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ADVENT OF
EUROPEANS
IN INDIA

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Advent of Europeans in India

Portuguese

 The Cape of Good Hope discovered by a Portuguese explorer Bartolomeu Dias in 1488.
 He saw it and called it the “Cape of Storms.”
 Vasco Di Gama was the first Portuguese to visit India in 1498.
 He came to India via the Cape of Good Hope and reached the Calicut coast.
 Vasco de Gama's ship was named Sao Gabriel.
 He was welcomed by Zamorin.
 In 1508, Portuguese established their first factory in Cochin.
 In 1502, Vasco De Gama again arrived in India.
 For the purpose of trading spices.
 First governor of Portuguese in India was Francisco De Almeida (1505-1509).
 Almeida attacked on Arabian traders and conquered their trade which is known as Blue Water
Policy of Almeida.
 In 1509, Almeida returned from India and Alfanso De Albukurg became the governor of Por-
tuguese.
 He was an actual founder of Portuguese empire in India.
 He made Cochin as capital of Portuguese.
 In 1510, He attacked on Adil Shah of Bijapur and he got Goa from him.
 In 1515, Albukurg died in India.
 Nino da Cunha (1529-36) was the third governor of Portuguese.
 In 1530, he shifted his capital from Cochin to Goa.
 Portuguese came early in India but stayed the longest time.
 Potatoes were brought in India by Portuguese.
 Harvesting of Tobacco is the contribution of Portuguese.
 Red Chilly was brought by Portuguese in India.
 Ship building was started by them.

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Dutch

 In 1596, Carhaleus Houtman was the first Dutch to arrive India.

 In 1602, Dutch East India Company established.
 In 1605, Dutch established their first factory in Masulipatnam.
 They started golden coins in India named Pagoda coin.
 Dutchess had two industries in India-
1. Cotton Textile Industry
2. Indigo Industry
 In 1759- Battle of Bedrra
 Britishers conquered their trade and after that Dutchess returned to Netherland.
Britishers

 Ralph Finch was the First Britishers came to India.

 31 Dec 1600- East India Company established.
 In 1608 AD First British ship Hector arrived at Surat port of India.
 In 1808 AD William Hawkins came as the messenger of James I to the court of Jahangir.
 William Hawkins remained in the Mughal capital Agra until 1811.
 In 1613 AD Britisher established their first factory in Surat.
 In 1616 AD Thomas Roe was the second messenger of James I to the court of Jahangir.
 In 1661 AD British Prince Charles got married to Portuguese princess Catherine Braganza.

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 After this marry Mumbai was given to Britishers in dowry.

 In 1661 AD Charles gave Bombay to EIC on the rent of 10 Pound per year.
 In 1717 AD Britishers got a Golden ordinance from the Mughal Emperor Farrukhsiyar.
 After British, Danish came to India.

Danish (People of Denmark)

 In 1616, Danish East India Company was established.

 In 1620, Danish established their first factory in Troncobar, Kerala.
 In 1845, Danish sold their trade to Britishers & returned to Denmark.

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French


 The company was founded in 1664 AD at the request of Colbert, the minister of the French
Emperor Louis 14.
 In 1668, French opened their first factory in Surat.
 In 1672, French Governor Francois Martin attacked on Sher Khan Lodhi and he got Pondi-
cherry village from him.
 In 1694, He made Pondicherry its capital.
 In 1760, War Wandiwash was fought between the British and French which French power
ended in India.

European Country Establishment Of Company First Factory in India

Portuguese 1496 Cochin

English 1600 Masulipatnam

Dutch 1602 Surat

Denmark 1616 Troncobar

French 1664 Surat