield to the liftman
"on saying Please"?

Answer:
"On Saying Please" by Alpha of the Plough, is a moral teaching essay.

Good manners are the soul of any successful civilization. Human beings have to live
collectively and if they adopt good manners in their dealings, they can get peace,
pleasure and comfort.
On the other hand, bad manners are poisonous and infectious for any human
society. Bad manners injure the inner feelings of someone and no law can punish
any person because of bad manners. An ill-humoured person spreads anger and
irritation in society. If we encounter incivility in life, most of us become uncivil.
Good and bad manners are infectious. Once a liftman knocked down a passenger
because of not saying “top please". The liftman was arrested and trialled while no
law was used to punish passenger for his bad language. Good manners oil the
machine of life and keep it going sweetly. They fight against unpleasantness and
bitterness of life.
The word “thank you" and “please " are not heavy words but their use in
everyday life produces fruitful and pleasurable results. A person's good attitude wins
the heart of people. The soft language and respectable words for others bring
happiness for everyone.
The writer gives the example of a polite bus conductor who gave ticket to the
writer when he had not purse in his pocket. The behaviour of the conductor
impressed the writer very much.
To sum up the whole discussion it can be said that good manners are the
ornaments of someone's personality and good manners can win those hearts which
cannot be won through wealth and power.

15. TO ERR IS HUMAN

Q1. Do computers resemble human minds?
02. Non human beings and things cannot possess the faculty of reasoning:
Comment.
Q3. To what extent do computers resemble human beings?
Answer:
"To Err is Human" is a logical essay about the comparison of human mind and
computer. Human being is the best creature of universe and it is only human beings
who have unique faculty of reasoning. The computer is the production of human
mind and computer does mistakes as human beings do. Human mind is creative and
human beings learn from their mistakes. They have ability to correct themselves.
On the other hand, computers are bound to do only things which are fed to them.
Sometimes, we find mistakes in payment bills, electricity bills and in some other
files which are prepared by computers. There is no productivity in computer.
Computer can calculate and show the fed data more speedily than human beings.
These computers do not do mistakes themselves but they do mistakes because human
minds operate them. Computer is only an extension of human brain. It works at
tremendous speed. It performs many things better than man.
Human mind is not out of mistakes. It is also obvious fact that there is no animal
creature or machine which can think and use mind like human beings.
To sum up the whole discussion it can be said that computers do mistakes because
they are operated by human mind and human mind is not free from mistakes.

16. GOSSIP
Q1. Define Gossip and point out its Importance in life.
Q3. How does Gossip affect people's relation?
Q4. What is Gossip? How is it different from information?
Q5. Why is Gossip different from rumour mongering and slander?
Answer:
"Gossip" by Francine Prose, is a beautiful essay about the Importance of Gossip in

our daily life. Gossip means to pass time in fruitless conversation for enjoyment.
The writer says that there is difference between information and gossip. For
example: "John has got new job" this is information but John has been kicked out"
this is gossip.
Gossip throws light on people's ways of dress, conversation, traditions and customs.
People would like to discuss about absent persons in their conversation for time pass
and enjoyment. If they do not want to disgrace or slander others, it becomes gossip.
This is found in every society. It should be because merely seriousness causes
boredom and frustration.
Rumour mongering and slandering are negative things. They aim at injuring the
reputation or fame of a person without reason. They are socially and morally
disapproved. Rumour is a sort of misinformation and slander is a false statement
about someone. They are often the result of jealousy and enmity.
Human beings work hard bodily and mentally and they need entertainment to refresh
themselves. Gossip is a good way to share joys and feelings in a happy mood. There

should be frankness for gossip because known people do gossip and enjoy
themselves. Gossip brings people close to each other.
To conclude the whole topic, it would not be wrong to say that gossip is a friendly
and unimportant conversation and it provides people chance to laugh for some
moments. Gossip is quite different from slander and rumour mongering.
17. SCIENCE AND VALUES

Q1. What are Russell’s views about science and values?
Q2. Discuss which good things science can increase and bad things it can
diminish.
Q3. How can we eliminate poverty with science?
Q4. There are certain things that our age needs and certain things that we
should avoid; Discuss.
Q5. How does Russell prove that all fanatical creeds are harmful to Mankind?
Answer:
"Science and Values" is a logical essay about blessings of science. Russell praises
miracle performance of science for the advancement and betterment of humanity.
Science has bestowed us new machinery of growing and preserving food, quick
treatment of diseases, fast transportation and communication and research-based
education. In short, science has influenced every field of human life.
In past, people faced starvation and famine but science has helped humanity to eat
good and well. Science ends fanaticism which is harmful to mankind. Science can
be used to finish fanaticism by widening the understanding and approach of people.

Science enables people to put questions on every matter and make their ideology on
sound and confirmed knowledge
There should not be wars and science should not be used to make more and more
weapons for the destruction of mankind. Science should be used for elimination of
poverty and people should do war against it.
Science has raised the status of people and its benefits should be reached to every
corner of the world. Science can also be used to control the growing population
which is a great danger for coming generations.
To sum up the whole discussion it can be said that right use of science is beneficial
for mankind in every sense and science should be used for the advancement and
betterment of humanity.
18. SUPER
Q1. Today's world is full of super things not of supermen. Explain.
Q2. What are the writer's views about the word "Super”?
Q3."Since we no live in a world of Super-Things, we might expect them to be

made by a race of supermen". Discuss
Answer:
Super" is a light satire on the wrong use of the word" Super" in this industrial age.
The word "Super" is being used for things to show them superior to others. The
writer complains that people say super soap, super machine, super chocolate etc.
The writer feels unhappy on the-wrong use of the word 'Super'. He believes that
these super things should have been made by a race of supermen. But it is not so.
Titles were given abundantly to human beings in the past. But now titles are given

to things rather than to people. We are not proud of ourselves, but we are proud of
the things which we make.
They do not Use this word for people who make these things. For example: a tailor
sews excellent dresses and the word super is used for dresses not for tailor. In past,
people gave admirable titles to themselves. They were proud of their qualities.
At present, industrialization, advanced technology and dollar culture have changed

the priorities. There is competition of goods selling and everyone uses attractive
words for his goods to get attention of customers. The writer stresses upon making
people super and he eggs on people to get super qualities to be super in this world.
19. SOME POLICEMEN AND A MORAL

Q1. Discuss the writer's offence for which he was interrogated by the policemen.
Q2."I was let off because I proved I was a guest of very big house". Comment.
Q3. Compare the policemen of our society with the policemen of writer’s
society.
Q4. What were the policemen charges against Chesterton? Why was the writer
acquitted very soon?
Answer:
"Some Policemen and a Moral" is the depiction of corrupt police department4 of

writer's period. The writer was a journalist and bad relation with rich people. Once
he was wandering in a forest and threw his small knife on a tree time and again to
get amusement.
Two policemen reached there unexpectedly and started his investigation. The writer
was asked informative Questions because policemen did not know him. He was

charged of damaging trees. The writer told them that he was not doing it intentionally
to damage any tree. But both policemen did not agree to accept his innocence like
Pakistani police. Policemen considered him common man and tried to tease him.
The same thing we find in Pakistani police. Pakistani police arrests and teases those
who are poor and powerless. Sometimes, innocent people are disgraced by police
because police-has authority to horrify others. Unfortunately, policemen have
forgotten that their duty is to protect people instead of protecting only rich class of
society.
The writer satirizes that only names of influential and rich people are enough to
prove someone innocent. The writer introduced himself as a journalist who had
relation with wealthy people of locality. Policemen softened their attitude and
behaved him like an honourable guest.
To sum up our discussion we can say that police should abide by law and treat
everyone equally.
20. THE VITAMINS

Q1. Discuss the importance of Vitamins for our health.
Q2. How do various Vitamins keep our body fit?
Q3. What are the effects of the deficiency of Vitamins "A" and "E" on our
bodies?
Q4. Define vitamins. And tell what their two kinds are?

Answer:
"The Vitamins" is a fruitful essay regarding human health. Human beings need
different types of fruit for their growth and strength. Ever kind of fruit is a part of
some vitamins. Kenneth Walker defines vitamins;
"Vitamins are certain chemical elements necessary for health and growth of
human body"
Vitamins play a vital role in the development of our health. The experiments of a
scientist prove that human Body suffered from diseases due to absence of some
essential ingredients of the food. These essential ingredients are called vitamins. The
deficiency of certain mineral salts in human body causes deficiency diseases.
The deficiency of vitamin A causes calcification of bones and rickets. The vitamin
B is found in grains and yeast. Its deficiency causes the dangerous disease "Beriberi".
Lemons and oranges are better for vitamin C. Its deficiency brings about scurvy.
Vitamin can be got through mouth and skin. Cod liver oil and rays of the sun are
better for it.
The sterility of people can be finished through vitamin E. Vitamin E is found in

leaves and seedlings. The writer has also tried to convince people to get this vitamin
through fresh vegetables, fruit and grains instead of medicine.
To conclude the whole topic it would not be wrong to say that health can be
maintained through balanced diet and a diet which has various vitamins can be called
balanced diet.

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BA ADA Part 2 English Modern Essays Notes

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BA ADA Part 2 Modern Essays Notes

It was reasonable demand of Indian Muslims to get separate homeland for

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A huge crowd of spectators was restless to observe this amazing scene.

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Q2. Discuss writer's love for nature in "Whistling of Birds ".

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4. TAKE THE PLUNGE

Q2. What were motives of Gloria Emerson in making jump?

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5. NAGASAKI AUGUST 9, 1945

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6. WALKING ON THE MOON

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Physically sensation is quite different from than that of imagined one. To

No doubt, some of the experiences quite resembled the experiences being

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Q2. Make a comparison between Yeats' grand father and grandmother.

Q3. Discuss the character of Yeats' grandfather.

Q4. Discuss the character of Yeats' grandmother.

My Grandfather is the recollections of Yeats’ childhood. W.B Yeats has

W. B. Yeats used to spend his summer vacation in the house of his

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Q2. Why does the writer consider his tailor immortal?

Q3. Discuss the elements of humour and pathos.

Q4. How was the behaviour of the tailor with customers?

Q5. How was the life of Leacock's tailor?

"My Tailor” is a biographical essay. Leacock has narrated the personality

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impression on writer's mind. Sometimes, he asked humourous questions from his

9. THE BEAULY INDUSTRY

Q2: Comment. Beauty Industry is a success or failure.

Q3: Discuss the elements of irony and humour.

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The Beauty Industry" Is a bitter satire on the artificial beautification of

Beauty Industry is flourishing everywhere and the writer remarks

Huxley remarks in an amusing manner that in future, they will be lacking in

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To sum up the whole discussion it can be said that “Beauty Industry"

10. ARE DOCTORS MAN OF SCIENCE

Q2. Discuss Shaw's attitude towards doctors.

Q3. How do doctors behave with their patients?

Q4. Discuss the role of quacks in Pakistani society.

In "Are Doctors Men of Science” G. B. Shaw discusses the professional

There is no big difference between the treatment method of medical doctors

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It is no doubt that the treatment method of Pakistani doctors and quacks is

Shaw's objection is that doctors do not apply scientific methods while

11. HOSTS AND GUESTS

Q2. What according to Beerbohm is good guest ship?

Q4. Discuss the qualities of a host and a guest.

Hosts and Guests" by Max Beerbohm is an interesting essay about the

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12. THE BACHELOR’S DILEMMA

Q2. How is a bachelor treated in functions?

"The Bachelor's Dilemma” is an essay about life-of single man in

He is considered a very happy person by some people and some consider

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Q2. Discuss Forster's views about tolerance.

03. What is Nazi solution and what are its drawbacks?

Q4. It is to see fanaticism in others and to forget own self. Elaborate

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