ISO 14001 Environmental Management System

ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
(ISO 14001:2015)
“ We Convert knowledge into Achievements ’’

Learning objectives
➢Introduction ?
➢Environmental Pollution?
➢Air Pollution (What is Air Pollution,
Pollutants, Sources, Effects) ?
➢Water Pollution (What is Water Pollution,
Pollutants, Sources, Effects)
➢Noise Pollution (What is Noise Pollution,
Sources, Effects)?.
➢Soil Pollution (What is Soil Pollution,
Sources, Effects)?
➢Global Issues (Global Warming, Acid Rain,
Ozone Layer Depletion, Desertification and
Deforestation).
➢What is EMS? Benefits?
➢ISO 14001: 2015 Standards? Specific
Requirements for Each process?
➢Management system Internal Audit?

Introduction
Nature has provided mankind with abundant
natural wealth of flora, fauna and other
resources for symbiotic and sustainable living.
Over exploitation of nature and its resources
has resulted in a direct conflict between human
beings and different components of the
environment. The survival of the human race on
this planet depends entirely on the coexistence
of man with the nature.
However due to daily needs, Activities,

Industrial growth, Transportation, routine life
etc, we are creating pollution and exploiting our
nature with steady speed, which now become
bit fast. Which is resulting variations in
environment such as increase in temperature,
melting of glasier, Water level increase
(existence of maldiv, may not be there in
coming few years) etc.

Environmental Pollution
Pollution-The adverse impact resulting from an Organization's Activities that
create and change to the environment.
TYPES OF POLLUTION
AIR WATER LAND NOISE

POLLUTION POLLUTION CONTAMINAION POLLUTION

Air Pollution
Can be described as "the imbalance in

quality of air due to the introduction of
certain foreign substances from natural
and man made sources to the air so as to
cause adverse effects on the living and
nonliving entities present on the earth.
Atmosphere is a reservoir of
several elements and compounds that
sustains life on the planet earth.
Atmosphere mainly consists of Nitrogen
(78%), Oxygen (21%), Argon (1%), and
other minor constituents like Carbon-di-
oxide, Neon, Hydrogen, ozone, water
vapor etc.

Air Pollution
Some of the important and harmful air

pollutants.
➢Total suspended particulate matters
➢Oxides of Nitrogen and Sulphur
➢Carbon-mono-oxide and carbon-

dioxide
➢Hydrocarbons &
➢Metal contaminants

Air Pollution
Sources of Air Pollutants :
➢Emissions from Industrial

activities
➢Emissions from Automobiles
➢Burning of fossil fuels and

wood for domestic purposes
➢Natural emissions from

volcanoes, sea spray, etc.

Air Pollution
Effects of Air Pollution.
➢Eye irritation, Headache,

Breathing problems, Asthma and
wheezing problem (rattling sound
in the chest), Lung cancer,
Allergy etc
➢The normal growth and yield of

different vegetations.
➢Taj Mahal in Agra can be taken

as a live example for
demonstrating the effects of air
pollution on materials.

Air Pollution
Air Pollution Control Measures.
➢Improving process technology in

industries.
➢Implementing Superior technologies to

control emissions.
➢Reduction in the consumption of fuel

resources.
➢ Usage of alternate fuels.
➢Usage of non-conventional energy

sources
➢Afforestation Programmes

Water Pollution
Water is the most essential and vital

substance on the earth, without which living
beings would have ceased to exist.
Hydrosphere (water) constitutes about 75% of
the earth's surface in various forms. Water is
called as a "universal solvent" as it is capable
of dissolving more substances than any other
liquid, and also possesses few unique
properties, which no other solvents exhibit.
Hence water is utilized extensively in all our
activities leading to contamination of this
resource. Though, the water resource can be
termed as renewable resource, improper
utilization and also few destructive activities
of man can make water a finite resource.

Water Pollution
WATER RESOURCE
MARINE WATER FRESH WATER

RESOURCE(97%) RESOURCE(3%)
GROUND WATER SURFACE

ICE CAPS(75%)
SOURCES(24.967%) WATER(0.33%)

Water Pollution
SOURCES:
➢Untreated effluents generating

from industrial activities.
➢Raw (Domestic Sewage) effluent

generated from domestic
activities.
➢Runoff water from agricultural

fields, containing chemicals and
Pesticides.

Water Pollution
Effects of Water Pollution

➢Polluted water can pose
serious health hazards like
Cholera, Jaundice, Malaria etc
on humans and other living
organisms.
➢Potability (drinking) of water

decreases rendering it
unsuitable for utilization.

Water Pollution
Effects of Water Pollution

➢Polluted water can pose serious health
hazards like Cholera, Jaundice, Malaria
etc on humans and other living
organisms.
➢Potability (drinking) of water decreases

rendering it unsuitable for utilization.
➢Usage of contaminated water to

agricultural purposes would affect crops
with respect to growth and yield.
➢Water Contaminants can affect the

structure and functioning of an aquatic
ecosystem.

Water Pollution
Water Pollution Control

Measures
➢Pollution control at source.
➢Adopting suitable methods

for treatment of effluents
generated during industrial
and domestic activities.
➢Adopting technology for

recycling, reuse and recovery
of wastewater .

Noise Pollution
The current trend of urbanization
and industrialization has given rise
to a new form of pollution called
"Noise Pollution". Noise can be
defined as the unwanted,
unpleasant or disagreeable sound
that causes discomfort
Sources of Noise Pollution

➢Industrial activities contributing
towards noise generation
➢Noise emanating from
automobiles (includes road, rail
and air traffic)
➢Noise generating from
Community activities

Noise Pollution
EFFECTS
➢sudden and loud noise may break
materials made of glass
➢Noise usually interferes in speech and
communication.
➢Exposure to continuous loud noise
leads to Headache, Stress, Irritation,
Sleep interference, Temporary deafness,
Partial and Complete Deafness.
CONTROL
➢Periodic maintenance of noise
generating equipments
➢Usage of silencers and mufflers
wherever possible
➢Sound proofing of noise generating
equipments.

Noise Pollution
➢When noise could not be

curtailed (reduced) at source,
some of the measures could be
taken to control noise at the site of
reception.
➢Usage of earplugs and earmuffs.
➢Growing of vegetation near the

noise source reduces noise.
➢General awareness to the

community residents

Soil Pollution (Land Contamination)
This can be defined as the presence
of certain substances in the soil,
which affects the fertility of soil and
makes the land unfit for cultivation.
These substances can be generated
either from anthropogenic or natural
activities
Sources
➢Release of effluents from the
Industrial activities
➢Solid wastes generated in the urban
areas.
➢Usage of excess of Fertilizers and
Insecticides.
➢Improper agricultural practices

Soil Pollution (Land Contamination)
Effects of Soil Pollution
➢Loss of fertile land for cultivation
➢Affects the growth of plants on the

contaminated soil.
➢Bio-magnification of certain toxic

chemicals if present in the soil.
➢Presence of certain heavy metals and

other nuclides in the contaminated soil
affects animals and humans through
food chain.

Global Environmental Issues
All the activities contributing towards

contamination of the environment have
their impacts felt locally or globally.
Local effects may not be of much
concern worldwide. However, there are
few activities whose impacts are felt
globally and these are termed as
"Global Environmental Issues".

Global Environmental Issues
Some of these issues that are of

serious concern
➢Global Warming
➢Acid Rain
➢Ozone Depletion
➢Desertification
➢Deforestation.

Global Warming
The progressive warming up of the

earth's surface due to blanketing
effect caused by the presence of
certain gases in the atmosphere is
known as "Global Warming". This
phenomenon is termed as "Green
house gas effect".
Some of the important and potential

green house gases (GHG) :
➢Carbon-dioxide
➢Methane
➢Nitrous oxide
➢Chloro fluoro carbons (CFC's)

Global Warming
Sources of Green House Gas

Emissions
➢Fossil fuel based Power Plants,
➢Emissions from automobiles,
➢Emissions from Industrial

activities,
➢Burning of Fossil fuels and

Hydrocarbons

Global Warming
Impacts of Global Warming
➢Mean ambient temperature is expected to increase by about 1

degree Celsius per decade.
➢Increased temperature would accelerate the process of melting of

Icecaps and other snow bound regions.
➢Consequently, some of the low-lying areas, cities adjacent to the

river course and some of the islands would be inundated (flooded)
with water.
➢Increased temperature would also cause disturbance in the

meteorological phenomenon inducing more cyclones, hurricanes,
drought etc.

Global Warming
Strategies to reduce GHG Emissions
➢Reduce consumption of fossil fuel based
energy
➢Improve efficiency in fossil fuel based

energy production
➢Reduction of GHG emissions from

automobiles and industrial activities
➢Promote Renewable energy production

technologies
➢Reduction in deforestation and increase

of afforestation Programmes

Acid Rain
Rainfall is termed "acidic", when the

pH of rainfall is less than
5.6.(Literally it means the presence
of excessive acids in rain water.)
Gases responsible for the formation

of acid rain are :
➢ Sulphur-dioxide
➢Carbon -dioxide
➢Nitrous oxide
➢Other oxides of nitrogen and
sulphur

Acid Rain
Sources of Emissions:
➢Fossil fuel based Power Plants,
➢Emissions from automobiles,
➢Emissions from Industrial activities,
➢Burning of Fossil fuels and Hydrocarbons
Formation of Acid Rain :
Sulphuric Acid : Nitric Acid :

S + O2 -----→ SO2 NO + O3 ---→NO2 + O2
2SO2 + O2 ----→ 2 SO3 NO2 + O3 --→ NO3 + O2
SO3 + H2O ---→ H2SO4 NO3 + NO2 --→ N2O5

Acid Rain
Impacts of Acid Rain
➢Damage leaves of plants and trees and
retards their growth.
➢ Increase in the acidity of soil and thereby

affects soil chemistry and biology.
➢Alters the pH of water in lakes and ponds,

which in turn affects the flora and fauna
and their interrelationship.
➢Causes extensive damage to buildings

and other structural materials made of
marble, limestone, slate etc.
(Taj Mahal, in India is being affected by
acid rain extensively)

Acid Rain
Strategies to reduce Acidic Emissions

➢Reduce consumption of fossil fuel based energy
➢Improve efficiency in fossil fuel based energy production
➢Improving the quality of fossil fuels used
➢Reduction of acidic emissions from automobiles and

industrial activities
➢Promote Renewable energy production technologies

Ozone Layer Depletion
The role of ozone layer is very crucial and significant
because it acts as a protective shield in the bio-spheric
ecosystem against their exposure to deadly and dangerous
ultra violet radiations (UVR).
The chloro fluoro Carbons (CFC's) released due to

anthropogenic activities, react with the ozone molecules
present in the stratosphere, and in turn strips an atom from
the ozone molecule turning into ordinary oxygen. This kind
of continuous reaction leads to the depletion of ozone
molecules forming ozone hole.
These ozone holes facilitate the passage of Ultra Violet

radiations into the earth.
Ozone Depleting Substances
Freon -11, 12, 22
Freon - 113, 114, 115
Halon - 1211, 1301, 2402
Carbon Tetra Chloride
Other Chloro fluro carbons (CFC's)
Sources of CFC Usage &
Emissions
➢ Air conditioners
➢ Refrigerators
➢Fire Extinguishers
➢Perfumes and spray cans
➢Water Coolers

Effects of Ozone Depletion
➢Exposure to UV radiations triggers genetic variations
and in turn leading to mutations.
➢Exposure to UV radiations affects the immune system of

the organisms.
➢ Exposure to UV radiations can lead to skin cancer.
➢UV radiations cause damage to eyes and other

associated organs.
➢Depletion of Ozone would affect the ecosystem

productivity & stability enormously.
Strategies to protect
Ozone layer
➢Reduction in the
consumption of Ozone
depleting substances.
➢Usage of substitutes for

CFC's.

Desertification
Desertification is a
phenomenon during which, the
fertile lands becomes degraded
due to anthropogenic and
natural factors. This degraded
land becomes unfit for
cultivation.
This phenomenon is extensively

observed in the borders of the
desert regions. The main cause
for this can be attributed to
Deforestation and Soil Erosion
Deforestation and Depletion of Natural Resources
Excessive felling of trees leads to
deforestation. The total forest area
of the world was estimated to be
around 7000 million hectares (mh)
in the year 1900. However, by the
year 1975 it was reduced to 2890 mh
and expected to be 1200mh by 2017.
The process of forest destruction is

a worldwide tragedy. It is estimated
that a forest cover of the size of
Cuba is being destroyed every year.
The yearly losses are estimated to
be between 15 million hectares to
20 million hectares.
What is EMS?
This is a system of managing environment, which ;
➢Means to ensure effective use of resources and

Prevention of Pollution
➢Management commitment to compliance with

applicable Laws, Regulations and Other
Requirements
➢Opportunity for continual improvement of

environmental performance
Applicability
➢ This Management System is

applicable to each
organization irrespective of
size, type and location.
➢ Company wishing to establish,
implement, maintain and
improve and Environment
management system. Assuring
conformity to self stated
environment Policy.
➢ Seeking confirmation of its
conformance by interested
parties such as customer/
external bodies.

Objective
➢ Adding Value
➢ Creating Future
for successors.
➢ Prevention of
Global Issue.

Features of a Successful EMS
➢Enhanced Commitment
➢Good understanding /Solution of the
issues.
➢Training and Awareness Raising.
➢Strong Communications
➢Focus on environmental performance
improvement
➢Integrates with existing management
systems
➢Good planning - flexible
➢Monitored and maintained
➢Practical for all levels of the
organisation

Why to Implement EMS
➢To Improve management of environmental impacts

➢Set targets to reduce energy use, water use & waste to landfill
➢Initiate and maintain procedures to improve efficiencies including:
Environmentally friendly purchasing procedures
Preferred business travel option
➢Monitor and measure environmental performance against key indicators
➢Regularly assess progress towards achieving set objectives
➢Ensure due diligence and ongoing consideration of legal and other
environmental requirements

Why to Implement EMS
➢Contribute to preferred employer status

➢Achieve cost savings
➢Show leadership, nationally and/or
internationally
➢Obtain competitive advantage
➢May be required by clients, customers
and/or regulators
➢Build goodwill from customers and
stakeholders

Drivers for EMS Implementation
Drivers for EMS Implementation

Legislation
Directives and Regulations, Pollution Control Board
Financial
Energy Efficiency
Waste Minimisation
Process Optimisation
Market Differentiation/open new markets
Reducing the risk of fines and other costs

Clean up costs
Taxes and levies
Stakeholders and customers

Benefits of Implementing EMS
Tangible
➢Reduction in raw materials
required
➢Improved Safety
➢Increased Efficiency
➢Reduced Energy Cost
➢Increased Environmental
Performance
➢Reduction in waste generation

In-Tangible
➢Reduce risk & liabilities
➢Improved Public image
➢Improved Staff motivation
➢Improved customer loyalty
➢Healthy and safe working
conditions.

➢Increase revenues through reduced
costs
➢ Consolidate market position
➢ Raise barriers for competitors
➢ Open new markets
➢ Foster better relationships
➢ Better control of environmental
liabilities
➢ Reduce liabilities passed through to
customers
➢ Reduced regulatory burden
➢ Environment considered in strategy
➢ Business excellence – increase
investment appeal

3 P for Organization
3P for Organisation
Earn adequate profit to
sustain
Profit
Protecting the environment

Planet People
Operating in society
responsible manner

47
ISO 14001 - 2015
10 Improvement
10.1 General
10.2 Nonconformity and corrective action
10.3 Continual improvement
9 Performance evaluation 4 Context of Organization

9.1 Monitoring, measurement, analysis and 4.1 Understanding the organization and its context
evaluation 4.2 Understanding the needs & expectations of interested parties
9.1.1 General 4.3 Determining the scope of the EMS
9.1.2 Evaluation of compliance 4.4 Environmental management system
9.2 Internal audit Continual
9.2.1 General
9.2.2 Internal audit program Improvement
9.3 Management review
5 Leadership
8 Operation 5.1 Leadership and commitment
8.1 Operational planning and control 5.2 Environmental policy
8.2 Emergency preparedness and response 5.3 Organizational roles, responsibilities and authorities
7 Support
7.1 Resources 6 Planning
7.2 Competence 6.1 Actions to address risks and opportunities
7.3 Awareness 6.1.1 General
7.4 Communication 6.1.2 Environmental aspects
7.4.1 General 6.1.3 Compliance obligations
7.4.2 Internal communication 6.1.4 Planning action
7.4.3 External communication 6.2 Environmental objectives and planning to achieve them
7.5 Documented information 6.2.1 Environmental objectives
7.5.1 General 6.2.2 Planning actions to achieve environmental
7.5.2 Creating and updating objectives
7.5.3 Control of documented information

PDCA
PDCA

The New
The New ISO
ISO 14001
14001 Standard
Standard
• The revised ISO 14001 was published on
15th Sept 2015.
• Some changes are:
• Structure same as ISO 9001 & other
Management System Standards (MSS)
incorporating High Level Structure format
• Context, Leadership, Planning, Support,
Operation, Performance, Improvement

How Does The New ISO14001-2015 Work?
What are the Environmental Issues?

Planned or Env Aspects w/
Outsourced Risks & Legal
Unplanned Product Life Cycle Significant Potential
Processes Opportunitie Requirement
Changes (transportation, end Aspects Emergencies
8.1 s- General s
6.1.2 of life, disposal) 6.1.2 8.2 & 6.1.2
6.1.1 6.1.3
6.1.2, 8.1
How are they managed?

Communicate Req’ts to Env Planning
Env Req’ts for
- outsourced processes requirement Competenc Operational Action Targets & Emergency
the Design &
- contractors e 7.2 &
- other (re: stages of Life s for Development Controls (to Address Objectives Response
Procuremen of product/ Awareness 8.1 6.1) 6.2.1/6.2.2 Plans 8.2
Cycle)
t service 7.3 6.1.4
How are they checked on?

Monitoring & Compliance Emergency
EMS Audits Evaluations Drills
Measurement
9.2 9.1.2 8.2
9.1.1
How are “issues” fixed and improved?

Management
Corrective Review
Action 10.1 9.3

RISK BASED THINKING
Risk : Effect of uncertainty on objectives
o The ISO14001:2015 requires the organization to plan and

implement actions to address risks and opportunities.
o Addressing both risks and opportunities establishes a basis for
increasing the effectiveness of the management system,
achieving improved results and preventing negative effects.
o The organization is responsible for deciding which risks and
opportunities need to be addressed.

3. Terms and Definitions
Compliance Obligations (preferred term)
Legal requirements and other requirements (admitted term) legal requirements that an organization
has to comply with and other requirements that an organization has to or chooses to comply with
Risk
Effect of uncertainty
Risks and Opportunities

Potential adverse effects (threats) and potential beneficial effects (opportunities)
Life Cycle
Consecutive and interlinked stages of a product (or service) system, from raw material acquisition or
generation from natural resources to final disposal
Process
Set of interrelated or interacting activities which transforms inputs into outputs

Big Changes
1) 4.1- Understanding the Organization and its context - by determining –
A) External circumstances – political, regulatory, international, national, etc.
B) Internal characteristics (i.e., strategic direction, culture, capabilities)
C) Environmental conditions – that could affect the organization (climate,
natural resource availability, etc.)
2) 4.2 - Understanding the Needs of Interested Parties. Who are the
interested parties relevant to the EMS, What are their needs and
expectations
3) 5.1 - Leadership and Commitment. Top Management must demonstrate
its commitment to the EMS for a list of items, none of which are required to
be documented or recorded (but it may help)
4) 6.1.1 - Actions to address Risks and Opportunities – Must be
“determined” on issues surrounding “context” as per 4.1 and “interested
parties” as per 4.2, as well as for aspects and legal requirements

Big Changes
5) 6.1.2 - Environmental Aspects of Products – Considering life-cycle
perspective. (i.e., environmental issues associate with design, use, end of
life and disposal
6) 8.1 - Operational Controls - for product design and development for life
cycle stages AND provide information about potential significant impacts
on product delivery, use, end-of-life and disposal AND Environmental
requirements for purchasing
10.2 - No Preventive Actions formally required (it’s all corrective action)
8) 7.5 - No mention of the word records (it’s all documented information)

4.0 Context of the Organization
4.1 Understanding the organization and its context
4.2 Understanding the needs and expectations of

interested parties.
4.3 Determining the scope of the environmental

management system
4.4 Environmental Management System

4.1 Understanding the organization and its
context
• Determine the internal and external issues relevant to the EMS.
• Include environmental conditions being affected or capable of affecting the
organization
Examples include:
Env. Conditions – Climate, Air & Water Quality, Land Use, existing
contamination, natural resource availability, biodiversity, etc.
External cultural, social, political, legal, regulatory, financial,

technological, economic, natural and competitive circumstances,
whether international, national, regional, or local
Internal characteristics or conditions of the organization such as

activities, products and services, strategic direction, culture and
capabilities (i.e. people, knowledge, processes and systems.

4.2 Understanding needs and Expectations of
Interested parties
Determine
❖ Interested parties Relevant to EMS
❖ Relevant needs and expectation of
interested parties
❖ Needs becoming Compliance
obligation

4.3 Determining the Scope of the EMS
• Similar to the 2004 standard (4.1 General Requirements)
• Consider
• External and internal issues (as per 4.1)
• Compliance obligations (as per 4.2)
• Organizational units, functions and physical boundaries
• Activities, products and services
• Control and Influence
A general, overall requirement stating the org. must :
• establish, implement maintain and continually improve an EMS that
meets ISO 14001
• consider the knowledge gained in
• 4.1 - Understanding the organization and its context
• 4.2 – Understanding the needs and expectations of interested
parties

4.4 Environmental Management System
✓ Organization shall establish, implement, maintain and continually
improve an environmental management system, including the
processes needed and their interactions, in accordance with the
requirements of this International Standard. To achieve the
intended outcomes, including enhancing its environmental
performance.
✓ The organization shall consider the knowledge gained in 4.1 and

4.2 when establishing and maintaining

5.0 Leadership
5.1 Leadership and Commitment
5.2 Environmental Policy.
5.3 Organizational roles, responsibilities and

authorities

Top management shall demonstrate leadership and
commitment
a) taking accountability of EMS’s effectiveness
b) Establishment of environmental policy and environmental objectives,
compatible to strategic direction and context of the organization;
c) Integration of EMS requirements into the organization’s business
processes;
d) Availability of Resources needed
e) Communicating importance of effective EMS and conformity of
environmental management system requirements;
f) Ensuring EMS achieves its intended outcomes;
g) Directing and supporting persons to contribute effectiveness of
environmental management system;
h) promoting continual improvement;
i) supporting other relevant management roles to demonstrate their
leadership as it applies to their areas

5.2 Environmental Policy-Three Pillars
▪ Compliance
▪ Protection of the
Environment
▪ Continual Improvement Company Policy
Statement

5.3 Organizational Roles, responsibility,
Authorities
❑ Roles, responsibilities, and authorities

must be
❑ Assigned, documented, communicated
❑ Determine and provide resources needed (7.1)
❑ Top Management must assign
responsibilities for reporting on the
performance of the EMS

6.0 Planning
6.1.1 Actions to address risks and opportunities

6.1.2-Environmental aspects
6.1.3.-Compliances Obligations
6.1.4-Planning Actions
6.2 Environmental objectives and planning to achieve
them
6.2.1-Environmental Objectives
6.2.2-Planning actions to achieve Environmental
Objectives

6.1 Actions to Address Risks & Opportunities
Determine risks and opportunities associated with:
❑ - aspects
❑ - legal obligations
❑ consider Issues (external/ internal ) and needs and expectation
of interested parties.
❑ Determine potential emergencies
That needs to addressed to be
➢ give assurance that the environmental management system
can achieve its intended outcomes;
➢ prevent or reduce undesired effects, including the potential for
external environmental conditions to affect the organization;
➢ achieve continual improvement
➢ Maintain documented information of risks and opportunities
and processes needed to have confidence of carried out as per
planned

6.1.2 Environmental Aspects
➢ determine the environmental aspects and associated impacts of its
activities, products and services considering a life cycle perspective.
➢ When determining environmental aspects, consider:

a) change, including planned or new developments, and new or modified
activities, products and services;
b) abnormal conditions and reasonably foreseeable emergency situation
➢ Establish criteria for identifying significant aspects
➢ Communicate the aspects to all the concerned personnel
➢ Maintain documented information of its:

— environmental aspects and associated environmental impacts;
— criteria used to determine its significant environmental aspects;
— significant environmental aspects.

6.1.2 Environmental Aspects and Impacts
Air Emissions Energy Use
Air Pollution Fossil Fuel
Depletion
Land Fill Space
Minerals
Depletion
Transportation
Air Pollution Wastewater
Water Pollution

6.1.2 Significant Aspects
6.1.2

6.1.3 Compliance Obligations
Determine compliance obligations

Have access to them
Determine how they apply
Take them into account

❖ Fire NOC
❖ The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Act, 1974
❖ The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Rules, 1975 amended 1987
❖ The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Cess Act, 1977,
❖ The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Cess, Rules, 1978, amended
2003
❖ The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Act, 1981
❖ The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Rules, 1982
❖ The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
❖ The Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986
❖ The Hazardous and other Wastes (Management and Transboundary
Movement) Rules, 2016
❖ Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical Rules, 1989, as
amended in 2000

❖ Bio-medical waste (Management and Handling) Rules 2016

❖ Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules 2000
❖ Ozone Depleting Substances (Regulation and Control) Rules 2000
❖ Municipal Solid Wastes (Management & Handling Rules), 2016
❖ Batteries (Manufacture & Handling) Rules 2001
❖ E-Waste Management and handling Rules 2016
❖ The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991
❖ The Public Liability Insurance Rules, 1991

6.1.4 Planning Actions
Plan:
to take actions to address its:
1) significant environmental aspects;
2) compliance obligations;
3) risks and opportunities identified by the organisation
how to:
1) integrate and implement the actions into its
environmental management system processes or other
business processes;
2) evaluate the effectiveness of these actions
When planning these actions, the organization shall

consider its technological options and its financial,
operational and business requirements.

6.2.1 Environmental Objectives
Establish Environmental Objectives and Targets at relevant functions

and levels within the organisation.
The objectives shall be:

- S
- M
- A
- R
- T
Documented information on the environmental objectives shall be
maintained.
Shall consider
- Compliance obligations
- significant environmental aspects
- risks and opportunities

6.2.2 Objectives and Planning Action
Objectives—Result to be achieved:
- Consistent with Environmental Policy
- Considering Sig Aspects, Legal Req’ts &
Risks/Opportunities
Planning Actions (Programs): What will be

done, Resources, responsible party & Due
Date

6.2.2 Objectives and Planning Action
Examples of Objectives

7.0 SUPPORT
7.1 Resources
7.2 Competence
7.3-Awareness
7.4-Communication
7.5-Documented Information

7. 1 Resources
7.1 Resources
The organization shall determine and provide the resources needed for
the establishment, implementation, maintenance and continual
improvement of the environmental management system.
Resources can include human resources, natural resources,

infrastructure, technology and financial resources

7.2 Competency, 7.3- Awareness
7.2: Determine
1) the necessary competence
2) ensure competence
3) training needs
4) take action to acquire competency
7.3: Ensure persons are aware of
1) the environmental policy
2) Significant Aspects of their work
3) Benefits of improved personal performance
4) Implications of NOT conforming to the EMS (including
compliance obligations)
7.4 Communication 7.4.2 Internal Communication
7.4.3-External Communication
▪ Internally communicate information relevant
to the EMS among the various levels and
functions of the organization
▪ Ensure its communication process(es)
enable(s) to contribute to continual
improvement.
▪ 7.4.3 External Communication

▪ Externally communicate information relevant
to the EMS and as established by the
communication process(es) and as required
by its compliance obligations.

7.5 DCOUMENTED INFORMATION
7.5.1 General
- What ever is required by ISO 14001
- What ever is needed for EMS
effectiveness
7.5.2 Creating and Updating

- Ensure identification
- Format
- review and approval
7.5.3 Control of Documented Info

- available, suitable, protected,
- distribution, access, retrieval, use
- storage, preservation, change control,
retention & disposition
- external documents

7.5 Documented Information
- The term “Records” is not used in 2015 standard

- However, the org. must still present “evidence” to show they have
– Determined ….
– Identified
– Developed Plans (more of a “procedure”)

8.0 OPERATION
8.1 Operation Planning and Control
8.2 Emergency Preparedness and Response

Establish processes needed to meet

the EMS, 6.1 and 6.2 by:
1) establishing criteria for processes,
and
2) implementing control of
processes to meet criteria.
i.e.,
Haz Waste Storage
Chemical storage
Machine Operation Parameter
Water Sampling
Air Permit
Etc.

8.1 Operation Planning and control
New requirement for 8.1:
- Control planned changes, consequences of unintended
changes and mitigate the environmental impacts
- ensure outsourced processes are controlled or influenced
(as stated in the EMS)
- Address Life Cycle (LC) perspective by
establishing env. controls in the design and development
process for each LC stage
Env. Requirements for procurement
Communicating env. requirements to contractors
Consider providing info on env. impacts of the different
life cycle stages of product.

• Develop emergency preparedness &

response plans
• Include plans for mitigating “environmental

impacts”
• Test emergency plans (fire drills)
• Others

9.0 PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
9.1 Monitoring Measurement, Analysis and Evaluation
9.2 Internal Audit

9.1 Monitoring, Measurement, Analysis, and evaluation
Determine
- Performance metrics and comparison criteria
- monitoring methods, when, where, etc.
- evaluation of metrics (trends)
- effectiveness of the EMS
Conduct Calibrations or Verifications
Communicate performance data as per
communication process

9.2 Internal Audit
9.2 Internal audit
9.2.2 Internal audit programme
Establish, implement and maintain an internal

audit programme(s), including the frequency,
methods, responsibilities, planning requirements
and reporting of its internal audits.
Auditors should be independent of the activity

being audited, wherever practicable, and should in
all cases act in a manner that is free from bias
and conflict of interest.

9.3 Management Review
Top management shall review the organization’s environmental
management system, at planned intervals, to ensure its continuing
suitability, adequacy and effectiveness.
The management review shall include consideration of:
a) the status of actions from previous management reviews;
b) changes in:
1) external and internal issues that are relevant to the environmental
management system;
2) the needs and expectations of interested parties, including compliance
obligations;
3) its significant environmental aspects;
4) risks and opportunities;
c) the extent to which environmental objectives have been achieved;
Output of Management Review shall be
Actions and decisions, Resources Required

10.0 IMPROVEMENT
10.1 General
10.2 Non Conformity and Corrective Action
10.3 Continual Improvement

10.1 – Improvement - General
• Determine opportunities for improvement
• Implement necessary actions to achieve “intended EMS
outcomes”
10.2 – Nonconformity and corrective action
• Control and correct the NC
• Mitigate environmental impacts (immediacy)
• Determine causes & action needed so that it
does not
• recur (actual nonconformities)
• occur (potential nonconformities)

10.3 – Continual Improvement
• Continually improve the suitability, adequacy and

effectiveness of the EMS to enhance
environmental performance

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (ISO 45001:2018)

Learning objectives
➢ What is OHSMS ?
➢Benefits of OHSMS
Management systems?
➢,OHS Management
system Model?
➢OHSMS 45001:2018
Standards?
➢Specific Requirements
for Each process?

What is OHSMS
➢ This is world's most recognized

Management System Standards for
Occupational Health and Safety.
➢Internationally accepted Management
System.
➢Prepared by ISO project Committee
ISO/PC 283
➢Collective Knowledge of various above
mentioned bodies to have Health and Safety
Management System requirements for all
kinds of Organization.

What is OH&S Management System
➢This covers Management System
requirements in response to customer
demand for a recognizable standard
for assessment and Certification.
➢It does not state specific OH&S
performance criteria, nor does it give
detailed specifications for the design
of a Management System.
➢First Published in Year 1999 in
name of OHSAS. Revised in July
2007.
➢Now First edition is ISO
45001:2018, after adoption by ISO.

Benefits of OH&S Management system
➢ Generic Standard applies to all types and
sizes of organizations irrespective of
geographical, cultural and Social difference.
➢This Standard satisfy the demand of
current and prospective customer for
registration.
➢Increased International Acceptance and
Credibility
➢Increased acceptance of Regulatory
Bodies, external interested Parties and
General public.
➢Keeps organization ready for External
audits and inspection.
➢Transformation of Process from Detection
Mode to Prevention mode.

➢Creates consistency though out the
Organization in Practicing /activities.
➢Focused approach towards Health and
Safety of Employees.
➢Helps organizations to consistently Identify
and Control Health and Safety risks including
hazards due to behavior issues, internal and
external.
➢Reduce the potentials for accidents,
Workplace accidents, Illness to prevent cost
and down time.

➢Improve overall performance including
business performance
➢Improvement in working conditions
➢Motivation of employee in working safe
conditions, Enhance work culture
➢Demonstration of compliance to
customers and suppliers.
➢Only standard which requires
Involvement of Top management and
Employee (Labor) for establishing and
documenting Management System.
➢Ensures Operation Controls in activities
as per risk Involved.

➢Proactive Approach
➢Talks about Incidents
➢Less dependency on key individuals
➢Provide blue print for controlled and disciplined
growth.
➢Ensures consistent training.
➢Improves Management Oversight.
➢Ensures strengthening of System through
Internal audit, and corrective action system.
➢Facilitate Continual Improvement. Ensures
Continual Improvement of Management System
➢Helps in Retaining Employee.

Why to have OH&S Management System
➢Every Year Industry faces information

about permanent disability of Employee
about 1-3%.
➢ In reviews of accidents, a common
threat throughout is the inadequacy of
management systems that might have
prevented the accident from occurring.
➢ Examples of some issues identified are
➢ Lack of hazard review and risk
assessment to predict and prevent
incidents
➢ Insufficient investigation and follow
up after previous incidents.

➢ Inadequate training of staff

➢ Failure to implement effective
mechanical integrity programs.
➢ Lack of Participation and
consultation with Labour.
➢ Lack of operational Controls
➢ Lack of Design Features with
respect to Health and Safety in
process Equipments.
➢ Lack of Internal audit.
➢ Lack of Incident Investigation,
root cause determination.
➢ Lack of Management Focus
and review.

➢ Flixborough, England 1974,
Explosion in Chemical plant, owned
by Nypro UK
❖ Management of modification
failure observed. Gas leakage
❖ Inadequate experience
❖ Overstretched resources
➢ Piper Alpha 1988, Explosion in
Northsea Oil Production Platform at
Aberdeen, Europe
❖ Failures in shift handover
❖ Permit to work absent
❖ Lack of Training.
❖ Communications Gaps
❖ Auditing Issue

➢ Pasadena 1989, Texas USA,
Series of explosions in HDPE
Manufacturing company
❖ Maintenance in Polythene
reactor
❖ Permit to work errors
❖ Failure to follow-up on audit
➢ Longford 1998, Explosion at

ESSO natural gas plant.
Longford Victoria Australia.
❖ Inadequate knowledge of
hazards
❖ Absent personnel
❖ Poor procedures

➢ BP America Refinery
Explosion Texas City, 23 March
2005
❖ Corporate safety oversight,
including the safe management
of sites obtained through
mergers and acquisitions
❖ Corporate safety culture
❖ Corporate and site SMS
❖ Near miss reporting and
investigation programs
❖ Mechanical integrity programs
❖ Hazard analysis programs
❖ Change management

➢ Buncefield Explosion, UK, 11
December 2005
❖ In the early hours on Sunday a
number of explosions occurred at
Buncefield Oil storage Depot,
Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire
❖ At least one of the initial
explosions was of massive
proportions and there was a large
fire, which engulfed a high
proportion of the site
❖ Over 40 people were injured;
fortunately there were no
fatalities.

➢ The 23 year old cleaner had to

clean the pulley, while the electrical
technicians were checking the
rotating direction after changing the
electrical motor. The cleaner was
standing on the pulley, when it
began to rotate. Probably he fell or
the pulley pulled his leg. There
wasn’t any warning table. His leg
was broken and he suffered bad
injuries.

❖The 58 year old, skilled worker

Wearing a loose T-shirt. The
chuck caught his T-shirt and the
rotating part wound him. His
head and upper body were
fractured.

➢ Worker (work experience

Student) killed by unsecured
office shelving.
❖The Young worker was using an

angle grinder with wire disc. He
didn’t use protective glasses,
when the spark sprang into his
eyes.

Simplified Model of OH&S 45001
CONTINUAL IMPROVEMENT IN OHS PERFORMANCE
POLICY OBJECTIVES PROGRAMME

REVIEW
MONITOR
Legal & Other
requirements
Tolerable
Control
Identify or
Assess Risks Measures
Hazards Intolerable
Corrective &
Eliminate Residual Preventitive
Risk Risk Action
INTERNAL AUDIT

Basis of OH&S Management System
➢Plan- Establish the objectives

and processes necessary to deliver
results in accordance with the
organization’s OH&S policy
➢DO- implement the processes

➢Check- monitor and measure
processes against OH&S policy,
objectives, legal and other
requirements, and report the results
➢Act- take actions to continually

improve OH&S performance

Features of OH&S Management System
4.0 Context of the Organization
4.1 Understanding the organization and

its context
4.2 Understanding the needs and
expectations of workers and other
interested parties.
4.3 Determining the scope of the OH&S
management system
4.4 OH&S Management System

4.1 Understanding the organization and its Context
• Determine the internal and external issues relevant to the OH&S.

• Include its purpose being affected or capable of affecting the organization
Examples include:
Health & Safety Conditions – Illness due to work related activities,
Breathing Problems, Eye sight weakness, Backache, Headache,
Hearing loss, Stress, Diseases due to exposure of continuous heat, etc.
External Issues, social, political, legal, regulatory, financial,

technological, economic, natural and competitive circumstances,
whether international, national, regional, or local
Internal characteristics or conditions of the organization such as

activities, products and services, strategic direction, culture and
capabilities (i.e. people, knowledge, processes and systems).

4.2 Understanding needs and expectations of workers and
Other Interested Parties
• Determine
❖ Other Interested parties other than workers,
relevant to OH&S
❖ Relevant needs and expectation of
workers and other interested parties
❖ Needs becoming Compliance and other
obligation.

4.3 Determining the Scope of OH&S Management System
• Determine and document Boundaries and applicability of

OH&S
• Consider
• External and internal issues (as per 4.1)
• Consider workers and interested parties needs and
Expectation
• Compliance obligations of OH&S (as per 4.2)
• Planned or performed worked related activities.
• Activities, products and services
• Control and Influence Performance of OH&S
Management

4.4 OH&S Management System
• Establish
• Implement
• Maintain
• Continually Improve OH&S management
system including processes needed and
their interaction meeting standard
Requirement.

5.0 Leadership and workers

Participation
5.1 Leadership and commitment
5.2 OH&S policy
5.3 Organizational roles, responsibilities

and Authorities
5.4 Consultation and Participation of

workers

Top management shall demonstrate leadership and commitment
a) taking overall responsibility and accountability to prevent worker related injury
and ill health, provision of safe and healthy workplaces and activities.
b) Establishment of OH&S policy and objectives, compatible to strategic direction of
organization;
c) Integration of OH&S requirements into the organization’s business processes;
d) Availability of Resources needed
e) Communicating importance of effective OH&S and conformity of OH&S
management system requirements;
f) Ensuring OH&S achieves its intended outcomes;
g) Directing and supporting persons to contribute effectiveness of OH&S
management system;
h) promoting continual improvement;
i) supporting other relevant management roles to demonstrate their leadership as
it applies to their areas
j) Developing, leading & promoting culture supporting intended outcome of OH&S
k) protecting workers from reprisals when reporting incidents, hazards, risks and
opportunities
l) Establishing a process for consultation and participation of workers
m) supporting the establishment and functioning of health and safety committee

5.2 OH&S Policy
Establish, Implement and Maintain OH&S Policy
❖ Appropriate to the purpose, size and context of the organization
❖ and to the specific nature of its OH&S risks and OH&S
opportunities
❖ Provides framework for setting the OH&S objectives
❖ Includes Commitment
✓ to provide safe and healthy working conditions for the prevention
of work-related injury and ill health
✓ to fulfil legal requirements and other requirements
✓ to eliminate hazards and reduce OH&S risks
✓ to continual improvement of the OH&S management system
✓ to consultation and participation of workers, and, where they
exist, workers’ representatives.

5.3 Organizational, Roles, responsibilities and Authority
❑ Roles, responsibilities, and authorities

shall be
❖ Assigned, documented, communicated at all level
❖ Workers at each level of the organization shall assume
responsibility for those aspects of the OH&S management
system over which they have control

❑ Top Management must assign responsibilities
for reporting on the performance of the OH&S

5.4 Consultation and Participation of Workers
Establish, implement and maintain a process(es) for consultation and
participation of workers at all applicable levels and functions, and, where
they exist, workers’ representatives, in the development, planning,
implementation, performance evaluation and actions for improvement of
the OH&S management system.
Organization shall
a) provide mechanisms, time, training and resources necessary for
consultation and participation;
b) provide timely access to clear, understandable and relevant information
about the OH&S management system;
c) determine and remove obstacles or barriers (input of suggestion,
Language, or literacy barriers, reprisals or threats of reprisals etc) to
participation and minimize those that cannot be removed;
d) emphasize the consultation of non-managerial workers on the following

1) determining the needs and expectations of interested parties;
2) establishing the OH&S policy;
3) assigning organizational roles, responsibilities and authorities, as
applicable;
4) determining how to fulfil legal requirements and other requirements ;
5) establishing OH&S objectives and planning to achieve them ;
6) determining applicable controls for outsourcing, procurement &
contractors;
7) determining what needs to be monitored, measured and evaluated ;
8) planning, establishing, implementing and maintaining an audit
programme(s);
9) ensuring continual improvement

E )emphasize the participation of non-managerial workers in the following:
1) determining the mechanisms for their consultation and participation;
2) identifying hazards and assessing risks and opportunities;
3) determining actions to eliminate hazards and reduce OH&S risks ;
4) determining competence requirements, training needs, training and
evaluating training;
5) determining what needs to be communicated and how this will be done;
6) determining control measures and their effective implementation and use;
7) investigating incidents and nonconformities and determining corrective
actions

6.0 Planning
6.1 Actions to address risks and opportunities
6.1.2 Hazard identification and assessment of
risks and opportunities
6.1.3 Determination of legal requirements and
other requirements
6.1.4 planning action
6.2 OH&S objectives and planning to achieve
them
6.2.1 OH&S Objectives
6.2.2 6.2.2 Planning to achieve OH&S objectives

6.1 Actions to Address risks and Opportunities
6.1.1 General
Determine risks and opportunities addressing:
a) assurance that the OH&S management system can achieve its intended
outcome(s);
b) prevent, or reduce, undesired effects;
c) achieve continual improvement.
Addressing Risks and Opportunity organization shall take in to account
❑ Hazards
❑ OH&S and Other Risks
❑ OH&S and other opportunities
❑ Legal and Other obligations
Determine and assess the risks and opportunities, relevant to the intended outcomes of the
OH&S management system associated with changes in the organization, its processes or
the OH&S management system. In the case of planned changes, permanent or temporary,
this assessment shall be undertaken before the change is implemented. Maintain
Documented information of risks and opportunities and actions,.

6.1.2 Hazards Identification and Assessment of Risks and
Opportunities
6.1.2.1 Hazard Identification

Shall have a on going and proactive process of hazards identification
accounting
a) how work is organized, social factors (including workload, work hours,
victimization, harassment and bullying), leadership and the culture in the
organization;
b) routine and non-routine activities and situations, including hazards arising
from:
1) infrastructure, equipment, materials, substances and the physical
conditions of the workplace;
2) product and service design, research, development, testing, production,
assembly, construction, service delivery, maintenance and disposal;
3) human factors;
4) how the work is performed;

Opportunities
c) past relevant incidents, internal or external to the organization, including

emergencies, and their causes;
d) potential emergency situations;
e) people, including consideration of:
1) those with access to the workplace and their activities, including workers,
contractors, visitors and other persons;
2) those in the vicinity of workplace, can be affected by organization activities;
3) workers at a location not under the direct control of the organization;
f) other issues, including consideration of:
1) the design of work areas, processes, installations, machinery/equipment, operating
procedures and work organization, including their adaptation to the needs and
capabilities of the workers involved;
2) situations occurring in the vicinity of the workplace caused by work-related activities
under the control of the organization;

Opportunities
3) situations not controlled by the organization and occurring in the vicinity of the
workplace that can cause injury and ill health to persons in the workplace;
g) actual or proposed changes in organization, operations, processes,
activities and the OH&S management system;
h) changes in knowledge of, and information about, hazards.

6.1.2.2 Assessment of OH&S risks and other risks
Establish, implement and maintain a process(es) to:

a) assess OH&S risks from the identified hazards,
while taking into account the effectiveness of
existing controls;
b) b) determine and assess the other risks related
to the establishment, implementation, operation
and maintenance of the OH&S management
system.
The organization’s methodology(ies) and criteria for
the assessment of OH&S risks shall be defined with
respect to their scope, nature and timing to ensure
they are proactive rather than reactive and are used
in a systematic way. Documented information shall
be maintained and retained on the methodology
ies) and criteria.

6.1.2.2 Assessment of OH&S opportunities and other
Opportunities
The organization shall establish, implement and

maintain a process(es) to assess:
a) OH&S opportunities to enhance OH&S
performance, while taking into account planned
changes to the organization, its policies, its
processes or its activities and:
1) opportunities to adapt work, work organization
and work environment to workers;
2) opportunities to eliminate hazards and reduce
OH&S risks;
b) other opportunities for improving the OH&S
management system.
NOTE OH&S risks and OH&S opportunities can result in
other risks and other opportunities for the organization.

6.1.3 Determining Legal and Other Requirements
Determine legal and other Requirements

Have access to up to date them
Determine how they apply
Take them into account
Maintain and Retain Documented Information

6.1.4 Planning Action
Plan:
1) Risks and opportunities
2) Legal and other requirements
3) Prepare for and respond Emergency situation
how to:
1) integrate and implement the actions into its OH&S
management system processes or other business
processes;
When planning these actions, the organization shall

consider best practices, technological options and its
financial, operational and business requirements.

6.2 OH&S Objectives and Planning to achieve them
6.2.1 OH&S objectives

Plan:
1) Risks and opportunities
2) Legal and other requirements
3) Prepare for and respond Emergency situation
how to:
1) integrate and implement the actions into its OH&S
management system processes or other business processes;
When planning these actions, the organization shall consider
best practices, technological options and its financial,
operational and business requirements.
Such as-Reduction of work loss time, Tool Talk discussion,
Incident reporting /Month, Medical Cost/ employee etc.

6.2.2 Planning to achieve OH&S Objectives
Objectives—Result to be achieved:
- Consistent with OH&S Policy
- Considering Hazards, Legal and other
requirements, Risks/Opportunities
Planning Actions (Programs): What will be

done, who will do, Resources, responsible party
& Due Date, How Results will be evaluated, How
actions will be integrated in business processes

7.0 Support
7.1 Resources
7.2 Competence
7.3-Awareness
7.4-Communication
7.5-Documented Information

7.1 Resources
7.1 Resources
The organization shall determine and provide the resources needed for
the establishment, implementation, maintenance and continual
improvement of the OH&S management system.
Resources can include human resources, natural resources,

infrastructure, technology and financial resources

7.2 Competence, 7.3 Awareness
7.2: Determine
1) the necessary competence
2) ensure competence
3) training needs
4) take action to acquire competency
7.3: Ensure persons are aware of
1) the OH&S policy, Objectives, Hazards and risks of their work
2) Their Contribution to achieve Effectiveness of OH&S
3) Benefits of improved personal performance
4) Implications of NOT conforming to the OH&S (including Legal and other
Requirements)
5 ) Incidents and Investigation outcomes
6 ) Ability to remove themselves from imminent and serious work situations.

7.4 Communication 7.4.1 General, 7.4.2 Internal
Communication, 7.3 External Communication
▪ 7.4.2-Internally communicate information

relevant to the OH&S among the various
levels and functions of the organization
▪ Ensure its communication process(es)
enable(s) to contribute to continual
improvement.
▪ 7.4.3 External Communication

▪ Externally communicate information relevant
to the OH&S and as established by the
communication process(es) and as required
by its legal and other Requirements

7.5 Documented Information
7.5.1 General
- What ever is required by ISO 45001
- What ever is needed for OH&S
effectiveness
7.5.2 Creating and Updating

- Ensure identification
- Format
- review and approval
7.5.3 Control of Documented Info

- available, suitable, protected,
- distribution, access, retrieval, use
- storage, preservation, change control,
- retention & disposition for records now known as
Documented Information
- external documents

8.1.1 General
8.1.2 Eliminating Hazards and
Reducing OH&S Risks
8.1.3 Management of Change
8.1.4 Procurement
8.1.4.1 General
8.1.4.2 Contractors
8.1.4.3 Outsourcing
8.2 Emergency preparedness and
response

8.1.1 General, 8.1.2 Eliminating Hazards and Reducing risks
Establish processes needed to meet the

OH&S Management System by:
1) establishing criteria for processes,
and
2) implementing control of processes
to meet criteria.
3) Maintaining and Retaining
documented information
4) Adopting work to worker
➢ Shall have process to eliminate

Hazards and reducing risks using
Controls Hierarchy
Elimination
Substitution
Engineering control
Administrative Controls
PPE

8.1.3 Management of changes
Establish a process(es) for the implementation and control of planned
temporary and Permanent changes Impacting OH&S performance, Including
a) new products, services and processes, or changes to existing products,
services and processes, including:
— workplace locations and surroundings;
— work organization;
— working conditions;
— equipment;
— work force
b) changes to legal requirements and other requirements;
c) changes in knowledge or information about hazards and OH&S risks
d) developments in knowledge and technology.
The organization shall review the consequences of unintended change

8.1.4 Procurement, 8.1.4.1General, 8.1.4.2 Contractors, 8.1.4.3
Outsourcing
8.1.4.1 General
Establish, implement and maintain a process(es) to control the procurement of
products and services to ensure conformity of OH&S Management System.
8.1.4.2 Contractors
Coordinate with its contractors, to identify hazards and to assess and control
the OH&S risks arising from:
a) the contractors’ activities and operations impacting organization.
b) Organization’s activities and operations impacting contractors’ workers;
c) Contractors’ activities and operations impacting other interested parties in
the workplace.
Ensure that the requirements of its OH&S management system are met by
contractors and their workers. The organization’s procurement process(es)
shall define and apply occupational Health and safety Criteria.

8.1.4 Procurement, 8.1.4.1General, 8.1.4.2 Contractors, 8.1.4.3
Outsourcing
8.1.4.3 Outsourcing
➢ Ensure that outsourced functions and processes are controlled.
➢ Ensure that its outsourcing arrangements are consistent with legal
requirements and other requirements
➢ Establish, implement and maintain a process(es) to control the
procurement of products and services to ensure conformity of
OH&S Management System.
➢ Type and degree of control shall be defined in OH&S Management

• Develop emergency preparedness & response plans and

against potential emergency situations
• Including provision of First aid
• Providing training of planned response
• evaluating performance, revising the planned response,
including after testing or occurrence of emergency
situations
• communicating and providing relevant information to all
workers on their duties and responsibilities;
• communicating relevant information to contractors,
visitors, emergency response services, government
authorities and, as appropriate, the local community;
• taking into account the needs and capabilities of all
relevant interested parties

9.0 Performance Evaluation
9.1 Monitoring Measurement,
Analysis and Performance
Evaluation
9.2 Internal Audit

9.1 Monitoring, Measurement, Analysis and Performance
Evaluation
Determine
- Performance metrics and comparison criteria
- monitoring methods, when, where, who, Frequency of Legal and
other requirement etc.
- evaluation of metrics (trends)
- effectiveness of the OH&S
Conduct Calibrations or Verifications
Communicate performance data as per communication process
Evaluate Compliance with Legal and other requirements and
maintain Documented Information

9.2 Internal Audit
9.2 Internal audit
9.2.1 General
9.2.2 Internal audit programme
Establish, implement and maintain an internal

audit programme(s), including the frequency,
methods, responsibilities, planning requirements
and reporting of its internal audits.
Auditors should be independent of the activity

being audited, wherever practicable, and should in
all cases act in a manner that is free from bias
and conflict of interest.

9.3 Management Review
Top management review organization’s OH&S management system, at
planned intervals, to ensure its continuing suitability, adequacy and
effectiveness.
The management review shall include consideration of:
a) the status of actions from previous management reviews;
b) changes in:
1) external and internal issues that are relevant to the OH&S management
system;
2) the needs and expectations of interested parties, including legal and
Other Requirements;
3) risks and opportunities;
c) the extent to which OH&S objectives have been achieved;
d OH&S Performance, Communication; Opportunities for Improvement
Output of Management Review shall be
Actions and decisions, Resources Required

10.0 Improvement
10.1 General
10.2 Incident, non conformity and

corrective action

10.1 General, 10.2 Incident, Non conformity and Corrective
Action
• Determine opportunities for improvement

• Implement necessary actions to achieve “intended
OH&S outcomes”
• Reporting investigating incidents

• Control and correct the NC
• Mitigate environmental impacts (immediacy)
• Determine causes & action needed so that it
does not
• recur (actual nonconformities)
• occur (potential nonconformities)

effectiveness of the OH&S to enhance OH&S performance
• Promoting a Culture supporting OH&S
• promoting the participation of workers in implementing
actions for the continual improvement of the OH&S
management system;
• d) communicating the relevant results of continual
improvement to workers, and, where they exist, workers’
representatives

management system;
representatives

management system;
representatives

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM INTERNAL AUIDT
(ISO 19011:2018)

AUDIT
• A Systematic, documented verification

process of objectively obtaining and
evaluating evidence to determine
whether an organisation’s Management
System conform with audit criteria, and
communicating the results of this
process to the client.

REASON OF AUDIT
❖ Requirement of Various Management
Standard
❖ Appraisal mechanism for use by Top
management
❖ Powerful tool for continual improvement
through -
❖ employee involvementcommunication
❖ employee awareness, etc.

TERMS AND DEFINITION
❖ Audit scope-
• Extent and boundaries of the audit
• Audit scope could be Processes or functions to
be audited
❖ AUDIT CRITERIA
– Policies, practices, procedures or requirements
against which the auditor compares collects audit
evidence about the subject matter.

❖ Audit Evidence
• Verifiable information, records or statements of fact. It can be
qualitative or quantitative. It is typically based on
interviews, examination of documents, observation of
activities and conditions, existing results of
measurements and tests or other means within the
scope of the audit
❖ Audit Finding-
• Result of the evaluation of the collected audit evidence
compared against the agreed audit criteria

❖ Audit Finding-
• Positive and or Negative
• Positive shall be Compliance and or Compliance with
OFI
• Negative-Non Conformity
Non fulfilment of a requirement (conditions of contract,
standard, manual, procedures, legal regulatory
requirements)

❖ Minor Non Conformity-
Isolated case of Non conformity., Single observed lapse
against requirement.
• Major Non Conformity

▪Absence of a requirement throughout Org.
▪ No. of Minor NCs against one requirement
▪ Legal Non compliance
▪ System failure

❖ Audit Conclusion
• Professional judgement or opinion expressed by an
auditor about the subject matter of the audit, based on
and limited to reasoning the auditor has applied to audit
findings. Evaluation Results of audit Findings.
• AUDIT PHASES
❑ PRE AUDIT PHASE
❑ AUDIT PHASE
❑ POST AUDIT PHASE

PRE AUDIT PHASE
Clear understanding of audit assignment and
commensurate preparation.
Details of Process, issues, Performance, Site
Information, Management information, Production
information, Raw materials data, Cost information, Key
personnel, etc.
Audit Plan-
Methodology - Review of documentation/ records,
Interviews and cross verification, Site inspection, Priority
areas determined by significance.
Time schedule - allocation of proportionate time
Audit team - finalise leader/members, Working document

AUDIT PHASE
❖ Opening meeting (Team Introductions (Establish credentials and
rapport), Review scope, objectives, schedule, criteria & audit
sampling method, audit methodology, Confirm resources & facilities
needed are available, Confirm time and date of closing meeting,
Promote active participation of auditee, Review site safety and
emergency procedures for auditors, Clarify and reassure purpose
(Fact and not fault finding)
❖ Observations and recording of audit evidence (Open end question,

Close End Question)
❖ Finalise audit findings
❖ Closing meeting (Present audit findings and finalise audit report)

POST AUDIT PHASE
❖ Audit Report Submission (Formalise what has been agreed at the
closing meeting, No additional observations/ surprises, Use
specified reporting format, Lead auditor to review and approve report
in right earnest and not merely sign, Generate required no of copies,
Distribute to identified functions/locations including all
Representatives).
General information (Objectives/ Scope, Audited organisation/
Audit team, Audit plan, Summary of audit methodology,
Confidentiality, Report distribution, Reference documents)
Audit findings (Summary of findings, Conformances/strengths of the
organisation, Non-conformances, Observations), Audit Conclusions
❖ Close the Audit-Receive Correction Action, Determined Root
Causes, Corrective Actions, Effectiveness Reports, evidences and
close the same Off site and or On site through Follow up audit.

AUDITOR’S ATTRIBUTES
AUDITOR SHOULD BE
Disciplined, Open minded, Diplomatic, Polite,
Knowledgeable, Observant, Good Listener, Patience,
Communicative, Unbiased, Competent, Decisive, Self
reliant, Ethical, Flexible, Team Player, Time
Management, Logical/Analytical, Confident, Positive
Approach, Presentable, Honest, Alert, Motivated,
Aggressive, Smart
AUDITOR SHOULD NOT BE
Be Over-aggressive, Jump to conclusion, Jump to
other things, Assume, Be Argumentative, Be
Talkative, Be Biased, Ask more close-ended
Questions, Be Over smart, Be Over Confident, Be
Harsh, Act like Policeman, Reactive, Carry
Preconceived notions, Have Rigid Mind-set

Question Time

THANK YOU

ISO 14001 Environmental Management System

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ISO 14001 Environmental Management System

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ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

“ We Convert knowledge into Achievements ’’

“ We Convert knowledge into Achievements ’’

However due to daily needs, Activities,

“ We Convert knowledge into Achievements ’’

AIR WATER LAND NOISE

“ We Convert knowledge into Achievements ’’

Can be described as "the imbalance in

“ We Convert knowledge into Achievements ’’

Some of the important and harmful air

➢Total suspended particulate matters

➢Oxides of Nitrogen and Sulphur

➢Carbon-mono-oxide and carbon-

“ We Convert knowledge into Achievements ’’

Sources of Air Pollutants :

➢Emissions from Industrial

➢Emissions from Automobiles

➢Burning of fossil fuels and

➢Natural emissions from

“ We Convert knowledge into Achievements ’’

➢Eye irritation, Headache,

➢The normal growth and yield of

➢Taj Mahal in Agra can be taken

“ We Convert knowledge into Achievements ’’

➢Improving process technology in

➢Implementing Superior technologies to

➢Reduction in the consumption of fuel

➢ Usage of alternate fuels.

➢Usage of non-conventional energy

“ We Convert knowledge into Achievements ’’

Water is the most essential and vital

“ We Convert knowledge into Achievements ’’

MARINE WATER FRESH WATER

GROUND WATER SURFACE

“ We Convert knowledge into Achievements ’’

➢Untreated effluents generating

➢Raw (Domestic Sewage) effluent

➢Runoff water from agricultural

“ We Convert knowledge into Achievements ’’

Effects of Water Pollution

➢Potability (drinking) of water

“ We Convert knowledge into Achievements ’’

Effects of Water Pollution

➢Potability (drinking) of water decreases

➢Usage of contaminated water to

➢Water Contaminants can affect the

“ We Convert knowledge into Achievements ’’

Water Pollution Control

➢Adopting suitable methods

➢Adopting technology for

“ We Convert knowledge into Achievements ’’

Sources of Noise Pollution

“ We Convert knowledge into Achievements ’’

“ We Convert knowledge into Achievements ’’

➢When noise could not be

➢Usage of earplugs and earmuffs.

➢Growing of vegetation near the

➢General awareness to the

“ We Convert knowledge into Achievements ’’

“ We Convert knowledge into Achievements ’’

Effects of Soil Pollution

➢Loss of fertile land for cultivation

➢Affects the growth of plants on the