Chapter 4.

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Classifying Plants
(Page 60 & 61)

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All living
organisms are
classified in
to groups.

2
 Carl Linnaeus
was one of the
first people to
classify living
organisms in to
groups.
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Classification of
living organisms

4
5
Least number of organisms

Highest
number of
organisms
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 The largest groups of organisms are called Kingdoms.

 Living organisms are classified in to five (05) kingdoms.

1. Kingdom Monera – Ex. Bacteria, Blue-green algae

2. Kingdom Protista – Ex. Amoeba, Euglena
3. Kingdom Fungi - Ex. Yeast, Toad stools
4. Kingdom Plants - Ex. Mango, Coconut, Grass
5. Kingdom Animals - Ex. Man, Elephant, Ant, Fish 7
 All plants belong to Plant Kingdom ( is also
called Kingdom Plantae).

 All animals belong to Animal Kingdom (is also

called Kingdom Animalia).

 The plant kingdom contains millions of different

species of plants.
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 Plants are classified in to four major groups such as,
1. Mosses
2. Ferns
3. Conifers
4. Flowering Plants

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1 1. MOSSES

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 Mosses are very small plants.

 Most of mosses live in damp places.

 They do not produce flowers or seeds in them.

 Instead, they produce spores for reproduction.

 Mosses have thin leaves that dry out easily. 11

2. FERNS

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 Ferns grow in shady places. They are much bigger than
mosses.

 Some of them grow big are called tree ferns.

 Ferns have leaves called fronds.

 They do not produce flowers or seeds in them.

 Instead, they produce spores for reproduction. Their spores 13

3. CONIFERS

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 Most conifers grow in to large trees.

 They often have tough, narrow leaves called needles.

 They do not have proper flowers.

 Conifers reproduce using seeds.

 Their seeds are produced inside cones.

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4. Flowering Plants

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 Flowering plants are the largest and most diverse
group within the kingdom Plantae.

 They are also known as Angiosperms.

 They bear flowers in which seeds are produced.

 They reproduce using seeds that are inside fruits.

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 Answers for questions on page 60 & 61.

Q1

Cells of plants have cell walls, large vacuoles and

sometimes chloroplasts.
But, animal cells have none of these.

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Q2.

1. Mosses: Small; no flowers; spores for reproduction (in little

capsules); thin leaves.

2. Ferns: Have fronds; no flowers; spores for reproduction (on

back of leaves).

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