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Reading
Exercise 1
Các đặc điểm của 4 dạng câu hỏi trong IELTS Reading dưới đây là đúng (TRUE) hay sai
(FALSE)?
Với dạng câu hỏi điền từ, các từ cần điền sẽ lấy chính A. TRUE
xác từ bài đọc B. FALSE

Trình tự xử lý dạng câu hỏi điền từ như sau: A. TRUE

B. FALSE
Dự đoán nội dung thông tin bị khuyết > Đọc và tìm từ
khóa trong câu hỏi > Đọc lướt bài đọc để xác định nội
dung chính từng đoạn > Đọc yêu cầu về số lượng từ của
đáp án > Đọc kĩ bài đọc và tìm câu trả lời

Dạng câu hỏi True/False/Not given yêu cầu xác định các A. TRUE
phát biểu được đưa ra có phù hợp với quan điểm B. FALSE
(Opinions) của tác giả trong bài đọc hay không

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Dạng câu hỏi Matching information yêu cầu ghép các dữ
kiện với đoạn văn chứa dữ kiện đó

Dạng câu hỏi Matching features yêu cầu ghép từng đoạn
văn với đề mục miêu tả chính xác nhất nội dung tổng
A. TRUE
B. FALSE

A. TRUE
B. FALSE
quát của đoạn văn đó.

Exercise 2

AUSTRALIAN CULTURE AND CULTURE SHOCK

 

Paragraph A . Sometimes work, study or a sense of adventure take us out of our familiar
surroundings to go and live in a differen t culture. The experience can be difficult, even
shocking. Almost everyone who studies, lives or works abroad has problems adjusting to a
new culture. This response is commonly referred to as 'culture shock'. Culture shock can be
defined as 'the physical and emotional discomfort a person experiences when entering a
culture different from their own' (Weaver, 1993).

Paragraph B. For people moving to Australia, Price (2001) has identified certain values which
may give rise to culture shock. Firstly, he argues that Australians place a high value on
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independence and personal choice. This means that a teacher or course tutor will not tell
students what to do, but will give them a number of options and suggest they work out which
one is the best in their circumstances. It also means that they are expected to take action if
something goes wrong and seek out resources and support for themselves.

Paragraph C. Price also comments that Australians are uncomfortable with differences in
status and hence idealise the idea of treating everyone equally. An illustration of this is that
most adult Australians call each other by their first names. This concern with equality means
that Australians are uncomfortable taking anything too seriously and are even ready to joke
about themselves.

Paragraph D. Australians believe that life should have a balance between work and leisure time.
As a consequence, some students may be critical of others who they perceive as doing nothing
but studying.

Paragraph E. Australian notions of privacy mean that areas such as financial matters,
appearance and relationships are only discussed with close friends. While people may
volunteer such information, they may resent someone actually asking them unless the
friendship is firmly established. Even then, it is considered very impolite to ask someone what
they earn. With older people, it is also rude to ask how old they are, why they are not married or
why they do not have children. It is also impolite to ask people how much they have paid for

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something, unless there is a very good reason for asking.

Paragraph F. Kohls (1996) describes culture shock as a process of change marked by four
basic stages. During the first stage, the new arrival is excited to be in a new place, so this is
often referred to as the "honeymoon" stage. Like a tourist, they are intrigued by all the new
sights and sounds, new smells and tastes of their surroundings. They may have some
problems, but usually they accept them as just part of the novelty. At this point, it is the
similarities that stand out, and it seems to the newcomer that people everywhere and their way
of life are very much alike. This period of euphoria may last from a couple of weeks to a month,
but the letdown is inevitable.

Paragraph G. During the second stage, known as the 'rejection' stage, the newcomer starts to
experience difficulties due to the differences between the new culture and the way they were
accustomed to living. The initial enthusiasm turns into irritation, frustration, anger and
depression, and these feelings may have the effect of people rejecting the new culture so that
they notice only the things that cause them trouble, which they then complain about. In
addition, they may feel homesick, bored, withdrawn and irritable during this period as well.

Paragraph H. Fortunately, most people gradually learn to adapt to the new culture and move on
to the third stage, known as 'adjustment and reorientation'. During this stage a transition occurs
to a new optimistic attitude. As the newcomer begins to understand more of the new culture,
they are able to interpret some of the subtle cultural clues which passed by unnoticed earlier.
Now things make more sense and the culture seems more familiar. As a result, they begin to
develop problem- solving skills, and feelings of disorientation and anxiety no longer affect
them.

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Paragraph I. In Kohls's model, in the fourth stage, newcomers undergo a process of adaptation.
They have settled into the new culture, and this results in a feeling of direction and self-
confidence. They have accepted the new food, drinks, habits and customs and may even find
themselves enjoying some of the very customs that bothered them so much previously. In
addition, they realise that the new culture has good and bad things to offer and that no way is
really better than another, just different.

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Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage?
Write

TRUE            if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE           if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN    if there is no information on this

Australian teachers will suggest alternatives to students A. True

rather than offer one solution. B. False
C. Not Given

In Australia, teachers will show interest in students’ A. True

personal circumstances. B. False
C. Not Given

Australians use people’s first names so that everyone A. True

feels their status is similar. B. False
C. Not Given

Students who study all the time may receive positive A. True
comments from their colleagues. B. False
C. Not Given

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It is acceptable to discuss financial issues with people A. True

you do not know well. B. False
C. Not Given

Younger Australians tend to be friendlier than older A. True

Australians. B. False
C. Not Given

Complete the table below. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each
answer.
THE STAGES OF CULTURE SHOCK
  Name Newcomers' reaction to problems

Stage (12) ... They notice the (13) ... between different nationalities and
1 cultures.

They may experience this stage for up to (14) ...

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Stage Rejection They reject the new culture and lose the (15) … they had at the
2 beginning.

Stage Adjustment They can understand some (16) … which they had not previously
3 observed.
and
reorientation They learn (17) … for dealing with difficulties. 

Stage (18) …  They enjoy some of the customs that annoyed them before.
4

Ô trống 12: ___________

Ô trống 13: ___________
Ô trống 14: ___________
Ô trống 15: ___________
Ô trống 16: ___________
Ô trống 17: ___________
Ô trống 18: ___________

Exercise 3

THE TRUTH ABOUT LYING

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Over the years Richard Wiseman has tried to unravel the truth
about deception - investigating the signs that give away a liar.
Paragraph A. In the 1970s, as part of a large-scale research programme exploring the area of
Interspecies communication, Dr Francine Patterson from Stanford University attempted to
teach two lowland gorillas called Michael and Koko a simplified version of Sign Language.
According to Patterson, the great apes were capable of holding meaningful conversations, and
could even reflect upon profound topics, such as love and death. During the project, their
trainers believe they found cases where the two gorillas' linguistic skills provided evidence of
lying. In one example, Koko broke a toy cat, and then signed to indicate that the breakage had
been caused by one of her trainers.

In another episode, Michael ripped a jacket belonging to a trainer and, when asked who was
responsible for the incident, signed ‘Koko’. When the trainer expressed some scepticism,
Michael appeared to change his mind, and indicated that Dr Patterson was actually
responsible, before finally confessing.

Paragraph B. Other researchers have explored the development of deception in children. Some
of the most interesting experiments have involved asking youngsters not to take a peek at their
favourite toys. During these studies, a child is led into a laboratory and asked to face one of the

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walls. The experimenter then explains that he is going to set up an elaborate toy a few feet
behind them. After setting up the toy, the experimenter says that he has to leave the laboratory,
and asks the child not to turn around and peek at the toy. The child is secretly filmed by hidden
cameras for a few minutes, and then the experimenter returns and asks them whether they
peeked. Almost all three-year do, and then half of them lie about it to the experimenter. By the
time the children have reached the age of five, all of them peek and all of them lie. The results
provide evidence that lying starts to emerge the moment we learn to speak.

Paragraph C. So what are the tell- tale signs that give away a lie? In 1994, the psychologist
Richard Wiseman devised a large- scale experiment on a TV programme called Tomorrow's
World. As part of the experiment, viewers watched two interviews in which Wiseman asked a
presenter in front of the cameras to describe his favourite film. In one interview, the presenter
picked Some Like It Hot and he told the truth; in the other interview, he picked Gone with the
Wind and lied. The viewers were then invited to make a choice - to telephone in to say which
film he was lying about. More than 30,000 calls were received, but viewers were unable to tell
the difference and the vote was a 50/50 split. In similar experiments, the results have been
remarkably consistent - when it comes to lie detection, people might as well simply toss a coin.
It doesn’t matter if you are male or female, young or old; very few people are able to detect
deception.

Paragraph D. Why is this? Professor Charles Bond from the Texas Christian University has
conducted surveys into the sorts of behaviour people associate with lying. He has interviewed
thousands of people from more than 60 countries, asking them to describe how they set about
telling whether someone is lying. People’s answers are remarkably consistent. Almost
everyone thinks liars tend to avert their gaze, nervously wave their hands around and shift
about in their seats. There is, however, one small problem. Researchers have spent hour upon
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hour carefully comparing films of liars and truth- tellers. The results are clear. Liars do not
necessarily look away from you; they do not appear nervous and move their hands around or
shift about in their seats. People fail to spot lies because they are basing their opinions on
behaviours that are not actually associated with deception.

Paragraph E. So what are we missing? It is obvious that the more information you give away,
the greater the chances of some of it coming back to haunt you. As a result, liars tend to say
less and provide fewer details than truth- tellers. Looking back at the transcripts of the
interviews with the presenter, his lie about Gone with the Wind contained about 40 words,
whereas the truth about Some Like It Hot was nearly twice as long. People who lie also try
psychologically to keep a distance from their falsehoods, and so tend to include fewer
references to themselves in their stories. In his entire interview about Gone with the Wind, the
presenter only once mentioned how the film made him feel, compared with the several
references to his feelings when he talked about Some Like It Hot.

Paragraph F. The simple fact is that the real clues to deceit are in the words that people use,
not the body language. So do people become better lie detectors when they listen to a liar, or
even just read a transcript of their comments? The interviews with the presenter were also
broadcast on radio and published in a newspaper, and although the lie-detecting abilities of the
television viewers were no better than chance, the newspaper readers were correct 64% of the
time, and the radio listeners scored an impressive 73% accuracy rate.

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The reading passage has six paragraphs, A-F. Choose the correct heading for each paragraph
from the list of headings below.
Ví dụ: Paragraph D - (iii) Revealing some false beliefs

Paragraph A (i) Some of the things liars really do

Paragraph B (ii) When do we begin to lie?
Paragraph C (iii) Revealing some false beliefs

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Paragraph E (iv) Which form of communication best

reveals a lie?
Paragraph F (v) Do only humans lie?
Look at the following statements and the list of experiments below. Match each statement
with the correct experiment, A-C.
You may use any letter more than once.

List of Experiments

. Someone who was innocent was blamed for A. the gorilla experiment
something
Those involved knew they were being filmed B. the experiment with children
Some objects were damaged C. the TV experiment
Some instructions were ignored. undefined

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