Lesson Plan

Students Name: Kavaghn Baltazar

Student ID #: 2016114736

Program: Bachelor in Business Education (BBUE)

District: Toledo

School: Toledo Community College High School

Class Level/ Form: 3th Form

Supervisor’s Name: Mrs. Joan Palma

Subject: Principle of Business

Date: May 8th, 2023

Date: Monday, May 15th, 2023

Subject: Legal Aspects of a Business

Topic (s): Character

Sub-topic: Factors of production

Time: 12:30 – 1:00

Duration: 35 Minutes

Materials:

1. Pen/pencil 5. PowerPoint
2. Whiteboard marker 6. Laptop
3. Name sticks 7. Projector
4. Notebook 8. Flipchart

References:

Abiraj, BMC.,&Wilson, S., (2011) Principles of Business for CSEC examination Sixth Edition
(Pg: 226-227)

Dransfield. R (2011) Principles of Business for the new syllabus Second Edition. Pg. 108–109

Daniel.B (2022, June 24). Contracts. YouTube. Retrieved May 6, 2023, from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qtSPX7pk21Y

Previous Knowledge: Students are able to explain what contract is.

Learning outcome and Content Standard: Legal Aspect of a Business: Identify the
characteristics of a contract; (Section 4 pg. 110. Spec. Obj. 3, CXC 08/G/SYLL 17)

Objectives: Through class discussion on characteristic of a contract using power point, students
will be able to:
Identify three (3) out of the four (4) characteristics of a contract.

Explain 3 out of the four (4) characteristics with 80% accuracy.

Develop awareness of the four (4) characteristic of a contract.

Create a basic contract including all the characteristics of a contract.

Concepts:
Describe the characteristics of a simple contract
In order for a simple contract to be enforceable in the court of law, it must satisfy the following

requirements/elements:

• Offer and acceptance

• Competence of the parties (capacity)

• Intention to create legal relations

• Consideration.

We will discuss each of these in more detail below.

Offer and acceptance

Simple contracts consist of two main elements: an offer, and acceptance of that offer. One party

(the offeror) makes an offer, which is then agreed to (accepted) by the other party (the offeree).

This creates a binding contract. For example, a celebrity chef agrees to provide the food at a

wedding for a given price. This agreement is set down on paper, itemising the services to be

provided, the breakdown of costs, and the total price to be charged. In this example, the person

requesting the food to be supplied is the offeror (offering to pay a certain sum), and the offeree is

the chef who will supply the wedding meal. For an offer to be valid, it must be communicated in

an acceptable way, such as by post, telephone or facsimile. It must also be clear that it is an offer,

and not just an invitation to perform a duty or to purchase something etc. The offeree can then

counter-offer, i.e. provide a new or revised offer to the offeror. If this counter-offer is accepted, it

voids the original offer. For an offer to be accepted, it must be in the manner stated by the

offeror, and communicated in the time specified.

Competence of the parties

For a contract to be enforceable in law and therefore valid, it is essential that both parties are

competent to enter into a legal agreement. This means that they must have reached the age of

majority (i.e. they are adults), and they must also be of sound mind. This is to avoid exploitation

of young people or those whose judgment may be badly affected by alcohol or other drugs, or by

mental illness. There needs to be some demonstration that both parties understand and agree to

the essential nature of the contract. Otherwise, the contract will be void. One example is that

minors cannot enter into a cellphone contract. A minor can use a cellphone, but the contract

would need to be between a responsible adult and the cellphone company. The responsible adult

would then be responsible for all charges levied by the phone company for this phone.

Regardless of age, if any of the people involved in the contract are under duress, this means that

they are not competent to enter a contract.

Consideration

The other essential ingredient of a simple contract is consideration. Consideration is the

exchange of one thing of value (such as a product or service) for another thing of value (such as

payment). Executed consideration means the exchange must happen immediately after the

contract becomes valid. In contrast, an executory consideration means exchange can happen at a

date in the future. In a bilateral agreement (a situation where both parties exchange promises

with each other), each promise is considered as sufficient consideration for the other. For

example, Jones agrees to paint Patel’s house in exchange for Patel agreeing to do Jones’s

plumbing. The painting and plumbing are the consideration in the form of performance of work.

In contrast, in a unilateral agreement, one party makes a promise in exchange for the other’s

performance. The performance is consideration for the promise, while the promise is
consideration for the performance. For example, Patel agrees to do Jones’s plumbing for a set

fee. The performance is the plumbing work and the promise is the agreement to pay.

There are certain rules governing consideration, for example past consideration is not usually

valid in contract law. Consideration should be able to be exchanged at the time or after the

contract becomes valid, not prior to it. Also, consideration must be sufficient but does not need

to be adequate. This means that the value of the consideration does not have to equal the item,

product, task, etc. being exchanged exactly, but needs to be sufficient, and agreed by all parties.

Skills
1. Engage in a class discussion
2. Listen for information
3. Discuss characteristics of a contract
4. Outline the four characteristics of a contract

Attitudes:
1. Demonstrate awareness of the characteristics of a contract
2. Participate in class discussion
3. Respect each other’s opinion
4. Collaborate in discussing scenarios

Linkages: Social studies – & Life Skills- Decision making.

Discussion Model/Cooperative Learning Strategy

Introduction (10min):
1. Students will go over the different learning rules. Emphasize to students the importance
of participation.
2. Students will be asked to form their mixed ability groups that they were placed in.
3. Students from the mixed ability group will be selected to do their skit.
4. Student will be asked.
a.) What is a contract?
b.) What is the difference between and offeror and a offeree?
c.) What is Employment Contract?
5. Using name calling, students can be called to answer the questions.
6. Teacher will then project the topic on the board “Characteristics of a Contract”.

Exploration (20min)
 7. Power Point Presentation: Students will discuss the characteristics of contract using a
power point presentation. Teacher will guide students in the discussion of each
characteristic highlighting their respective roles. During the power point presentation.
Have students read aloud each characteristics and its brief description.
8. Social Studies Linkage: Explain to students that similarly in social studies when it
comes to importing and exporting, that these are factors that is used to help an economy
grow financially, depending on the level of production.
9. Accounting Linkage: Explain to students that its similar to accounting when doing the
balance sheet, that the formula for capital is Assets subtract Liability but when it comes
to the early production process people focus mainly on the asset, both current and fixed
assets.
10. Using the products that the students selected, the students will discuss in groups the
process of production. As the discussion is ongoing, the teacher will question students on
the importance of factors of production.
11. Think Pair Share- Students will think, then pair to discuss and share their understanding
of the class activity with their working partners. Students will participate in briefly
expanding on one of the production process.
12. Students will discuss their findings with the class based on the production process that
their product goes through.
13. Using questioning techniques, students will review the lesson. Students will be ask if they
have any questions.
14. Closure (10min): Using questioning techniques, students will review the lesson.
Students will be ask if they have any questions.
Conclusion: Conclusion: (10 Minutes) - Students will create a
Differentiated Activity: Differentiated students will be assigned with specific questions based
on the level they are currently at.
Extended Activity: Students will conduct research, on different products that Belize produce
and stated how the products helps to contribute to our economy.

Lesson Reflection / Evaluation: