Chapter 5: Database Design 1: Normalization

Concepts of Database Management 8th Edition

Full download at:
Solution Manual:
https://testbankpack.com/p/solution-manual-for-concepts-of-database-management-
8th-edition-by-pratt-last-isbn-1285427106-9781285427102/
Test bank:
https://testbankpack.com/p/test-bank-for-concepts-of-database-management-8th-
edition-by-pratt-last-isbn-1285427106-9781285427102/
True / False

1. A table that is in first normal form is better than one that is in second normal form.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 149

2. To correct update anomalies in a database, tables must be converted into various types of normal forms.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 149

3. If B is functionally dependent on A, you can also say that B functionally determines A.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 151

4. Functional dependencies can be determined by looking at sample data.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 152

5. Removal of repeating groups is the starting point in the quest to create tables that are as free of problems as
possible.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1
Chapter 5: Database Design 1: Normalization

REFERENCES: 155

6. In general, when converting a non-first normal form table to first normal form, the primary key will usually
include the original primary key concatenated with the key to the repeating group.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 156

7. A table that is in first normal form may contain problems that will require you to restructure it.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 156

8. If the primary key of a table contains only a single column, the table is automatically in first normal form.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 158

9. In a dependency diagram, the arrows below the boxes indicate the normal dependencies.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 158

10. Tables that are in second normal form do not contain problems.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 160

11. The most recent definition of third normal form is referred to as the Boyce-Codd normal form.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 161

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 2

Chapter 5: Database Design 1: Normalization

12. The primary key in a table will be a determinant.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 161

13. Converting to third normal form always avoids the problems related to dependencies.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 167

14. The normalization process used to convert a relation or collection of relations to an equivalent collection of third
normal form tables is a crucial part of the database design process.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 171

15. By splitting relations to achieve third normal form tables, you create the need to express interrelation
constraints.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 172

Multiple Choice

16. Potential problems in the design of a relational database are known as ____.
a. update anomalies
b. select anomalies
c. modification anomalies
d. relational anomalies
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 149

17. The fact that column B is functionally dependent on column A can be written as ____.
a. A ® B
b. B ® A
c. A ® ® B

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 3

Chapter 5: Database Design 1: Normalization

d. B ® ® A
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 151

18. If B (an attribute) is functionally dependent on A, we can also say that ____.
a. A functionally determines B
b. A functionally determines another attribute in the table
c. B functionally determines A
d. B does not determine any other attribute
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 151

19. The ____ is a column (or collection of columns) A such that all other columns are functionally dependent on A and no
subcollection of the columns in A has this property.
a. functional key
b. composite key
c. primary key
d. declared key
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 153

20. The definition for ____ also defines a candidate key.

a. functional key
b. repeating group
c. primary key
d. nonkey column
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 155

21. A(n) ____ is a column or collection of columns on which all columns in the table are functionally dependent.
a. index key
b. candidate key
c. major key
d. special key
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 155

22. An alternate key is a ____.

a. foreign key
b. primary key
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 4
Chapter 5: Database Design 1: Normalization

c. column that could be a primary key but was not chosen

d. row that could be a primary key but was not chosen
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 155

23. A table is in first normal form if it does not contain ____.

a. repeating groups
b. a foreign key
c. a primary key
d. alternate keys
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 155

24. A table that contains a repeating group is called a(n) ____.

a. normalized relation
b. unnormalized relation
c. nominal relation
d. non-nominal relation
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 155

25. If there is more than one possible choice for the primary key, and one of the possibilities is chosen to be the primary
key, the others are referred to as ____.
a. canceled keys
b. alternate keys
c. nonkey attributes
d. contributory keys
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 155

26. From all the ____ keys, one is chosen to be the primary key.
a. alternate
b. candidate
c. functional
d. normal
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 155

27. Which of the followingcontains a repeating group?

a. Orders (OrderNum, OrderDate, (ItemNum, NumOrdered) )
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 5
Chapter 5: Database Design 1: Normalization

b. Orders (OrderNum, OrderDate, ItemNum, NumOrdered )

c. Orders (OrderNum, OrderDate)
d. Orders (OrderNum, ItemNum, NumOrdered )
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 155-156

28. A column is a nonkey column if it is ____.

a. in first normal form
b. in second normal form
c. a part of the primary key
d. not a part of the primary key
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 157

29. Another name for a nonkey column is a ____.

a. nonkey attribute
b. key attribute
c. nonkey row
d. key table
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 157

30. Second normal form can be defined as a table that is in first normal form but that contains no ____.
a. partial dependencies
b. alternate keys
c. nonkey columns
d. interrelation constraints
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 158

31. Partial dependencies are dependencies on only a portion of the ____.

a. nonkey column
b. first column or attribute
c. primary key
d. index
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 158

32. ____ normal form has an additional condition that the only determinants the table contains are candidate keys.
a. First
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 6
Chapter 5: Database Design 1: Normalization

b. Second
c. Third
d. Fourth
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 161

33. A table is in fourth normal form when it is in third normal form and there are no ____.
a. alternate keys
b. foreign keys
c. multivalued dependencies
d. primary dependencies
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 169

34. To convert a table to fourth normal form, split the third normal form table into separate tables, each containing the
column that ____ the others.
a. determines
b. multidetermines
c. defines
d. identifies
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 169

35. The conversion of an unnormalized table to first normal form requires the removal of ____.
a. determinants
b. interrelation constraints
c. nonkey columns
d. repeating groups
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 171

Completion

36. The ____________________ process enables you to identify the existence of potential problems in the design of a
database.
ANSWER: normalization
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 149

37. A column B is ____________________ on another column A if each value for A in the database is
associated with exactly one value of B.

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 7

Chapter 5: Database Design 1: Normalization

ANSWER: functionally dependent

POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 151

38. Second normal form represents an improvement over ____________________ normal form.
ANSWER: first
1st
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 157

39. A column is a nonkey column if it is not a part of the ____________________.

ANSWER: primary key
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 157

40. A(n) ____________________ uses arrows to indicate all the functional dependencies present in the table.
ANSWER: dependency diagram
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 158

41. Any column or collection of columns that determines another column is called a(n)
ANSWER: determinant
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 161

42. By converting a given collection of tables to an equivalent third normal form collection of tables, you remove any
problems arising from ____________________ dependencies.
ANSWER: functional
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 167

43. In a table with columns A, B, and C, there is a(n) ____________________ dependence of column B on
column A if each value for A is associated with a specific collection of values for B and, further, this collection
is independent of any values for C.
ANSWER: multivalued
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 169

44. A→→ B signifies that B is ____________________ on A.

ANSWER: multidependent
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 169

45. A(n) ____________________ is a condition that involves two or more relations.

ANSWER: interrelation constraint
POINTS: 1
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 8
Chapter 5: Database Design 1: Normalization

REFERENCES: 172

Essay

46. Explain what normalization is, including the goal of normalization.

ANSWER: Normalization is a progression in which a table that is in first normal form is better (freer from
problems) than a table that is not in first normal form, a table that is in second normal form is
better than one that is in first normal form, and so on. The goal of normalization is to take a
table or collection of tables and produce a new collection of tables that represents the same
information but that is free of update anomalies.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 149

47. Discuss what normal forms are and list the most common normal forms.
ANSWER: To correct update anomalies in a database, you must convert tables to various types of normal
forms. A table in a particular normal form possesses a certain desirable collection of properties.
The most common normal forms are first normal form (1NF), second normal form (2NF), third
normal form (3NF), and fourth normal form (4NF).
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 149

48. Discuss how candidate keys, primary key, and alternate keys are related.
ANSWER: Like a primary key, a candidate key is a column or a collection of columns on which all
columns in the table are functionally dependent; the definition for primary key also defines a
candidate key. From all the candidate keys, one is chosen to be the primary key. The candidate
keys that are not chosen as the primary key are often referred to as alternate keys.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 155

49. What is the difference between a table in first normal form and one in second normal form?
ANSWER: A table is in first normal form if it does not contain repeating groups. A table is in second
normal form if it is in first normal form and no nonkey column is dependent on only a portion of
the primary key.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 155
157

50. Describe the procedure for converting a table to the third normal form.
ANSWER: First, for each determinant that is not a candidate key, remove from the table the columns that
depend on this determinant (but don’t remove the determinant). Next, create a new table
containing all the columns from the original table that depend on this determinant. Finally,
make the determinant the primary key of this new table.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 161

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 9