Or󰈇a󰈞󰈎s󰇽󰉃i󰈡󰈞 󰈢f

t󰈊e 󰈡󰈹g󰇽󰈝i󰈼m󰈻
 Cel󰈗
● Cells are the small building blocks that make up
all the living organisms.
 Ani󰈚󰈀󰈘 c󰇵󰈗󰈘s 󰉏󰈼. Pla󰈝󰉄 c󰈩󰈗󰈘

Ani󰈚󰈀󰈘 C󰇵l󰈗 Pla󰈝󰉄 󰉑󰈩l󰈗

Ani󰈚󰈀󰈘 C󰇵l󰈗

Nucleus
Cell membrane
Control the
cell activities Control movement
of substances in and
out of cells

Cytoplasm
Site for chemical
reactions
 Pla󰈝󰉄 󰉑󰈩l󰈗 Maintain the shape of the cell wall

Stores ions and sugar

Control cell activities for the plant cells

Control movement
of substances in handout of the cells
Site for photosynthesis

Site for chemical reactions

Com󰈥󰈀󰈹󰈏so󰈝
Ani󰈚󰈀󰈘 Pla󰈝󰉄s

Chloroplast
Nucleus

Cell membrane Cell wall

Cytoplasm
Vacuole
Mor󰈩 O󰈸󰈈󰇽ne󰈗󰈘󰈩s
Mit󰈡󰇹󰈋󰈢n󰇷󰈹i󰈀
- Site for energy production
- Can be found in both animal and plant cells
- Cells with high rates of respiration
Mor󰈩 O󰈸󰈈󰇽ne󰈗󰈘󰈩s

Rib󰈡󰈻󰈢󰈛es
- Aid in protein synthesis
Mor󰈩 O󰈸󰈈󰇽ne󰈗󰈘󰈩s

Ro󰉉g󰈊 E󰈞do󰈥󰈘󰈀s󰈚󰈏󰇸 Ret󰈎󰇹󰉊󰈘um

- Ribosomes are present on the outer surface
of the endoplasmic reticulum
Mor󰈩 O󰈸󰈈󰇽ne󰈗󰈘󰈩s

Ves󰈎󰇹󰈘󰇵s
- Small pieces of RER may be pinched
off at the ends to form small vesicles.
- Vesicles can travel through cytoplasm to release their content
Spe󰇹󰈎󰇽󰈘is󰈩󰇷 C󰇵󰈘l󰈻
Specialised cells are cells that have special characteristics that
allow them to adapt on specific function.
Red 󰉗󰈗󰈡󰈢󰇶 󰉎el󰈗󰈼
- Biconcave shape
- Have protein called haemoglobin (to carry oxygen)
- Provide large surface for efficient absorption of oxygen
Ner󰉏󰈩 󰇸󰇵l󰈗󰈼 (ne󰉉󰈸󰈢󰈞s)
- Have thin extension of the cytoplasm like wires.
- Transmits information in the form of electrical impulses.
 Cil󰈎󰇽󰉃e󰇶 c󰈩󰈗󰈘s
- Found in the air passage in the trachea, bronchi and oviducts.
- The cells have cilia on their surfaces.
- Cilia beat back and forth to create current
in the fluid next to the cells
-
Ro󰈡t 󰉀󰇽i󰈸 󰉎󰈩󰈘l󰈻
- Long extension that give them a large surface area
- Absorb water and minerals from soil
Pal󰈎󰈻󰇽󰇶e m󰈩󰈻󰈢󰈦h󰉘󰈘l 󰇹e󰈘l󰈻
- Absorb sunlight for photosynthesis
- High numbers of chloroplast in the cells
 Xy󰈗e󰈛 󰈐󰈩s󰈻󰇵󰈘s
- Transport water in plants
- Dead and hollow cells with no end cells.
- Have lignin to maintain the structure of the cells.
Lev󰈩󰈗 󰈢󰇿 or󰈇󰈀󰈞󰈏sa󰉃󰈎󰈢󰈞

Organs
cell tissue organ Organism
system

A group of organs with

Building blocks of life A group of cell with A group of tissues
related functions
similar structures, working together to
working together to
. working together to perform specific
perform body function
perform specific function
.
function
 Siz󰈩 󰈢󰇾 󰈼pe󰇹󰈎󰈛󰇵n
Image
Magnification = Actual

1mm= 1000 micrometer A M

1cm= 10 mm
1m=100cm
EN󰉍 󰈮󰉆 󰈓NI󰈜 2