MATHEMATICS

PR IM E AND
COMP OS ITE N UMBER

Hannah Jean Cabilogan

2ndyr. EDUC 2A BEED
 H
W AT IS A PRIME NUMB E R

A prime number is a whole number greater than 1 whose only factors are 1
and itself. A factor is a whole number that can be divided evenly into another
number. The first few prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23 and 29.
Numbers that have more than two factors are called composite numbers.

A prime number is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of

two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not
prime is called a composite number.
Example of Prime
 Some Facts about Prime Numbers
2 is the smallest prime number.
2 is the only prime number that is even.
2 and 3 are the only consecutive prime numbers.
Except for 0 and 1, a whole number is either a prime number or a composite
number.
All odd numbers are not prime numbers. For example, 21, 39, etc.
No prime number greater than 5 ends in a 5.
Sieve of Eratosthenes is one of the earliest methods of finding prime numbers.
Prime numbers get rarer as the number gets bigger.
There is no largest prime number. The largest known prime number (as of
September 2021) is 282,589,933 − 1, a number that has 24,862,048 digits
when written in base 10. By the time you read this, it may be even larger.
Composite number
In math, composite numbers can be
defined as numbers that have more than
two factors. Numbers that are not prime
are composite because they are divisible
by more than two numbers.
 Example:
1.Factors of 4 = 1, 2, 4 i.e.
Since 4 has more than two
factors. So, 4 is a
composite number.

2. Factors of 6 = 1, 2, 3, 6
Since 6 also has more than
two factors. So, 6 is also a
composite number.
Fun Facts about Composite number

The numbers 0 and 1 are neither prime nor composite

numbers.
All even numbers except 2 are composite numbers.
4 is the smallest composite number.
Each composite number can be written as a product of two
or more primes
Composite numbers are divisible by other composite
numbers.
All composite numbers are always divisible by 1 and the
number itself.
 HOW DO WE KNOW
IF THE NUMBER IS
PRIME OR
COMPOSITE?
 The method you can use to
determine if it is a prime or
composite number is in the following
list below

Multiplication
Greatest Common Factor (GCF)
Least common multiple (LCM)
 You have 27 circles you need to
identify if it's prime or composite
 You have 27 circles you need to
identify if it's prime or composite
GCF 27 LCM
Multiplication Division
27 2
1 3 r1
27

3x9
3
3
27
9
3 3
=1x27 2 1
07 3x3
=3x9
6
=9x3 1 LCM:3X3X3
=27x1 =27
 27
is a example of Composite
Number
 thinking a two
number that when
you multiply the
answer is 3

1 x 3= 3
3 x 1= 3
Prime Number
 72
2 36

2 18

2 9
Composite
3 3
 1 x 89 =
89 89 x1 =
Prime Number
Composite
 1x6= Thinking of a number that can
multiply to 6
2x3= is there any number that can
multiply aside from 1 and 6?
3x2= if 6 has many factor then 6 is not
a prime number
6x1=
Composite
 List of
Prime and
Composite
Number
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