In this Issue Viewpoint

In this edition of The Navy, more than ten naval

Carriers and Regional Security
commentators have put open to paper' to provide a balanced
The RAN and Maritime Airpower coverage of current and regional naval activities. Special
attention is again devoted to the United States Navy, with many
What's in a Name
visits conducted to the major Australian ports following Exercise
Tullochs of Brays Bay Tandem Thrust' off the Queensland coast
Onboard an Arleigh Burke To mark the arrival in Sydney of the USS CONSTELLATION,
the recently re-furbished Super Constellation passenger aircraft
KIWI Sealift
rendezvoused with the American carrier off Sydney Heads and as
What is a Signalman - Telegraphist she entered the harbour. This event was captured by the Naval
Photographic Unit and is featured on the back cover
Naval airpower developments are discussed in the articles
Regular Features Carriers and Regional Security and The RAN and Maritime
Airpower and although she has yet to visit Australia in her new
Viewpoint
role, the recently commissioned HMNZS CHARLES UPHAM is
Naval News described in detail.
The number of contnbutors is a good sign for the future, as
In Brief
the magazine approaches its 60th year in 1998 Further 'vintage'
The Navy Revisited copies of The Navy from the mid to late 1940s have also been
received by the editor for possible publication in future editions.
Book Reviews
In one of the most interesting maritime park developments
in recent years, the old Tullochs site in Brays Bay in the upper
reaches of Sydney's Parramatta River is being re-created as a
foreshore park Some of the types of vessels built in the bay
during the Second World War were the long serving 120 foot
long steel cargo lighters, more commonly known as Motor
Stores Lighters and their Water and Refrigerated variants. As part
of the plan, the developers are seeking an example of the lighter,
to be placed in the new park as the main attraction from the old
Tullochs building yard
By the time this edition of The Navy is published, the first
and nameship of six Huon class coastal minehunters building in
Newcastle will be launched. Also due for launching, in Cairns in
Copy deadline for t h e next issue is 9th August 1997. mid July, is the first of two new hydrographic ships, LEEUWIN. •

THE NAVY LEAGUE OF AUSTRALIA

HMAS -COLLINS- underway off Western Australia (Photo LSPH Peter LewisI
HDIRAl COUNCIL
Palron in ChM: Hn lurilm y, The (<»tmii (irtipjl
rmid»nl.(.'jl 1 jmMH J „„ KID
Vice-Presidents: RADM A I Rtihrflvxi AO. DiC. RAN iRld). lohn BINT CDRl H I P Adams
AM. RAN iRldl C APT H A losephs. AM RAN (Rlrii
Hon Secretary: Dun Schrapel. PO Bos I IS. Woodville. SA 51111
Telephone I0BIBM7 ISSSfa*(06>8l47 125b
NIW SOUTH WALIS DIVISION
Patron: Hr\ Isiellervy. The Governor of New Sou»h Wales
President R f) Albert. AM. RfO. RD
Hon. Secretary: I C I kppesen. OAM. Rf D GPO Bo> 17l<». Sydney NSW 2001
Telephone •<570 8425
VICTORIAN DIVISION
Patron: Hn {scellerv y, The Cormoi of Victoria
President: N Meaden RfO*
Hon. Secretary T f Kilbum. MBF. RfO, VRD PO BOT I 101 BM Hill Delivery Onlrr VIC >128
Telephone VBBB 1177.
QUHNSLAND DIVISION
Patron: Her (uellency.The Governor of Queensland
Prrodent: I M l ' « r OAM
Hon Secretary: R 0 Poufcon. RfD. POBOT 170. Clevelarvl Qld 41 b I Telephone 11452174
State Branches
Caims A Cummeen. PO Bot I0OT. Cairns. Qtd 4870 Telephone 10701 S4I 1SS
Towmviltr I Mr Douftall. PO Dm 1478. Townsville. Qid 4810. Telephone 10771 724 588
Mat kay Mrs W Osbom PO Bo« SS27 Mickiy. Qld 4740 Telephone (0791 SSI b61
Bundaberg: I lohse, PO Bos 5141. Bundaberg Wm. Qld 4b70 Telephone 10711 51 2210
Southport I V root. PO Bon <Ub. Souhport. Qld 4215 Telephone (07SI 122 447
SOUTH AUSTRALIAN DIVISION
Patron: His t xellency. The Governor of South Australia
President: Aljn Prekett. RIO. 15 Sleeps HiH Drive Panorama SA 5041
Hon Secretary: Mm 11 Oil. GPO Bo« I52S. Adelaide. SA SOOI Telephone 8J47 1185
TASMANIAN DIVISION
Patron: Hn Ivrllmty. The Governor of Tasmania
President: M | Cooper. OAM
Hon Secretary M/\ | M Cooper. 42 Amy Road. launceslon. Tas. 7250 Telephone 44 15)1
State Branches
Devonporl: G Williams. tS Pine Plate. Devonport. TAS 7JI0 Telephone (0041 24 SBBb
Burnie G Davis. 40 Cherry Street Burrwe. TAS 7J20 Telephone (0041 J I 402i
WIST AUSTRALIAN DIVISION
Patron: His f icellency. The Governor ot Western Australia
Hon Secretary: Mrs G Hewitt. 2) lawlef Road. Atladale. WA b I Sb Telephone J10 1600
Stale Branches
Geraldlon: I Beckwith. 2 Petchell Street Rangeway. WA 65 JO. Telephone (099) 21 17bB(HI
MM 21 1200Ml
Albany: D Bray lot 4b Frederick Street. Gledhow. via Albany. WA 61)0. Telephone KNBI 416
S442
HDIRAl ADVISORY COUNCIL
I Geoffrey [vans. OW. VRD. Chairman
Wm Bolitho. AM
Admiral Michael W Hudion. AC. RAN (Rid)
Vice Admiral David leach. AC CBC. IVO. RANIM
Vice Admiral Sir Richard Peek. KM. CB.DSC. RAN (Rldl
lohn Strang Chairman Strang International Ply ltd

The .Vary. JulySeptemIter l!Hf7 1

 FROM OUR READERS CARRIERS and REGIONAL SECURITY
After taking jxirt in the combined Australian- American Exercise Tandem Thrust, the oldest commissioned
C a l l i n g A l l Ex F A A Western Australia on March 25 that is a hallmark of naval Motor Lighters
warship in the United States Navy, the aircraft carrier I'SS "Independence" visited Sydney. A few
Personnel when he presented them with service Dear Sir.
the Navy League ot Australia weeks later the I'SS "Constellation" lead her battlegroup in. Richard Jackson reports on the US
The Navy League of In the October-December,
Deai Sir. Perpetual Trophy for Community carriers and their role in regional security.
Australia was also thanked for 1996, issue of The Navy'. D. Ley
The Fleet Air Arm Services
their continuing support of the of Potts Point wanted to know
Association of Australia is The 'Seagrove Trophy' is
Navy, both in the form of this the details of some
holding their Golden Jubilee awarded by the Navy League to
award and in the many other photographs, one of which was
Reunions at HMAS ALBATROSS - a ship or establishment for
28 October to 3 November 1998 ways it helps sustain Navy the launching of MWL 256
sustained and significant
and are tyring to locate all support of the general throughout Australia I installed the radio
surviving ex FAA personnel to community Commodore Bob Rod Salmari equipment onboard MWL 256
invite them to this significant Trotter. Commanding Officer Rockingham WA and served as Telegraphist in the
occasion The 50th Anniversary HMAS Stirling was delighted to crew when she was
of HMAS ALBATROSS is also accept the award for Navy's commissioned in mid 1947. Her
being commemorated in a joint support of the WA community
Farewell "AITAPE" commanding officer was LEUT
ceiebration during the period and in particular the
Guyatt, RAN She was built at
Would you please advise Rockingham community
Dear Sir. the State Dockyard, Newcastle,
details to your readers for the ex During 1986 HMAS Stirling
In August, 1996. I was in and as far as I can recall was
FAA shipmates can make this a provided financial support and
Papua New Guinea and read a launched in March, 1946
worthy and memorable voluntary labour to a wide range
newspaper article about the Sorry for the delay, but
occasion of community based
organisations with the disposal ot one of the patrol have only recently seen the
Please contact
MIKE LEHAN. SECRETARY relationship with the Malibu boats given to PNG by Australia October-December issue of the
Special School proving a in 1974 The former patrol .Irrirlny in Sytlney Harbour, the I'SS "CONSTELLATION", briny welcomed by the rrstonil Su/nr Constellation. (Photo - Brian Morrison)
FAA SOTH ANNIVERSARY magazine.
COMMITTEE wonderful experience for many boat HMPNGS AITAPE, Independence Day margin of safety". As Justin eased (but still with deadly force;
Yours faithfully.
PO BOX Al 15 personnel Malibu provides the decommissioned in 1985, was
N Doyle. it later sank the Kiwi yacht Queen Charlotte) the Independence
NAVALPO special needs of severely scuttled as the cost of It's a familiar image, from countless CNN news reports and
(Ex Telegraphist RAN) and her escorts steamed west, flying off air strikes, seeking
NOWRA NSW 2540 handicapped children who movies like Top Gun. The angular bulk of a US aircraft carrier
maintaining the vessel was battle with the "enemy" RAAF Hornets and fending off the
cannot be placed in a normal Randwick 2031
Wishing you all the very apparently beyond the resources has become a modern icon, but this morning, in the Tasman
school. ship-hunting F-111s, so as to cover the combined amphibious
best of health and we look of the National Museum Sea approaching Sydney, the USS Independence is force landing at Shoalwater Bay.
forward to seeing you in 1998 Fleet Base West personnel Indonesia overwhelmingly real. The 80,000 ton carrier is at ease, her
have assisted Malibu Special I only recently found the For the flight deck crews, this was simply another three
or at the Naval Aviation Museum
article at home when looking for aircraft neatly arranged on deck, the immense steam plant weeks of their familiar yet dangerous routine. "Its the most
m the meantime School since 1989 with working Dear Sir.
bees. fundraising which some souvenirs of my visit to held to a fraction of its power, the crew in their whites lining dangerous job in the world", the sailors boast; nearly seventy
Yours sincerely I read the Indonesian Naval
RADM Neil Ralph AO DSC generates about $2000 a year PNG I hope it is not 'old news' her sides, as the ship slips quietly past Sydney's famous heads. aircraft, mostly high performance jets, have to take off, land,
Profile with interest I would like
RAN (Rtd) President and the Welfare Committee puts The article may be of some to make it known that the Over the previous three weeks, the carrier has been be refuelled and maintained on the crowded 320 m flight
on an annual Christmas party interest and hopefully the details battling both the exercise enemy and the elements. Cyclone
correct name for the navy is deck. Independence may be one of the largest warships in the
and beach picnic at Camp
included in a future edition of Tentara Nasional Indonesia - Justin had won this battle of the Coral Sea and forced the world, but standing on the flight deck amid the closely parked
FBW Honoured Markham HMAS Stirling
The Navy Angkatan Laut, or TNI-AL, the naval commander. Rear Admiral Charles Moore USN, to take array of planes, with APUs shrieking and the diesel engines of
continues to get tremendous
Dear Sir. Regards. last two words' literal translation his task force of Australian and American ships far to the south
satisfaction from these activities the flight deck tractors roaring, it is suddenly a very small base
His Excellency the Governor and east of the exercise area until the storm eased. " W e can
with many helpers available (name and address supplied) being 'sea force' for a frontline air force Just three nights after leaving Sydney,
of Western Australia. Major fly in rough weather", Moore explains, "but w e train with a
The Governor stated that Editor We have included a Yours faithfully, this fact was proved once more; an FA-18 smashed its
General Michael Jeffery,
HMAS Stirling's community newspaper photograph of Paul Pelfzar, undercarriage during a catapult take off, but got airborne -
honoured navy personnel in
service program the AITAPE being scuttled Noma Hill 2S40. • despite losing an engine from the damage - and headed for an
builds increased emergency landing at RAAF Williamtown. The accident sent
cooperation
chunks of metal flying across the flightdeck, hitting one of the
between the
catapult crew, who subsequently had to be flown to Sydney
civilian and
for emergency surgery.
military sectors of
society and helps
strengthen the
On the Front Line
community. He
also said it was a Independence and her crews have been on the front line,
reflection of the
both literally and metaphorically, since 1959. The ship's log
altruism and
Ills Excellency the Got errutr tifWA. Mqfor General records the raw facts of history of much of the cold war.
sometimes Detailed riew of the island structure of the I'SS "INDEPENDENCE-.
Mk hurl Jeffery with Commodore Bob Trotter and Independence, currently the oldest active ship in the US Navy,
pe'sonal sacrifice
Nary I.iiujue i>l Australia WA President Mr .Arthur Pinal farewell, the last clew of the old put nil l-xii HMAS/HSIPNGS The ship's number. OS. is /xilnuxl on the island, with a Phalanx
lieu-ill at ihe trophy ceremony. 'A/TAPE', m Auyust IIHMi. 20 mm ClWSjust forward. (Photo • Brian Morrison) was the fourth of the supercarriers; designed in the first

The Navy. July-September I'.f.l7 The Navy. July-September Iff. 17

 < <n'i i t i s ; i i i < i K i U U M l i i l S i m i l } ( i i r i ' i i i s .111< I K I U H H I J I I \ u n in

with his Australian staff, fignt the maritime battle of Exercise

Life Extension
Tandem Thrust. Once clear of the Cyclone Justin, the battle
But Independence herself was nearmg the end of her group turned west and steamed towards the landing area

4
designed life The value of the big carriers was unquestioned, Moore explains that the carrier needs sea room: " W e stand off
yet the cost of new ships was enormous Even though the USN
* some 200 miles, reaching out to the battlefield with our
.V
had the Nimitz-dass nuclear powered carriers entering service, aircraft. W e build a sanctuary for the carrier, free from
it was still cost effective to refit the older carriers. After a long V submarines or other threats Then as we roll back those
SLEP (service life extension program) Independence emerged threats, we can move in closer to cover the land operation "
V
from the Philadelphia naval ship yard in 1988 refitted and Submarines are a very serious threat to an aircraft carrier,
y j ^ i U t f D . " C'ILII
ready for another decade of service This time she was but Indy's S-3 Vikings and SH-60 Seahawks play a vital part in
deployed to the Pacific, home ported in San Diego In August *, building that submarine-free sanctuary The Vikings provide
1990 Indy (as she is inevitably nicknamed) was at sea in the * * distant anti-submarine cover beyond the escort screen, using
Indian Ocean when Iraq invaded Kuwait. She was the first * sonobuoys to listen for an approaching submarine Then

.l/i FlA-lHC lhinn i launches an air ut air missile nil the coast <»/ Syilncy. carrier into the Arabian Gulf and her airgroup enforced within the battle group, searching the inner zone, are the
(num. Mini Swum Metcalfe) President Bush's "Line in the sand" during Operation Desert Seahawks, with their dipping sonars During Tand?m Thrust
decade of the cold war to launch the big Skywarrior jet Shield they faced HMAS Otama and the nuclear-powered USS Salt
.In impressive overhead vleic of the aircraft carrier t'SS
bombers on long range strikes into the Soviet Union, back In September 1991, Indy and all her families moved to Lake City. The high speed of the carrier is part of her defence,
"IXDEPESDESCE" as she sietimetl towards the Dirt of Sydney.
when the jet bomber was the ultimate weapon and atomic Japan The United States Seventh Fleet has a carrier battle Members of the ship's comptmy have I'ormetl the Olympic loyo a nil if a submarine wants to attack, it will have to move fast,
beneath It. S)VSEY 'JOOO. (Photo • Courtesy CSS)
war was thinkable But. when Inopnendence first entered group and air wing home ported in Japan, under the recently creating noise that can be picked up by the Vikings And within
reaffirmed US/Japan defence treaty " W e are made welcome the battlegroup, the confusion of undersea noise from the
service, the Polaris submarine and ICBMs were making that
Maritime Battle
there", says Admiral Moore "The Japanese people are keenly carrier and all her escorting destroyers and frigates, means that
mission obsolete, instead the super carriers were to prove their
interested in us, and we have no problems like the Marines On this deployment. Independence is flagship of the battle the submarine CO will want to come to periscope depth for a
enduring versatility in many cold war crises
have experienced on Okinawa" The US Navy's presence in force commander and centre of a powerful and versatile visual check; it's then that the Seahawks can pounce.
In 1962, when the Soviets attempted to install ballistic
battlegroup. Admiral Moore commands his battle group from A S W takes hours, indeed days, of patient teamwork
missiles in Cuba. Independence was part of the naval force
an operations room just below flight deck level on the carrier. between ships, aircraft and helos. It's one of the warfare areas
that directly imposed the blockade on Cuba and forced the
He also has his own Flag Bridge, four decks above the flight that smaller navies like the RAN can bring their skills and make
missile-carrying Soviet freighters to turn back Three years later
deck, but the battle is managed from the radar scopes and a valuable contribution. And it's not a one-sided struggle; the
Independence left the her Atlantic fleet duties for the Pacific
computer screens of the tactical centre There, Moore, and his submariners rarely boast, but they have their successes too. At
and operations off Vietnam In 100 days on Yankee Station the
Australian counterpart. (Commodore Tim Cox), who embarked Pearl Harbor in the submarine force HQ, they proudly display a
carrier launched Phantoms, Intruders, Skyhawks. and some of
the big Skywarriors and Vigilantes, on strikes against the
North Six naval aviators died during these strikes and nine
became prisoners of war - to endure the brutality of the Hanoi
Hilton for over eight years Constellation, completed three
years after Independence and with a number of improvements
to her design, played a major part in the Vietnam War,
spending three years deployed to the war zone Her aircrew
gained 9 air combat victories for the loss of two killed and two
prisoners

Back with the Atlantic Fleet, Independence stood guard in

the Mediterranean during the tense years of the Arab/Israeli
wars, and took part in a variety of NATO exercises The Atlantic
was NATO's lifeline, and the US carriers had a key role in Phutuyroph taken inside the haiu/ar aboard the CSS *INDEPENDENCE'.
In the foreymund are tiro F-14D Tomcats (left anil riyht) with an
deterring and defeating the growing Soviet submarine fleet FlA-lHC Hornet (centre). (Photo • ABPU Simon Metctilfe)
Her airgroup changed as the little Skyhawks were taken out of
service and the Viking sub-hunters joined the naval air wings, Japan, including visits by nuclear powered ships, is set to

increasing the versatility of the big carriers continue; when the Independence retires next year, the USS
Constellation will replace her in Yokosuka. Constellation is just
Still active into her third decade. Independence took part
three years out of her SLEP; she will continue in sen/ice beyond
in the 1983 Grenada operation and then in December that
2003
year she launched Intruders and Corsairs at terrorist camps in
Since joining the Seventh Fleet, Independence has
the Beka Valley in the Lebanon This strike was a turning point
deployed three times to the Gulf to enforce the UN sanctions
for the attack squadrons, losses to the Syrian air defences
against Iraq and last year she operated off Taiwan in response
convinced the Navy that they needed a practical school, like
to Chinese intimidation during Taiwan's elections. Her career
the famous Top Gun, for strike training "Strike U " was set up
shows the typical demands on America's remaining, carriers; it
in Nevada and ever since has provided tough and realistic
is claimed that the first question from the White House, each
USS 'CONSTELLATION". 83 .April- (Photo - ABPU Simon Metcalfe)
training for carrier airgroups.
time there is an international crisis, is "Where are the carriers?"

4 The Navy. • Ilily-September HI97 The Sary. .hily-Scptembrr l!H)7

 ( arriyrs and
trophy from one major exercise a close-up periscope
photograph of two carriers and another major warship, taken
obviously from well within the screen Perhaps after Tandem
Thrust Otama or Salt Lake City can add their own photos7
Fast M o v i n g A i r W a r
The air war is the opposite of the ASW battle fast moving,
wide ranging, demanding instant decisions amid the "noise''
of information overload Far ahead of the battle group an E-2C
Hawkeye patrols, its powerful radar looking inland and seeking
out hostile aircraft From inside the crowded cabin, air
controllers direct the F-14s into long range interceptions
"This thing is a dinosaur ", says Lieutenant Commander
Dave Richter, one of the "Black Knights", the aviators of
Fighter Squadron VF 154 He's talking about his F-14A, the
long range, heavily armed interceptor that has been the
mainstay of USN air defence since 1973 With three types of
ftwt "Tandem Thrust", the command ship. I'SS "ULl'E RIlXiE"
(Photo - [inun Morrison)
missiles and a rapid fire cannon, the two-seat F-14A is well able
to take on any opponent. There is a better version, the
F-14D. but post-Cold War defence cuts have meant the USN has
not been able to reequip all its fighter squadrons with the later
model; Constellation's air group is one of the few operating the
D-model Tomcats. Richter remarks that he would like to be flying
something a lot newer, like the planned Joint Strike Fighter.
The F-14As have an additional vital task. Carrying the
TARPs (tactical reconnaissance pods) under their centreline,
F-14s provide the battle group commander with up to date
aerial photographs of the battlefield. TARPS imagery is always
in demand, but only a few of the Squadron's twelve fighters
are wired for the reconnaissance pods
When a target ashore is identified, it is Indy's three FA-18C
Hornet squadrons that take centre stage The thirty Hornets on
board the carrier can undertake both fighter and strike roles, but
m keeping with their Strike U training, the attack pilots won't go
in without an array of aerial support EA-6B Prowler electronic
warfare aircraft will accompany a stnke; they will jam and disrupt
enemy air defence and firecontrol radars Hawk eyes will keep a
watch over the strike and warn of enemy interceptors; Vikings
carrying buddy refuelling systems will be available as tankers to
top the stnke squadrons, other Vikings from detachment VQ-5
Regional Niiiiriu
will have conducted the electronic reconnaissance so the Prowlers
and Hornets can be fully briefed on enemy defences In Tandem
Thrust the enemy were USAF Eagles and RAAF Hornets, but Indy's
pilots have to keep up to date about the capabilities and tactics of
a range of potential opponents across nearly half the globe.
Tandem Thrust took place just five weeks into a four
month deployment which will take the carrier into the Indian
Ocean and then north for a series of port visits throughout
South East Asia "Our goal is visibility", says Admiral Moore,
"our mere presence at times helps to stabilise situations"
Building for the future
Today the USN has 12 super carriers in service, eight of
them nuclear powered with the most recent being
commissioned in December 1995. The Nimitz class carriers will
be the heart of the US Navy's battlegroups for the next 50
years, two more are under construction and a tenth ship of the
class is planned for building by 2008
This huge investment in sea/air power
means that the manned aircraft will also play
a key part in the US Navy's future Despite
the growth in small robot reconnaissance
drones, the US Navy is committed to a
new generation of naval aircraft, with the
FA-18E/F being the first of a new series of
versatile and stealthy fighters
But the end of the Cold War has
meant major force reductions too; since
1991 the United States has taken six
super carriers out of sen/ice, with the
Independence due to retire next year.
also visited Sydney.
Constellation will serve for nearly ten
more years. It will be 1999 before the next
new carrier commissions, the US has ordered only sufficient new
ships so as to maintain its sole carrier building yard
And the US is not alone in maintaining a carrier force,
France has launched its first nuclear powered carrier, the
Charles de Gaulle, while Russia, amid the whole-sale scrapping
of much of the former Soviet Navy, has still maintained its one
large-deck carrier. Admiral Kuznetsov Britain, of course, went
to smaller Harrier-Carriers; one of its three, HMS Illustrious, is
leading this year's Ocean Wave task force which is presently
deployed to the Asia Pacific region.
By the time this is published. Constellation will be near the
end of her Indian ocean deployment, having operated in the
Gulf and around the Arabian Sea. Independence will be
heading north from her South East Asian duties. Between
them, the two carriers provide the proof of America's
commitment to regional security; the embodiment of the
Seventh Fleet motto: "Ready Power for Peace".
S i d e b a r : T h e V a l u e of P o r t Visits
This year Sydney will host over a dozen US .warships,
including Independence. Constellation, and the huge
amphibious ship USS Essex Other ships, including the nudear-
The Siwy. July-September If>97
( a n ii rs a n d
.1 busy day'.. C S S 'ESSEX' arrives as nro K.LY FFOs salt from harbour. (Photo • Brian
powered carrier USS Carl Vinson and nuclear-powered cruisers,
have visited Melbourne and Hobart. while Fremantle frequently
sees ships from the US Navy's Indian Ocean task forces After
Exercise Tandem Thrust every major port on Australia's east
coast had at least one US warship visit; in fact with the
disruption to commercial shipping by Cyclone Justin there were
barely enough berths available for all the visiting ships.
For the Americans, port visits mean rest and recreation for
the crew and a chance for families to fly out and join their
spouses for a few days during an otherwise long, lonely
deployment. Some 50 wives had come to Sydney from Japan
to met the Independence, others were there for the
accompanying destroyers But the port visit also means a round
of diplomatic and official visits - the Flag Officers and Captains
face an intense program of calls and receptions. Then there are
the community activities, sports, visits to the ship by
community groups and service clubs, and support by the sailors
for local charities.
Constellation has a group of clowns, who are in demand
from childrens' hospitals and orphanages wherever they go
On Anzac Day, 200 sailors from Constellation and her escorts
marched in the Sydney Anzac day parade; many young
. WlIM). the oiler CSS "TIPPECANOE(nolo • /Irian Morrison)
The S'ary. .lulu-September HW7
Ki ^ioual S n iii i H
Morrison)
American sailors are now better aware of Australia's
distinguished war record Both carriers were also opened to
the public. 40,000 people queued to board Connie in one day.
Independence attracted over 70,000 people over two days
For the RAN, the port visit facilitates exercise debriefing
and professional discussions " W e may lack the technological
edge of the Americans" says Commodore Cox, "but the
exercises improve our ease of integration into a multi-national
force, and help us prove our doctrine" Informal discussions
and visits continue, between the battlegroup and RAN ships,
while friendships are renewed between the two nations'
sa'lors.
For Sydney, the carriers' visits pump some ten million
dollars into the local economy As well as the personal
spending of 5,200 sailors from each carrier, there are the
valuable official contracts; on the day of her arrival. 14 semi-
trailers were lined up on the wharf with food, supplies and
freight for Independence
Oh. and there was a brief protest Just 12 protesters,
including a fool on a surfboard, tried to impede the berthing
of Independence. Their motives were confused; one was
protesting the possibility of nuc!?2. weapons on board (he
wasn't aware of the 1991 decision to land naval nuclear
warheads) and others thought they were protesting about
damage to the Great Barrier Reef (although the exercise was
carried out under strict environmental controls). But when the
USS Constellation came in a month later, on her way to an
Indian Ocean deployment, there was no protest at all.
Rather. Sydney's preserved Constellation airliner and a bevy of
news helicopters welcomed the Connie for her Anzac
weekend visit. H

The RAN and Maritime Airpower
By Navy
Fifteen years ago. in 1982, the RAN lost its aircraft carrier
and its organic fixed wing aircraft. These were A4 Skyhawk jet
strike fighters and S2 Tracker twin engined anti-submarine
aircraft
At the time, the Navy League fought hard against what
was unquestionably a substantial reduction in the fighting
capabilities of both the RAN and the Australian Defence Force
A decision on the future of fixed wing naval aviation was
necessary because the aircraft carrier HMAS MELBOURNE
needed replacement Potential replacements were either too
expensive in themselves or necessitated a new generation of
aircraft - the Sea Harrier short take off and landing type.
Although cost was a factor against a new aircraft carrier,
the major arguments were that such a ship was unnecessary
for the defence of continental Australia, its offshore territories,
its coastal shipping routes and its territorial waters. A less
logical, but influential, factor in some quarters was that aircraft
carriers were perceived as symbols of maritime expansionism
The aircraft carrier had replaced the battleship as the maritime
ogres of the 20th century.
Nevertheless, the decision left the RAN without fighter
defences and without a blue water long range strike capability.
The RAAF's F/A-18 A/Bs have neither the range nor the
availability to provide fighter cover for the RAN.
Thus 1983 marked the nadir of the RAN's Fleet Air Arm,
This applied not only to fixed wing flying but also to ship borne
helicopters Although about 10 Sea Kings and a number of
Wessexes remained in service, no warships were capable of
operating either type
Since that time, the Wessexes have retired but the RAN
has acquired 16 Sikorsky S-70B2 Seahawks. These are excellent
aircraft, for surveillance, over the horizon targeting and for
anti-submarine work (although they lack a dunking sonar).
Seven Sea Kings remain in service for utility duties. There are a
also six Squirrels for support work, while eleven Kaman Super
Seasprites SH-2G(A)s are on order
The Seahawks are fully integrated into the combat systems
of their parent ships. That is, they operate as part of their
parent ships' armament and provide a massive extension to the
Fleet's fighting capabilities. Their full integration has been
enhanced by discontinuing the practice of disembarking
helicopters each time their parent ships enter a naval port.
Instead, helicopters remain on board except for major
maintenance etc.
Turning to helicopter capable ships, by 2004 all major RAN
surface combatants will be equipped with integrated
helicopters. The proposed offshore patrol combat combatants,
due to enter service about then, will also have fully integrated
helicopters.
A growing number of other naval ships will also operate
helicopters H M A S SUCCESS and TOBRUK already do so The
1 In.- U . W anil Marilinii' Airpouvr
Leaguer
LPAs KANIMBLA and MANOORA will do so. as will the new
hydrographic ships LEEUWIN and MELVILLE
Thus, the RAN's helicopter Fleet Air Arm is alive, well and
growing However, apart from a pair of shore based HS-748
electronic warfare training aircraft, the RAN has no fixed wing
aircraft and no plans to even consider their acquisition
To replace as far as possible the defensive fighter capability
previously provided by the Skyhawks, the RAN has underway
plans for a "layered" defensive system:
• close range Phalanx type rapid fire guns are already at
sea with some RAN ships, with others fitted for but not
with these weapons.
• Sea Sparrow short range missiles in the Anzacs, to be
succeeded by evolved Sea Sparrow in the Anzacs and
fitted in the FFGs
• Standard SM-1 medium range missiles, with some area
defence capability in the FFGs and DDGs
• Standard SM-2 long range area defence missiles to be SeasptlU- hellaiptrr
fitted in the Anzacs.
get close enough to launch their weapons against the On top of that, the past 15 years has seen the retirement
• A range of counter measures, including Nulka active off
Australian Fleet It also leaves the RAN With no shore strike or transfer to other duties of virtually all the RAN's fixed wing
board decoys
capability and an anti-ship strike capability limited to Harpoon aviation personnel - both flying and ground support The RAN
These capabilities will be substantially enhanced when the has lost its fixed wing aviation skills.
surface to surface missiles launched from surface ships and
RAAF gets its planned airborne early warning and control
submarines This will be augmented when the Super Seasprite To start again with a new fixed wing Fleet Air Arm would
aircraft, although it must be questioned whether, with a
helicopters become operational with their Penguin missiles. be a major undertakino, requiring up to a decade
maximum of only six A E W & C aircraft, if any will be available
Therefore, fifteen years after the carrier cancellation It can be argued that the RAN can be provided with
for operations with the fleet
decision, it is appropriate to consider whether a case should be a very long range precision shore strike capability by
This still leaves the RAN without its long range defensive
made for an aircraft carrier and carrier borne fixed wing arming the Collins class submarines and Anzac class
capability - the ability to destroy attacking aircraft before they frigates with Tomahawk high explosive tipped cruise
combat aircraft.
During the past 15 years, there have been calls from outside missiles.
the service for the RAN to acquire an aircraft carrier. The RAN itself The Tomahawk strike capability would be more effective
has not pursued these for several reasons. The first was that, under and be infinitely cheaper than a carrier borne strike capability.
the democratically elected government of the day, there was no Turning to fighters, economics would require the RAN to
prospect of budgetary approval. This difficulty was aggravated by acquire STOVL type aircraft The life of type of the current
entrenched relentless opposition within the defence community. It generation of Sea Harriers/AV-8B II will expire by 2015 A new
was, and is still, argued that an aircraft carrier is unnecessary for generation of vectored thrust aircraft - the joint strike fighter
the defence of continental Australia, it offshore territones and - is currently being developed in the United States, with British
resources, its coastal trade and territorial waters. participation.
The second reason wos a lack of the necessary However, the joint strike fighter is still in the early stages
management and personnel resources. of development.
During the last ten years, the RAN has started construction Further, there are those who argue that unmanned aerial
of three new generations of warships - the Collins class vehicles (UAVs) will provide a cheaper and smaller alternative
submarines, Anzac class frigates and Huon class minehunters, to manned fixed wing aircraft
in addition to a number of smaller new construction and It can be argued that it would be imprudent for the RAN
modernisation projects, the amphibious transports KANIMBLA to press for a fixed wing fleet air arm until it is certain that a
and MANOORA being the largest examples. viable new generation of fighter will be available.
The first three particularly involved major technological However, one step can be taken that would cost no extra
jumps, with new combat and propulsion systems and many money and would provide a potential seagoing platform for
new types of sensors and weapons. The management of these UAVs. W h e n successors are selected for KANIMBLA and
acquisition projects requires a large number of skilled MANOORA, these should have full length flight decks in
personnel. The specialised collective and individual t r aining of addition to the hangars they will have in any case for their
the crews absorbs large numbers of people. troop lift helicopters B
RANS-70B4Srnhawk heltaipttr
The Savu. JuluSnMrmhrr l!H>7 The Navy. •lulftSepfember l!H)7
 What's in a Name Naval News
The Xtuning of RAN I'nits Seahawk Upgrade Survey Crews to
fiy .It*- Straczck Maximise Availability
The Minister for
Defence, M r Ian McLachlan The n e w hydrographic
To most Australians the names of some Australian naval
has announced that vessels, to be named H M A
vessels are instantly recognisable Names such as SYDNEY,
Hawker de Havilland Ships "LEEUWIN" and
MELBOURNE. VENDETTA and ANZAC Other names such as
Victoria Limited has been -MELVILLE", will be manned
CERBERUS. HARMAN and NORMAN may not be as easily
selected as the preferred by three crews to maximise
recognisable Whilst a third group of ELEPHANT, W A G and
tenderer to acquire and to the ships' availability, the
COCKROACH would only draw blank stares Vet all of these
integrate forward looking Hydrographer. CDRE Bob
are names which have graced the pages of Australia's naval
infra-red, electronic support Willis, said in May.
history If these are all names of naval vessels how were they
and countermeasures He was speaking on 9
selected and why? In this the first of a two part article the
equipment for Australia's May, before laying the keel
current RAN naming principles and procedures will be
16 Seahawk helicopters. for the second of the two
explained Part two of this article will explain the origins of
The Hawker de new ships being built under
most of most of the named vessels which have served the RAN
HavHIand proposal offered a $214 million contract with
Until 1995 there was no formalised system of naming RAN < <i/nam I as lUtuky Li prescnletl irlth the '/Mi/yen Hal
the best all round value for NQEA Australia Ltd in Cairns
vessels, though in the mam an informal system existed This
providing a sensor suite to Defence's requirement was and forward looking sonars. HMAS "ANZAC"
informal system saw the RAN retain names of Royal Navy ships
enhance the protection and for the ships to be available
on 'oan to Australia and for its major ship classes use the These will be integrated with Digger's Hat
combat effectiveness of the some 300 days per year - satellite and terrestrial
names of cities or towns or perpetuate a system of distinctly
Seahawk helicopters, which double most other Fleet O n Saturday, 19 April,
Australian names, such as the River Class In 1995 all this position fixing equipment in
are operated from the six units. Mr John Newman, Chief
changed with t. e introduction of a Defence Instruction (Navy) a complex survey system
Th. H.|.Y ,nlcr SI t ( ESS' L> luininl .in./ then I,mm Itetl m March l!>S4.
RAN Adelaide class frigates. Apart from the Executive Officer of
detailing pi inciples to be followed for naming various types of "They will be capable of
The selected equipment requirement for extra crews Australian Marine
naval vessels The instruction also provided guidelines for the use of the providing depth and
will be fully integrated into - ships's company will be Technologies presented the
name AUSTRALIA This name was reserved for a large vessel positional information that
the aircraft's weapon system about 47 per vessel - NQEA Commanding Officer H M A S
which due tc its role would have a high national and regional meets the stringent quality
This Defence Instruction states that: to detect and identify are factoring the high " A N Z A C . Commander Les
profile requirements to the
potential threats, and to availability requirement into Pataky RAN, a bronzed
• Surface combatants are to be named after Australian With the foregoing in mind the actual process of selecting International Hydrographic
avoid or counter them These the ships' design and sculpture of an ANZAC's
cities, towns, districts or previous ships of the type a name is relatively simple Once a requirement to name a Organisation "
systems will operate at over maintenance plan. The hat
• Submarines would carry names with an Australian particular type of vessel arises the Senior Naval Historical and The Hydrographer said
the horizon distances, in all contract price includes a The hat. 25% larqer
connection or names of previous naval vessels Archives Officer, located within the Department of Defence, the reason for basing the
weather conditions, day or follow-on support contract than normal size, was
• Survey and other marine science vessels would be prepares various lists of potential names Where ship new ships in Darwin is that
night. The same equipment in Darwin to be managed by designed by Canberra
named after large coastal or off-shore features, such as associations have been campaigning to have a name selected, most of their work will be in
will be used where feasible NQEA for five years from the sculptor Mr John Ahearn
islands, individuals w h o have contributed to the these names are also included, providing they meet the criteria the northern sea approaches
for both the existing time they enter service and was based on the
knowledge of our maritime environment or previous for that type of vessel to Australia
Seahawks and the new "The 71.2 metre. 2550 original hat as worn by the
Australian vessels employed in the marine science role These prospective names are forwarded to the Chief of Super Seasprite helicopters, -MELVILLE will conduct Australian Light Horse
tonne ships. MELVILLE and
Smaller attached marine science craft may also be Navy with a recommendation and justification for a particular which are planned to be survey missions for both Regiment during the Great
her sister ship, LEEUWIN, will
named after foreign vessels which have contributed to selection The Chief of Navy then decides on which names to acquired from Kaman defence and commercial War
significantly enhance the
the exploration of Australia's coast select If the names are for minor war vessels and smaller Aerospace of the USA purposes" he said, " w e need
data gathering capabilities of Mounted on a special
• Amphibious warfare ships are to be named after support craft the Chief of Navy will advise the Minister for to ensure freedom of
While component the RAN Hydrographic fitting above the ship's
Australian combined operations or previous ships of the Defence of his selection Should the names, however, be for manoeuvre for our warships
equipment will be sou reed Service," CDRE Willis said bridge the hat will become a
type major vessels or part of a significant project then these names in the poorly charted waters
from overseas companies, "They have been significant and easily
• Mine warfare vessels are named after Australian rivers are recommended to His Excellency the Governor-General for to our north, but w e also
Australian industry will designed to operate in the recognisable feature of the
and bays or previous vessels of the type approval This is done through the Minister's office recognise the need to ensure
integrate and install the open ocean, in a variety of ship. Presented in the week
• Support ships are named after previous support ships or Given the strong interest shown by ship association in systems into the helicopters weather and sea conditions. safe passage for merchant leading up to ANZAC Day
naval establishments perpetuating ship names, names selected for new craft are Hawker de Havilland Victoria Their state-of-the-art sensors ships in Australian waters. the presentation was
• Tugs and harbour craft are to be named after Australian usually announced shortly after the announcement of the Limited will be the prime and systems will enable "Oil and mineral especially significant in
flora and fauna or previous vessels of the type successful tenderer to built the new ships This can sometime contractor and will conduct them to be manned by exploration and export linking the RAN's most
• Commissioned and non-commissioned establishments be up to five years before the ship actually enters service as is most of the installation work crews far smaller than continue to flourish in the modern warship with a
could carry names which were connected with either the the case with the Anzac Class frigates and Collins Class in Australia The new their predecessors. Their remote areas to our north significant military event
area the establishment was located or the function of submarines equipment is planned to be hydrographic suites include and north-west, hence the The presence of the hat
the establishment They could also carry a name that Part two of this article will detail the origins of many of the operational in the Seahawk multibeam and single beam priority on survey operations will also help to symbolise
had been in previous naval service. names used by RAN ships over the years • helicopters by 2002 echosounders, plus towed in that region " the RAN's involvement and

10 The .Vm i/. JulySefHembrr 1W7 The Saey. July-September l!H>7 u

 \ w \i M:\vs x.w.u. m:\vs
contribution at Gallipoli, a peninsular, the sands of President of the Victoria t h e Port of Fremantle o n berthing lines appearing waters as an beginning of a new era ... I "Gloucester" Visit
campaign upon which much Palestine and the muddy Division of the Navy League 20 April turned many from the ports instead of accommodation ship. very much hope that after 30
of Australia's military fields of France and Flanders of Australia, handed the heads as she passed S y d n e y has hosted a
cannons. It was an The Governor, June, it will not be long
heritage has been built It is fitting that their bravery President of the Naval through t h e heads. rare visitor, the Royal
interesting evolution. accompanied by First Sea before ships of the Royal
ANZAC designers is remembered today aboard and Military Club, CMDR Looking more like a Navy frigate HMS
Commanded by Captain Lord Admiral Sir Jock Slater, Navy revisit Hong Kong and
Australian Marine their ship HMAS ANZAC Paul Willee, the League's futuristic 'star wars' mock-up -GLOUCESTER- which
Darbonneau, LA FAYETTE who had flown in especially give us the chance to renew
Technologies and parent with one of their hats they specially prepared 12 of a warship than a current berthed alongside f r o m 19
carries a complement of 139 for the occasion.
links with the many, many
company Blohm+Voss wore into battle" page commemorative day operational fleet unit, M a y o n an e l e v e n day
plus 12 aircrew and 12 Commander British Forces
friends w e have here.
presented the beaten copper presentation folder the FNS LA FAYETTE was g o o d w i l l visit.
marines Armed with Exocet Major General Bryan Dutton
HMS Tamar, a name GLOUCESTER had
sculpture of an Australian containing a coloured certainly 'different' missiles, a 100 mm gun and and Chief of Staff Cdre Peter
Collins Memory synonymous with the China
Light Horse hat. complete graphic of the Naval symbols The first of Frances' new departed England in January
Honoured several smaller. LA FAYETTE Melson inspected the
Station, first arrived in Hong as part of Ocean Wave 97.
with genuine emu feathers surrounding Collins' life and generation 'stealth ships', also carries a Panther Divisions, to music provided
Thursday. 13 February his illustrated life resume her superstructure is inclined Kong on 11 April 1897 The the deployment of a RN Task
The hat, one-and-a-quarter helicopter by the Band of the Royal
times full-size, was an exact 1997 saw a special The Club Collins Room at 10 degrees at the vertical fourth ship of that name, she Force to the Asia Pacific
The combined diesel/gas Marines.
replica of the hat the Light presentation in the now contains a framed was secured to a buoy in region. The ships of the Task
powered FNS LA FAYETTE The ceremony brought
Horse wore on to Gallipoli (Admiral) Collins Room of portrait of Sir John Collins Victoria Harbour and then Force visited ports
made a fitting 'stealthy' to an end a 156-year
and will be mounted above the Melbourne Naval and in full uniform and a 2 4 a moved alongside the west throughout South East Asia
departure, sailing at 2100 on association between the
the bridge for entering a r d Military dub. A Naval gold plated ex Naval mess wall of the newly reclaimed and exercised with regional
the following Wednesday Royal Navy and Hong Kong
leaving port. Sword and Cutlass, suitably centrepiece commemorating navies before returning to
after her three day stopover It was, said Admiral Slater, a dockyard in 1913, where she
"The ship that carries mounted in a glass case the 75th Anniversary of the England in August.
remained until the Second
the name ANZAC rightly were presented to the Club RAN and RANR Both are Displacing 4.675
World War W h e n it became
represents the spirit and by the Victoria Division of complemented by this tonnes, the 141.1 metre
clear that Hong Kong would
perpetuates the memory of the Navy League of addition of a mounted long GLOUCESTER carries a
fall to the Japanese in
the brave ANZAC s who Australia and unveiled by Officer's Sword and Sailor crew of 301 officers and
December 1941, she was
fought for Australia and New two of Collins old Cutlass, in honour of the sailors under the leadership
scuttled - a sad end to an
Zealand on the Gallipoli shipmates. Commodore Ian memory of one of Australia's of Commander T. A
unglamorous career
peninsula, the sands of Purvis RNA and Commodore great Naval Officers and the Cunningham.
The new HMS Tamar, Designed for surface,
Palestine and the muddy Dacre Smyth RAN. first Australian to be
"/_! FAYETTE"prepares income and fifth in line, was sub-surface, and anti-air
fields of France and Before jointly unveiling appointed Chief of Naval
ahmysule II berth. IVbirta Quay commissioned in 1946 and
Flanders," Mr Newman said the presentation Sword and Staff and First Naval Member in Fremantle warfare operations,
Cutlass, the Commodores in 1948 - the date that between 1959 and 1962 a GLOUCESTER is equipped
The sculpture came
about following ANZAC's entertained the assembled Australia's Navy came of age to reduce her radar echoing modern naval base was with anti-submarine

launch last year, w h e n a members of the Navy League area with external established. The continuing torpedoes, anti-aircraft

number of members of the and the Club with short equipment such as capstans, reclamation of the north missiles, a 4.5 inch gun and a
'A Stealthy Frenchman'
ANZAC Association were stories about their respective bollards and liferafts, either shores of Hong Kong Island, Westland Lynx helicopter

comparing ships Accepting service under their old The arrival of France's concealed or installed as low day to: "pay tribute to all including the former Victoria
Far East Base
the work on behalf of the shipmate guided-missile frigate FNS as possible Onboard all those who have served here Basin, necessitated the
Decommissions
company, CO CAPT Les CMDR John Wilkins, -LA FAYETTE" (F710) into surfaces are rounded instead since" Sir Edward Belcher, relocation of the Royal Navy's
Pataky said the hat would of angular, and the ships' -You d o n o t l e a v e in captain of HMS Sulphur, first shore establishment to
become a treasured part of boats are normally hidden by t h e darkness nor in t h e set foot on Hong Kong Island Stonecutter's Island in May
the frigate's fittings large roller-doors p o m p of pride, but in t h e at 0815 on 25 January 1841 1993, from where it has
When the second Radar absorbent paint is quiet dignity of m e n and He paid tribute not only to since operated, in support of
ANZAC entered service in tne used extensively on the 125 women who have done the Navy, including locally the three ships of the Hong
early 1950s, it proudly metre long frigate which their job w e l l , " G o v e r n o r enlisted personnel "whose
Kong Squadron
displayed a copper replica of displaces 3800 tonnes LA Chris Patten told more devoted and loyal service to
The Hong Kong
a World War I Australian FAYETTE was commissioned t h a n 200 Royal a n d N a v y the White Ensign worldwide
Squadron will remain on
digger's hat mounted on its in January. 1995 as the lead personnel on parade as will go down in the annals of
aft mast It went missing duty in Hong Kong waters
ship of a class of six, three of the White Ensign was naval history', but to
half-way through the ship's which are destined for the up to, and including, 30
l o w e r e d for t h e final time the "unofficials" - the
career Indian Ocean June, supported by
o v e r H M S "Tamar". laundrymen, tailors, cobblers
"The ship that carries To watch ports opening and contractors "and all a rationalised naval
The Royal Navy's last
the name ANZAC. rightly along the length of the ship remaining shore base in the those who have brought joy operational unit. Once their
represents the spirit and as she prepared to come Far East held its final and light into the life of so duties in the territory are
perpetuates the memory of alongside, reminded Divisions on Friday 11 April - many first lieutenants over complete, the three ships
HMS -GLOUCESTER".
the brave ANZAC's who onlookers of the days of sail exactly 100 years to the day the years" will be sold, subject 19 May. 1997. (Photo • ABPU
. l / i n t o i m i l / Aldieorth)
fought for Australia and New with the difference being since a vessel of that name But despite it being the to negotiation, to the
Zealand on the Gallipoli ('ttmmi ah ires Ian PurvU ami Dacre Smyth uneell the sword ami cutlass. numerous heads with first arrived in Hong Kong end of an era: "It is also the Philippines.

12 The .Vary. July-September l!H*7 The Savy. July-September 1997 18

 \ \\ \l M.ws \AY.\I. \ l \\s

May. A large number of friends and international exercises. In March both Exercise Flying Fish off Singapore with
ANZAC Spirit Lives On all w h o sail in her!" Dame Te
families w e r e <y- :>and to welcome ships participated in the Exercise ships and aircraft from Malaysia,
Ata proclaimed before
H M A S " A N Z A C " . first h o m e more than five hundred officers Tandem Thrust 97, battling Tropical Singapore, New Zealand and the United
releasing the traditional
of t h e Anzac class frigates and crew. Cyclone Justin and exercising with a Kingdom After a short visit to Singapore,
bottle to smash on the bow
completed for t h e Royal Since sailing in February, the 4700 number of other RAN and US Navy the ships visited Lumut, Surabaya, Pulau
of the 2,000 tonne frigate
Australian Navy, sailed tonne destroyer and 4100 tonne frigate warships off northern Queensland, prior Tioman and Phuket, conducting goodwill
Speakers, including the
from S y d n e y o n 17 M a y visited numerous South East Asian to departing for South East Asia port visits and exercising with several
Group Managing Director of
for a three month countries and took part in several major Next month saw both active in regional navies B
Transfield Defence Systems,
deployment, including Mr Paul Salteri, said the
missile firing trials at t h e launch brought together the
Pacific Missile Firing elements of power, authority
Range off H a w a i i . and status inherent in the
For her harbour name TE MANA
departure, two of the ship's After congratulating the
company dressed in military company and workers
uniforms as worn by responsible for production of
members of the RAN the new ship, Prime Minister
RADM Com/Ml hatuls over the Ikirinq floss destroyer "V.\S/P/RE~
the XatUmal Maritime Museum. Bridging Tram at Gallipoli, Howard said the launch was
and a representative sailor's a reminder to Australians
VAMPIRE Handover mighty relieved that she is
uniform as worn by the and New Zealanders of the
now someone else's financial
On 9 April. RADM ship's company of the importance. "... even in this
responsibility", he added
D a v i d Campbell formally original H M A S ANZAC post-cold war era of the
On completion of the
handed over the The RAN Bridging Train importance of significant
hand over, the Australian
destroyer " V A M P I R E " f r o m was formed in Melbourne in defence capability'
Red Ensign was lowered, and
t h e Royal Australian N a v y February 1915, consisting of He said the sacrifice of
the Australian White Ensign
t o t h e Australian National mainly Naval reservists with a men and women of Australia
raised in its place. The Chief
Maritime Museum. good knowledge of and New Zealand in earlier
of Navy and a former
On hand at the special engineering. Amongst the battles produced a debt
Commanding Officer of
occasion were The Hon first Allied troops ashore at " W e o w e them and one
VAMPIRE himself, Vice
Bronwyn Bishop, Minister for Gallipoli, the RAN Bridging of those debts, of course,
Admiral Rod Taylor, had
Defence Industry, Science Team was employed is to maintain a constant
given special permission for
and Personnel, Ms Kay throughout the campaign, surveillance about the
this, the first time that a
Cottee, Chairman of constructing and repairing security of our region," he
non-naval ship has been
the Australian Maritime wharves, salvaging sunken said
allowed to fly the Australian ships and maintaining fresh
Museum, former While the first of class,
White Ensign water supplies
Commanding Officers and HMAS ANZAC. is
"However, although she
Dr Kevin Fewster, Director of The Bridging Train was progressing towards full
may trick passers-by into
the Australian Maritime the last of the original acceptance into Naval
thinking she's still a
Museum, ANZACs to leave Gallipoli at service, TE KANA. the first of
commissioned ship in the
RADM Campbell said 0430 on 20 December 1915 the new ships for New
Royal Australian Navy, she
that "in her 27 years of Zealand is nearing
has only a partial suit of The mine counter measures base //MAS "WATER//EX'. The im larye piers anil shoresldc buildings icrre officUilly opened In April 1997.
active service, VAMPIRE was completion and due to sail
Kiwi Frigate
colours, and does not wear for home in June
always a special ship. Many
Launched
the masthead commissioning
Admirals and Commodores The fitout of ANZAC
once commanded her and pennant that is also The fourth A N Z A C ship Ship 03, ARUNTA. is
half of today's serving necessary to legally bind her and t h e second for New continuing with the ship
admirals spent some of their as one of Her Majesty's Zealand is in t h e water. alongside at Williamstown
lives in VAMPIRE" Australian Ships. But as I'm She was launched by the
sure you'll agree, the White Maori Queen, Te Arikinui
"I have mixed feelings
Warships Return
Ensign will make her seem Dame Te Atairangikaahu. in
today; I feel like the father of
from Northern
the bride. Having served in properly dressed," RADM the presence of Prime
Waters
VAMPIRE as a Midshipman Campbell said. Ministers and Defence
and having been associated Minister Bishop then Ministers of New Zealand The guided missile
with her for such a long officially handed over and Australia at destroyer H M A S "BRISBANE"
time, I am sad to be giving Ex HMAS VAMPIRE to Williamstown on 10 May and guided missile frigate
away a family member but, HMAS "MELBOURNE" CSS 'IXDEI'EXDEXCE' sails from Australia for the last time, out of USS 'FIFE". arrives In Sydney after exercise 'Ibndrm Thrust'.
the Australian Maritime "I name this ship TE
Fremantle on lli/\prtl. The ship is due to tlecommtssion in 1908. (Photo • Brian Morrison)
at the same time, I feel Museum MANA God Bless Her and returned to Sydney on 23 (Photo - W Jeflery)

The Xary. .luly-Septemher l!H>7 The Xary. July-September l!K>7

 I ii I lot* It** ol I»rji\ s I la\

TULLOCHS of BRAYS BAY It is envisaged that the search for the wartime lighters and
associated relics, already underway, is just the beginning of an
ongoing revival of the Philips site's significant past
The Search for Brays Bay Second World War Vessels and Relics
Any reader of The Navy magazine who can assist the
Department of Urban Affairs and Planning in locating or
In late 1995 the Department Of Urban Affairs and This design turned out to be the most important of the obtaining one of the original eleven lighters or other items e.g.
Planning (DUAP) commissioned the Sydney firm of landscape standard' cargo vessel designs prepared by the Australian peg top buoys manufactured by Tulloch's (or any of the four
architects, Pittendrigh Shinkfield and Bruce, to develop a Shipbuilding Board during the Second World War and built in other shipyards listed in the quote above) please contact:
Master Plan for the Philips site in Brays Bay, Sydney. The site is large numbers
Mark Blanche
located on Concord Road between two existing parks, Rhodes Prefabricated sections for 120 foot steel cargo vessels Pittendrigh Shinkfield and Bruce
Park and Mdlwaine Park on the Rhodes Peninsula were built at structural steelyards at a variety of locations,
Landscape Architects
however assembly and fitting out was limited to the State
Phone (02) 9906 4500
Dockyards at Dyke End. Newcastle, Tulloch's at Rhodes in
Fax: (02) 9906 4479
Sydney and Goodwins at Port Kembla in New South Wales,
The current search and potential for display within the
Johnstone's Tyne Foundry in Melbourne, Victoria and Structural
highly prominent proposed Brays Bay Foreshores Park on
Engineering Co at Perth in Western Australia."
Parramatta River, provides the opportunity for an increased
Source Navy Public Affairs
appreciation of Sydney's Second World War shipbuilding past.
At least 11 of these vessels were built at Tulloch's Yard. All
Any assistance in finding items suitable for display will
of the ships ordered for the Army were given names beginning MRL 251 IN launched Into Brays Bay on 10 February. 1940. therefore be greatly appreciated. •
with E' e g EVELYN, ENCHANTRESS. ELLEN etc
public ownership. All structures
n the years after the war the site was used for a variety
were demolished in 1987 and
of industrial purposes Tulloch's was forced to close in 1974
since that time the site has
and it was at this time that Philips industries acquired the site
remained virtually unoccupied. It
Philips activities on the site included electronic manufacturing
.\erial ctete <»/ I trays Bay. ( 'onconl. The I'ormtr Phillips site Is ilefinirl I HI is now owned by the Department
the concrete plailorm Jutting into the hay. and it is due in part to the large 'Philips' sign on the river-facing
of Urban Affairs and Planning
wall of a now demolished building that the site has become
The Master Plan will guide the development of a park on who view it as an important open
known colloquially as the 'Philips' site.
the Philips site which links to the two adjoining parks to create space asset for recreation and
In early 1985 the N S W government announced plans to
a popular and visually prominent open space area on the foreshore access improvement as
acquire the site as part of a plan to return foreshore land to
foreshore of the Parramatta River. It is intended that the new outlined in the Parramatta River

park, to be called the Brays Bay Foreshore Park, will draw upon Foreshores Improvement

the site's industrial history, in particular its naval and Second Programme (Department of

World War shipbuilding past. Planning 1995).

The site's industrial history began in 1915 with the The current proposal for the

founding of Tulloch's Phoenix Ironworks which initially Tullochs/Philips site is illustrated in

manufactured a broad range of engineered goods During the the Brays Bay Foreshore Park

war, production was diverted to the construction of military Masterplan (see image). The

vessels when Tulloch's was designated as the Commonwealth Masterplan seeks to transform The Army's A.V. SO/Ui. namctl 'EXTZWX'.
Shipbuilding Yard No 4. The shipyard became one of only a the site into a public park based

few facilities in Australia to build steel vessels, with most on an interpretation of the site's wartime shipbuilding past and
similar facilities (particularly in Sydney) building timber vessels using actual shipbuilding elements once manufactured at the
It was during this period that reclamation works on the Tulloch's yard. The park will link thematically with Rhodes Park
Philips site increased the land to four times its original area which features a Memorial Walkway to those w h o fought on
Reclamation facilitated shipbuilding operations and included the Kokoda Trail.
the addition of structures including two slipways, a crane and DUAP is currently seeking information on the known
a range of temporary buildings whereabouts of any surviving lighters with a view to acquiring

One of the distinctive vessels constructed at Tulloch's a vessel, or relics thereof, e.g. the fore and aft gantries.

during this period was the 120 foot (36.58m) steel cargo It is intended that the dismantled parts of MRL, MSL and
vessel, designated in the Australian Navy (RAN) as Motor Stores M W L vessels will be used as sculptural elements within the
Lighters (MSLs), Motor Refrigeration Lighters (MRLs) or Motor new Park and will form the basis for a reinterpretation of the
Water Lighters ( M W l s ) Philips site's shipbuilding past.
These vessels were: In addition there is the potential to incorporate
"designated by the Australian Shipbuilding Board relics/photographs etc. into interpretive material on permanent
following a requirement from the United States of America or rotational display. The Masterplan also provides for
Forces in Australia (USAFA) for a self propelled oceangoing educational opportunities through the provision of a staffed
lighter. Ships of this type were built for the Royal Australian information centre and approximately 24 interpretive memorial
stations associated with the Kokoda Trail Memorial Walkway. I tan of the propositi I'orrshorc /xtrk. Sole the sll/ways ami shipyard
Navy, Australian Army and RAAF, in addition to the Americans Motor llqhters unilcr construction at Thlloths In the Srroml World War
relics to hlqhlhiht the area's shlphulldiny /tost.

The Xavy. July-September 1997 The Navy. July-September 1997 17

 New Port Services and Support Craft In Brief"
Contract By Geoffrey Evans

The Sydney-based joint from others awarded

The Defence Efficiency Review (a) The haste with which the review With regard to (a), the panel itself
venture Serco-P&O has bid previously by the Navy
was conducted - less than five refers to the short nature of the review
successfully for a contract because the operational "In Brief" is not the place to examine months from nomination of the and in several addendum papers
worth about $300 million to efficiency of the Fleet will in any detail or to even summanse a report six-man review panel to mention is made of the lack of time to
provide port services and depend to some extent on containing a large number of proposals presentation of the panel's develop particular proposals; this does
support craft to the Navy for the performance of the and recommendations which, if fully report to the Defence Minister not instil confidence that the
10 years from mid-1997 contractor. implemented, would change Australia's and acceptance by cabinet consequences of important changes
The Navy announced in Another difference is defence organisation quite dramatically. (b) The high priority given to have always been thought through
late April that the joint that it sweeps into one It is however legitimate for one who reducing expenditure - to saving Savings (b) are estimated to be at
venture would provide a contract diverse area
has been associated in one way or another money least $770m. annually in the short term
wide range of sen/ices, some including capital acquisition,
with an element of the defence force - the (c) The pressure to be exerted on the
logistics, maintenance, port and potentially $ 1000m - about 10%
of which would directly
Navy - for over half a century to offer a Navy, Army and Air Force to
affect the operational service operations, Fleet of present defence expenditure. There
few comments. combine their activities to a
efficiency of the Australian support and training are no suggestions concerning use of
After reading the two-volume report of sometimes unreal intent given the
Fleet support; reflecting the Navy's the savings although the Minister has
the review panel the writer was left with a stated intention to retain the three
In common with other confidence that Australian spoken of improved combat
number of impressions, the most dist'net Services as separate elements of
Defence commercial support industry will be able to effectiveness; how this is to be achieved
being; the Australian Defence Force.
program (CSP) contracts, the deliver a wide range of remains to be seen but a number of
devolution of the services essential services. acquisitions have been "on hold" for
from the Navy to private A Navy spokesman said several years due to lack of funds.
enterprise will represent a the Navy Port Services and With regard to joint functions (c), it
considerable saving to the Support Craft Project had seems sensible to bring together many
taxpayer - in this instance of carried out a rigorous of the functions once regarded as the
around $80 million over the evaluation of bids from a management prerogative of individual
providing the services from major exercises, the
term of the contract. variety of consortia together Services, e.g. health, legal services,
within the Navy and Public Sydney 2000 Olympics
However, this CSP with an In-House Option property management, science and
Sen/ice). and other special
contract will be different (employees currently technology support, possibly recruiting,
For $300 million (at
events as they arise.
1996 prices), Serco-P8«0 will many logistic functions etc., Defence
The spokesman said,
provide services which will has in fact been on the "jointery" path
commercialisation of these
be in evidence in ships and for sometime, albeit moving slowly. On
establishments through the activities would release 150 the other hand proposals that
RAN These include: sailors to fill vacancies emasculate the authority of the Service
• Tug services and target elsewhere in the RAN Chiefs to command and administer their
service for surface "About 60 civilians are forces must appear as highly undesirable
gunnery training; given the very different elements in
currently employed carrying
• Torpedo recovery and which the sen/ices operate: In particular,
out these services at
weapon ranges transfer of the Personnel and Training
establishments around the
support; branches of the individual Services to a
country." he added "The
• Support of the new Personnel Executive (which would also
submarine force and, positions they now occupy
include all civilian personnel) and to a
in particular, trials for will become excess to
single training and education
the new Collins Class requirements when the organisation must surely invite criticism
submarines' contract comes into effect on the grounds of unwieldiness.
• A full range of training around the middle of this
services involving both Reference is made in the Review to
year, and they will be
motor and sailing the strategic outlook (currently the
administered in accordance
craft; and subject of a separate inquiry ) and
with the redundancy confirms continuance of the present
• Planning activities
associated with provisions applicable to their uncertainty, a factor that has bedevilled
The last Flay Officer .Vara/ Support Command. RADSI Dartd Cam/Ml Mils farewell to his
harbour defence. category of employment • staff In May. (Photo - AHPII Simon Metcalfe) governments and defence planners (not
The Stiry. . Iuly September HKI7
The Navy..luly-September HW7 10
 In Uriel'"

only in Australia) for many years. The

recent rapprochement between Russia
for their service Admiral Peek who was
Captain of HMAS TOBRUK at the time,
survived) and that SYDNEY
considered to be a war grave, not to be
was
'The NAVY' Revisited
and China with the object of countering took up farming on the Monaro high disturbed; no good purpose would be
the global influence of the United plains near Cooma on his retirement as In 1998. 'The Navy', the Magazine of the Navy League of Australia, will celebrate its 60th year of
served by locating the ship.
States, will no doubt add to the Chief of Naval Staff publication. During 1997 we will feature pages from various earlier editions. In this issue the months of
Proposals have again been made to
problems of the planners Sir Richard and Lady Peek, together August and September have been highlighted over two decades. 1967 and 1977.
conduct a search and for an inquiry into
The need for the ADF to be able to with their supporters were warmly
the loss of Australia's (at the time) best
act as a single, joint force, stated and received by the citizens of Cooma at (The editor is keen to hear from readers who possess copies of the magazine, published since 1938. to
known warship. W h i l e facilities for
restated in the review documents is various functions and at the Anzac Day mark its Diamond Anniversary next year).
locating and examining sunken vessels
understandable and is already practised march, which the naval party led: As
in exercises. On the other hand participant Roger DeLisle said - "the have undoubtedly become very

practically all the combat operations in Admiral set a good Whale Island pace" sophisticated over the years, the writer's

which Australian forces have been (The writer recalls the Admiral as a earlier views remain the same. What
engaged since World War II have been fearsome gunnery officer when he was good purpose would be served -
essentially single Service operations in doing courses at Flinders Naval Depot - assuming of course the ship is intact?
which our sea, land and air forces have H M A S CERBERUS - many years ago!)
For KORMORAN, a converted
augmented like forces o f allies This Members of the group travelled
merchantman, albeit heavily armed, to
appears likely to continue as the major from several States to pay what must be
destroy a regular man-o-war was no
political parties have expressed support deemed an unusual tribute to an officer
mean feat; it will never be known
(in principle at least) for United Nations who attained the highest appointments
operations Defence Minister McLachlan however why SYDNEY was placed in a
in the Royal Australian Navy
appears to have gone further and was position that enabled an inferior

reported in April as adding the North opponent to cause her loss. An inquiry
HMAS "SYDNEY (ID-
American Treaty Organisation and might possibly indicate if any cover up
Australia's allies should they ask for Several years ago the writer was of wrong doing by shore authorities was
military help It is difficult to envisage asked for an opinion on a proposal to involved at some stage as has been
Australian forces operating mount a search for the light cruiser claimed, but at this distance in time it
independently abroad unless one of our SYDNEY, lost with her entire crew after seems pointless.
weaker island neighbours sought an engagement with the German raider
assistance In conclusion, it is possibly worth
KORMORAN in 1941
noting that despite location of the liner
Finally, the writer finds it surprising After consulting with colleagues a
TITANIC and several underwater hull
that a review claimed to be one of the response was made to the effect that
The Navy. Auyust-Septemher-October. HM7. , t rcyular feature of the HMO 's teas the Nautical Notes
most important in Australia's militarv examinations, the actual cause of the
the basic facts concerning the from All ('ompass Ihints. Prepared by Sonar, the
history should be accepted and changes engagement were known ( K O R M O R A N great ship's sinking is still a matter of Information IIXLS gathcretl by the naval historian and
photoynipher. Mr Mike Phelps.
set in motion before being tabled in was also destroyed but most of her crew conjecture. •
Parliament. Many of the
changes must affect
local communities and
should therefore be of
interest - if that is the
right word to use - to
quite a few members of
1
Parliament.

Admiral Honoured

Personnel who
served in ships of the
Strategic Reserve
operating off Malaya in
the 'fifties gathered in
Cooma on Anzac Day
as a tribute to Vice
Admiral Sir Richard
Peek who has been
fighting on their behalf
to obtain recognition //A/AS Sidney (ID-

The Navy. •luly-Scplemhtr HK)7

 ( h i l x M n l iui A r l i ii^li llici k i

missiles become faster thus reducing the

Onboard an Arleigh Burke reaction time for the operations centre
staff

Story and photographs from Mark Schwi'ikert Part of the ship's command and
control function in a C B G or at an
amphibious bridge head is air traffic
Last March the Arleigh Burke class keep operating when other ships Walking around the deck one notices
control and co-ordination of friendly
of destroyer made its Sydney debut in cannot how flush, smooth and uncluttered
aircraft onto approaching enemy.
the form of the USS Curtis Wilbur Her The class will number 21 hulls everything appears All right angles
During the recent "Tandem Thrust"
classic lines and styling make the ship before the Flight IIA version appears including edges and corners have been
exercise USS Curtis Wilbur was
devastatmgly beautiful and yet beneath This version differs in that it is fitted with eliminated All sides are sloped to
responsible for air traffic control for the
her exterior is the most devastatmgly a helicopter hanger, something which deflect radar energy in different
entire exercise For this role she
powerful destroyer in the world One the earlier Flights were criticised for not directions other than where it came
embarked air traffic controllers from the
could mount a very credible argument having As mentioned before this ship One will also notice how little above
RAAF, RAN, USN and USMC It seems a
on the basis of size and capability that could also be classified as a cruiser given deck superstructure there is The
waste to use such a powerful destroyer
the class should actually be classified as not only its capability, but also its size. It superstructure essentially consists of
for safety purposes but bears testimony
cruisers is only 433 tons lighter and 19 metres two smoke stacks, a solid angled tripod
as to the immense flexibility of the class.
The technology represented in this shorter than a Ticonderoga class cruiser mast and the bridge structure, which
Although resembling a "tilted for hut not with' / illosofihy this Ls actually a .stealth feature. liy Not only can it conduct air traffic control
class is at the fore front of modern but is heavier than the older Belknap also houses the SPY-1D radars harm// the ahorc ileek areas uncluttenxl and a tooth, the result is a far less nular reflective
in an exercise but also conduct strike
icarship. . Ill niillngs can fold down. } He the angleil nature of the funnels.
Western naval design Phased array and Leahy class cruisers All exposed surfaces are covered in missions at far off land targets with
radars, two VLS (Vertical Launch The first ship of the class. USS R A M (Radar Absorbent Material) This as the bow with all the clutter of performance and the SLQ-25A torpedo
Tomahawks, establish an area air
Systems) for 90 missiles, full NBC Arleigh Burke, was commissioned in soaks up' radar energy hitting the side bollards, anchor chains etc and decoy system
defence perimeter, prosecute
(Nuclear, Biological and Chemical) of the ship, further reducing the RCS refuelling points with R A M blankets. Engine exhaust emissions from the
1991 with Curtis Wilbur commissioned submarines. conduct shore
protection, the latest stealth technology (Radar Cross Section). This material is These blankets, similar to what HMAS Gas Turbines are cooled before release
in May 1994 Being one of the newest bombardment, provide surveillance
and an Aegis combat system capable of like padding and one is able to push a Brisbane and HMAS Sydney were fitted into the atmosphere to reduce the ships
ships in the USN it is representative of information, attack shipping with its
handling any threat that may arise, finger into what appears to be a solid with for their Gulf War deployment, IR (Infra Red) signature which reduces its
the navy of today having segregated
combine to make an incredibly versatile further reduce the RCS for items that susceptibility to IR missiles such as
male/female facilities The class steel plate
surface combatant cannot be stealthed' and which could Penguin
embarks a crew of 280 with a mix of Air vents all have angled panels
return radar energy Another stealth
As this was the first Arleigh Burke 3 0 % female and 7 0 % male covering them to further deflect r adar
feature is the reduced number of access
to visit Sydney, it provided an interesting and even the steps on ladders and stairs Weapons and Systems
points for the crew to the weather
opportunity to examine what many are angled Although not apparent, in
Stealth decks Crew moving around topside are The ship's Aegis 3D SPY-1D phased
would regard as the front runner for the situations which require a low RCS, the
capable of inadvertently returning radar array radar system, four flat panels
RAN SEA 1400 project to replace our practice is to fold down all the railings
This is the first USN class of ship to
energy. This also explains why there are
ageing, and soon to be decommissioned and cover certain areas of the ship, such around the bridge superstructure and
incorporate stealth' in the design
no deck mounted machine guns or
DDGs covering a full 360 degrees, is designed
cannon as these also can reflect radar
to automatically detect and track over
Of course the idea of stealth is to 500 long range targets simultaneously
Class
reduce the ships susceptibility to search as well as identifying them as friend or
The origins of the DDG-51 class radars and weapons utilising radar, such foe and supplying fire control quality
stem from the cold war and the USN as an anti-ship missile like Harpoon or information to the fire control system.
requirement to defend its CBGs (Carrier Exocet A low RCS will also enhance the Three airborne targets can be
Battle Groups) against massed Soviet effectiveness of countermeasures to lure illuminated simultaneously via three
air/missile attack in a NBC contaminated away any missile fortunate enough to SPG-62 fire control radars for the ship's
environment They were also to be actually lock onto the ship. 74 km ranged Standard SM-2MR
capable of escorting amphibious assault Stealth is not restricted to radar missiles.
groups, patrolling SLOC (Sea Lanes Of evasion alone as acoustic and IR (Infra The ship has two MK-41 VLS for a
T.SS 'CURTIS WILBUR'. DDGS4. Sydney
Communication), projecting power and Red) stealth technologies have also been total of 90 missiles, 29 forward, 61 aft. debut. The atltlltinn of stealth, compactness
and slopetl sides, glees the ship an unexpected
to act as flagships. Although its cold war applied Each of the four LM-2500 Gas These can consist of a mix of Standard elegance and beauty.
specialities are now unlikely to be used, Turbines is raft mounted and contained SM-2MR, BGM-109 Tomahawk (all
the ship still possesses the flexibility to in a sound proofed box To further variants). VL ASROC and VL Sea eight Harpoons and act as a group
reduce underwater noise a Prairie Sparrow if needed The combat system
operate in a littoral environment flagship.
Masker bubble system is fitted This can be placed on an automatic mode
anywhere in the world Part of its NBC Although primarily an anti-air ship
forms tiny air bubbles around the hull
operability consists of the ship's systems which can detect, track, classify, the class possess a significant ASW
and propellers to mask noise emanating
being hardened or protected against designate and destroy any threat at any capability Its A S W weapons and
from the hull and apart from making the
Electro Magnetic Pulse (produced during speed within the ship's radar and missile systems consists of a SQS-53C(V)1 hull
ship less detectable to submarines it also
a nuclear explosion and renders most I ' S S 'CURTIS WILBUR' <tt spent. Sottce the uncluttered ami sloped nature of the ileslyn eren on range This capability will be more mounted sonar, a SQR-19B(V)1 towed
the main maul. The application of stealth features hits ylren the class an elegance ami heauty nm enhances its own passive sonar
electrical systems inoperable) in order to normally seen In modern learslu/is important in the future as anti-ship array sonar, two Mk-32 triple torpedo

The Sat-y. JulySe/Ht-mber l!H>7 The Saey. .luly-Se/Mcmher I'.KlT

 ()nl>o;(r<l a n \ i k ii_Ji l i t i r k c Onboard an \ r U i i j i IIIIIUC

tubes •or Mk-46 ASW torpedoes and picture of the ship's and/or groups' have one ready in the event the other is
the ability to fire V I ASROC Its sonar activities including the enemies on two put of action
systems and acoustic stealth make it a large wall mounted displays in the CIC
formidable submarine hunter but the These display monitors can
class suffers in this role by not having its produce any and all information
own ASW helicopter and data required from sonar
For shore bombardment duties the information to AAW data,
ship mounts a MK-45 127 mm gun in Tomahawk attack flight paths,
the "A" position This gun, the same as ESM data and land maps with
on the Anzac class, fires 20 rpm at the position of friend and/or
targets nearly 23 km away It can also foe units and types
be used against aircraft with fire control Another feature of its cold
data from one of the SPG-62 radars or a war origins is the extensive NBC
TV/optromc sensor mounted above the (Nuclear Biological and
bridge slaved to the gun Chemical) warfare Collective
For anti-missile defence the ship Protection' system This
uses two Phalanx close in weapon consists of double air lock
systems as well as a large array of chaff doors, pre-wetting, crew NBC
launchers, 36 tubes, and a SLQ-32 ESM decontamination wash points,
system Some criticise the class for not an over pressure air
having any ECM equipment but this conditioning system with
would defeat the purpose of stealth as extensive filtration of incoming
ECM transmits a jamming signal air and recycling of existing air
designed to be detected In the future The over pressure system works
this transmission source could possibly by having positive pressure in
be used by anti-ship missiles to find the ship's spaces In the event
"stealthy" ships of a hull breech, air will escape Shmnietl on ihe hw Is a Mk-45 l'JT mm yun buntetl
hehlrul II Is the forward ceil \"LS with a Slk-lil Ihakinx
rather than enter the ship thus
Data links with other ships give the above K Tint >>l the fttur SP)'-ll) radars ran he seen antund In ihe centre of this photo is the ('a/Hams chair. Note the t w o larye wall nuiuntid multi-function dismays which yire the Ca/Hain or uroup commanthr a
keeping out any NBC the slo/ieil bridye superstructure. eery clear and precise picture of the battle.
DDG-51 commander, or embarked
c o n t a m i n a t e d
group commander, a dear and precise
material/particles Virtually the suffocate a fire These are either high degree of inter-operability the RAN technology and capability But however
Damage Control
whole ship is covered by the automatic upon detection of fire or has to have with the USN. Bearing this impressive the Arleigh Burke's
NBC Collective Protection', Damage control in the class of ship manually controlled All compartments in mind, questions are being asked technology is, it must
system except parts of the ;s state of the art Many of the lessons are fitted with sprinklers and the ship about the Anzac frigates' ability to be remembered that this is currently the
engine room and the bridge of the USS Belknap's collision with the makes its own foam to fight fires The perform the defence and escort norm and representative of current
due to the increased level of carrier USS John F Kennedy and the Iraqi only damage control drawback I could requirements of 3 USN CBG or technologies Maybe it is the mystique
exposure to the outside air Exocet attack on the USS Stark have see was that all the ship's passage ways amphibious group Consequently that the powers that be in Canberra feel
these places have been applied to the design to make a are very small, almost submarine like Australia needs a surface combatant this class of ship is endowed with, that
very survivable ship. Some of the This could present a problem for fire more capable than a simple Anzac prevents them from seeing an Arleigh
features include 70 tonnes of kevlar fighting teams of more than three frigate derivative to replace the DDGs Burke in the RAN order of battle Or
Engines
armour around the CIC which is located people but the ship's fire fighting system given that level of inter-operability If possibility it is more capable a ship than
The ship's engines consist just below the waterline of halon gas, foam and sprinklers may the current SEA 1400 project to replace our current and financially convenient
of seven gas turbines For The ships 13 bulkheads are made of reduce the need for large teams our DDGs is serious, that is. not expectations for conflict allow for and
propulsion the ship utilises four hardened steel to contain fire and During the crew's battle to save the replacing them with a modified Anzac whose acquisition would perpetuate the
LM-2500 gas turbines which explosions. In fact the whole ship is USS Stark the ship was nearly lost due frigate (with all its drawbacks further Foreign Affairs Department perception
propel it to a maximum speed made of steel except the funnels which the amount of water used by the crew modified), then it cannot go passed the of offending a regional neighbour,
of 31 knots via two controllable are aluminium. This could be said to be to extinguish the fires. Taking this into DDG-51 class as an Australian aircraft carrier is
pitch propellers. Other gas one of the lessons of the Falklands war account the Arleigh Burke's nave a When the Charles F. Adams suppose?! to
turbines consist of three Allison as the aluminium hulls of the Amazon primary and secondary drainage system destroyers joined the RAN it was Recently the Minister for Defence
501 K34 generators with one class ships actually burned and were Many of the ship's systems are double somewhat of a revolution Not just stated that 'we cannot predict what
located at the bow, amidships ineffective in containing fire and redundant and located at different areas because it was the first time we had may occur in the next 10-15 years'
and the stern One of these gas explosions. They also suffered from around the ship bought American warships, or that we Consequently a extremely capable ship
turbine generators can provide stress cracks in the heavy South Atlantic were the first overseas customer for the like the DDG-51 class is an absolute
all the power requirements to sea. class, but because of the technology necessity for a nation surrounded by
bmtkiny foncanl from the hcli /xul. Visible is the aft til cell
the ship's systems but two are Areas such as the engine rooms and
Conclusion
VLS. two Mk-141 quadruple Harpoon launches Nk-IB and capability the ships represented water, in order to counter any threat
l"halanx and tun of the three SPO-tU illumination rail,us
"T " T ? Mkir * , generally used so as to spl.t the each individual engine module are fitted Today the Arleigh Burke class and present a real deterrent for the
One can the sloped nature nf I he su/ierstrueturc a nil 3 7 The recent 'Tandem Thrust"
how compact the superstructure Is load on each generator and to with halon gas infusers and sprinklers to represents that same jump in uncertain future •
exercise demonstrated, yet again, the
The Navy. July September 1W7
The Navy. July-September IW7 lift
 KIWI Sealift
New Zealand
By Matth e u- W'riyht
Sealift for the Soldiers
New Zealand has its first military sealift ship - the former
7220-tonne Danish-owned container ship Merzandian Queen II.
now commissioned into the Royal New Zealand Navy as
HMNZS Charles Upham Named in honour of the country's
most decorated soldier, the vessel will move troops and
equipment in support of the Government's defence foreign
policies, and assist areas struck by cyclones, earthquakes and
other civil emergencies The ship's arrival changed the dark
prediction of the 1991 Defence White Paper that our response
to crisis could be limited "by available transport "
"We've got it!"
Immortal words they're not. but for Defence project
director Peter Ware and his team they marked final acceptance
of a hard-fought $14 million deal for New Zealand's first
military sealift ship The new ship sailed into Auckland after
unloading a cargo of containers in Australia to defray the costs
of bringing it out from Denmark Then in October 1996,
Upham s widow Molly officially named the ship, formally
commissioning it into the Royal New Zealand Navy
Charles Upham's main task will be to deploy the Army's
Ready Reaction Force on overseas operations - up to 150
troops, the M113A1 armoured personnel carriers (APCs). 4-ton
Ummog trucks, 8-ton dump trucks, 105 mm howitzers, rough
terrain cranes, field kitchens, the relocatable field surgery,
ammunition, stores and equipment
The ship will also enable the Defence Force to directly
support New Zealand's United Nations commitments Had the
vessel been available in 1995, it could have moved the APCs
and trucks deployed by the Army to Bosnia
A regular military task will be to support training exercises
both in New Zealand waters and overseas, but civil tasks will
probably give Charles Upham its highest profile. It can carry
freight and equipment for disaster relief operations anywhere
in the world It can deploy Army engineers and medical teams
into the South West Pacific, and if current modification plans
go ahead, it will even be able to s jpply fresh water, diesel and
aviation fuel to disaster zones
Any Army vehicle can be driven through the stern door at
any roll-on, roll-off terminal. If the ship berths at an ordinary
wharf, the side door will take everything except the D8
bulldozers Impressively, the vessel can sustain 14 5 knots at
full load, six months out of dock - that's with a fairly rough
bottom - in brisk winds and choppy seas, and it can
manoeuvre into the quayside in the same weather. Its
unrefuelled range at this speed is above 6000 nautical miles
and - more significantly - it has the long endurance needed to
operate effectively in the South Pacific.
/>/fence Quarterly
In whatever role it* used, the ship's cargo handling
abilities will make life easier for the other services They may
even end the days of shoe-horning over-large pieces of
equipment into the RNZAF's Hercules transports or jamming
relief supplies into the cramped quarters of the Navy's frigates
As a merchant ship, the Charles Upham required a crew of
seventeen, but with helicopter crews and spare personnel, it
will need permanent accommodation for 65 people, up to 10
percent of them women Standard accommodation for an
additional 150 is also planned
A flight deck will be installed with a hangar capable of
housing two helicopters - large enough to take Seahawks or
Sea Kings when the ship is operating with Australian forces
No firm decisions have been made whether the ship will have
a helicopter or helicopters of its own, and temporary
deployments may well meet the need
Four 0.5 inch machine guns will be installed and missile
defence provided by SBROC (chaff) launchers and an electronic
warfare suite A standard RNZN damage control centre will also
be installed, and the ship's radars supplemented with
Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) transponders Military
communication systems will be fitted HMSZS -CHARLES CPILiM' (!*<*•• • R.XZ.X)
The vessel is not amphibious, which means it must unload
unused most of the time But the ship has fifty reefer points for A stiff price tag of S200 million killed a proposal for a new
at a port rather than run up on a beach, though this would
refrigerated containers, which means that the Army might find vessel, so thinking turned to a second-hand military ship or
only be a problem if harbour facilities were damaged by storm
it easier to load a container of food, or even put a field kitchen converted merchantmen Specialist landing craft carriers like
or another natural disaster In such cases, the ship's helicopters
aboard the Royal Navy's tearless or the US Navy's Austin classes were
are deployed aboard the ship
considered but thought not to have the broader capabilities
The helicopter deck apart, most modifications are not
likely to be structural or expensive Even so, the Defence Force Critical Need needed for other tasks Cost was also still an issue, so there
was little progress for some years
is in no tearing hurry because, says Ministry Defence Project
The decision to buy the Mercandian Queen II goes back to
Director, Peter Ware, they "want to get it right." No firm By 1990, big capital procurements were being met out of
the shift of New Zealand's defence focus into the South Pacific
decisions will be taken on major alterations for some months, a shrinking defence budget, and the Navy's last big purchase -
During the 1950s, New Zealand became closely involved with
during which crews will be able to get operational experience the ANZAC frigates - left little room for a sealift ship But the
with the ship its home region almost for the first time W e joined ANZUS and 1991 Defence White Paper pushed the message again, the
SEATO W e sent forces to Malaysia and later to Vietnam. There Defence force had "insufficient transport to deploy and sustain
A few changes, however, have been made already The
ship was coated beiow the waterline with tri-butyl tin (TBT) was relief work in the South Pacific, with New Zealand military a reinforced battalion group away from New Zealand." The
anti-fouling paint, which isn't allowed in New Zealand waters frequently the first on the scene after natural disasters W e paper called for a sealift vessel able to "deploy a force into
because it leaves toxic residue That was removed in Denmark, became involved in a variety of United Nations initiatives. those islands which have seats of government or significant
and the ship's upperworks have been repainted "Waikato" or It was a wide-ranging policy dictated by New Zealand's centres for population "
RNZN grey position as an island nation dependent on globe-spanning
Special attention is also being paid to keeping the ship trade The need for a sealift ship tc move equipment in support
Australian Offer
clear of toxic or ozone depleting substances. The ship's fire- of those policies was clear, and by the 1960s the Navy wanted
fighting system will not be based on halon, nor will ozone- a tanker, the Army a vessel to carry men and equipment The Defence's thinking focused early on the Australian
depleting chloro-fluorocarbons be used in the refrigeration or proposed ship was to have an ice-strengthened bow for transport HMAS Tobruk. which the Australian's were prepared
air conditioning systems Antarctic operations, workshops, and helicopter facilities to lease because they were negotiating with the United States
As a merchant ship, the Charles Upham offers flexibility This was thinking big with a vengeance, but even in those to buy two Newport class tank landing ships Tobruk offered
and operating efficiencies that a specialised military vessel days. New Zealand couldn't afford such a costly ship. After the useful capabilities but there were real worries about operating
cannot. For example - there will be about 150 extra mouths ANZUS dispute of the mid 1980s, the Navy bought a tanker - costs - she was manpower intensive with a crew of 147
to feed when the Ready Reaction Force is embarked A galley HMNZS Endeavour - and the concept changed to a pure Basically, the NZDF wanted a vessel with at least 25 years
big enough to handle such numbers would be expensive, and logistics vessel able to carry the Army's men and equipment operating life, assuming minimum annual usage of 4850 hours
Thr .Wiry. July-SeiHemhrr /.'*>" The Xwy. July-September I'.fJT 27
 K I W I Seal ill

"WHAT IS A . . .
• Signalman/Telegraphist" •
The 'What is a . . . ' navy people series was originally written in late l!>5()s. The set of eight will lx-
re-pmduced in 'The Navy' during 19f)7-!)8.

(Hysterical note, or he went (particularly when it comes to buzzes). It flash mysteriously day and night. For
data way) consisted at the beginning of only seme odd reason this flashing is
Signalmen, but internal strife (and understood by other Signalmen. (No-
Once, way back in history (Naval Macaroni) split the Branch, which one can explain this - not even the
history that is, as apposed to other more eventually settled quite naturally into Signalmen). Apart from these two
progressive types of history) there was two camps - the Telegraphists forming duties. Signalmen look through
an Admiral called Nelson Because of a the "other" camp telescopes, binoculars, key-holes, and
weak voice, this Admiral was unable to sun themselves all day on the flag deck
make verbal contact with a certain Lady
Signalmen It is rumoured that Signalmen
of Hamilton, and so he invented Signals
consider themselves to be higher than
Signalmen were born(e) that day Being old Nelsomans they demand the rest This is understandable from
Much later on, an Italian by the first place A Signalman is the person such an olde worlde branch who work
name of Macaroni, was so lonely one you see hauling up odd pieces of way up in the air. (They are higher -
night that he decided to invent wireless. coloured rag hoping to God that it can't get much higher than the Flag
Telegraphists were born(e) that night. conveys a message to someone As well Deck, mate!)
The joint result of the above was as this, Signalmen operate with staccato
the Communication Branch which as w e like movement, a curious mechanical
Telegraphists
all know is an uncommunicative one Venetian blind covered lamp. This they

According to my dictionary, the

at sea and 2100 in harbour Finding one for sale in the right the 8800-ton cruiser Gambia during World War II word telegraphist comes from two very
bracket wasn't easy, but from the available choices, a ship able Many decisions have yet to be made before the Charles old words, "tele" meaning "sound",
to meet 80 percent of Army's needs appeared a better deal and "graph" meaning "to write". Which
Upham is fully operational, but at this stage the future of New
than a larger and more expensive vessel The Mercandian meanings, in the case of the
Zealand's military transport looks bright Certainly the ship will
Queen II - one of a class of five roll-on-roll-off freighters - was Telegraphist, is absolutely correct, for
give a much needed boost in an area that has long been they do "sound" (invariably off) and they
for sale in Denmark and seemed right for the job
lacking, and it looks set to do so at a minimum cost to the do spend their time writing - home
With a typical displacement of 7220 tonnes, the ship is
taxpayer 8 Apart from this they hide in
almost the same size as the Navy fleet tanker HMNZS Endeavour
compartments around the ship,
It is also one of the largest vessels the Navy has operated since
amongst and behind, odd assortments
of radio equipment
Like other complex social groups
(Ubanga natives for example)
Telegraphists have a code. This they
Vital Statistics follow religiously.
Some people feel that telegraphists
are anti-social and keep away from
D e a d w e i g h t (at draft of 6.16 metres): 7220 tonnes other people This is not true. Their job
entails them being " a w a y " as it were, in
Dimensions: 131 7 m (overall length); 19 39 m (breadth); 1 1 6 m (depth to first deck)
small compartments marked NO
Engine: MAK Diesel. Type 12M453AK. developing 5250 bhp ADMITTANCE where they work at
(security prevents me from saying what
Auxiliaries: 3 Mercedes-Benz diesels, each 344kw. single screw Bow thruster 900 hp
they actually do in these
Speed: Trial speed at 4890 bhp and 4 97 metres draft = 15.7 knots compartments). Obviously however, it
must be hard on them, for you often see
Cargo Capacity: 516.000 cubic feet, or 414 containers, or 111 trailers (12 2m length), or 611 cars
the Telegraphist emerging tired looking,

Bunker Capacity: 522 cubic metres haggard and worn. This is probably
because they have been . (once more
Fuel Consumption: 18.5 metric tonnes per day security forbids disclosure). •

The Navy. .luly-SejMemher l!H>7

Thr Snni. ./uln-SrjHrttt/irf I'I'IT
 Hook K n i l / W S I>
< >ol\ K o ivw s

Forgotten Fleet U-Boat Far From Home

By Bill Lunney and Frank Finch By David Stevens
Published hy Forfteet Publishing. 7 Wade Close. MEDOWIE. NSW. 2318 Published by Allen and i'nwin
(41st: $35 plus post and /Kicking Cost: $24.95
Reviewed hy Ross Gillett Reviewed by Greg Swinden

Many naval writers researching
their books in the 1990s seem to be
specialising on those ships and fleets of
naval vessels, somehow forgotten by
the official war historians First of these
was Trying to be Sailors by John Leggoe.
then Iris Nesdale with Small Sh.ps at War
and last year, Brian Alsop with his
Australian Army Watercraft
Now from the stables' of Forfleet
comes another mystery navy' Titled the
Forgotten Fleet, it is a history of the part
played by Australian men and ships in
the United States Army Small Ships
Section in New Guinea between 1942
and 1945
In the introduction to the book, the
authors state. There were schooners,
such as the HAROLD and the ARGOSY
LEMAL. packed with
ferries from Sydney (BINNGARRA) and
Newcastle (KOONDOOLOO)
ancient four stack ex-destroyer-cum-
babana-boat, the MASAYA.
oldest ship in the fleet
ORTANNA. built in 1876,
had enjoyed previous lives as a steam
paddle tug, three masted schooner and
sugar lighter
But. The Forgotten Fleet is also a
story of the personnel who manned the
mixture of vessels, one skipper had
gone to the Boer War at the age
of 13. many had served in the Great
War. and others in the more recent
Spanish Civil War More than 3000
Australians volunteered
with the US Army Small Ships
skipper had one leg, an engineer
radio operated his boat's machinery with
U-Boat Far From Home, by former the German submarine U862 to Stevens has used extensive personal
Australian armed forces, but soon Naval officer David Stevens, is an Australian and New Zealand waters in information from the crew of U862, and
- and an found a niche in this other army/naval excellent account of the epic voyage by 1944-45 survivors from the two Liberty ships that
force It describes in detail the were sunk, to give the reader the
The actions of U862 and her crew human insight of the war at sea from
The book is divided into three parts,
under the command of
was the the history of operations, the memories both the German and Allied viewpoint.
Korvettenkapitan (Lieutenant
which and finally, the ships and personnel All The research to complete this book is
Commander) Timm from their
are illustrated by clear large format first class and has come from archives
departure from Germany in mid
photographs, numerous sketches and around the world as well as private
1944 until the end of the war
papers
maps of the areas of operations U862 was the only U-Boat to
enjoy any sort of success in U-Boat Far From Home is well
The Forgotten Fleet is highly
Australasian waters with the
recommended to all readers of The illustrated with several maps of the
sinking of two 7000 ton Liberty
Navy Its an absorbing tale of these areas in which U862 operated and
ships in December 1944 and
unusual vessels who sailed un-escorted, relevant photographs of the submar ne,
February 1945 respectively
close to enemy lines, transporting her crew and their opponents. It also
This is not just an operational
everything from guns and ammunition has a substantial endnotes section
history of a single submarine, but
to biscuits, fuel and tanks, to troops, the which reinforce the information in the
to serve describes in detail the German U-
wounded and deceased, to and from chapters.
One Boat campaign and why a
the safety of the allied ports U-Boat Far From Home is a
submarine should be so far from
Phone enquiries regarding The the normal area of operations in paperback and at $24.95 it is well worth

communications gear There were one arm Many had been declared Forgotten Fleet can be made to Ruth the Atlantic It also looks at the the money and available from most
ketches and tug boats and old harbour medically unsuitable for the regular Lunney, Editor, on 049 - 828 437. • actions of the RAN and RAAF in good bookshops. I enjoyed it and
combating this new threat in found it not just to be a historical text,
what was, by 1944-45, very but a 'bloody good read' as well. Very
much a rear area of the war. highly recommended. •
The Armed Forces of Indonesia
By Robert Lowry
Published hy Allen and I'nwin
Cost:
Reviewed by Joe
$29.95
Straczek
U-BOOTE
1935-1945 The History of the Kreigsmarine U-Boats
For many years the Republic of Staff College and so has the ability, This book is part of a general series By Robert Lowry
Indonesia had been viewed, officially not only to write on the Indonesian of books on the Armed Forces of Asia Published by Mien and I'nwin
and unofficially, as Australia's most military with authority but to do so being edited by Professor Desmond Cost: $29.95
likely enemy Today the point of view is from an Australian perspective Ball. As such it has set a hiqh standard Reviewed by Joe Straczek
different Australia and Indonesia, The book covers the entire for the others to follow and build
whilst still having many differences, spectrum of the Indonesian political upon The real challenge to the series
Books published in France, about in 1943 with the anti-submarine high speed (30 knot) submarine and
have many common goals and and military structure from strategic authors will however be to keep these
the German naval war activities and weapons and tactics improved to finally, a boat capable of independent
objectives One of these objectives is policy through to the people that make books relevant over the years by
readily available in Australia in English, respond to the threat, the Final Effort open-ocean operations, the Type XXI.
regional stability and security The up the Armed Forces. It is an attempt updating and amending them as
are not great in number. This via German technical innovations and Supporting the excellent
change in attitude of both countries to provide a succinct survey of the required
particular effort was completed in late lastly, the Death of the Wolves. narrative, the U-BOOTE book is well
has also come about as a result of a organisation and what drives it. As The publishers should also be 1996, presenting a complete To improve the performance of his illustrated by hundreds of new
greater understanding between the General Murdani stated in the commended for initiating the series breakdown of the operations of the U- U-Boats, Admiral Doenitz explored a photographs, with colour technical
military and political organisations of Foreword, whilst many in Indonesia, and it is hoped that these books are Boat force. number of technical innovations drawings, contemporary posters,
the two countries This »^ook. The and for '.hat matter in Australia, may read by a wider audience than just U-BOOTE begins with a brief including improved diving capabilities, paintings, sketches and some wartime
Armed Forces of Indonesia is in not agree with what Mr Lowry has those within the political/military circle. account of the rebirth of the type, new magnetic torpedoes, additional photographs.
many ways the product of this written he has made a none the less All in all Mr Lowry has produced an followed by detailed descriptions, anti-aircraft guns of some classes, All aspects of the life of the U-
improving of relations between the two valuable contribution which should be informative book which should become from the first victories in 1939-40, the improved aircraft detection devices to Boat are covered in this glossy, hard
countries The author, as an read by all those who are interested in essential reading for anybody massive U-Boat campaign of 1941-42 avoid crash dives to escape allied back book, with numerous onboard
Australian Army officer, attended the military policies and structures of interested in The Armed Forces of which almost destroyed the allied warplanes. the Schnorkel to improve views of personnel and equipment.
the Indonesian Army Command and our northern neighbour. Indonesia. • powers war effort, the Turning Point underwater endurance, a design for a Highly recommended. •

Mt The .Wiry. July-September I!HI7 The .Vary. July-September 1987 81

 International Roundup
Compile*! by Mike James

Indonesian Submarines BOB HOPE build an air defence vessel to replace the
existing Type 42 batch 1 and 2
The German Government has The US Navy has christened the first
destroyers, completed from 1976 -
confirmed that Indonesia intends to buy ship in a new class of roll on / roll off
1982 As is the nature of such multi-
five ex-German Navy Type 206 cargo ships The 62,000 ton USNS BOB
national programmes, HORIZON is
submarines The boats, unlike 12 HOPE is capable of carrying almost
already running late and over budget,
sisters, did not receive a major 400,000 square feet of cargo, mostly
with the first ship not expected to enter
modernisation between 1987-92 and helicopters, tanks and vehicles, at 24
service until 2005 This could see the
have been declared surplus to German knots Once accepted into service BOB
batch 1 and 2 Type 42s pay off before a
Navy requirements Displacing 500 HOPE will be used to store pre-
replacement is available Into this
tonnes dived, the five boats. U13. U14, positioned US Army equipment and
scenario has stepped the US Navy, who
U19, U20 and U21. are armed with based at the US Indian Ocean base of
are rumoured to have offered the RN
eight 21 inch torpedo tubes (no Diego Garcia where it can be rapidly
the lease / loan of five TICONDEROGA
reloads) Designed for the shallow moved to the Persian Gulf in a crisis The
class cruisers to tide the RN over until
waters of the Baltic they should prove ship is named after the legendary actoi
the first HORIZON commissions. The
useful in the similarly shallow waters of who entertained US troops worldwide in
the Indonesian archipelago numerous wars for over 50 years. ships reportedly on offer are the first
five, fitted with less capable electronics
Corvettes for South Africa New British Nuclear Subs and the older Mk 26 missile launcher
instead of the vertical launch systems
The South African Navy is once The Royal Navy has signed a
fitted in latter units. However, the USN
again m the running for a class of contract with GEC Marine for the supply
are now deciding if they will update the
corvettes to replace the MINISTER class of an initial batch of three ASTUTE class
older cruisers, as a cost saving measure
patrol boats The new ships will be nuclear attack submarines, with an
much larger than the current 430 tonne option for two more to follow The
New Indian Boats
MINISTERS, able to cope with the large initial order is worth more than two
seas off the South African coasts The billion pounds A total of five boats are
India is reported to have signed a
UK is reported to have made an offer to needed to replace the aging SWIFTSURE
deal for the delivery of two additional
supply 2500 tonne corvettes similar to class SSNs The first boat is not due to
KILO class submarines These will be of
the LEKIU class fitting out for Malaysia commission until at least 2005, by
a more modern variant than the eight
One part of the deal is that the SAN has which time SWIFTSURE will have been in
KILO class currently in service, featuring
been offered the four decommissioned commission for more than 30 years
improved fire control and quieter
UPHOLDER class submarines at an
Another Majestic Goes propulsion One is scheduled for
attractive" price to replace the SAN's Montage of United States Naval alrrrnft from the USS "INDEPENDENCE"
delivery later this year with the second
agmg MARIA VAN RlEBEECK class All u-ere taken in April by ABPH Simon Metcalfe An F-14A Tomcat fighter bomber I topi.
The ranks of aircraft carrier due in 1998 Such a rapid delivery F1A I8C Hornet ICentre left),
operating navies has shrunk by one with a Tomcat leads two Hornets and an EA-6A Prowler in the rear (Centre right),
suggests that the two boats are lying
UAE an E-2C Hawkeye early warning aircraft Ilower left)
the decision by the Argentinian Navy to partially completed in Russian yards, and the forward flight deck of Ihe carrier Ilower right)

The United Arab Emirates signed an
agreement with the Royal Netherlands
Navy last year for the transfer of two
scrap the 52 year old VEINTICINCO DE
unable to be completed for the cash
MAYO Laid down as HMS VENERABLE
strapped Russian Navy
for the Royal Navy in 1942, she was sold

KORTENAER class frigates As is often to the Royal Netherlands Navy in 1948 Wave Class
the case with arms deals in that part of prior to her acquisition by the

the world, the customer seems to have Argentinian's in 1968 Her poor The Royal Navy has placed an order

changed their minds again While the condition and advancing age kept her for new tankers to replace the 30-year-

two frigates will still be delivered the from playing a meaningful part in the old support tankers OLWEN and OLNA

latest thinking seems to be turning 1982 Falklands War In recent years she The contract, worth some 200 million
towards smaller vessels, with a request was been reported to have been laid up pounds, was placed with Vickers
for proposals for a class of six missile in a poor state of repair, unlikely to ever Shipbuilding and Equipment, for
boats and several corvettes being go to sea again delivery in 2000 and 2001 The new
issued Exactly how the UAE Navy, with ships, designated Fast Fleet Tankers, will
Horizon
a total strength of 2100 personnel will be named WAVE KNIGHT and WAVE
be able to man these ships is not certain, The Royal Navy .s a participant in RULER. A mixed crew of 22 RN and 80
each frigate requires almost 200 crew the tri-nation HORIZON programme to civilians will be carried.

The .Vary. July-September 1997

 The three units of the former Hong Kong Squadron ' j f x M f l will soon be sold to the Philippines Navy

The restored Qantas Super Constellation makes a hu lei-el pass aboie the USS "CONSTELLATION"
to mark her arnt>al in Sidney IABPH A Alduonhf
ISSN
 In this Issue Viewpoint
Colonial Curiosity - The Gunboat Spitfire 4
The last three months has witnessed several notable milestones
Submarines and the ADF 10
fcr the RAN in 1997 During July, the senior service' celebrated with
Fleet Launchings 12
HMAS AE2 Located 14 the launchings of the lead ships for both the Minehunter Coastal
What's in a Name - Part II 15 project (HUON) and the new generation hydrographic ship (LEEUWIN)
ANZUS at 45 17 On the historic front, Turkish authorities announced that the
ALBION and BULWARK 18 remains of the 84-year-old submarine HMAS AE2 had been discovered
Japanese Submarines since 1954 32 in the Sea of Marmara by Rahmi M KOC Maritime Museum, a private
Onboard a Fairmile 33 consortium The boat lies at a depth of 85 metres
ADFA Tour Gallipoli 34 On Wednesday. 13 August, the Minister for Defence Science and
What is a Cook? 38
Personnel. Mrs Bronwyn Bishop, became the first female to stay

Regular Features overnight in an Australian submarine The event took place in South
Australian waters aboard NUSHIP FARNCOMB. second of the Collins
Viewpoint 1
class to be commissioned into the Australian Fleet Describing the
Naval News 19
conditions aboard her submerged home of 18 hours as
Observations 26
"commodious", the Minister also announced that up to 83 females
All Compass Points 28
would begin training for the submarine arm in 1999
The Navy Revisited 36
Book Reviews 39 On Friday, 22 August. Mrs Bishop also launched the n ew Defence
Industry Internet onboard HMAS MELBOURNE at Garden Island in
Our Front Cover Sydney She described the ADC site as "an important new link in taking
NUSHIP FARNCOMB. o« Thistle Wand, near Port Lincoln in August. 1977 Australia's defence and technology products to markets around the
(Photo - CPOPH Cameron Martin) world"
The new site is accessible via www.adc.gov.au
Corporate Members
Courtesy of the Internet and beginning in this edition of The Navy.
THE AUSTRALIAN SHIPOWNERS ASSOCIATION
COMPUTER SCIENCES OF AUSTRALIA PTY LTD we will feature "All Compass Points", an overview of the more
BTR AEROSPACE AUSTRALIA significant naval news from Asia. Europe and North America For the
HAWKER DE HAVILLAND LIMITED long standing readers of The Navy. I suppose it's a logical development
ROCKWELL SYSTEMS AUSTRALIA PTY LTD
of the old "Nautical Notes" which appeared in the 1960s and 1970s
STRANG INTERNATIONAL PTY LTD
Thanks to Internet, news stories from around the globe can now be
The Navy accessed for re-production in the magazine
All letters to the editor, contributions etc to. Some additional 'foreign' reports to appear in this edition,
The Editor. Ross Gillett
courtesy of Antony Preston, outline the growth of the Japanese
4 Dela Close.
Dee Why. NSW. 2099 submarine force over the past 40 years and from the United Kingdom,
a technical description of the new LPDs (landing platform dock),
Subscriptions and Membership ALBION and BULWARK
All magazine subscription and membership enquiries to,
Ross Gillett
The Hon Secretary.
NSW Division.
The opinions or assertions expressed in The Navy are those of the
Navy League of Australia.
GPO Bo» 1719. authors and are not necessarily those of the Federal Council of the
Navy League of Australia, the Editor of The Navy or the Royal Australian
Copy deadline for t h e next issue is 9th N o v e m b e r 1997. Navy •

THE NAVY LEAGUE OF AUSTRALIA

The netc coastal minehunter. 'IWON", prior to launching in Newcastle on
SOUTH AU5TRAJL1AN OMSJON
Pafron in OiM Ho Excellency The Governor General Patron; Ho Excellency The Governor ot South AuHraha
aidant Graham M Harm. RfO ' t Alan Prekea RFD. 15 SleepiH* Drive. Panorama SA 5041
MVwktontv RADM AJ Robertson. AO. DSC RAN (Rtd) John B«d. CDR£ HJ P Adarra. I J.E. GiU GPO Box 1529. Adelaide. SA 5001 Telephone (06) 8347 1985
AM. RAN (Rtd) CAPT HA Joiephv, AM. RAN (Rtd)
Hon. Swratvy: Don Schrapel PO Bo* 135. WtxxMlle. SA SOU ON
Telephone (08) 8347 I98S F*> (06) 8347 3256 Pali OIL Ho Excellency The Governor of Taimana
ft Midi it MJ Cooper. OAM
Hon.Sea«ttry:MrsJM Coopet 42 Amy Road. Launaston Tai 7250 Telephone (03)6344 1531
rorr Ho Excellency The Governor of New South Wales
ddant R O Albert. AM RFD, RD
i Sacmtary. J CI Jeppeion. QAM RTD GPO Box 1719. Sy<fr*y NSW 2001
Telephone (02) 9570 8425 Fax (02) 9232 8383
Patron: Ho Exefcncy The Governor of Wtetem Australia
Patron: Ho Exteiency The Goiernor of Victoria
rilhnt J M <Mkm RFD* Hon. Seo««y MriGHevwa 23 Uwler Road. Attadale.WA 6156 Telephone (09)330 3600
n. Sao-atary T E lUbum. MBE. VRD', PO Box 1303 Box H* Delivery Cent* VIC 3128
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EENSLAND DIVISION (099)21 1200(B)
rort Ho Excellency The Governor of Queensland Afeany D Bray Lot 46 Frederick Street. Gletfwwt via Atoany WA6330 Telephone (098)
ifcteot l M Frater. OAM 41 6542.
t. Seawtary: R D Poufton. RFO, PO Box 170. Oeveland. Old 4163 Telephone (07)3345 2174.
ttBrandw
mi A Cummeen. PO Box 1009, Caimv Od 4870 Telephone (070)541195
I McDougall. PO Box 1478, TowmvtBe. Old 4810 Telephone. (077) 72 4588 Admira. Mkhael W Hud»r\ AC RAN (Rtd)
July. (Ilutto - ABPH .Intionette Aldworth) dtay: Mrs W Oibom. PO Box 5527 Mackay Old 4740 Telephone (079) 55 1663 We Admiral David Leach. AC CBE. LVO, RANEM
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The Navy. October-December 1997 1

 11 ( M I L UWITLK I S

A posted book can be

FROM OUR READERS obtained

payable
by
to
forwarding
HMAS Manoora
$30

Association
there have been many studies
Addressed to
done, of optimum efficiency
J C Wilson
periods. ie periods when the
1/146 Bay Road
best can be expected of people
Sandnngham VIC 3191
on ships at sea In saying this, I
Yours very truly.
fully realise that this applies to
Graham Robinson
peacetime conditions only As in
(Hon Secretary)
war. it's a fight for national
survival and the niceties' of
proper rest cannot always be Colonial
granted However, the following
was what was found after Dear Sir.

studies done in the UK - mostly I am currently, in my spare

by the major oil companies - BP. time, researching the personnel
Shell and Esso being the most w h o served in. or were attached
noticeable to, the Victorian Navy
As you know, the Colony of
It was found, that peoples
Victoria put a lot of effort into
efficiency peaked at about five
naval matters and I am
and a half months then went 'AITAPE'. the first Utunchiiuf <u nu/ht
attempting to gather as much
downhill rapidly after that I
The book details the eight information together as possible
would like to ask the Editor if he Point Cook and an annual happened Volunteers, many
is aware of any similar study w h o have already given much to on the people that made up that
:UT.XI'E' ilunmi huikitiu) heritage competition assault landings in which she
done m the RAN linking time at the Navy, are expected to put force I am attempting, through
But despite possessing took part in New Guinea.
your magazine, to get in contact
Farewell "AITAPE" commissioning of the name ship E d i t o r The print of AITAPE in sea and efficient performance of Spectacle Island in Sydney the their hands in their pockets and Philippines and Borneo during
of the class. H M A S ATTACK the last edition was taken direct duty And if so. may w e perhaps use their money to provide basic with anyone with a similar
Navy doesn t seem to care too 1944-45 As well as the history,
Dear Sir. Although ATTACK was to have from a newspaper, and in this see the results Fatigue and items for museums Museums interest or who might have
much about it or any other the publication includes ongmal
As the first Commanding commissioned several months case, a very poor quality, very stress have become major which Commanding Officers information that may be able to
aspect of its history Operational and Flotilla Orders
Officer of H M A S AfTAPE (later ahead of AITAPE. her Brisbane wrinkled, piece of newspaper problems in all areas of work seem to be so proud of but are help me
As a veteran I am proud of to Boats Crews, which illustrate
HMPNGS AITAPE). I was builders. Evans Deakm, met with print and I just wondered what the not willing to fight for Any assistance you can give
my service. I volunteered at a the detail that made the assault
particularly sad to see the delays, and AITAPE s builders. Navy point of view on this was Well I am sorry I've had me would be greatly
time when our nation was in landings so successful The
photograph of her scuttling in Walkers in Maryborough, w o n or is. enough and the Navy has just appreciated
"VOYAGER" mortal danger To me. my period orders are unique to the LSI*
the July-September 1997 edition the unofficial "race" to lost another part of its history,
Thank you Gavin Ryan, for of service was a significant part and are not promulgated by any
of The Navy This m fact was my complete the first Attack class and will probably loose the rest, Yours faithfully.
Dear Sir. a very interesting article of my life My life, and the lives other type of RAN vessel
first knowledge of this dismal patrol boat Thus, not only was not that they really care Frank Noonan
As a regular reader of 'The of many other navalmen, is part
Also in the book are twenty
end to the AITAPE the AITAPE the first patrol boat D Block. Victoria Barracks
Navy". I was fascinated by Gavin Yours etc. of the history of the Navy A
onginal illustrations depicting life St Kilda Road
It is a great shame that the m the PNG Defence Force, but Ryan's very readaUe account of Dave Smith history in which today's Navy A Hadlam
onboard ship by AB Roger Gittus Southbank 3006
PNG National Museum was not she was also the first of her class a Far East Commission on the Altona VIC 3018 doesn i appear to show much PYRMONT 2009
- an Official Naval War Artist
able to find the resources to in the RAN! destroyer H M A S Voyager in the interest Economic rationalism
preserve this ship AITAPf was AITAPE eventually arr-ved at fifties A veritable time capsule PS. The pictures taken at sea has supplanted espir.t de corps Editor: What do
after all. the first vessel of what the Patrol Boat Base at H M A S of a read - if you'll pardon my especially of the 'Munga' (HMAS and traditions readers think about
became the independent TARANGAU. Manus Island, in expression Warramunga) were a treat to the state of our few
The Army and Air Force
Defence Force of Papua New early January 1968 after a work- He touched upon various look at. Of the days when naval museums'
have left Navy m their wake'
Guinea it is also a pity that the up m the Sydney-Jervis Bay area interesting things. From life on the destroyers looked like when it comes to appreciating
Museum's difficulties m m November-December 1967 board to the mter-regional destroyers Long, lean, grey and the rich fabric of service history Manoora Book
maintaining the vessel were not Sobering to think that all these tensions of the times and the menacing But also - dare I say it Navy has only a small number o•
more widely known, as it is events are nearly thirty years allies that they fostered - beautiful museums, mostly staffed by Dear Sir,
possible that some effort to save ago Including the 'feel' of what it volunteers like myself Yet it It would be
her could have been mounted I have enclosed was like to be there in 'the pride seems to be hesitant to provide a appreciated if you
from Australia
WITHER OUR HISTORY would place a notice
photographs of the launching of of the fleet' at that time One of penny to these Money to Army
his many interesting observations, in your next edition
AITAPf was launched in AITAPE. along with a view of the In recent years a lot has and Air Force museums and
that the HMAS
Maryborough. Queensland, on 6 vessel taken off Sydney in was that after an enthusiastic been done by the Australian history does not seem to be in
M A N O O R A
July 1967 by Mrs Maloat Paliau. December 1967 start to the commission, the high Sen/ices in promoting their short supply Is it that they are
Association has
the wife of the Member for levels of energy and efficiency history. better managers or do they care
recently published a
Manus Island in the PNG House Yours faithfully. started to go 'off the boil' as he Army has developed an about their history and naval
book relating to the
of Assembly W e commissioned Sam Bateman puts it - after a period of about extensive network of museums people d o n ' t '
time when HMAS
at H M A S MORETON in Brisbane Commodore AM RANR 7 months. and has an active program of Last year w e had a visit
MANOORA was a
on 13 November 1967 This was KEIRAVILLE NSW 2S00 In the Merchant Service, of highlighting its history. The Air from a Mr Fry promising much,
Landing Ship Infantry HMAS. IIT. WE uniicnruy.
a week or so ahead of the which I am a retired member. Force has a large museum at but typically nothng has

The .Wiry. October-1 k-crmbcr 1907 Thr Xtiry. Itrtnhrr-ltm-mhrr W!>7 »

 I ,.I..III.,I .MIX I I

Colonial Curiosity - The Gunboat "Spitfire" sailing vessel named Lady Denison. He
was given the contract to design and
The only known picture of her is an
etching first reproduced in the
is being described as a
Although some references of this type
schooner

build the gunboat.
(a>1 in . Jones
So it was that the ketch Spitfire was
launched at Cuthbert s yard, at Millers
Point, on 4 April 1855, in the presence
of the Portmaster. Captain Brown and
Mr Moriarty. Her construction had been
gratifyingly swift. Cuthbert's yard could
launch a vessel like this two months
after the laying of the keel. She was
intended to carry 'one long gun (32
pounder) on a traversing carriage, the
rail and bulwarks on either side being so
constructed as to allow of their being
lowered at any time so as not to impede
the firing in any direction'. The
following description indicates her size
and build:
Illustrated Sydney News of 14 April
1855 (and a sketch produced by naval
historian, the late Mr. John Bastock -
Editor). The 1855 etching is probably
speculative to a degree, as she would
probably not have had her masts in her
before the sketch was published The
weight of evidence points to her being
rigged as a schooner, certainly by 1867
and possibly by 1856. The well-known
photograph of a ketch moored at a
buoy by the Endeavour Tree in
Cooktown and dressed with flags, does
not show the Spitfire but is actually the
Pilot
The Early Life of the "Spitfire''
date from a later period, and the
description may have been generic
rather than accurate, there seems a very
good chance that she was rerigged for
service on Moreton Bay. Colonial
boatmen generally seem to have felt
more at home with a schooner than
with a ketch or a cutter, and probably
looked for the heavier rig to produce a
better speed. Some reference to her rig
may be deduced from the report of the
damage she suffered in 1861, when the
boat was carried away, she lost the
topmast gaff and the stay foresail, and
the bowsprit was thrown athwart the
bow. In 1860 and 1861 the newspapers
consistently referred to her as the
'government sloop', which referred to

A question hangs over the early her role rather than to her rig. At the
Dimensions, tonnage and layout time of her loss she was a schooner,
years of the Spitfire, as a history of the
Cuthbert yard stated that she was built fitted with topmasts and rigged with
tonnage 60 tons
for service in Moreton Bay. Despite hemp except for wire main stays. Her
measurement
contemporary newspaper opinion that owner in 1896 noted that she had
(burthen)
she was for the defence of Sydney, this formerly been fitted with a running
length 62' between
is a logical conclusion. Sydney and bowsprit, which was drawn in as sails
perpendiculars
Newcastle were right on the ocean and were reefed.
51' keel for tonnage
(not actual length of could be fortified quite easily whereas Moreton Bay was the Cinderella
keel) the approaches to the Brisbane River area of the colony, where the
beam 16' moulded (to outside were difficult, and could be better government in Sydney only spent
SPITFIRE', hulli In Sydney in ISM. (Dnnelnt) - omrtesy Mr. John linstock) of frames) served by a gunboat. It is also very money if it had to. The navigation could
depth of hold 7'3" (later noted as possible that she never carried her gun. be very dangerous, certainly for the
The Building of a Gunboat Smope in November 1853, and the named in his honour on its completion 6'6'*) There was. after all. no colonial military unwary, as witnessed by the ship
annexation in the September of the year in 1857 As he wrote. draught 5'6" (designed) establishment except for poorly trained Phoebe Dunbar which was stranded at
During the early colonial period in
of New Caledonia by the French You laugh, and with reason, at the armament strengthened to take and organised volunteers, and for Amity after mistaking Point Lookout for
Australia, all governments supported a warlike actions she would probably have
For the first time, Australia could panic which led people in these colonies one long 32 Cape Moreton, on 5 May 1856
variety of vessels for official purposes, had to be commissioned and manned
have an enemy on its doorstep Britain to insist upon fortifying themselves pounder (9'6") Nevertheless, a lighthouse was under
but few that could be regarded as and France had declared war on Russia from the British squadron locally. In the
against the Russians I never partook of build & layout ketch rigged, raked construction, and the Spitfire carried the
warships For this, the existence of a on 27 March 1854, and the allied fleet Moreton Bay region there were no
this panic, but I have gone into the stem and square lantern and other gear from Brisbane to
legitimate disciplined force was in the Pacific sailed to attack the Russian question of the defence of Sydney for volunteers at all. Certainly she was
counter stern, keel Moreton Island. The light was formally
required, and after the closure of the base at Petropavlovsk in August the purpose of keeping off much more unarmed when she went to Moreton proclaimed on 29 Januaiy 1857.
of ironbark, frames
penal facilities, it was not considered Communications were slow and unpleasant neighbours than the Bay, and no 32 pounder gun was ever
of blackbutt, kauri
necessary rudimentary, and many in Sydney Russians, namely, our friends the French, held on the Queensland establishment.
planking, copper
The defence of the country as a saw the need for greater defence,
Moreton Bay Pilot
and our relations the Americans. fastened throughout As for the war with Russia, the
whole rested in the hands of the Royal especially in view of the inadequate Whether a panic move, or one done and sheathed with Russian Pacific squadron was found to In 1857 the schooner Pearl, which
Navy, and the residual garrison forces of state of such coastal gun batteries as on consideration, the other action was 22oz copper. A small be hidden up the Amur River by May had been purchased the previous year,
the British army Nevertheless, the existed. the building of a gunboat By the 1850s, cabin aft. and other 1855 and Sebastopol fell on 9 August. was surveyed and found to be in need
absence of permanent local forces The main defence of Sydney, it steam had pervaded the whole accommodation, for Indeed. HMS Acheron was of repair, so she was replaced as pilot
worried the colonial administrators, seemed, resided in the paddle sloop operation of the British fleet, and the a maximum of about decommissioned, then sold at Sydney vessel for Moreton Bay by the Spitfire
especially in the wake of the great gold Acheron, whose 1-68pdr and 4-32pdr building of a sailing gunboat was a real 12 persons. As a on 24 September 1855. The navy was From December 1857 to May 1862,
rushes of the early 1850s. to the extent guns would be the main force available rarity, but for New South Wales it was a pilot vessel she no longer considering war, and the William Bousefield was her master, and
that the colony of Victoria determined in to repulse an enemy. For his part. Sir practical and swift solution to the needed to be roomy Spitfire would naturally be found other she was worked by a crew of five. The
1853 to have a 'war steamer' built in William Denison, the Governor of New problem of floating defence A local enough to take a work to do. pilot vessel had other duties w h e n not
Britain Other influences of the time South Wales, judiciously strengthened shipbuilder, John Cuthbert. had a yard buoy on board and attending to the shipping, as she was
The next question which hangs over
were the growing likelihood of a major the defences of Sydney with the facing Darling Harbour, and he had she usually carried a responsible for the buoys and markers in
the Spitfire is her rig. Certainly she was
war in Europe, following the Battle of building of the Pmchgut fort, which was already built for the government a whaleboat. the bay. as well as for the lightship Rose
built as a ketch, but only a year later she

The Navy. ()cu>ber-December 1(197 The Navy. October-December 1997 O

 ( i >ll Ml i . l I ( III I lu ( IIIIIIMMI " ^ j l i l lllV

which had been sailed up from Sydney requested that an officer from the the year and it was opened as a port of
in 1856 survey ship Herald be made available to entry on 9 March 1861. The town of

Who's world class in ship Two pilots and nine boatmen lived
ashore on Moreton Island at Cowan
Cowan, in very primitive conditions, and
continue survey work in Queensland
before she left Sydney. In consequence it
was suggested that the Royal Navy
Bowen was soon established.
Spitfire meanwhile returned to Brisbane
on 18 October 1860. While she had
The

repair and modernisation? they would be signalled by balls from

the flagstaff at Cape Moreton light if a
ship needed their assistance The pilot
would make an officer available and
that Queensland would provide a vessel
of 80 tons for the work. Such a decision
been away the smal! cutter Flora filled in
as pilot vessel. As for Joseph Smith, he
was replaced by another man.
station was convenient, as the same required parliamentary approval, but in The year 1860 saw the
ADI is the aaswer. wind that brought a sailing ship up the the interim. Assistant Master Joseph appointment of Lieutenant George
A D I s Garden Island facility in Sydney coast from Sydney Heath RN, late of
Harbour is j world class ccnirc lor the rcpau would take the the Rattlesnake, as
refit .md modernisation of ships U>lh naval and pilot vessel out to Portmaster for

a>inmcroal I ocatcd c k x 10 I he ccnirc of Svdno meet it off Cape Queensland, and

the facility is w ithui short steaming distance ol Moreton. In fact it his earliest tasks
J - - .„ was not until some were the
major ports

\ D I has developed extensive engineering

p- "fm « ~- years later, with the investigation of the
opening of the local waterways
capabilities at this kvation and provides all the
regular Torres Strait and making them
skills lor the conversion and in>>dcrnisaiion ol
steamer service, more agreeable
vessel*
that the sailing pilot for navigation
Their capabilities covci
vessels proved Q u e e n s l a n d
• Design s c n w > lot structural, natal
inadequate and enjoyed a brief
archilccturc n d cicatrical
r e q u i r e d boom in the
engineering enhanced by C A D ( \ l
replacement by a growing of cotton
H E M systems i t ' A L S coniplianll
steamer. The only during the
• Survey engineering and production lor
difficulty was American Civil War,
ship repair refit and mo«krmMtion
meeting a vessel at and on 11 April
• Electronic communication and control
night. This was 1861 Heath sailed
overcome by the in the Spitfire
• Oscihaul of gyros and control system- extension of the to investigate the
• Repair and refit of marine powei systems telegraph line from rivers north of
• Steam turbines. re blading balancing and Lytton across the Brisbane to see
machining islands to Cape Plublle nlotip IMS 'ACHERON'. (Ihuuinfi - courUity Mr. Mthn Ikusuvk)
whether any were
• Cias turbines Moreton after suitable for use as a
• Rebuilding retubmg ol boik-rs and pressure
1862. Then, if a pilot was wanted, a red Smith was discharged from the Herald port. During the ten days away she was
vessels damaged in a gale, losing some of her
light would be shown from the on 18 July, and Queensland supplied the
• Elcctncal power gcneraiois molois and hydraulic head gear, but came home safely, and
lighthouse and the Spitfire would send a Spitfire. In fact. Smith had been under a
powct systems by 1862, timber getters on the
boat ashore at Cowan Cowan to pick up cloud for his lack of sobriety and so he
• Manufacture of components spares includini: Maroochy were using the Mooloolah
a pilot. was not seen as a real loss to the Royal
N C machinery, specialist Melding and pip< River as their port.
There were other duties which fell Navy
labricalion - M S . SS and C uNi
to the Spitfire, as one of the best of the In August 1860, styling himself as a The Spitfire, meanwhile, served the
• Equipment testing and calibration
government vessels based in what had Lieutenant, Smith took his new daily round of the pilot sen/ice in
• Laboratory serMces ( N A I A rcgisii.iu.ini. command north from Moreton Bay.
in December 1859 become Queensland. northern Moreton Bay. She rode out a
metallurgy, metrology fuels and lubiuants The settlers were moving north. In 1859 Dalrymple himself was on board, along cyclone which caused heavy damage to
• Certification to I S O SNIUI George Dalrymple had explored the with a surveyor and a botanist. They the pilot station on 18 March 1864, and
A highly skilled workforce. *ith specialists in Burdekin Valley, and the New South turned back down the coast after it was her larger consort, the schooner
marine cnginecnng and architecture is backed by Wales government had offered a prize reaching Magnetic Island and Pearl, which was provided to the
a long history of ship repan The largest graving of £2000 to the person who could find skirmishing with Aborigines near Cape hydrographer for the resumption of the
dock in the Southern Hemisphere capable of a port to serve the country north of Cleveland on 15 September. They then coastal survey in the same year. The
docking ships up to I 10.000 tonnes, is Rockhampton. It was bad luck for the located the mouth of the Burdekin. funds for the pilot service depended on
supplemented by a floating dock with I (WO tonne finder that, by the time the place had which proved to be quite un-navigable, the rates levied on the shipping, and
lift capacity been discovered, the area was with a depth of water of no more than with the sharp economic downturn
For further information, please contact administered by the new. penniless, seven feet, five miles offshore. Most of from 1866, these became rather
Saks Manager. A D I Limited. Operations Group government of Queensland. the work was done further south, at the meagre. Nevertheless, the work was still
Garden Island. N S W 2000. Australia Following vigorous representations 'splendid haven' of Port Denison, and as there, and an additional vessel was used
Tel: *6I 2 9562 3907. Fa*: »6I 2 9562 3K2I by Mr Dalrymple, the government a result a chart was published later in by now to attend to buoys and beacons.

The Navy. Iku^rr-lJecnnbrr 1997 The Navy. October-Uccember 1997 7

 I U I ill II I >
< >.II lit ll l\

A report on the Spitfire said that she remains of Mrs Watson, her child and Mahina in March 1899 But the Spitfire
was much improved as a schooner her sen/ant after their death from thirst was no longer there to be lost The
HOBART A s k about the M o n e y B a c k G u a r a n t e e
compared to how she had been as a on No.5 Howick Island in January 1882 newspaper reported,

SHIPPING
ketch, 'an excellent seaboat although The story of the heroic but futile escape The Japan mail steamer Omi Maru.
DFRDB / MSBS options «
rather too small'. from murder by the natives at Lizard which arrived from Brisbane today,
Investment & Saving
AGENCIES when you want to be advised, not soldi!
In 1873 she was dismasted and
almost lost in a storm, but was saved
Island was to be told for generations to
come The Spitfire also brought back the
brought news of the loss of
schooner Spitfire. The steamer Dicked
the

contact: Col Allen (DipFPi (ex RAN) owing to the efforts of Pilot William survivors of the German steamer Freya. up the master of the schooner, Mr
(06) 295 9305 Woods. In weather too thick to allow which had been wrecked, after sailing Andrew Allison, off the Queensland
C P O Box 1816,
her to be seen from the lighthouse, she from Cooktown, on Osprey Reef in coast He reported that the vessel
Hobait. Tasmania 7001 Freecall 1800 682 926
rode out a south-easterly gale at anchor October 1882 sprang a leak, and he fired off an "L"
T e l e p h o n e : 0362-313375 Fax: 0362-313376 Proper Authority Holder via
Banner Financial Planners in five fathoms of water off dangerous The north was very much less reed near Piper Island lightship. No lives
S e a g r a m 7H Z E N H O B ACN 0 0 2 <>32 7BO
sandbanks for three days. She was civilised, also, than the Moreton region. were lost The Spitfire was built as a
Ucensed Dealer in Secunties
subsequently refitted and remasted. When the first stage of the Cooktown gunboat for Sydney at the time of the
replaced meanwhile by the schooner railway was opened, 31 miles to Crimean war. She was afterwards, for
Ethel. It should be noted, however, that Normanby Creek, in 1885, it was still many years, a pilot vessel at Brisbane
A preferred & referred Contractor to the Department of Defence With Compliments from...
at no time, including the Russian war possible for workers to be attacked by and Cooktown. Subsequently she was

6
scare of 1878, was she ever considered Aborigines. Still, the reach of the sold, and was in the b£che-de-mer trade
AMBACH B R U C K TEXTILES for reversion to her original role as a government was long, and the Pearl when lost.
WIRES A N D C A B L E S PTY LTD gunboat. was used to take officials to Port
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159 Victoria Parade, Abbolsford, Vtc 3067
Service & Innovation to the C o o k t o w n Pilot
Queensland on 4 April 1883

Electrical Industry Since 1936 For the Spitfire, though, it was

Suppliers to the Department ot Defence
Phone: (02) 9938 S622 • Fax: (02) 9938 3973
102 Old Pittwater Rd Brookvale NSW 2100
SUPPLIERS OF Q U A L I T Y PRODUCTS TO THE
ROYAL AUSTRALIAN N A V Y
Telephone: (03) 9417 7177 • Facsimile: (03) 9419 7420
The Palmer River gold rush of 1873
was a phenomenon in Queensland, and
led to the foundation of the town of
Cooktown. Increasing trade in the far
north soon called for the services of a
sailing pilot vessel, and the Spitfire was
almost the end of the road. In 1883 she
was replaced as the Cooktown pilot
vessel by the Ethel, a vessel which was
regarded as more efficient for general
service. Then in 1885, considered not
worth cost of repair, she was sold out of

ARROW DIVING
Pmt » t» i ftrtmK I M n t f ccmcu Kr I » Out or Detox* chosen She was replaced at Brisbane by government sen/ice for £300 and
a new schooner, the Governor Cairns, a became a b4che-de-mer fishing vessel.
B & H CLEANING
SERVICES
significantly larger vessel, 78 feet in The Ethel herself was replaced in 1887

& Gardening Services length, which arrived in 1879. The

desire of the pilots for a fast vessel was
by the Governor Cairns.

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r
SEALANES
illustrated by their alterations to the new
schooner immediately upon her arrival
in Brisbane. They raised the height of
the masts by four feet. Probably they
had already done something similar to
the Spitfire.
The north is a different environment
to Moreton Bay. There is the ever-
present danger of the coral of the Great
i> Barrier Reef, and also the strong trade
winds against which sailing vessels
The Last of the "Spitfire"
The new owner of the Spitfire was
Alex Matthewson, but he sold her in
1889 and she was sold again in 1892 to
a partnership of Daniel Moynahan and
S. Andreassen. They were by trade a
shipwright and a sailmaker respectively,
and they found that the old vessel
needed some attention. On 26 January
1896 the barometer fell to 29.26 inches

PTY. LTD. TOTAL FOOD SEXVICE AND IXCfLLENCZ IN TECHNICAL JUWORT

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Suppliers of Distillation Plants to the Navy
39 Malcolm Road, Mordialloc, Vic 3195
Phone: (03) 9580 1655 Fax: (03) 9580 8337
Contractors to the Department ot Defence
found it very tedious indeed to beat. The
Spitfire therefore, though intended to
be used for pilotage and the servicing of
buoys, beacons and lightships for much
M d q r t t a M . M i Mi: 0 1 8 9 M 4677 of the inntr passage, in practice found
herself confined to within a safe
• Cabin • ilOlM
distance of her base. One early task was
'NrigNioitf • Deck/Engine MltQMItl
m m to investigate the Cape Sidmouth area
where there had been reports of a white
I s * Trade Dc-ccc-c-: Z:ne Bcf.xan NT woman living among the blacks. No
trace of her was found. A rather more
tragic task was for her to bring back the
and the Spitfire was lucky to escape
with just the loss of its masts off
Hinchinbrook Island in Cyclone Sigma.
They saved some of the sails and
brought her into Cairns under jury rig.
After that they sold her. The Mche-de-
mer fishery went hand in hand with the
pearl fishery in the north, and both
involved a large number of vessels. They
were all desperately vulnerable to the
weather. The entire pearling fleet, over
100 vessels, was to be lost in Cyclone

The Navy. ()cu>ber-December 1(197 O

The Navy. October-December 1997
 SMIIIIMI iiK \ I IK \ 1 >1

Orions and RAN Seahawk helicopters) for its helicopters environments - and achieved ranges

SUBMARINES & THE ADF with an active sonobuoy Whilst this

shows promise, this development is in
In this area, there has tx»en a major
technological breakthrough The latest
very substantially in excess of anything
achieved bv the Sea Kings' AQS-13B

the prototype stages helicopter borne low frequency dipping The Italian Navy aircraft carrier
by Navy Leaguer
• Mines for the Collins class to sonars can now achieve ranges far in 0UISEPPF GARIBALDI undertook an
The RAN is spending a very relatively low priority. This was in spite of have been acquired for an interim enable them to mine in" opposing excess of their predecessors exercise in a cleared area in the
substantial sum on building six Collins the fact that diesel electric submarines upgrade of existing stocks of airborne submarines into their bases In this case, This comes at a time when the RAN Mediterranean One helicopter with
class submarines There is the possibility have been increasing their capabilities light weight torpedoes, only studies has removed its AOS-13B dipping sonars HELRAS was deployed to locate the
progress is strong, with a request for
that a further two will be ordered for some time Regional powers have have been authorised on a new submarine (a modern, very quiet Italian
tender expected later this year from their Sea King helicopters At this
Although they are armed with been acquiring more submarines - in generation of these torpedoes No diesel electric boat). The trial was
The big gaps are in the sonar stage, there are no firm plans to provide
torpedoes and sub-surface to surface many cases new and more modern decision will be made to buy new extremely successful
equipment of RAN surface combatants the Seahawks with a modern dipping
anti-ship missiles, the primary role of the submarines generation torpedoes until 2001/2002 There is no doubt that the RAN
and in the lack of dipping sonars for sonar such as Allied Signals Ocean
Collins class is reconnaissance To Moreover, they are increasing their * The programme to upgrade the should and will explore all alternative
RAN helicopters Systems' HELRAS or the Thomson
provide them with the most modern A S W capabilities RAAF's P-3C Orions is well underway sources of low frequency active sonars
Although improvements can be Marconi FLASH
diesel electric submarine capabilities In these circumstances, a review of * Two prototype low frequency These will include both Thomson
made in the hull mounted sonar sets in One very authoritative RAN source
they are equipped with seven different the ADF's A S W modernisation plans active passive towed array sonars are to Marconi Sonar's FLASH.
the Adelaide class FFGs (which have has stated that a number of regional
types of sonar, an electronic warfare shows that, although a number of steps be ordered shortly for a 2 year trial from Raytheon/Hughes ALFS (in which
Raytheon SQS-56). and the Thomson powers in the near north are
mast and a radar mast The signals are being taken, those steps are not RAN surface ships. After these trials are Thomson Marconi Sonar plays an
Marconi Spherion Bs in the Anzacs are undertaking major upgrading to their
received from these are classified by being taken quickly enough completed it is planned to equip all 14 imoortant part) and Allied Signal Ocean
an up-to-date hull mounted sonars, the A S W capabilities A number of regional
computer and used m the Collins own The programmes include RAN surface combatants with towed Systems' HELRAS
range at which any hull mounted sonar powers' (Japan. Taiwan, India, China
fully integrated combat system and, * A new generation of heavy array sonars However, at this stage there are no
can be effective is limited - and shorter and Pakistan) naval helicopters are
where appropriate, passed to other ADF weight torpedoes for the Collins class * Trials are underway of both firm plans to acquire dipping sonars for
than the range of most submarine already equipped with dipping sonars
vessels and aircraft by the link 11 submarines Studies have been Kariwara solid and Narama liquid filled the RAN's helicopters A decision to
launched torpedoes It is generally One. South Korea, has ordered AQS-
combat data communications system approved, but no decision to buy the slim line towed arrays for the remaining undertake the inevitable studies is due
Reconnaissance reports are also passed accepted that hull mounted sonars are 18V for its Lynx helicopters Three navies
torpedoes will be made until 4 Collins class submarines. The first two in 2000 Under current plans, actual
through the Exmouth Gulf naval approaching their maximum have expressed interest in acquiring
1999/2000 have an early version Kariwara delivery of modern low frequency
communications station development potential HFLRAS dipping sonars is unlikely before 2005
* Airborne light weight torpedoes * The Defence Science and
Although they are very well as the ASW armament of RAN Technology Organisation is studying the The big opportunity for the surface HELRAS was demonstrated to the The RAN needs a strong ASW
equipped for their primary helicopters and surface combatants and use of bi-statics to complement the ship to recover its defence against the RAN in the Timor Sea - one of the capability to undertake its o w n ASW
reconnaissance role, the Collins class' RAAF Orions Although a number of kits Barra passive sonobuoys (used in RAAF submarine is in improved dipping sonars world's most difficult sonar operations and
mark 48 mod 4 to exercise the
anti-submarine Collins class
and anti-surface boats in evading
target torpedoes modern ASW
are approaching sensors Unless
obsolescence urgent action is
There are plans taken to acquire
to replace them modern dipping
with a new sonars, and
generation of to accelerate
s u b m a r i n e the other
launched heavy programmes,
w e i g h t the RAN will
torpedoes have the world's
These plans most capable
represent one diesel electric
step in a much submarines but
needed and be without the
overdue increase opportunity to
in priority train them to
accorded by the operate against
ADF to anti- regional ASW
s u b m a r i n e forces equipped
warfare (ASW). with modern

For some dipping sonars.

years, A S W has
HMAS 'COLLINS' \Vf 'SHIP FARS'Cf )MH. Inun.«r. 1997 (Phm CPOPH Cammm Martin)
been accorded a

10 The Navy. (tctnher-Drcember 1997 The Navy. Octnher-lterrmher l'.h'T 11

 I Uvi I a i n u liiiiL;^

FLEET LAUNCHINGS
By Ross Gillett

-tn o\- after launching. (Photo - ABPH Anthmette Alduxirth)

capabilities that the older RUSHCUTTER exchange with the US Navy, he spent six
and SHOALWATER. currently in sen/ice weeks on the command staff of a mine
with the mine warfare force clearance operation following the 1991
The SI.2 billion construction Gulf War. More recently, he has been to
"Hl'OX" on July. 1997. (Photo sea on the Italian Navy's Gaefa class
program is on target to meet the Navy's
Damlan Ihwlcnkn)
schedule and is within minehunters upon which the HUON
budget The hull and class is based
BRAMBLE SUPPING NORTH WESTERN bulkheads of the second HUON will have a crew of 38
SHIPPHOt TOWAGE CO minehunter. HAWKESBURY. comprising the commanding officer, five
PTY LTD have been completed and officers, six senior sailors and 26 junior
Survey ship "MELVILLE" prior to launching. (Photo - ABPH Antlonette .\Ulworth)
Melbourne to outfitting » is progressing sailors. Twelve technical crew members
Bumie well Construction of the commenced training for the ship in
For the Royal Australian Navy the upgrade existing charts of Australian minehunters ADI Limited is currently 7 sailings per week Contract
Towage hull of the third ship. Newcastle in August. They will be
month of July witnessed the launchings terntorial waters building for the Royal Australian Navy
NORMAN, is complete and followed in November by another 22
of two new ships for the Fleet. The first LEEUWIN will be commissioned into was formally launched at its Newcastle
was conducted in Cairns, northern RAN service, in due course, as HMAS construction facility on 25 July. Bumie to Barge
the laying of the keel of operators, including Lt Commander

Queensland on 19 July and the second, LEEUWIN She and the second of the The naval event was attended by Melbourne the fourth minehunter, Uren
7 sailings per week Services GASCOYNE was performed All six HUON class coastal
the coastal minehunter, HUON, in new ships being built by NQEA, more than 1,000 guests and workers
on 13 September. minehunters will be homeported at
Newcastle six days later. MELVILLE, are to replace the ageing including senior Australian defence
hydrographic vessels, HMA Ships LCDR Geoff Uren, has H M A S Waterhen in Sydney HUON is
force personnel, international defence 120-150 WiomstcmKoM t Hornby ROM.
MORESBY and FLINDERS, which will be (WMMoumeWEW Clenorcfiy ns 7010 been selected as HUON's expected to enter service in early 1989,
industry and Newcastle community
"LEEUWIN"
decommissioned as the new ships are first commanding officer. with sea trials from April 1998 and
leaders and the minehunter
Phone 1(819299 MOO Phone: (0516272 5277 delivery to the Navy eight months later,
brought on line construction workforce LCDR Uren has previously
The first of two new 2500 tonne FIX 103) em 4801
Fax- 10319299 8430 commanded a minehunter in December.
hydrographic ships currently being built NQEA are building the ships under The Minister for Defence. Mr Ian
and patrol boat during his The first HUON was a River class
for the Royal Australian Navy, LEEUWIN a contract worth some S162 million McLachlan, provided the keynote
19 year career with torpedo-boat destroyer which was built
was launched from NQEA Limited's which provides an estimated 300 jobs in address at the launching. The new
shipyard in Cairns on Saturday, 19 July. the local area minehunters are named after Australian
rivers, with HUON, the first of class,
STRANG-TIES PTY LTD the Royal Australian
Navy During
at Cockatoo Island in Sydney She served
during the Great War and in the 1920s.
The Minister for Defence Industry, The Australian Hydrographic Service
Science and Personnel, Mrs Bronwyn provides accurate charts and Notices to named after the Tasmanian waterway.
Bishop, addressed shipyard personnel Mariners for all ships, yachts and boats HUON was launched by Mrs Betty
and guests prior to Mrs Judy Taylor, wife which operate in our sea lanes, on the Norris, wife of the Mayor of the Huon
of the recently retired Chief of Navy, continental shelf and in estuaries around Valley Council in Tasmania. A state-of-
Vice Admiral Rod Taylor, broke a bottle Australia. the-art combat system will make the
of champagne across the bows to name The Wollongong-based Australian HUON class the most advanced SPECIALISTS IN:
the vessel, LEEUWIN. Hydrographic Office has responsibility minehunters in the world today. The
sonar system fitted to each ship will
TANK CLEANING, OIL RECOVERY,
Conducted mid-evening to take for an area equal to about one-eighth of
locate and classify threatening mines,
WASTE MINIMISATION « STABILISATION
advantage of the high tide, LEEUWIN is the earth's surface.
a 72 metre ship equipped with state-of- then, employing the remotely operated
185-189 O'RIOROAN STREET
the-art sonar equipment. She will soon disposal system, will place a charge MASCOT NSW 2020
-HUON- PH: (02) 9669 1099 FAX: (02) 9317 4814
join Hydrographic Service vessels and an alongside the mine The new ships E-MAIL: strangQozcmall.com.au Second of the class. "HAWKESBURY". at the builders yard. (Photo - Brian
aircraft which work to chart and HUON. the leadship of six HUON class possess far better sea-keeping Morrison)

12 The Navy. ()cu>ber-December 1(197 TheN a v y .October-December 1997 O

 HMAS AE2 LOCATED WHAT'S IN A NAME
By Jiie Straczek
Found after 82 years - Australia's decision in favour of staying, and led to culminated in him finding Stoker's
unsung naval hero of Gallipoli, the the famous message to Australian relatives. One aged aunt. Primrose, told Colonial Ships E Class Submarines O T W A V This followed the RN policy of
submarine AE2 which first pierced the troops form General Ian Hamilton to him Stoker in his latter years would starting the names with the letter 0 .
In line with RN practice the two
Dardanelles to expose the Turkish flank "dig, dig, dig", the origin of "digger" shout "north" in his sleep. Searching The ships of the Colonial navies
submarines were not named They were
during the Great War Five days later, after attacking north of the sinking sites recorded by carried a mixture of names with origins Australian Built Sloops
identified as A E I and AE2, the prefix A
Identified by scan sonar images Turkish shipping and being constantly British and Turkish naval authorities he ranging from Greek mythology through
being used to indicate they were Described in some correspondence
lying upright and partially covered by silt pursued, AE2 was hit by a shell from the finally found the RAN's AE2 to names with indigenous connections.
modified E class submarines built for as Yarra class Sloops these ships;
and fishing nets in 80 metres of water in Turkish gunboat Sultan Hisser His exploratory dives on the hulk When the surviving vessels were
Australia. YARRA. PARRAMATTA. SWAN and
the Sea of Marmara behind Gallipoli, Stoker and his Australian/British revealed that she was basically standing transferred to the RAN they retained
WARREGO. were named after rivers.
AE2 is a significant Australian maritime crew scuttled AE2, but were rescued upright, although the conning tower their original names, although in the
WWI Requisitioned Craft Histoncal records indicate that there had
historical discovery from the sea only to spend the next had fallen to one side after the steel case of CERBERUS and PROTECTOR
These craft retained their original been a request by the city of Parramatta
"It was eerie being the first person three years in Turkish prisoner-of-war rivets corroded. these ships were re-named to reflect a
to name a ship after it.
changing role late in their careers. names.
to see the AE2 since she was scuttled by camps "It was a great thrill to be the first
her crew 82 years ago," said Selguk All attempts by both Turkish and person to step on her in 82 years," he
Gift Fleet Boom Defence Vessels
Kolay, the Istanbul museum director Australian authorities to locate the boat reported. "The water around is muddy Cruisers
After the Great War the Admiralty These ships all carried Australian
whose dogged underwater detective over the years had failed, because and she is smothered by the many All of the cruisers built for the RAN
loaned the RAN a number of ships to names starting with the letter K;
work has finally located and Stoker had probably given misleading fishing nets she has entangled over the were named after either Australia, in the
replace the smaller units which had seen KOOKABURRA. KOALA. KANGAROO.
photographed the lost submarine co-ordinates to stop the enemy finding years." case of the larger cruisers, or capital
extensive sen/ice or had been lost. These KARANGI and KIMBLA During the
Captained by the flamboyant what was then a state-of-the-art piece Mr Kolay are keen to raise AE2 in a cities, for the light cruisers. CANBERRA. war KARA KARA. KOOMPARTOO.
units' included the destroyer leader
Irishman Lieutenant-Commander H.G. of military equipment. joint venture with Australia, and display a heavy cruiser, carried the name of the KINCHELA and KURAMIA were
ANZAC; S class destroyers - STALWART.
Stoker. AE2 created naval history for Selcuk Kolay, Director of the Rahmi it in Istanbul's Koc Industrial museum nation's capital. requisitioned for service as boom
SWORDSMAN. SUCCESS. TASMANIA.
Australia - breaching the narrows of the M Koc Industrial museum took a This would create a dual attraction, with Cruisers transferred to the RAN by and TATTOO; Flower class Sloops - defence vessels. These ships retained
Dardanelles against mines, currents and different tack with his investigations Gallipoli's Anzac Cove, for the growing the Royal Navy retained their original GERANIUM. MALLOW and their mercantile names.
strong Turkish fire from afloat and numbers of Australians making a names whilst serving with the Australian MARGUERITE; J class Submarines - J1.
ashore pilgrimage to Turkey. Fleet. 12. 13, J4, J S and J7; and the sloop -Tribal* Class Destroyet:
AE2 arguably then changed Mr Kolay estimated it would cost SILVIO W i t h the exception of SILVIO In selecting names for the Tribal
the entire course of the Gallipoli about SUS1 million to raise, clean and Torpedo Boat Destroyers (renamed MORESBY) all retained their class destroyers Navy decided that the
campaign Stoker's message put AE2 on display, although The first three TBDs. PARRAMATTA. former names. names must be, easy to pronounce, easy
to Allied headquarters that tentative Australian estimates are YARRA and WAR RE GO. were named to spell and the name should come from
Records indicate that the Naval a significant tribe. ARUNTA and
he had breached the higher. He has applied to the after rivers with a distinctively Australian
Board did consider renaming the S class WARRAMUNGA were the first two
narrows arrived on the Turkish Government for salvage name. The second group of three;
destroyers after; DARWIN. FREMANTLE. names selected The third destroyer was
night of April 25. 1915. rights, which have already been HUON. TORRENS and SWAN were
RABAUL. LAUNCESTON and MORESBY to be named CHINGILU but this was first
just as Allied commanders approved by the Turkish Navy. named after rivers carrying non-
respectively. changed to KURNAI and latter BATAAN
were assessing the Australia has indicated to indigenous names.
SILVIO was renamed, with
disastrous landing, and Ankara it believes the submarine
Admiralty approval. MORESBY in N and Q Class Destroyers
deciding whether to press could be designated Australian
Why you should FreccaO 1800 682 926
honour of Admiral Moresby's survey
on or pull out. These ships; NAPIER. NIZAM.
property under international law. Regarding Changing employment
work The names COOK and BASS had
The Turkish >iunboat Sl'LTA\' IIISSAR'. res/tonslNe for the loss NESTOR. NORMAN. NEPAL and
The signal swayed the IISL\S.-US?. Redundancy also been suggested
OUAUTY. QUADRANT. QUEENBORO'XjH.
Rollovers I Superannuation
OUIBERON and QUICKMATCH. were
Investment* ft Savings Scrap Iron Flotilla
Full or partial Financial Plant loaned from the RN and retained their
YM be trwM a* a < i M W M W art fM a <m*ma
In 1933 the RN agreed to loan the
RN names.
Cote AOca DipfT In KAN) RAN replacements for its destroyer
fr^wt Amfcont) holder «a I n m CoonhaMt ACN 0010J2 7«0
flotilla The new ships; STUART.
Requisitioned WWII Craft
VAMPIRE. VOYAGER. VENDETTA and
WATERHEN again retained their original Ships and small craft requisitioned
names for service during the Second World War
generally retained their mercantile
O Class Submarines names. In cases where this may have
• M«n» AccmfcatmntfvcufhnUAutfulu
• tNdk« UJ i Auttakan Pwwmm resulted in confusion with ships already
• nAmtd Man* Tfamn| . MBTP Boots t RrauKn The Admiralty had advised the
Naval Board that starting with the O in service the name was changed.
lor i hw brochure and ratalop*
rktm NOW (02) 9749 jjgj class all RN submarines would be
-Bathurst- Class Australian
named The two Australian boats,
IIMASAE2. alonysUle (tarden Island in 1914. Artlsts impression ofHMAS.AES In the Sea of Marmara. The haul
ml NSW AIM**. Jill originally designated A 0 1 and A02, Minesweepers (Corvettes)
actually curried the number SI (not SS) on her still. WK C3I *74» 1 1 . . |aat ,74* 1 » »
were subsequently named OXLEY and The 56 Bathurst class corvettes to

The .\avy. October-December 1997 The -Yuri/. Oruiber-Dnrmber lfH>7

serve in the RAN were all named after VENDETTA Of these WATERHEN was World War LSI. Earlier support ships
major regional centres
numbers involved a good geographical
Given the cancelled and VOYAGER
colliding with H M A S MELBOURNE
lost after
HMS
have been PLATYPUS. KURUMBA and ANZUS AFTER 45 YEARS
BILOELA
spread of names was obtained DUCHESS was loaned to the RAN as a By Andrew Robertson
Of these ships a few were re-named replacement and retained that name in
Hydrographk Ships
prior to commissioning. These were, RAN sen/ice
Given recent questioning of the relevance of the ANZUS the crucial article IV stating that each party recognises that an
Purpose built marine science craft
WHYALLA originally GLENELG. GAWLER Treaty today, the public seminar held at Parliament House, armed attack in the Pacific area on any of the Parties would be
have been named after early navigators
originally GAMBIER. PARKES originally "Type 12/River" Class Frigates dangerous to its own peace and safety and declares that it
Canberra on 11/12 August, 1997 by the Defence Sub-
and ocean explorers Those ships which
MUDGEE and COLAC originally
These ships carried on the tradition Committee of the Joint Standing Committee on Foreign would act to meet the common danger in accordance with its
were converted to the role normally
HAMILTON
of naming sloops/escorts after Affairs, Defence, and Trade was timely and of particular constitutional processes
retained their former name The current
Australian Rivers, alhough the final pair interest and importance. The New Zealand relationship to ANZUS was thoroughly
Survey Motor Launches all carry names
-River/Bay" Class Frigates were technically not Type 12s.
of ships previously involved in marine Chaired by Senator D MacGibbon, the seminar consisted examined, a most comprehensive summary of developments in
This group of frigates have been Generically the class has been described
science or hydrographic work. The two of papers presented by 19 speakers, including Ambassadors which he was involved being given by the Hon Kim Beazley MP.
described as either River or Bay class or as the River class
new medium hydrographic ships which and Members of parliament, academics, military and retired Professor Paul Dibb outlined the uncertain strategic
Modified Rivers All, except two, of the
are currently under construction are military officers, public servants, industrialists and historians. A situation in the Asia-Pacific Region post Cold War, while Vice
ships authorised for construction were "Oberon" Class Submarines named for large coastal features. Cape video conference with the President of the Asia-Pacific Policy Admiral RAK Walls RAN (Rtd) reviewed strategic practice, and
named after Australian rivers, so
These boats carried on the tradition Leeuwin and Melville Island. Centre Washington DC. Mr Doug Paal, the Foreign Policy the Commander of 3 Brigade, Brigadier Peter Leahy, gave
perhaps they should be designated a
of having all their names start with the
Advisor US Pacific Command, Ambassador Richard Teare, and recent experience of the major exercise Tandem Thrust.
River class.
same letter Of the six boats only ORION
The ships were approved in two Minewarfare Craft Dr Bill Tow. Reader in International Relations, University of US Policies. Asia-Pacific Policies, the attitude to ANZUS of
had no real Australian connection
groups. Of the first group, CULGOA Queensland, was also set up. ASEAN countries, and alliances in North Asia were thoroughly
The Bay class MHIs are named
was originally named MURRAY and after the Shoalwater and Rushcutters The introduction to the seminar was given by the new US examined, and a stimulating open forum rounded off the two
Guided Missile Destroyers
WARBURTON was originally named Bays Those of the Huon class; Ambassador to Australia. Ambassador Genta Hawkins Holmes day seminar. Professor Ross Garnaut finishing with a
ROPER WARBURTON and Named after the cities of Perth,
HUON. HAWKESBURY. GASCOYNE. who, against the historical background, outlined the positive presentation on The Future
MURRUMBIDGEE were cancelled All of Brisbane and Hobart
DIAMANTINA. YARRA and NORMAN, features of the Treaty including its brevity, flexibility and Speaker after speaker supported the Treaty as being highly
the second group were cancelled except carry names of Australian rivers. adaptability and how its principles had stood the test of time. important and relevant to Australia's defence arrangements
for CONDAMINE. Within the second "Ton" Class
The Auxiliary minesweepers The Ambassador pointed out that the ANZUS Alliance has today. Particular areas of benefit included in intelligence, in
group were two frigates to be named Minesweepers/Minehunters
purchased by the RAN have been been a key element in the positive growth and development of special access to advanced US Technology, in the exchange of
BALMAIN and WILLIAMSTOWN These On acquisition by the RAN these
named after First and Second World the Asia-Pacific and quoted Prime Minister Howard's recent personnel and in joint exercises. These advantages were
were named after the municipalities vessels were named after water birds
War requisitioned minesweepers; speech in New York: irreplaceable, as was the overall pledge of US support.
where the ships were to be built.
KOORAGA. GUNNUNDAL and
(Australia's) close association with the United States has The subject of the effect of our membership of ANZUS on
"Attack" Class Patrol Boats BERMAGUI.
underpinned not only our security but also our stability. But South and East Asian countries was discussed. In general this
"Battle" Class Destroyers All names start with either the letter
most importantly it has given us an opportunity to share values was seen as being advantageous and did not seem a cause for
The two Battle class destroyers were A or B. Those which were destined Amphibious Warfare Ships across the Pacific, to share those fundamental beliefs of concern with A S E A N nations.
named after famous Australian battles. specifically for the PNG Division of the
The post-war amphibious ships all personal liberty, of individual effort, of a just society and a The disagreement between New Zealand and the US over
ANZAC was originally to have been RAN were named after towns in Papua
named MATAPAN. carry names connected with Second belief that it is appropriate always to aspire to the ideal of a the visits of US warships was a cause of considerable concern
New Guinea.
World W a r amphibious operations, in better world. to Australia and created many problems. The US view was that
the case of the LCHs, or operations in New Zealand must repeal its anti-nuclear legislation or the tap
Landing Ships Tank "Fremantle" Class Patrol Boats The US Ambassador stated that ANZUS provides a
which there was significant naval remains turned off. Australia tried to maintain its military links
framework for co-operation in many areas - exchange
Six LSTS were on loan to the RAN Carry names previously carried by support for the Army. TOBRUK. The two with both countries but the need to organise separate
from the RN. In 1948, and in line with assignments, ship visits, and joint exercises. These last were
Bathurst class corvettes.
LPAs carry the names of the Second exercises with New Zealand threw a great strain on Australia's
new RN practice, three of these ships vital in terms of readiness and interoperability.
World War LSIs KANIMBLA and
were named after famous landings in Australia is the key southern partner in our Asia-Pacific planning capabilities. New Zealand continued to play an
Guided Missile Frigates MANOORA
the south west Pacific area during World bilateral security arrangements - that is as true today as it was international role as witness its efforts in Cambodia, the Gulf
Named after Australian cities.
War II. over forty years ago. War. Bosnia and now in Papua New Guinea, though its armed
DARWIN and NEW ASTLE are the first "Anzac" Class Frigates forces suffered considerably from no longer being an effective
ships to carry these names in the RAN. We will continue our military presence in the Asia-Pacific,
Aircraft Carriers The first four Anzac Frigates are member of ANZUS.
NEWCASTLE is also the first RAN ship both in terms of forward-deployed forces and our commitment
named after famous Australian to maintain about 100,000 troops in the region. For that The New Zealand Defence budget has fallen by 3 0 % since
Australia's first aircraft carrier not to carry forward Battle Honours
destroyers; ANZAC. ARUNTA. 1990 and the view was expressed that New Zealand was not
ALBATROSS was named after a sea bird w o n by an RN ship of the same name. presence acts as an incentive for continued development
whilst the other two were named after WARRAMUNGA and STUART. The
stability and peace. Our five bilateral treaty alliances are key in pulling its weight in our bilateral relationship and its defence
capital cities. SYDNEY and MELBOURNE second group of four carry names
Support Ships providing the stability necessary for political, economic and force was now below a credible minimum.
VENGEANCE was on loan and so her RN of Australian cities; PARRAMATTA,
social development in Asia, she said. The Joint US/Aust Facilities at N W Cape, Narrungar and
The naming of support ships
name was retained. TOOWOOMBA, BALLARAT and PERTH.
appears to have been more haphazard In the subsequent session the history and content of the Pine Gap were considered. N W Cape, important for submarine
than for other vessels. H M A S SUPPLY Treaty were examined with particular emphasis on the Treaty communications, will revert fully to the RAN in 1999, being
"Daring" Class Destroyers was originally named TIDE AUSTRAL, in
"Collins- Class Submarines already entirely manned by Australians. Narrungar is to close in
requirements for continuous and effective self-help and mutual
Originally the four Daring class keeping with RN naming for this class. These ships are named after famous aid to maintain and develop individual and collective capacity about 2000, being replaced by a smaller ground station at Pine
destroyers were allotted the names of STALWART and SUCCESS were named RAN figures and are the first ships in the to resist armed attack; the agreement to consult whenever the Gap. This last enhances and complements our o w n intelligence
the wartime V and W destroyers, after S class destroyers and WESTRALIA RAN to be so named. security of any of the parties was threatened in the Pacific; and capability.
WATERHEN, VOYAGER. VAMPIRE and carries forth the name of the Second • (Continued page 27)
16 The Navy. ()cu>ber-December 1(197 The Navy. October-December 1997 O 17
 "ALBION" and "BULWARK" Naval News
'Notices To Mariners' Mariners fortnightly so that
British LPDs Take Shajx-
Go On-Line mariners can keep their
charts up to date using the
The Australian latest important information
Hydrographic Office (AHO). which we have in the
website is now on-line at Hydrographic Office." he
http://www.hydro.navy.go said. "Chart users can now
v.au. get this information from
As well as providing their computers rather than
general information about waiting for the mail or
hydrography and the AHO, visiting their local chart
mariners will be able to read agent Sailors can also e-mail
the latest Notices to Mariners any new information which
on-line All recent changes they think should go on the
and the latest information charts."
IhtatUd ri« u- <•/1hi new IIMS "MHIO.X- and HMS 'BULWARK
for the official Australian Commodore Willis said
charts and publications can that another recent example
Following protracted negotiations, the contract to build The hull structure is designed to meet Lloyd's Register
be viewed from the Web of maritime developments (frigate) and HMAS with his ships' visit, involving
two new amphibious dock transports (LPDs) was awarded by Rules = 100AQ, Ice Class 1c, IWS for unrestricted sen/ice, with
the UK Ministry of Defence (MoD) to VSEL on 18 July last year scantlings generally well in excess of naval structural codes. The site will also list all was the publication of the -SUCCESS" (replenishment more than 750 crew
Details of the design of these ships, to be named HMS Albion However, warship features such as a nuclear, biological, the charts of Australian AHO's Seafarer electronic oiler) arrived in Qingdao, members
and HMS Bulwark, were revealed at the June 1997 Royal chemical defence (NBCD) citadel are included Using a modern waters, where charts and charts. home port for the PLA The visit is another step
Institution of Naval Architects (RINA) conference on "Air Power other publications such as "These are identical (People's Liberation Army) - in the developing of defence
ferry form with a bulbous bow as the basis, the hull has been
at Sea" tide tables can be bought, copies of our official paper Navy's Northern Fleet on relationships with China The
optimised, using computerised fluid dynamic (CFD) techniques
The new LPDs will be the first large surface warships built prices, and information on charts which can be used in Friday. 29 August Prime Minister of Australia,
to compensate for the docking well aft and heavy vehicle-
at VSEL's Barrow in Furness yard since HMS Invincible was the latest products and standard PC or laptop A combined 21 gun Mr John Howard, during his
loading forward
completed in 1978. They will replace HMS Fearless and HMS developments systems," he said. "Seafarer salute heralded the arrival of visit to China in March-April
Albion and Bulwark are believed to be the first Royal Navy
Intrepid "early in the next century", with the first steel to be The national also has a Notices to the ships, to mark the first this year, agreed with
surface warships with a fully integrated diesel-electric
cut in November 1997 Hydrographer and head of Mariners service which RAN visit to China since President Jiang Zemin, to
propulsion system. This has been contracted to UK-based
the Navy's hydrographic allows new information to PARRAMATTA in 1986 The step up the level of defence
With a docking well and stern gate, roll-on/roll-off (ro-ro)
Cegelec Projects of Rugby Four wartsilia Vasa diesel engines
service. Commodore Robert be applied automatically to ships remained in Qingdao contacts between the two
decks and access through side ramps, the new LPDs will have
(two Type 1632E developing 6250kW and two Type 4S32E
Willis, announced the the charts. You can find out until 3 September when they countries.
a similar payload of troops, tanks, vehicles, landing craft and
rated at 1560kW each) will generate 15 62MW power to
equipment to the 158m Fearless class They will, however, be opening of the AHO website all the details on our sailed for the Republic of Defence activities
supply current to a pair of 6MW synchronous variable-speed
larger He described the on-line website." Korea for a short visit. between Australia and China
propulsion motors driving •win shafts with 4m diameter fixed-
Notices to Mariners as As well. Rear Admiral now include annual dialogue
Particulars
pitch propellers A 108kN bow-thruster will also be fitted for
'another practical example of Chris Ritchie. Maritime at Vice Chief of Defence
Displacement 14,600t (full load c17.000t) China Visit
slow speed manoeuvring
how the AHO is serving the Commander Australia, Force level, high level visits
Dimensions 176m (oa) x 28 9 x 6 im (hull depth 6 5m)
The platform management system (PMS) for both mariner and safety at sea in The Australian warships, visited China to coincide (Chief of Defence Force
Machinery 2 shaft diesel-electric, 15 62 M W
machinery control and damage control has been contracted to the electronic age'. HMAS -PERTH" (destroyer).
Speed: 18knots
CAE Electronics, the Canadian company responsible for the "We publish Notice to HMAS -NEWCASTLE-
Armament: 2 CIWS
Canadian Navy's "City" class frigates' machinery control
Complement 650
system and US Navy battle-damage control systems
The new ships will be able to lift 305 troops (405 in
overload conditions), 31 heavy (16-tonne) trucks or main battle The ADAWS 2000 combat system is based on the ADAWS
tanks, 36 low vehicles, 30 tonnes of cargo and four laden Mk system used in the Birmingham class destroyers and the
10 utility landing craft (LCUs) in the docking well aft. One air- Invincible class carriers, and is similar to the system selected for
cushion landing craft (LCAC) can be transported in lieu of two the new amphibious assault carrier Ocean. A Siemens-Plessey
LCUs. A total of 550 linear metres of vehicle decks (1 8m wide) type 996 surveillance radar will be the main sensor, with two
are served by a ramp leading to the flight deck. Kelvin Hughes Type 1007 radars for navigation and helicopter
The new LCU Mk 10 has a through-deck ro-ro control.
configuration, allowing vehicles to embark and disembark For self-defence the ships will be armed with two 30mm
quickly without turning or reversing. Four Mk 5 Vehicle and Goalkeeper close-in weapon systems (CIWS), one forward and
Personnel Landing Craft (LCVPs) will be slung in davits, along one aft, two single guns (said to be 20mm, but more likely to
with two rescue boats. There will be a two-spot flight deck be 30mm Mk 1), an electronic support measures (ESM) systems The torpedo recovery ***** 'TAILORm flanked by HMAS mOXSLOW"

and HMS TRENCHANT* (right) as thcti proceed to sea from IIM\S

capable of handling EH 101 Merlin, Sea King helicopters, or and decoy-launchers. - Antony Preston •STIRLING' lor exercise U'NGFISH 97' an SI July. 1997.
one Chinook or a Harrier STOVL aircraft. • (Photo - Stuart Furrow)

The Navy. October-December 1997 The Navy. October-December 1997 1»

 \ \\ \L \L \\S \ \\ \l \l Us

General John Baker visited was taken to Ulladulla where Persian Gulf where she was Observers from Brunei and fighter aircraft and the new commanding officer
China in September 1996 to her old Navy numbers. 244, part of the United Nations the Philippines also attended helicopters. of FSS INDEPENDENCE. LCDR
be followed by the Secretary, were removed from the bow force imposing sanctions The FCP was the third Philip Maluweiram, then
Department of Defence, Mr As part of the rebuild, the against Iraq. REGINA was in Fleet Concentration Period in Last of the Line commanding her sister
Tony Ayres in September, boatyard has taken six the company of the US Navy the Kakadu series, following ship FSS MICRONESIA.
1997 Other contacts have tonnes of steel from the destroyer PAUL F FOSTER and the success of the first one The handover of the apprehended and arrested
included military staff college bridge area and lowered the the guided missile frigate conducted in 1993 The Pacific Patrol boat FSS four illegally fishing
visits and a range of other bridge by 1.5 metres, to INGRAHAM current exercise represented "INDEPENDENCE" to the Taiwanese long-line fishing
working level contacts meet the requirements. Extra more than twice the number Federated States of vessels.
bulkheads have been of maritime assets and Micronesia at Transfield Under the initial
The recent ships' visits, Eight Nations in
installed plus the latest fire personnel as KAKADU 1. Shipbuilding W A last May contract, 15 patrol boats
together with other activities Australian Maritime
protection incorporated. Six was the end of an era. were provided: four to Papua
over the past 12 months, Centred on Darwin, the
cabins have been built
Event
FCP provided the FSS INDEPENDENCE was New Guinea, three to Tonga,
represented the most
HMAS "ONSLOW- (left), and CSS "CAVALLA" during exercise aboard, all with ensuites. the 22nd and last Pacific two each to the Solomon
substantial level of defence Ships, aircraft and opportunity for bilateral
'LUNGF1SH'. an annual s\ustrallan sponsond anti-submarine ejevrdse.
(Photo - ABPH Stunrt Farrow) BANKS' new owner had more than 6000 military activities between Australia's Patrol Boat to be handed Islands and the Federated
interaction Australia has had
purchased the vessel in an personnel from eight South maritime forces and its South over to Pacific nations in the States of Micronesia and one
with China since the The New "BANKS" passengers in late 1997.
effort to re-create the early East Asian countries joined current build of this 12 year each to the Republic of the
establishment of diplomatic Eventually the old GPV will East Asian neighbours. Apart
coastal passenger service of project, the largest Defence Marshall Islands, Cook
relations in 1972. The 37-year-old, 255 forces in a major Fleet from general training in
be capable of taking 24
the 19th and the early ?0th co-operation project Islands. Western Samoa and
tonne ex HMAS "BANKS", Concentration Period (FCP) damage control and
passengers for overnight
centuries, when sailing ships financed by the Department
once destined as a in north Australian waters communications procedures Vanuatu.
voyages. Cabins will be built
Transfield Shiplift training platform for
and then steamers worked
from 28 July to 15 August of Defence, International The project included the
in the former cargo hold and interaction between air,
Purchase up and down the coast. It is
midshipman at Jervis Bay Maritime units from the surface and subsurface Policy Divisions, and provision of training, adviser
BANKS had been planned to sail BANKS
... until devastated by fire defence forces of Australia, assets, the FCP provided a managed by the RAN. support and other integrated
The Department of undergoing conversion in between Ulladulla, Jervis Bay
while under refit in Port Indonesia, Malaysia, New wide range of other FSS INDEPENDENCE was logistic support aspects. The
Defence has finalised the Port Macquarie to a training and Batemans Bay.
Macquarie in 1995...is set Zealand, Singapore and opportunities including the third Pacific patrol Boat handover of RSIPV AUKI to
sale of its shiplift interest platform for midshipmen at
for a glamour life as Thailand gathered in the personnel exchanges and to be handed over to the the Solomon Islands on
located south of HMAS Creswell but at 0630
coastal tourist vessel. 52 Years Between Timor Sea for a range of work in explowe ordnance Federated States of November 2, 1991, signalled
Fremantle in Western one morning, the workers
The former Explorer Visits training activities and disposal techniques used by Micronesia, and the first of the completion of the initial
Australia to Transfield arrived to find the ship on
class general purpose vessel manoeuvres aimed at clearance divers. which the recipient country project constructions phase
Defence Systems (TDS) fire. The blaze destroyed the A search of the
(GPV) was built in Australia developing the ability of FCP KAKADU 3 involved has contributed to the Following requests to
Pty Ltd. first and second officers Fremantle Port Authority
for the RAN in 1960 After regional maritime forces to vessel's cost with a payment enter the project from
cabins, the captain's cabin records has revealed the 26 ships, two submarines
The WA Marine Support naval duties on fishery
operate with Australia. and maritime patrol and of AS1 5m. Kiribati, Tuvalu and Fiji,
Facility was commissioned in and the bridge. The bridge Royal Canadian Navy — —
surveillance, hydrographic The value of these craft construction was
January 1989 under a three- deck buckled 'one foot" frigate HMCS "REGINA"
and reserve training, she is to patrol SW Pacific exclusive recommenced with a
way arrangement between which visited the Port on
now owned by Ulladulla land In February 1996, Peter economic zones was contract amendment being
the WA government, the 19 July was the first
surveyor, marine master and Smith purchased BANKS 'as highlighted last year when signed with Transfield
Department of Defence, and Canadian warship to visit
maritime buff, Peter Smith. is, where is'. Although the
WA company, Australian Fvemantie since 1945.
BANKS is now based at bridge had been destroyed
Shipbuilding Industries. The light cruiser HMCS
Ulladulla on the NSW south there were controls on the
UGANDA berthed in
TDS exercised its right as coast. Current plans see her unaffected quarter deck
Fremantle on 4 March 1945
the long-term hirer of the embarking her first paying During April 1996 BANKS
as a unit of the British Pacific
equipment to purchase the
Fleet in the closing days of
WA Marine Support Facility
the Second World War. Built
on a commercial basis. The
for the Royal Navy and first
sail makes provision for third
commissioned on 3 January rare sight, three RAN gulilid missile destroyers during exercise Malaysian frigate "LEKIR' anchored off the fbrt of Darwin. HMNZS
party access, representing a Kakadu I. (Photo - John Mortimer) •(CANTERBURY- lies to the left. (Photo - John Mortimer)
1943, she was transferred to
significant asset for support
the Royal Canadian Navy on
of the Royal Australian Navy
21 October 1944 and was
(RAN) in the west.
renamed HMCS QUEBEC in
The facility can 1952. She was placed on the
accommodate vessels up to disposal list in 1959 and
8000 tonnes, so it remains scrapped at Osaka, Japan in
capable of providing support 1961.
for RAN vessels based at HMCS REGINA berthed
HMAS Stirling, south of at H Berth, Victoria Quay on //ALLS 'SUCCESS' during Kakadu I. The ship recently completed a Thai corvette "RATTANAKOSIN". exercise Kaktulu I.
Perth HMAS "BANKS' at Jervis Bay. in the ixirly l'WOs. (Photo - Ross Gillett) 19 July, returning from the major refit including the aiLlltion of two Phalanx close-ln-weapon- (Photo - John Mortimer)
sys terns. (Photo - John Mortimer)
80 The Navy. October-December 1997 The Navy. Octoher-December 1997
 \ \\ \l \l \\S \ \\ \L \ I . \ \ S

Shipbuilding (WA) on It was 10 years almost to Decoy RockelfOrders include the manufacture of countermeasures vessels will
February 19. 1993. for the the day iince then Prime rocket motors, canisters and be open for public inspection
The largest defence
flight control systems, between 12 noon and 5.00
construction of an extra five Minister, the Hon R.J Hawke
contract won by Australian : assembly of the decoys using pm, both days. These include
vessels, three for FIJI, and one handed over the first of the
industry was announced in US sourced payloads and RUSHCUTTER. BROLGA.
each for Kiribati and Tuvalu class. HMNGS TARANGAU to
Canberra in late June. system integration work to
A request to enter the Papua New Guinea's Minister KORAAGA. as well as
for Defence, the Hon S Tago The J58 million contract fit the payloads to the ARDENT. BRUNEI and
project was received from
on May 16,1987 at the represents more than 50% motors
Palua in February, 1995 and TREVALLY
shipbuilding yard which was of the total contract value Decoy rounds are
a contract amendment was Ashore, the Navy has
then known as Australian The new weapon, expected expected to be delivered
signed on April 20 for PSS arranged special video,
Shipbuilding Industries (WA) to be valued several hundred from late 1998, with the
PRESIDENT REMEUK historic, warship model,
Pty Ltd million dollars, provides an overall Nulka systems
The Federated States of helicopter and diver activitier
anti-missile decoy to defend operational on RAN ships
Micronesia requested an The RAN continues to plus numerous performances
warships against surface- from mid 1999
additional patrol boat with a provide advisers for on-going by the RAN and RANR bands
skimming missiles.
contract amendment being in-country training and a
Known as Project Nulka Also open will be HMA
signed with Transfield on Pacific Patrol Boat A N Z A C in W e s t
(Aboriginal for 'be quick'), Ships MELBOURNE. HOBART
May 2. 1996, with the logistic/technical follow on
the new system will see and BRISBANE.
conclusion coming with the support centre is located in The RAN's newest
Brisbane An additional series production of the frigate. HMAS "ANZAC"
handover of FSS MICRONESIA
support facility has also been Australian-developed Nulka arrived in her home port "WOLLONGONG"
Total cost of the project in
developed in Suva hovering rocket missile, at HMAS "STIRLING" on
present day prices has been SHSG Super Seiaaprtte helicopter. (Photo - Human)
which simulates both the 29 August. During September the
just over AS 155m
movements and profile of a First commissioned on patrol boat HMAS
The helicopters, to be generated in the Athol Bight in Sydney
warship, in an effort to 18 May 1996, ANZAC was "WOLLONGONG" was
known as the SH-2G(A) development of the aircraft's Harbour.
confuse the homing systems greeted by the ship's granted Freedom of Entry
'Super Seasprite', are software and avionics suite With the recent removal
of anti-ship weapons The launching lady, LTCOL Vivian to her namesake city on
designed to operate from and the through life of these dolphins and the
Nulka missile measures Statham, along with the the N S W south coast.
ANZAC ships which are maintenance and repair build-up of HMAS STIRLING
about 2m long and about Mayor of Albany, Mrs The patrol boat,
currently being introduced support phase." this is no longer so. In recent
30cm in diameter. Annette Knight. The city of homeported to Darwin,
into service. "Furthermore the service years, the destroyer escorts
With more than a Albany adopted the ship arrived in Sydney on 15
Developed by Kaman contract with the Kaman will STUART. DERWENT and
decade in development, the prior to commissioning last September on her way to the
Aerospace, the Super cover technical and training SWAN, submarines OXLEY.
Nulka concept began with year, with the main ceremony, arriving in
Seasprite is a twin engine support requirements of the OVENS and ORION and the
the Department of Defence throughfare onboard known Wollongong Harbour two
aircraft which will enhance helicopters through the first patrol boat AWARE have
Science and Technology as York Street' days later. The FOE was
and extend the operational ten years of operations and paid off at Fleet Base West.
Organisation. Much of the The connection with carried out by crew members
capabilities of the ANZAC is consistent with the Additional ships
work was also done by Albany stems from the Great the same day, with the boat
ships. The aircraft will be Government's continuing programmed to decommission
private companies, including War, with the first ANZAC remaining in harbour until
fitted with the Penguin anti- drive to provide support to at STIRLING in the next
Aerospace Australia and in convoy sailing from there as the following Monday.
shipping missile system, the ADF through industry twelve months include the
the USA and Canada its last Australian port of call.
modern sensors. and thereby releasing uniformed hydrographic survey ship Prior to her southern
The Nulka will be fitted
advanced 'state-of-the-art' personnel for front line MORESBY and destroyer cruise. the boat
aboard the Fleet's FFG-7 (six
Helicopter Contract digital avionics suite. duties." escort TORRENS Refer to apprehended a number of
ships) and ANZAC frigates
Minister McLachlan said: The first of the Super inside back cover. foreign fishing vessels
(eight). Nulka is unique in The Minister for
"The helicopters represent Seasprites is planned to be making illegal catches off the
that once it identifies Defence, Mr Ian McLachlan,
an important new capability delivered into Australia north west of the continent.
increasingly hard-to-track has announced the Navy W e e k Sydney
for the Royal Australian Navy, during the first half of 2001 After some urgent
missiles, via a system signing of a contract for
and the Australian Defence with all deliveries completed This year's Navy Week machinery repairs
of frequency-hopping $660m with Kaman
transmissions to lure Aerospace International Force as a whole, by by mid 2002. celebrations in the Sydney WOLLONGONG headed at
incoming warhead from Corporation to provide significantly increasing the area will focus upon the speed for her next
enemy units. eleven helicopters for the ability to monitor and defend RAN's Mine Warfare appointments.
E n d of t h e Line
Royal Australian Navy. In Australia's maritime community with up to six
Major production of
Nulka will be performed at addition an in-service approaches and other areas Once most Royal ships berthed around the
Melbourne and Salisbury in support contract was of interest." Australian Navy ships and Fleet Base, Woolloomooloo
South Australia by British signed to provide long He added: "The aircraft submarines would pay off during the weekend of
Aerospace Australia and by term support services for is designed and built in the for disposal in Sydney, 18/19 October.
ADI at Mulawala (NSW) and the helicopters once they USA with extensive Australian spending their last days To celebrate the Navy's
Bendigo (Vic). This will enter service. industry involvement being berthed at the dolphins in 86th birthday, the mine
.1 Xulkn tent mutul Infiredfrom HMAS mDRISUXNE"

The Navy. October-December 1997 The Navy. October-December 1997

 X A Y A I . M : \ V S X \\ \l M A V S

Fliuiship "I th, Royal Xary * i n n l l i i i v " task gniup. the

. a n r a n MIrru r HMS 'ILLUSTRIt U S', oil th,Western
THSS H\L\S 'KANIMBLV uiul,r conversion to an LPA at
Ausinilian t oast in July. IW7 (Hut.. - LSPH l\ter
In Newcastle tn July. The bote horns In at- been n-moittl an,I
much of the interior guttnl prior to re-building
(Photo - Brian Morrison)

The Chilean Nary still training ship ~ES.MER.ILDA"

pnicrttLs u/i Sydney Harbour as /«urf of her l!H>7 l\uific
training cruise. She rislled Sytlney between ti and IX July.
(Photo - .WP/I Mitonctie Mdutrth)

HMS TR.\tM.(i.\R- Utulx the Royal Xary taskgnnip

Into Frrmanlle on 14 July. Itchuul the submarine are the
RFA 'FORT GEORGE' ami IIMS "ILLUSTRIOUS'.
(I1u>i» - .1/1Fit liter Leteis)

mrtlons of It. Hull nuclides

in/ assembly by . \nutnn.

NSW Cadet of Ihe Year. The Nary

League s annual NSW ( ode! of
the litir nuilallion for HUHi u\is
Royal Xavy Frigate HMS 'RICHMONDentering the l\,rt
autinhtl to ciulet Chief l\lty
ofFremantlc on 14 July. (Photo - POPH Scott Connolly)
Officer Lttmortt Toussaint of' TS
'ALHURY' The autird include,/ a
sponsored cruise on STS ')T)UNG
ENDE.WOUR'.

Four of the Task Group ships alongside at Fremantle. From

top. RFA 'FORT AUSTIN". HMS "RICHMOND'. HMS
'ILLUSTRIOUS' about to berth arul HMS 'RE.WER'. The next- .1ntac class frigate ~TE KAHA" arrires In .lucklanil Harbour for the first time. 11 July HW7.
(Photo - LSPH FHer Leteis) (l^oto - RNZN)

The Xaey. < Ictober-December l!H>7 The Nary. October-December IW7

 TWas The fishing vessel was anchored in matching sample belonged to the bulk
Observations The recent April - June "In Brief"
about 72 metres of water
recognised shipping track, apparently a
on a carrier

End of quest
referred to a perceived reduction in the not uncommon practice for similar craft
by Geoffrey Evans.
status of the chiefs of the Navy. Army in the area, and was stated to be
America in 1917 when American shipowners, aggrieved at and Air Force, previously known as th • showing the appropriate lights: The "IRON BARON" Dispute.
Tha Shipping Industry - Forward or Backwards
having to pay taxes on their profits, found that by setting up a Chief of Staff of their respective Sen/ices accident was reported immediately, the
and Out!
A court case involving the bulk
so called open register in Panama and flagging their ships out and who had been re-titled "Chief" message indicating there were no
In a scathing attack on bureaucrats, politicians and with the "Staff" part eliminated. injuries and no immediate danger of the carrier IRON BARON which grounded on
to it they could avoid paying taxes. To their great delight they
overseas shipowners who have over the years made a viable, It is somewhat ironical that the vessel sinking. The vessel proceeded to a reef off Northern Tasmania on 10 July
found that they could not only avoid taxation but could also
Australian-owned shipping industry almost impossible of Defence Efficiency Review, accepted by port and arrived safely. 1995 ( " I n Brief" April 1996) has been
evade prohibition and other laws ...".
achievement, Mr. Bill Bolitho, former chairman of the the Defence Minister, very firmly placed
The practice of flagging out has grown enormously and In the course of the following settled out-of-court in London
Australian National Line and of the Australian National the Service Chiefs under the command
has become what is described by Dr. Peters, principle maritime inquiry eight ships were identified as One of the consequences of the
Maritime Association (now known as the Australian
adviser to the World Bank, as an "undeclared naval w a r " and of the Chief of Defence Force where, as being in the general area at the time of
Shipowners Association) has claimed that the reform process grounding w a s oil pollution of the
by Bill Bolitho as " a war of good ships against bad. of humane his advisers on naval, military and air the collision, but only one in the
initiated in 1983 and recently stalled must continue if the adjacent coastline, attracting
shipowners, shipper and charterers against inhumane ... in a force matters, they could be seen as immediate vicinity; this ship - a bulk
existing local industry is to survive. widespread publicity at the time
sense a war of good against evil. For I can think of few acts staff members. carrier - was contacted later in the day
Mr Bolitho, who's knowledge of the local and In the circumstances the old title and reported that no collision or Representatives of the United Salvage
more evil than to send seamen to their deaths for profit". Mr.
international shipping scene is probably unsurpassed in "problems" had been experienced. Company after assessing the damage,
Bolitho believes the Federal Government should be resisting would seem to be more appropriate.
Australia, was delivering the 5th Whitlam lecture in Sydney in
rather than possibly considering proposals that would facilitate "Chief of Staff" has always been an However, fragments of paint from considered the ship could be salvaged
August The text of his address, titled "The Story of Australian
the entry of FOC ships into the Australian trade. honourable title. the damaged part of the fishing vessel BHP Transport, the company to which
Flag Shipping - A Partisan View", was accompanied by a
Despite his criticism of those he considers failed to were obtained and these indicated a
IRON BARON was under charter,
lengthy written paper explaining in detail and documenting
blue-hulled ship was involved. It so
the spoken address. The following remarks apply to both.
appreciate Australia's maritime needs in the past, Mr. Bolitho Maritima Datactivas thought otherwise and wanted the
believes all is not yet lost and that following a decade of reform happened the bulk carrier had a blue
The story as recounted by Mr. Bolitho is indeed a sorry vessel t o w e d into the Tasman and
The extent of measures taken to hull. Over a period of several months
Australia has:
one. Starting from the time Australia was a fledgling colony samples from several blue-hulled ships, scuttled.
investigate accidents at sea was shown
• " a modern hi-tech fleet still well below the average age
and half the ships in the world flew the British Flag - a great in a recent report by the Maritime including the bulk carrier which by then In the event BHP Transport's wishes
of the world fleet and a well trained and highly skilled
many of the ships unseaworthy and manned by "illiterate, was in an American port, were collected
Investigation Unit of the prevailed and when freed from the reef
work force competent to operate them.
uneducated and exploited crews" - the dependence of and sent to the Scientific Unit of the
Commonwealth Department of by the salvage company was towed into
• " a maritime training institute in Launceston second to
Australia on overseas-owned shipping and on decisions made Australian Federal Police for
Transport.
none in the world the Tasman and scuttled in 4000 metres
by British and later, foreign, shipowners interested only in profit examination.
In November 1996 a 63 tonne
• "in the Australian Maritime Safety Authority. A M S A . of water.
- a dependence that has lasted for nearly 200 years and may
fishing vessel was anchored at night The tests indicated that only one
well continue if. as the former shipping leader says, the re orm ' one of the most cost-efficient, competent and
The court case involved financial
some 30 miles south of the Victorian sample matched the retained fragments
process is not concluded successfully. Given that Australia has incorruptible maritime safety organisations in the
coastline when she was struck by a large - blue over grey undercoat; other aspects of the matter. .
the fifth largest shipping task in the world it is illogical that world.
unidentified ship which failed to stop indicated up to seven layers of various
Australia should be so dominated by overseas interests. • " a decade long history of industrial co-operation and
and disappeared into the night. coloured paints and undercoats. The
reform prior to the actions and policies of 1994. A n
The bright spots in our maritime trading history appears to
attitude which can be recaptured ..."
be
Mr. Bolitho's views can perhaps be best summarised in the (From page 17)
• the formation of the Commonwealth Line by Mr. Billy
Hughes in 1916; following passage: These facilities contribute to ANZUS • lending support to a sensible required to meet the uncertainties of the
• Australia's Navigation Act which came into force in "only a shipping company based in Australia and reliant and to Global Peace and strategic China policy strategic situation post cold war.
1921 after a delay of 19 years; upon the success of Australian exports for its existence will stability through assisting in arms • enhancing South East Asian It seems clear that, insofar as 1

• the formation of the Australian National Line by the advance the interests of Australian exporters over those of control, nuclear non-proliferation, and prosperity Australia and the US are concerned,
Menzies government in 1956; and others and in destroying Australian shipping in general and the effective nuclear deterrence. • adding weight to US policies on ANZUS is alive, well, and highly relevant

• the reform process initiated by Transport Minister Peter Australian Line in particular the Government and its free Mr Dough Paal, President of the Burma in the closing years of this century. W e

Morris in 1983. marketeers have substantially damaged the prospects of those Asia-Pacific Policy Centre, gave his view • strengthening trade liberalisation need our security fire insurance policy.
very industries from which they expect so much by destroying of advantages to the US and ANZUS co- moves and W e would be wise therefore to be sure
The Commonwealth Line lasted only until 1928 when the
our ability to develop a shipping capability appropriate to the operation as. • providing a foundation for to pay our dues. And w e must put the
Bruce government brought about its demise (an exchange of
cables between Mr. Bruce and Lord Inchcape. head of the task" • reinforcing US Engagement in regional multilateral co-operation necessary resources into continuous and

great Inchcape group of companies, quoted by Mr. Bolitho As a long-time advocate of the need for a viable Australian Aisa contrary to pushes favouring Questions put to the panel of effective self-help and mutual aid to

makes interesting reading); the Navigation Act remains flag shipping industry, the Navy League hopes that Mr. isolationism in the US speakers included whether Australia maintain and develop individual and

relatively intact; the ANL has been much reduced following the Bolitho's hopes will be realised. • assisting US moves for a reduction was paying her dues under the ANZUS collective capacity to resist armed

actions of Transport Minister Brereton in 1994, which Mr.
Bolitho claims, also halted the reform process which had been
progressing slowly but surely.
Mr. Bolitho's severest criticism was levelled at Flag-of
Convenience (FOC) shipping, a practice that" ... began in
in tension and advancing arms
If this writer may add a personal postscript to the former
shipping leader's Whitlam Address, the lack of attention to it control
by the metropolitan print and electronic media is indicative of • assisting in information warfare
and helping in technology
the community's attitude - as judged by the medium - to the
transfer
major problems bedevilling Australia.
Treaty and whether, given the uncertain attack.
strategic situation, our expenditure on
defence was realistic. In general the
feeling seemed to be yes for ANZUS and
an increase in defence expenditure was

2H The Navy. October December 1997 The Navy. October-December 1997 ISO
 \ 11 ( i >m | i;IN>S | \ » i n i «s

maximum of 18 helicopters The Kingston class ships efficient and needs a crew of
All Compass Points and aircraft; and 100 tons of
Until
equipped
the
with
carrier
armour,
is
are crewed primarily by naval just 42 to run the 13.500
ammunition. sensor and combat systems, reservists, operating on the tonne vessel. In comparison
The carrier's maximum it will remain heavily Atlantic and Pacific coasts a Type 22 frigate, which is
speed is 26.2 knots, with a dependent on escort vessels and inland as far as the Great about 4.200 tonnes, is
cruise speed of 17.2 knots. for defence. The Thai navy Lakes, conducting naval manned by at least 250
Range is estimated to be lacks submarines for escort operations including sailors.
10,000 nautical miles at 12 duty (a US$800 million plan sovereignty patrols, mine SCOTT is also the first
knots. Two spade rudders to buy three submarines was countermeasures, training ship to operate a crew
and four hull stabilisers have shelved in May 1995, and search and rescue as rotation system. There is a
been fitted. probably for financial well as surveillance in total complement of 63, but
Weapons and Sensors - reasons). Consequently, the support of other only 42 will be embarked at
Original plans had proposed carrier will have to rely on departments and agencies any one time. This allows her
an electronics fit including surface escorts to defend it such as the RCMP, Fisheries to be operational for a
2-D long-range and 3-D against surface and and Oceans, Environment minimum 307 days per year.
medium-range air-surveillance submarine attack, although Canada and Customs. Living accommodation is also
radars, a ten-console the basic command system Capable of carrying a spacious, with almost every
command-and-control will enable it to orchestrate mixed-gender crew of 36, person on board having their
system, hull-mounted sonar; operations involving the air WHITEHORSE is armed with own cabin. The ultra-modern
an electronic-warfare system group. a 40-millimetre gun and two ship also has a multi-beam
incorporating electronic While Bazan says that it .50-calibre machine-guns. echo sounder which allows it
support measures, jammers does not know of plans to She is 53 metres long, to do deeper survey work
and countermeasures equip the carrier with displaces 970 tonnes and has than ever before.
launchers; and armaments combat systems and a cruising range of more The ship was ordered
including vertical missile armaments, it is possible that than 10,000 kilometres. from BAeSEMA in January
launchers, four close-in the Thai government intends Twelve ships are being built 1995 and sub-contracted to
weapon systems and a pair to install these later. There at Halifax Shipyard Ltd., Appledore Ship Builders in
The new Thai uircni/i currier during sen trials.
of 25/30mm cannon has also been speculation under contract to Fenco North Devon. She was
mounts. However, she will that the US may assist with MacLaren Inc. launched by Mrs Carolyn
Bangkok's Aircraft shallow shores and that the Spanish Navy Harrier VSTOL include warfare/flagship
now only be fitted with basic equipment upgrades, possibly Portillo, wife of the former
Carrier country has neither the jets command and control, air
electronic systems, but not in collaboration with Bazan. Secretary of State for
expertise nor considerable The Thai Navy, whish is support for amphibious HMS -SCOTT" - Unique
BANGKOK. Thailand - In with defensive weaponry, Defence on 13 October
resources needed to main already renowned for having operations and the Thai Survey Ship
electronic warfare systems, 1996
the midst of the worst the vessel and its outdated more admirals at its disposal surface fleet, EEZ surveillance HMCS "WHITEHORSE*
sensors or decoys. DEVONPORT, UK. - HMS SCOTT will now become
economic crisis in its history, aircraft. than ships, says the carrier is and protection, search and - Half Way Point
Thailand received its brand The systems provided SCOTT, the Royal Navy's new part of the Devonport-based
A regional defence needed to patrol sealanes rescue, and disaster relief
new S300 million aircraft include a Hughes AN/SPS- HALIFAX. N.S. - The survey ship sailed into Hydrographic Surveying
analyst commented: "This is around the Spratley Islands. She will be based in the Gulf
carrier in August, becoming 52C 3-D medium range air Canadian Navy has taken Devonport Naval Base for the Squadron, producing the
a showpiece purchase for But Thailand is about the of Thailand.
the first nation in South-East search radar, a Kelvin Hughes delivery (May) of HMCS first time on 17 June 1997. Admiralty charts which are
which there is no military only country in South-East Design - The ship has a
Asia to join the naval big navigation and helicopter WHITEHORSE. the sixth of an This was a tremendous used all over the world by
justification." Asia that does not lay claim full-load displacement of
league control radar, a Kelvin eventual 12 Kingston class moment for the both Sen/ice and civilian
The 11,485-tonne, to any of the disputed islands 11,485.5 tons. Overall
Hughes l-band navigation maritime coastal defence Hydrographic Surveying sailors.
Not long after delivery, Spanish-built HMTS and their mineral and length is 182.6m; flight-deck
radar, a MX 1105 Transit/GPS vessels. Squadron (HSS) which now
the purchase began to create CHAKRI NARUEBET was fisheries resources. waterline beam 22.5m, and
Omega satellite navigation WHITEHORSE was has one of the world's most
controversy, moves that commissioned on 11 August Programme - Under the full-load draught 6.12m. She "CONSTITUTION"
system, as well as an scheduled to sail from capable vessels to undertake
could further weaken the at a lavish ceremony contract signed in July 1992, can accommodate a crew Underway
unspecified Tacan system and Halifax for its permanent its operational work. The
embattled government of attended by Mr Chavalit, a the carrier was built at complement of 600 (there
a simple communications fit. home in Esquimalt near new ship is ground-breaking MASSACHUSETTS BAY.
the Prime Minister, Mr former armed forces Bazan's Ei Ferrol yard in will also be apartments for The command and control Victoria, B.C. on 28 August. in a number of ways, Mass. - USS CONSTITUTION.
Chavalit Yongchaiyudh, as it commander who supported Spain. With a design similar the Thai Royal Family). system is made up of a The ship, under the replacing HMS HECLA which the world's oldest
struggles to keep afloat an a previous abortive move to to that of the Spanish carrier The flight deck measures combat information centre command of Lieut. Cmdr. recently left Royal Navy commissioned warship
economy that recently buy submarines for the Thai PRINCIPE OE ASTURIAS. IS 174.6m x 27.5m, sufficient with seven Inisel consoles Derek Carroll, will join service after more than 30 afloat, celebrated her 200th
signed up for a S20 billion Navy. fitted with a 12 degree ski to operate five simultaneous and an auxiliary console. The Canada's West Coast fleet years. birthday, setting sail under
International Monetary Fund In addition to the ship, jump. helicopter take-off/landings; centre is based on the Tritan and be commissioned in SCOTT is built to her own power on 21 July
bailout. the Government has also The ship was launched the hanger provides space combat data system using HMC Dockyard in late fall. merchant ship standards, for the first time in 116
Critics say there is no spent S I 7 5 million for six on 20 February 1996, with for ten more medium Unisys UYK-3 and UYK-20 Whitehorse is the first enhanced to naval years.
strategic rationale for a ship Sikorsky Seahawk helicopters sea trials in October/ helicopters or Harrier-sized computers. If upgraded the Canadian warship named for requirements where Better known as "Old
capable cf projecting naval and another $138 million on November 1996. The aircraft. It is estimated that C2 system will be served by the capital of the Yukon necessary. With extensive Ironsides," she is an 18th
power far from Thailand's a squadron of nine former carrier's main roles will the carrier could carry a 11 consoles. Territory. automation SCOTT is highly century frigate manned by a

2H The Navy. October December 1997 The Navy. October-December 1997 ISO
 M l ( <»ni|»iiss I ' . n n i s ML ( <» I I | l i I S S \ > i 111 K

21st century crew - an arduous training culminated Capability torpedo, the best In response to U.S. they will join a pair of Type
example of the lasting in the young crew climbing in the world. With twice as Airforce-sponsored studies 209 submarines, built in Kiel
quality of workmanship, the riggirg like seasoned tall many torpedo tubes and a that claim the cost of and commissioned in 1981
professionalism and ship Sailors, prepared to put 30 percent increase in maintaining B-2 bombers is Acquisition of a larger,
dedication of our Navy Chief "Old Ironsides" through her weapons magazine size less than that of an aircraft 8,000 tonne, former Russian
of Naval Operations Admiral paces compared to the previous carrier, a new Navy point troop vessel are now
Jay L. Johnson commented For this birthday sailing, 688-dass submarines, paper shows carriers have complete The ship is
on her place in naval history CONSTITUTION was towed SEAWOLF is eminently been used in 10 separate expected to be one of three
-CONSTITUTION links the from Boston to Marblehead, capable of establishing and international crises since IVAN ROGOV class LPDs built
legacy of our Navy's past 17 miles north of Boston, to maintaining battle space 1993, while B-2 and B-1 for the Soviet Navy in the
with the promise of our stage the ship in dominance bombers have not been used 1980s The as yet named LPD
future," Johnson said. "She Massachusetts Bay During "As Secretary of the at all. B-52s were used once will be able to embark a
embodies the constancy of the War of 1812, she found Navy, and as a former But the paper notes the battalion group, with the
our enduring mission: a safe haven in Marblehead submariner who understands B-2 has appeared in the associated armour and
forward presence " from two British warships. the important contributions 1997 Rose Bowl parade and supporting vehicles The ship
Authorised by President There were no enemies at of the "Silent Service", I will many air shows. is fitted with bow and stern
George Washington in 1793 which to level her guns on continue to support our ramps (into the docking bay)
to protect American this occasion, but she fired efforts to aggressively and a hanger for up to four
Singapore Buys
shipping, she was the most both port and starboard modernise America's I 'icopters
Submarines
effective warship of her era, batteries during the historic Sf^ttrmrn class subinartiu . shown here in Swedish colours.
submarine force," said The Indonesian ship will
projecting power during the sailing. As the smoke
Dalton. "We are indeed SINGAPORE - Singapore selected from one of the
Navy between 1999 and Indonesian Acquisitions Deliveries of the second
Quasi-War with France, cleared, the Navy Flight
fortunate that SEAWOLF and has purchased three second- o laid up with the Russian
2001, Kockums spokesman hand boats is expected from
against the Barbary pirates in Demonstration Squadron -
her sister ships will provide hand Sjoormen (A 12) class INDONESIA - Reports Pacific Fleet, IVAN ROGOV or
Thomas Arosenius said. The early 1988 and conclude in
the Mediterranean, and the Blue Angels - flew over
the lessons w e need for submarines from the Royal from the Indonesian capital ALEXSANDR NIKOLAEV
value of the purchase has mid to late 1999 In sen/ice
defeating the British during the sailing ship, and modern
constant improvement of our Swedish Navy to augment have confirmed that the
not been disclosed Tony Tan.
the War of 1812, where she day warships USS RAMAGE
undersea capability." the single 1960s-era Indonesian (TNI-AL) Navy
Singapore's defence minister,
earned her nickname (DDG 61) and USS
Sj6ormen (RSS RIKEN) it have purchased five former
commented on 31 July, that
USS CONSTITUTION and HALYBURTON (FFG 40)
bought in 1995 West German Type 206 class
Value Of Bomber Fleet the subs will be used for
her early crews never lost rendered honors as they
The boats, to be training. submarines.
one of the 42 battles in passed by CONSTITUTION
WASHINGTON, USA - upgraded by Sweden's The three boats had The five boats, all un-
which she was engaged. She An interesting report from Kockums AB Shipyards, will been retired by the Swedish modermsed, include U-13,
was the epitome of fighting
USS "SEAWOLF" the America press be delivered to the Singapore Navy, in advance of the U-14, U-19 and U-21 plus
spirit and victory, inspiring
Commissioned commissioning of the new U-20 to be cannibalised for
patriotism in a very young
f > Gotland class The first of the spare parts. All were built in
nation. GROTON, Conn - USS
four, RIKEN is expected to be West Germany between
On 21 July. "Old SEAWOLF was commissioned
WELCOME
delivered in early 1998. Each 1969 and 1975, crewed by 4
Ironsides" and her crew on 19 July at Electric Boat TO THE submarine has a crew of 23, officers and 18 sailors each
logged another success in Shipyard in Groton, Conn. PORT OF DARWIN The boats are fitted with
with a surfaced displacement
the history of the ship she USA She is the first of three eight 533 mm torpedo
For more information on things to do of 1,130 tons. All were
sailed under her own power Seawolf class submarines to tubes, but due the small size
and places to see, tour information originally built during the
for an hour in Massachusetts be built for the United States of the submarines, no
and bookings, call in and see the late 1960s
Bay. Navy reloads are carried
"This sailing reminds us "America has waited
that - just as 200 years ago - anxiously for SEAWOLF. to
our Navy is the best because contribute to the vital
of our proud and dedicated forward presence we
Sailors." stated ADM maintain with our naval DARWIN REGION
Johnson expeditionary forces," said TOURISM ASSOCIATION
Like today's Navy ships, Navy Secretary John Dalton. V I S n ORS INFORMATION CENTRE.
CONSTITUTION served Armed with Tomahawk Telephone: 08 8981 4300 Fax: 08 8981 0653
multiple purposes, including cruise missiles, the boat can Email: drtainfoOozemail.com.au
acting as a training ship target about 75 percent of Beagle HOUM Cnr Mitchell * Knuckey Sts
Darwin City
during and after the Civil the earth's land mass for
War. In preparation for this strike missions and can DARWIN PORT AUTHORITY
Fort Hill Wharf, Darwin
event, she once again proved target surface ships at long
Telephone: 08 89247032
an impressive learning range She also carries the http:www.nt.gov.au Amphibious assault ship "fl'.LY ROGOV". In Soviet naval service.
platform. Long months of Mark 48 Advanced Germ in submarine I'14 (Photo - R.UF)

2H The Navy. October December 1997 The Navy. October-December 1997

ISO
 liipaiii'sv Siil»iii;iriiu>s S j i u v

torpedoes, all launched from six HU- electric, 2 Kawasaki credited with speeds in excess of 30kn.

JAPANESE SUBMARINES SINCE 1954 603B tubes

Oyashio (SS-590) is the first of a
12V25S diesels,
3400bhp/2 Kawasaki
It was developed
experimental
from
weapon,
the GRX-1
becoming
new design of SSK was laid down at electric motors and operational in 1980.
By Antony Preston
Kawasaki's Kobe yard on 26 January Fuji alternators, No submarines built since the
W h e n the Japanese Maritime Self 1994, and is planned to be delivered in 7750hp, 12kn/20kn Mingo have remained in front-line
Defence Force (MSDF) was created in March next year. She was authorised in (surfaced/submerge) service for more than 17 years. Unlike
1954 the US Navy was keen for it to Fiscal Year 1993, with a further three Armament: Six launchers for other major submarine-operators the
develop a range of capabilities, funded in succeeding years. Despite the Type 80 and 89 MSDF does not appear to go in for
including a submarine force devastation caused two years ago by the torpedoes and major mid-life upgrades, preferring to
In August 1955 the 13-year-old Kobe earthquake, work on the UGM-84 Sub replace its middle-aged SSKs with new
Gato class submarine USS Mingo (SS- submarines at Kawasaki and Mitsubishi Harpoon missiles construction. This does not rule out
261) was transferred and renamed the has not been delayed, according to the (20 loads) detailed improvements such as the
Kuroshio (SS-501). Her main role was Defence Agency. Complement: 10 officers, 59 addition of Sub Harpoon and upgrades
training a new generation of submarine This design is the first to depart enlisted personnel to sonars, but it has the advantage of
specialists, until she was from the US Navy's Barbel design, which The Type 89 torpedo was formerly keeping the shipyards busy while at the
decommissioned in 1966 and returned. formed the basis of the previous two known as the GRX-2, and is widely same time having a relatively modern
Under the 1956 Programme the classes. The most obvious difference is regarded as equivalent to the US Navy's submarine force. The rundown of the
MSDF laid down its first submarine, the the arrangement of the weapon launch- Mk 48. Reported range is 30,000m at a MSDF will see the submarine force cut
1420-ton (submerged displacement) tubes above the bow sonar window. maximum speed of 70kn (presumably to 14 boats or even 12, which means
Oyashio (SS-511) at Kawasaki Heavy Particulars on the surface), or nearly 50,000m at that some of the older Yushio class will
Industries in Kobe Apart from being Displacement: 2700t (standard), 40kn. It became operational in the mid- soon be retired.
fitted with a snort (snorkel), the design 3000t (submerged) 1990s. The Type 80 is a replacement for Acknowledgment: W e are indebted
was noticeably conservative, smaller Dimensions: 82.0m (wl) x 8.9m x the Mk 37-0-N, launched from the to Ships of the World and The Naval
than the Kuroshio. with an armament of 10.3m standard tube using a liner. Driven by Institute Guide to World Naval Weapon
only four 21 inch (533mm) torpedo-
Propulsion: Single-shaft diesel- silver-zinc battery and wire-guided, it is Systems. •
tubes, and folding forward diving
568), Narushio (SS-569), Kuroshio Takeshio introduced the ZQQ-3 sonar, as
planes. Completed in 1960, Oyashio
(SS-570), Takashio (SS-572) and Yaeshio well as the SQS-36(J) medium-frequency
was discarded in 1976.

A series of equally modest designs

(SS-572) entered service in
Although some non-Japanese sources
1971-78. active sonar on the fin Since then they
have been retrofitted with a Hughes-Oki
ONBOARD A FAIRMILE
followed, Hayashio (SS-521) and
claim that the designers followed US sonar and starting with Akishio. four
Wakashio (SS-522) built in 1960-62, and
Navy practice in placing the torpedo- have been refitted with the US Navy's
Natsushio (SS-523) and Fuyushio (SS-
tubes amidships (but increased to six), SQR-15 dip-on towed array. All will be
524). Both classes displaced under 900
information published in Japan indicates refitted with ZQQ-5B sonars. From
tons (submerged) and were armed with
a conventional layout Other innovations Nadashio onwards (1984) all were
three 21 inch torpedo-tubes. A pattern
included diving planes on the fin, a capable of launching UGM-84 Sub
was established of awarding alternate
double hull, NS-63 steel to permit diving Harpoon from their HU-603 tubes, in
contracts to Mitsubishi and Kawasaki.
to 200m, a separate emergency high- addition to their Type 89 torpedoes.
The next group, the first Japanese
pressure blowing system, and a three- The newest submarine class
"fleet" submarines built since the
dimensional automatic steering system. currently in sen/ice includes Harushio
Second World War marked a big jump in
Uzushio was decommissioned in (SS-583), Natsushio (SS-584), Hayashio
capability, with a displacement double
1987, but her sisters were all reclassified (SS-585), Arashio (SS-586), Wakashio
that of the Hayashio group. The
as training boats (ATSS) until finally (SS-587), Fuyushio (SS-588) and Ayashio
prototype Oshto (SS-561) was delivered
decommissioned in 1992-3, with the (SS-589) built during 1987-97. Intended
in 1965, and four production variants
followed in 1967-69: Asashio (SS-562), exception of the Yaeshio. which was to replace the Uzushio class, they are a

Harushio (SS-563), Michishio (SS-564) redesignated ATS 8005 in 1994 natural progression from the previous
Falrmtle B Motor Launch No. 4ill. An onboard view taken
and Arashio (SS-565). Armament was The next design was very similar, class. Harushio was completed with the in June 1944. showlny the vessel's 20mm Ocrllkon yun and
ZQQ-5 cylindrical sonar array forward, Its two m a n crew. The weapon was mounted abaft the s t a c k
heavy, six bow tubes and two stern but capable of deeper diving (to 275m) %
with a range of 1.000 yards and r a t e of fire of450 rounds
tubes, with a speed of 14/18kn and equipped with improved integrated with a new Japanese- per minute. The 20mm was Itxuled from a drum feed which
could he quickly replaced by a fresh container.
(surfaced/submerged). electronics. Yushio (SS-573), Mochishio developed reelable towed array, the

(SS-574), Setoshio (SS-575), Okishio (SS- ZQR-1. Natsushio and the later boats
The MSDF relied heavily on the US
576), Nadashio (SS-577), Hamashio (SS- have the improved ZQQ-5B sonars. They
Navy (USN) for technical assistance, and
578), Akishio (SS-579), Takeshio (SS- appear to carry a mix of an estimated
the next class was the first to adopt the
Yyun aboard Fhlrmlle B Motor Launch No. $02. This weapon teas carried by each
"teardrop" hull for high underwater 580), Yukishto (SS-578) and Sachishio twelve Type 89 heavyweight torpedoes
Fhlrmite to launch depth charges a safe distantV from the ship and to create a wider
speed manoeuvrability Uzushio (SS- (SS-582) were built in 1976-1989, with and Sub Harpoon missiles, and eight arc of attack against enemy submarines. In this photograph, two depth charges are
being prepand for detonation.
566), Makishio (SS-567). Isoshio (SS- a displacement of 2250 tons (surfaced) Type 80 short anti-submarines

The Navy. October-December 1997 ISO

2H The Navy. October December 1997

ADFA Tour Gallipoli
I ill Sarah Giles
Miilshipman. ft LY
23 Division
Australian Defence Force Academy
From sipping apple tea in a cafe The trip commenced with two days
in Istanbul to a Dawn Service at in Istanbul During this time we
Anzac Cove, the experiences were crammed in as much sightseeing as
many and varied for the 80 staff and possible, including the Blue Mosque,
cadets from the Australian Defence Haga Sofia and ferry trips across the
Bosphorous into Asia These activities
Force Academy (ADFA) who visited
Turkey in May 1997 for the Gallipoli were interspersed with many a donor
Battlefield Tour. kebab, and Turkish delight Of course
apart from the elusive belly dancers, the
The trip was initiated in 1996 to
search for which occupied many a
provide us with a greatly increased
understanding of our Australian cadet's evening, the main attraction
heritage and the exact context in which of Istanbul was the Grand Bazaar Here
the Anzac tradition was forged It also we ran riot, haggling over the prices of
introduced many of us to the wonders fake Calvin Klein shirts, fezs, jewellery,
of Europe and its ancient past food, leather goods - anything! Never
Replica of the Turkish minelayer "NL'SRAT" at Canakkate "Nl'SRAT" laid the mines In the Dariiencllcs which sank several Allied warships and
caused the naval attempt Ut force the [kirtlerwlles to fall. Thus the larul cam/MiIgn teas initiated.
have our arguing skills been so well
practised
Following a visit and tour of the
Turkish War College where Turkey's
more senior officers are trained, we
moved on to the mam aim of our trip-
an exploration of the Gallipoli Peninsula
From our base in Canakkale, a town on
the Asian side of the Dardanelles, we set
out in four groups to different parts of
the Peninsula to begin our trek. Before
beginning, we sat on the deck of a
replica of the Turkisn minelayer NUSRAT
(which had laid mines in March 1915,
which had sunk several Allied warships
2H The Navy. October December 1997
and caused the Naval assault on the
Dardanelles to fail) and listened to a
Turkish historian's view of the campaign
including the fortification of the
Dardanelles and the defences which the
Allied navies, including our own AE2
submarine, attempted to penetrate I
had not previously comprehended the
narrowness of the Straits at this point
and it amazes me that any ship was able
to draw even close to the Sea of
Marmara.
For me, the time at Gallipoli
provided some of the most moving
moments and experiences of my life.
Our group started our travels in the
south, at and around Cape Helles From
the towering Turkish Memorial which
dominates the landscape we looked
across to V. W, X and Y beaches where
the British and French soldiers had
landed 82 years ago. That afternoon.
The grave of CPO Edward firkins of the RAN Bridging 7hUn. at Hill 10 Cemetry. Surla Bay. The Bridging 7hiin was the only RAN unit to serve
The Navy. October-December 1997
\I>1 \ I l.iillipoli
in World War I as Krithia and the site of
a famous battle involving Anzac troops
The only reminder left is a small war
museum
The highlight of the trip came over
the next two and a half days during
which we explored the north of the
Peninsula where our country had its so
called "baptism of fire". We explored
the Lone Pine cemetery at the site where
2000 Anzacs were killed on 6 August
1915, we posed for photos at the Nek,
where the 10th Light Horse Regiment
from Western Australia charged up a
ridge the width of two tennis courts
only to be mown down by Turkish
gunfire, as depicted in the movie
"Gallipoli". A small group of us left the
main road to scramble
Rhododendron Spur as the New
Zealanders had done 82 years earlier in
an attempt to capture Chunuk Bair, the
ashore at Gallipoli.
so we discovered a trail of evidence of
the fierce battles that took place:
remains of trenches, live rounds, a skull
half destroyed by shrapnel, pieces of
ceramic rum jars possibly issued to the
Anzacs to provide them with some
"Extra Courage" before battle and the
find of the trip - a New Zealand hat
badge.
Our trip concluded with further
travel around Turkey in which we toured
the ancient ruins of Troy and Ephesus
and the supposed retirement home of
the Mother Mary. A quick stopover on
the way back also gave us the
opportunity of a lightening tour of
Cairo, including a sound and light show
at the Pyramids - a spectacular end to
up
what turned out to be two weeks of
experiences and emotions which will
remain with the staff and cadets for
ISO
 1 lu \il\ \ l\Y\ i*»i(i i

"NAVY
(tctober 19B7 hxttuml a ntlour cover of the HattU class destroyer

"The NAVY" Revisited HMAS "TOBRUK". replenishing at sea from HMAS

'MELBOURNE'. Note the price: one shlllini/ for the s/tecUil Navy
Week Issue!

OMiCUl ORGS'' OF THE NFT¥Y LEAGUE Of LUSTRTI A

In 1998. The Navy', the M a g a z i n e of the Navy L e a g u e of Australia, will celebrate its 60th year of publication. During 1997
navy WEEK S O U V E N I R P R O G R A M M E ISSUE
w e will feature pages from various earlier editions In this issue t h e m o n t h s of O c t o b e r 1947 a n d O c t o b e r 1957 h a v e b e e n

re-produced
(The editor is keen to hear from readers w h o possess copies of a n y 1938 editions t o mark its D i a m o n d Anniversary) •

MCllllll PMIMME •I
IMSPLAY AT GARCIA ISLAND ILLB «XT»H»H L«T
AND
»»TX DAY AT H-M.A-S. "WATSON" AT WATSON'S BAY. IHH IM TOHIH I9SI

Front cover of the October 1947 edition. The well known naixit officer The October 1947 edition Included this piece of nautical humour.
depicted was used on a number of the early Issues.

T h e best ICI
way to see Australia
Operations
Pty Ltd

16/20 Beauchamp Road,

Botany NSW

I I I I I I \ l . I . 1 III I I P *
111 I I I H M s Mi \ I I \ The yootl old days. Outline map and /woymmmr for a busy Often Day at the dartlen Island dockyttnl. Bt*h carriers were present, the Royal Navy
submarine HMS "AUROCHS'. plus IIMA Ships 'VOYAGER'. "WARRAMUNGA" and 'QUEENBOROUGH'.

The Navy. October-December 1997 The Navy. OctoUr-Decembtr 1'.197 37


? WHAT IS A . . . COOK ?
The 'What is a ... ' navy people
re-produced
Note: This name can be
confusing, as some Cooks can a n d
some can't - g e n e r a l l y however,
they c a n ' t It is pointed o u t that this
is only a n opinion held by 9 9 % of
t h e N a v y a n d should not therefore
be t a k e n as t h e rule.
What is a Cook? The Concise
Oxford Dictionary says of a Cook - one
whose business it is to cook f o o d ' This
definition does not necessarily apply to
Naval Cooks (see note above). The word
"cook" is a noun, that is, the name of
something Although what is cooked is
generally without a name
The favourite past-time of the Cook
is playing PHUNG! The game is played at
the servery when potatoes, pumpkin,
and cabbage etc, are being dished out
As the Cook dishes up, he arches the
arm, contracts the bicep, and then with
super-human effort - PHUNG! on your
Australian Maritime'College
H M »k k \ \ it.w v
AUSTRALIAN WARSHIPS WARSHIPS of the USSR and RUSSIA
Through The Lens 1945 -1995
1901 to 1940
series was originally written in the late l!)50s. The set of eight will Ix- By A. S. Pavlov
Published by Topmill Published by Chatham Publishing, London
in ~ The Savy" during Wf)7-fNi.
Cost: $80 (approx)
Cost: S 12.95
are sifted from the S's by an ingenious Reviewed by Ross Gillett
plate The main idea of the game being Reviewed by Joe Straczek
to pile the food in the centre of the system, the main point being, to cook
plate, and from wide reports, most This new book
eggs If the eggs are actually cooked Since the early 1990s the Topmill imprint has appeared on
is from the stables
Cooks are fairly expert at this
then the Cook is labelled 0 If not, then the very popular Navy Profiles, this latest 112 page book being
of Chatham, a
Cooks wear white tee shirts, white
an S is attached to him Now and again the sixth in the series. naval publishing
trousers and white caps The white cap
some O's slip through to become S's, but However, "Through the Lens" is more than just another house, formed in
however, is optional, although I believe,
this is very rare (This idea of labelling is book about the Royal Australian Navy. It the first in a three England in the mid
compulsory. The mark of the Cook is old
borrowed from blood grouping) volume photographic history, a set of books spanning some 1990s. The latest
and greasy looking boots and shoes, but
330 plus pages with over 1,100 illustrations. release from the
it is not true that Cooks sleep in these Many expressions surround the
The main difference between the new Through the Lens company is entitled
Cooks wear their trousers tucked into Cook For example, " W h o called the
Warships of the
books and other earlier publications is the degree to which the
their socks Cook a runt?" and " W h o called the runt
USSR and Russia
warships and support vessels of the Navy have been illustrated,
W h e n addressing a Cook and not a Cook?" This latter expression is used 1945-1995
knowing his hame. most refer to him as not just a single photograph, but with each ship or class
frequently Authored by
"Chef" As you know, this word is depicted at almost every stage in their respective careers. For
Cooks cannot, at any stretch of the Russian A. S. Pavlov
French for 'head cook' but it does not example, from the Great War era, the River class torpedo boat
imagination, be called "first Boatmen" and edited by naval
mean that Cooks cook heads If they destroyers are shown via 21 photographs, the training ship
analyst Norman
They do not rush from work at 1545 to
were to cook heads however. I'm sure TINGIRA with four and the old PIONEER and PSYCHE with nine
Friedman for the
that they would be deliciously done (this shower, to change, to dress, to get views.
English language
last comment was added very hastily) ashore on the first boat No! Why, some
The first of the new books covers the years from 1901 to edition, the book has been fully revised and updated to
Cooks can be either 0 (Officers) or may ask! Well, its because they step 1940 with the following profiles to span 1941 to 1950 and incorporate the latest information emerging from the former
S (Ships). At the cookery school the O's ashore at 0900 • then 1951 to 2000. Soviet Union.
Each ship or class, whether purpose built or requisitioned Sub-divided into three sections; ships built and completed
from the private trade is presented in sequence of the date of from pre-war and Second World War projects; ships of the
post-war projects; and civilian-type ships included in the Navy
commissioning into the RAN, with units modified or rebuilt
also depicted at those subsequent times. All 330 illustrations in
List, the Soviet book is laid out something like the traditional
Janes Fighting Ships. Each ship or class is described via both
"Through the Lens" are well captioned, with each ship
technical data and narrative, with numerous side profile and
prefaced by brief technical specifications.
deck plans re-produced to accompany the numerous black and
For the warship/navy buff, the new "Through the Lens" is white illustrations
highly recommended The first volume can be obtained direct
Compared to the other Chatham books now in the
from the publisher at 102 Victoria Road, Marrickville, NSW. marketplace. Warships of the USSR and Russia is reproduced
2204, phone 02 9565 1266 or through most medium to large on somewhat inferior quality paper, giving a somewhat
newsagencies traditional 'communist' feel to the publication. On the positive
side, the ship plans reproduce extremely well, providing for
...Mum Had A Choice" most, the first technical view of the upper deck, profile and
interiors of many of the warships.
She is a member of NHBS and had the
GREAT LINERS AT WAR
choice of her own Doctor and Hospital.
• Private health insurance guarantees you the right of By Stephen Harding
choice. Medicare only offers a public ward in a public
hospital, and not necessarily the doctor of your choice.
Published by Motorbooks International THE SHIPBUILDERS OF
• NHBS top cover provides you with a wide choice of Review copy from Capricorn Link. Australia BRISBANE WATER NSW
private as well as public hospitals and guarantees the
Reviewed by Joe Straczek
doctor of your choice.
By Gwen Dundon
Your family will benefit. Published by the author
Great Liners at war is a 160 page book recounting the
Cost: $35
Brochures and application forms are wartime exploits of the most famous passenger liners. From
available from your pay office or the Reviewed by Joe Straczek
Australian Defence Credit Union the LUISITANIA of the Great War to the QUEEN MARY of the
Second World War through to the QE2 at the Falklands, the This may appear to be a rather odd book to review in The
or call NHBS toll free 1800 333 156
book describes the wartime activities of nine of the most
or (03) 9S10 3422 Navy Magazine. It is the story of the 500 plus mainly
famous, largest and fastest liners. commercial vessels built on the shores of the Brisbane Water.
The Savy. October-December 1997
 Hook Ki\k\\s

near Gosford on the New South Wales central coast. l century, through
From 1829 to the present day. the author describes the the early turret
vessels that have been designed and launched into the tranquil ships and barbette
waters known to all as Brisbane Water More than 200 rare ships, up to and
photographs have been discovered by the author, while the including the first
careers of most of the craft and their builders have been modern day
reproduced for the interest of the reader battleship, HMS
From what this reviewer can ascertain, just one vessel built DREADNOUGHT.
in Brisbane Water, saw RAN service. The ship was the 1941 commissioned in
vintage motor vessel PATRICIA CAM, constructed by Gordon 1905
Beattie for Cam and Sons Pty Ltd. Requisitioned by the Navy in Similar
1941, PATRICIA CAM operated in the role of auxiliary descriptions are
minesweeper She was sunk on 22 January, 1943, by a also provided
Japanese seaplane off Wessel Island, north-east of Arnhem through the smaller
Land This book can only be obtained from the author, phone and medium size
043 25 1777 warships, including
the variety of
cruiser types, early
destroyers and gunboats. Our own Victorian breastwork
WARRIOR to D R E A D N O U G H T
monitor HMVS CERBERUS is described, as is the torpedo boat
Warship Development 1860-1905
HMVS COUNTESS OF HOPETOUN, with a new illustration of
By D. K. Brown the vessel, not long after launching.
Published by Chatham Publishing The book is primarily a technical history of this new era of
Reviewed by Ross Gillett warships, focusing on the armament, armour protection,
speed and machinery, the development of new guns and (.Uxwe): The former destroyer escort "SW'.LV". laid up In the shallows as she undergoes stripping and cleaning lo meet eiwlmnmental standards
In the southern Western Australian Ihrt of Bunbury's outer harbour. 'SWAN' will be scuttled In Geogmphe Bag. /..'< nm off MM liquet.
In the year 1860 the Royal Navy commissioned its first torpedoes and the countermeasures to defeat them. On the Ihmsboraugh In December. l!H)7. Her twin 4.5 Inch gun turret u\is relocated to ihe historic Mixing tourist coin/tie.r. I'rincess Royal Forts.
ironclad, the evolutionary 9,137 ton HMS WA1RIOR With an historical front, full accounts are provided for the 1882 attack (I'hoto - CPONPC Aruly Hooker)

impressive armament of twenty-six 68 pounders and ten 110 on Alexandria, the ramming of HMS VICTORIA by HMS
pounders, the new warship could make 14 knots, all for an CAMPERDOWN in 1893, the 1898 Spanish-American War and (Below): The Oberon class submarines "ORION' (left) and "OVENS", laid up In the HMAS "STIRLING" Small Ships (bmpound. "ORION" is In
the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05. resen<e. awaiting a division on her future, either sold. refilteil. scrapped or preservation as a /looting museum. "OWNS", until ncently the R/\N's
investment of 377,292 English pounds. The arrival of the new alongside training submarine at Fleet Base Hiwi. will be hamletl over to the Western Australian Maritime Museum In late KM/7. The boa( is be
man-o-war, almost immediately rendered all older wooden Many rare photographs from the second half of the 19th lowetl to Fremantle to prejnre her for the newrnle."OVENS" will then be llfletl fmm the water and phuril on display In Fremantle Harbour.
century illustrate "Warrior to Dreadnought", the numerous (I'hoto - ABPH Stuart Farrow)
warships obsolete
The book "Warrior to Dreadnought" describes the data tables providing additional information for the naval

development of the British Navy from these first fully rigged enthusiast. Highly recommended.

ironclads designed for broadside actions of the mid 19th

Notice is hereby given that the

ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING
0(
THE NAVY L E A G U E OF AUSTRALIA
will be held at the B r a s s e y Hotel. B e l m o r e G a r d e n s . Barton A C T
On Friday, 14 November, 1997, at 8 pm
BUSINESS
1. To confirm the Minutes of the Annual General Meeting held in Canberra on Friday, 8 November. 1996
2. To receive the report of the Federal Council, and to consider matters raised therefrom
3. To receive the financial statements for the year ended 30 June 1997
4. To elect Officer Bearers for the 1997-98 year as follows:
- Federal President
- Federal Vice President
- Additional Vice Presidents (3)
Nominations for these positions are to be lodged with the Honorary Federal Secretary prior to commencement of the
Meeting.
5. General Business:
- To deal with any matter notified in writing to the Honorary Federal Secretary by 3 November. 1997
- To approve the continuation in office of those members of the Federal Council who have attained 72 years of age.
namely Arthur Hewitt (WA), Joan Cooper (Tas) and Mervyn Cooper (Tas)

ALL MEMBERS ARE WELCOME TO ATTEND

By order of the Federal Council
Don Schrapel, Honorary Federal Secretary. PO Box 309 Mt Waverley 3149
Telephone (03) 9888 1977 Fax (03) 9888 1083

The Navy. (ktober-December 1!K)7

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