American Corrections 10th Edition Clear

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CHAPTER 10
Incarceration

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Long term inmates are recognized as those who suffer from:
a. physical stress
b. emotional stress
c. medical problems
d. disciplinary actions

ANS: B REF: 264 OBJ: 4, 5

2. 93 percent of the adult prison population is:

a. African American.
b. Latino.
c. Male.
d. White.

ANS: C REF: 247 OBJ: 5

3. America’s oldest prison was built in 1798. This prison was located in what city in New Jersey:
a. Dalton
b. Trenton
c. Wilmington
d. Wilbur

ANS: B REF: 253 OBJ: 1

4. The prison design most often used for female and juvenile inmates is:
a. Radial design

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b. telephone pole design

c. campus style
d. courtyard style

ANS: C REF: 254 OBJ: 3

5. The __________ model was dominant in the 1960s and early 1970s.
a. retribution
b. incapacitation
c. rehabilitation
d. reintegration

ANS: C REF: 247 OBJ: 2

6. In the wake of the Civil Rights Movement, prisoners demanded their constitutional rights as:
a. inmates.
b. citizens.
c. human beings.
d. people.

ANS: B REF: 248 OBJ: 1, 2, 4

7. At present, the focus of corrections has shifted to:

a. crime control.
b. rehabilitation.
c. treatment.
d. restitution.

ANS: A REF: 248 OBJ: 2

8. Most prisons employ a __________ model.

a. rehabilitative
b. reintegration
c. retributive
d. custodial

ANS: D REF: 248 OBJ: 2, 3

9. Some Prisons are operated under the direction of:

a. the federal government.
b. sheriff’s
c. police departments.
d. local government

ANS: A REF: 246 OBJ: 3

10. The Federal Bureau of Prisons was created within:

a. the Department of the Interior.
b. the Department of Justice.
c. the National Institute of Justice.

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d. the Department of Homeland Security.

ANS: B REF: 249 OBJ: 3

11. As state’s deal with severe budgetary problems the future of private prisons is:
a. secure.
b. positive.
c. assured.
d. uncertain.

ANS: D REF: 262 OBJ: 2, 3

12. Today’s prison construction is greatly influenced by:

a. drug use.
b. scare tactics.
c. cost.
d. politics.

ANS: C REF: 253 OBJ: 2

13. The cost of maintaining a(n) __________ inmate is much higher than costs associated with other
incarcerated populations.
a. elderly
b. younger
c. female
d. male

ANS: A REF: 260 OBJ: 5

14. The rate of confirmed AIDS cases in state and federal prisons is __________ in the total U.S.
population.
a. three times lower than
b. the same as
c. 2.5 times higher
d. on a par with

ANS: C REF: 261 OBJ: 4, 5

15. Rates of HIV infection are higher in __________ prisoners.

a. female
b. male
c. juvenile
d. homosexual

ANS: A REF: 261 OBJ: 5, 4

16. Mass closings of public hospitals for the mentally ill began in the:
a. 1950s.
b. 1960s.
c. 1970s.
d. 1980s.

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ANS: B REF: 248 OBJ: 1

17. According to sociologists, the “big house” image of the American prison has:
a. ceased to show a limited understanding of the contemporary prison.
b. provided us with a deeper understanding of the modern prison.
c. spawned a great deal of humanitarian reform in the eyes of the public.
d. created interest in the operations of the modern prison among the general public.

ANS: A REF: 247 OBJ: 1, 2

18. Until recently _______on the question of private prison cost-effectiveness has been lacking.
a. research
b. misunderstandings
c. conflicts
d. disagreements

ANS: A REF: 258 OBJ: 1, 2

19. A majority of all state prisoners throughout the country are housed in __________ prisons.
a. maximum security
b. medium security
c. minimum security
d. super max

ANS: B REF: 255 OBJ: 3, 5

20. With the correctional focus shifting to crime control, some believe that offenders have had it too
soft, resulting in:
a. the institution of strict regimes in prisons.
b. the removal of educational and recreational amenities from prisons.
c. an increase in the number of people in prison.
d. all of these.

ANS: D REF: 248 OBJ: 2

21. Historically, the __________ has been an innovator in the field of corrections.
a. State of Texas Department of Corrections
b. State of Illinois Department of Corrections
c. Federal Bureau of Investigation
d. Federal Bureau of Prisons

ANS: D REF: 249 OBJ: 1

22. Responsibility of housing federal pretrial detainees belongs to:

a. the FBI.
b. the Secret Service.
c. the Marshal’s Service.
d. none of these.

ANS: C REF: 251 OBJ: 3

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23. According to the author, the general rule of architecture, including prisons, is that form follows:
a. freedom.
b. function.
c. style.
d. all of these.

ANS: B REF: 252 OBJ: 2

24. Prisons designed to hold the “toughest of the tough” are called:
a. maximum security prisons.
b. solitary confinement.
c. custodial confinement.
d. super-max prisons.

ANS: D REF: 255 OBJ: 2, 3

25. Private enterprise has __________ played a role in American corrections.
a. never
b. always
c. sometimes
d. only recently

ANS: B REF: 256 OBJ: 1

TRUE/FALSE
1. The 1960’s and 70’s reflected the dominance of the rehabilitative model toward inmates.

ANS: T REF: 247 OBJ: 1

2. The civil rights movement had no affect on prisoners.

ANS: F REF: 248 OBJ: 1

3. The amount of prisoners currently incarcerated has declined over the past decade.

ANS: F REF: 245 OBJ: 5

4. Many states have removed educational and recreations amenities from their institutions.

ANS: T REF: 248 OBJ: 2, 3

5. The reintegration model is linked to the structures and goals of community corrections.

ANS: T REF: 248 OBJ: 2

6. According to the author, mental illness is prevalent in prison.

ANS: T REF: 263 OBJ: 4, 5

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7. The American Correctional Association determines all prison classification in this country.

ANS: F REF: 262 OBJ: 4

8. Eastern State Penitentiary followed the concept of a radial design to house inmates.

ANS: T REF: 253 OBJ: 1

9. Section 1983 allows inmates to sue public officials for constitutional violations.

ANS:T REF: 258 OBJ: 1,3

10. All state prisons test new inmates for HIV.

ANS: F REF: 261 OBJ: 4

COMPLETION
1. A prison designed and organized to permit inmates and visitors as much freedom as is consistent
with the concept of incarceration is a _____________ prison.

ANS: minimum-security
REF: 256 OBJ: 4

2. Administrators believe that elderly inmates should remain in general prison population however
receive _______________accommodations.

ANS: special
REF: 260 OBJ: 5

3. A ___________ prison is designed and organized to minimize the possibility of escapes and
violence, thereby imposing strict limitations on the freedom of both inmates and visitors.

ANS: maximum-security
REF: 256 OBJ: 4

4. _______________ activity among men is one way HIV is transmitted in prison populations.

ANS: Homosexual
REF: 262 OBJ: 5

5. A _____________ prison is designed to prevent escapes and violence but in a less rigid
atmosphere.

ANS: medium-security
REF: 256 OBJ: 4

6. _____________ appoints the Bureau of Prisons director.

ANS: The president

REF: 249 OBJ: 3

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7. During the rehabilitation model many prisons were converted into ____________institutions.

ANS: correctional
REF: 247 OBJ: 2

8. According to the author, the incarceration rate of the _________________ill is considerably

higher than that of the general population.

ANS: mentally
REF: 262 OBJ: 5

9. The design of a structure should serve the structure’s ____________.

ANS: purpose
REF: 252 OBJ: 3

10. The _________________ was created by Congress in 1930 and given the responsibility for
“safekeeping, care, protection, instruction, and discipline” of persons charge or convicted of
offenses against the United States.

ANS: Federal Bureau of Prisons

REF: 249 OBJ: 1

MATCHING
Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a. inmates and visitors have a great deal of f. Often used for juveniles and women
freedom
b. Newer with functional units located in the g. emphasizes family and community ties as
entry a method of reform
c. Central corridor for prisoner movement h. strict limitations on freedom of
inmates/visitors
d. treatment programs designed to reform i. A control center from which to monitor
offender movement
e. restrictions on inmates/visitors are less j. Emphasizes security, discipline, and order
strict than maximum security

1. Maximum security
2. Medium security
3. Custodial model
4. Minimum security
5. Radial design
6. Telephone-Pole design
7. Courtyard style
8. Campus style
9. Rehabilitation model
10. Reintegration model

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1. ANS: H REF: 255

2. ANS: E REF: 256
3. ANS: J REF: 248
4. ANS: A REF: 256
5. ANS: I REF: 253
6. ANS: C REF: 253
7. ANS: B REF: 254
8. ANS: F REF: 254
9. ANS: D REF: 248
10. ANS: G REF: 248

ESSAY
1. Compare and contrast the differences between the rehabilitation model and the reintegration
model. Based on your knowledge from the author, do you believe either is effective? If so, why
and if not why not?

ANS: Answers will vary OBJ: 2

2. Compare the differences between the government run prisons and private prisons. Discuss your
perception of their overall effectiveness towards the inmates and the effects of employees at these
facilities. Does one assist the offender more than the other? If so, how?

ANS: Answers will vary OBJ: 1

3. How has the prison population changed over the last 30 years? Describe the differences and how
or why they came about. How do these demographic changes affect corrections (think about
budgets, management, correctional work, and the prison environment)?

ANS: Answers will vary OBJ: 5

4. What is meant by the architectural concept ‘form follows function’? How does this express itself
in corrections? Describe at least 3 types of prison architecture and discuss issues associated with
each model.

ANS: Answers will vary OBJ: 3

5. Discuss the handling of inmates from the past to the present. Put yourself in the place of a warden
and determine how you would run your prison. Discuss this in detail while remembering to
safeguard all employees as well as prisoners. 4 excellent question and discussion point. This is
truly a critical thinking question to be considered.

ANS: Answers will vary OBJ: 1

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