PRACTICE QUESTIONS

TOPIC: CELL-THE UNIT OF LIFE

1. Cell was discovered in 1665 by –
1. Robert Brown
2. Robert Hook
3. Anton Von Leeuwenhoek
4. Matthias Schleiden

2. What was not discovered by Robert Hook?

1. Plant cell
2. Dead plant cell
3. Cell wall
4. Animal cell

3. What is incorrect w.r.t. unicellular organisms?

1. Composed of one cell
2. Independent existence
3. Perform all life processes in the cell itself
4. All are incorrect statements

4. Animalcules or bacteria were first brought to knowledge by –

1. Theodore Schwann
2. A.V. Leeuwenhoek
3. Rudolf Virchow
4. Robert Hook

5. Select the incorrect statements.

a. Anything less than a complete structure of a cell does not ensure independent
existence.
b. Cell is the fundamental unit of life
c. All organisms are composed of one cell
d. Matthias Schleiden, a British botanist proposed cell theory
1. a and b
2. b and c
3. c and d
4. a and d

6. Which of the statement/s stands incorrect based on the observations made by

Theodore Schwann –
1. Proposed cell theory solely
2. Animal cells are surrounded by thin outer layer, plasma membrane
3. Cell wall is a unique character of the plant cells
4. Bodies of plants and animals are composed of cells and products of cells
 7. Omnis cellula-e cellula means –
1. Cells arise from inorganic materials
2. Cells arise from other living material
3. Cells arise from the dead cells
4. Cells arise from the pre-existing cells

8. What stands true w.r.t. Mycoplasma?

(a) Smallest cell of 0.3µm in length

(b) Outer-most layer is cell membrane
(c) Nucleoid is membrane bound
(d) Only 70S type of free ribosomes are present in the cytoplasm

(1) a and b
(2) b and c
(3) c and d
(4) a, b, c and d

9. In human cheek cells following structures will be present.

(1) Developed nucleus and membrane bound cell organelles
(2) Outer-most layer is cellulosic in nature
(3) Semi-fluid matrix / cytoplasm is filled in the cells

(4) 80S ribosomes in the cytoplasm

10. Select the incorrect statements.

(1) Cytoplasm is the main arena of cellular activities
(2) Chemical reactions occur in the cytoplasm to keep the cells in ‘living state’
(3) Cytoplasm is a semi-fluid material
(4) Cytoplasm is not present in all living cells

11. Select the points present in the cell theory proposed by Schleiden and Schwann
(1) All living organisms are composed of cell
(2) Cells arise from the pre-existing cells
(3) Activities of an organism are the outcome of sum total of activities and interactions of
the components of cells present
(4) All the above

12. Match the following

Column I Column II
(1) A typical cell (i) 0.3 µm
(2) PPLO (ii) 0.02-0.2 µm
(3) Viruses (iii) 0.1 µm
(4) Mycoplasma (iv) 10 -20 µm
(1) 1-iv; 2-ii; 3-iii; 4-i
(2) 1-iv; 2-iii; 3-ii; 4-i

(3) 1-i; 2-iii; 3-ii; 4-iv

(4) 1-i; 2-iv; 3-ii; 4-iii

13. All of the following prokaryotes have cell wall, except

(1) Methanobacterium
(2) Cyanobacterium
(3) Mycoplasma
(4) Lactobacillus

14. Which of the following groups exhibits the most extensive metabolic activity?
(1) Bacteria
(2) Plantae
(3) Fungi

(4) Animalia

15. Who modified the cell theory and gave it a final shape?
(1) Schleiden

(2) Schwann
(3) Robert Hook
(4) Rudolf Virchow

16. Select the correct features w.r.t. centrosome.

(a) Found in animal cell

(b) Non-membrane bound
(c) Help in cell division in all cells
(d) Two centrioles are present

(1) a, b, and c
(2) a, b, and d
(3) b, c and d
(4) a, b, c and d

17. Which of the statements is not true for plasmids?

(1) It is present outside the genomic DNA
(2) It confers certain unique phenotypic characters to bacteria
(3) It can replicate

(4) It is enveloped by a nuclear membrane

18. Select the incorrect statements.

(1) Human RBCs are 17µm in diameter

(2) The largest isolated single cell is Ostrich’s egg

(3) Nerve cells are some of the longest cells
(4) Mycoplasma is the smallest living cell

19. Which of the following layers prevents the bacterium from bursting and collapsing?
(1) Slime layer
(2) Glycocalyx
(3) Capsule

(4) Cell wall

20. In some prokaryotes, like cyanobacteria there are other membranous extensions into
the cytoplasm containing pigments, known as
(1) Pili

(2) Chromoplasts
(3) Chromatophores
(4) Mesosome

21. Which of the following plastids contains fat-soluble carotenoid pigments?

(1) Aleuroplast
(2) Elaioplasts
(3) Chromoplasts

(4) Leucoplasts

22. All of the following are surface structures, except

(1) Pili
(b) Fimbriae

(c) Flagella
(4) Mesosomes

23. Match the following

Column I Column II
(a) Cytoskeleton (i) Increase surface area
(b) Cristae (ii) Are the sites of aerobic
respiration
(c) Mitochondria (iii) Forms the basal body of cilia
(d) Centriole (iv) Involved in motility
(1) a(iv); b(i); c(iii); d(ii)
(2) a(iv); b(i); c(ii); d(iii)
(3) a(i); b(iv); c(iii); d(ii)
(4) a(iv); b(ii); c(i); d(iii)

24. The movement of molecules across the plasma membrane requires energy in –
(1) Facilitated transport
(2) Active transport
(3) Passive transport
(4) Osmosis

25. Which of the following is not the function of mesosome?

(1) Formation of cell wall
(2) Helps in respiration in prokaryotic cell

(3) Decrease the surface area

(4) Distribution of replicated DNA to the daughter cells

26. The statements given below are either true(T) or false (F). Select the correct option.

Statement A: In cells, lipids are synthesised by one of the components of the

endomembrane system.
Statement B: ATP, the cellular energy is synthesised in a cell organelle whose number is
same in all different types of cells.

A B
(1) T T
(2) T F
(3) F T
(4) F F

27. Match the following columns and choose the correct option

Column I Column II
(a) Fluid-mosaic model (i) Cell wall
(b) Barrier to undesirable (ii) Golgi Bodies
macromolecules
(c) Synthesis of proteins and (iii) Plasma membrane
carbohydrates
(d) Formation of glycoproteins and (iv) Chloroplasts
glycolipids
(1) a-iii; b-i: c-ii; d-iv
(2) a-i; b-iii: c-iv; d-ii
(3) a-iii; b-i: c-iv; d-ii
(4) a-i; b-iii: c-ii; d-iv

30. Select the incorrect statement w.r.t. higher plant cells.

(1) Are generally smaller than animal cells
(2) Have a rigid cell wall made up of cellulose
(3) Generally, lack centrioles and centrosome

(4) Contain plastids

31. The odd one out w.r.t. chloroplast is-

(1) Inner membrane is relatively less permeable

(2) Stroma contains enzymes required for the synthesis of carbohydrates and proteins
(3) Chlorophyll pigments are present in the stroma
(4) Flat membranous tubules connect the thylakoids of different granum

32. Leucoplast that store carbohydrates are –

(1) Elaioplasts
(2) Aleuroplasts
(3) Amyloplasts
(4) Chloroplasts

33. Select the wrong statement about prokaryotic cells

(1) There is no well-defined nucleus
(2) The genetic material is naked

(3) These have polyribosomes composed of 80S ribosomes

(4) All do not have cell wall

34. Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum are in close association in a eukaryotic cell
w.r.t function. Select the most appropriate reason for such association.
(1) A number of proteins are synthesised by ribosomes on the ER
(2) Golgi apparatus principally performs the function of packaging materials
(3) Materials to be packaged in the form of vesicles from the ER, fuse with the cis face of the
Golgi apparatus and move towards the trans face
(4) Golgi cisternae are concentrically arranged near the nucleus with its distinct, forming and
maturing face

35. The core of eukaryotic flagella and cilia is made up of –

(1) Central hub and 10 peripheral microtubules
(2) 9 doublet peripheral microtubules and a pair of microtubules in the centre
(3) 9 triplet peripheral microtubules and a pair of microtubules in the centre

(4) Hook, filament and basal body

36. Find the incorrect match

(1) Bacterial shape – Bacillus, coccus, vibrio, spirillum

(2) Mesosomes – Vesicles, tubules, lamellae

(3) Membrane bound inclusion bodies – Phosphate granules, cynophycean granules,
glycogen granules
(4) Prokaryotic ribosome – Size 15nm-20nm, 70S, subunits 50S & 30S

37. The fluid mosaic model of plasma membrane was proposed by –

(1) Schleiden and Schwann (1839)
(2) Singer and Nicolson (1972)
(3) George Palade (1953)

(4) Rudolf Virchow (1855)

38. What makes the cell envelope in bacteria? Select the most appropriate group of
structures.

(a) Cell wall, cell membrane, capsule

(b) Cell wall, cell membrane, slime layer
(c) Cell wall, cell membrane, glycocalyx
(d) Cell wall, cell membrane and cytoplasm

(1) a and d
(2) Only c
(3) b and d
(4) Only d

39. What is incorrect about bacterial flagellum?

(1) The longest part is the filament
(2) It comprises three parts - filament, hook and basal body
(3) It shows rotational movement just like eukaryotic flagellum

(4) Hook is the curved part that connects basal body to the filament

40. Select the correct statements w.r.t. structure of cell membrane.

(a) Lipids are arranged within the membrane with polar heads towards the outer sides and
the non-polar tails towards the inner part.
(b) Non-polar tails are made up of 2 saturated hydrocarbon chains and hydrophobic in
nature
(c) The lipid component of the membrane mainly consists of phosphoglycerides
(d) It is semi-permeable in eukaryotes and fully permeable in prokaryotes.

(1) a, b and c
(2) a and c
(3) c and d
(4) a, b, c, and d

41. Fluidity of cell membrane means –

(1) Presence of proteins in the lipid bilayer
(2) Presence of lipids and proteins in the membrane

(3) Lateral movement of proteins within the lipid layer

(4) Movement of carbohydrates within the membrane

42. What is incorrect for facilitated transport?

(1) Happens through carrier proteins

(2) Movement of substances is along the concentration gradient
(3) No expense of energy
(4) None of these

43. Match the following

Column I Column II
(a) Cell membrane (i) Mannans
(b) Cell wall (ii) Calcium pectate
(c) Middle lamella (iii) Cellulose
(d) Algal cell wall (iv) Lipids and proteins
(1) a-iv; b-iii; c-ii; d-i
(2) a-iv; b-iii; c-i; d-ii
(3) a-i; b-ii; c-iii; d-iv
(4) a-i; b-iii; c-iv; d-ii

44. Statement A: Passive transport across the cell membrane happens at a slow rate.
Statement B: Passive transport requires no cellular energy.

(1) Statement A and B are correct and statement B is the correct explanation of
statement A
(2) Statement A and B are correct and statement B is not the correct explanation of
statement A
(3) Statement A is incorrect but statement B is correct.
(4) Both the statements are incorrect

45. Select the correct group of substances w.r.t presence in the cell/plasma membrane.
(1) Only lipids and proteins

(2) Only proteins and carbohydrates

(3) Lipids, proteins and carbohydrates
(4) Only lipid bilayer

46. Select the correct statements

(a) Neutral substances may move across the cell membrane by simple diffusion
(b) Water always moves from its higher concentration area to its lower concentration area
passively through the cell membrane.
(c) Polar molecules can pass through the cell membrane passively
(d) Na+/K+ pump is an energy dependent process of cell
(1) a, b, c and d
(2) a, b, and c

(3) a, b and d
(4) b, c and d

47. Fluid nature of cell membrane is important for –

(1) Endocytosis and exocytosis

(2) Formation of intercellular junctions
(3) Secretion
(4) All the above

48. What is incorrect w.r.t. primary cell wall of angiosperms -

(1) Cellulosic and dead
(2) Fully permeable
(3) Middle lamella connects the primary cell walls of adjoining cells

(4) Present even after the formation of secondary cell wall

49. Select the odd cell organelle.

(a) Endoplasmic reticulum

(b) Mitochondria
(c) Golgi bodies
(d) Lysosomes
(e) Ribosomes

(1) a, c and d
(2) b, d and e
(3) b and e
(4) d and e
50. Which of the component of cell membrane is classified on the basis of ease of
extraction?
(1) Lipid heads

(2) Proteins
(3) Carbohydrates
(4) Lipid tails

51. The ratio of lipids and proteins respectively in the cell membrane of human RBCs is –
(1) 52% and 40%
(2) 40% and 52%
(3) 50% and 50%

(4) 60% and 40%

52. Plasmodesmata help-

(1) In connecting cytoplasm of neighbouring cells in a plant
(2) Only in the attachment of neighbouring cells in a plant

(3) In respiration only

(4) In forming secondary cell wall

53. Lipid-like steroidal hormones in animal cells are synthesised in-

(1) SER
(2) RER
(3) Lysosomes
(4) Nucleus

54. Select the incorrect characteristics w.r.t. Golgi apparatus.

(1) Cisternae have 0.5µm to 1.0µm diameter
(2) Forming face is called cis face, concave in appearance

(3) Both cis and trans face are entirely different but interconnected
(4) Lysosomes are released from the trans face
55. Select the incorrect match.
(1) Golgi apparatus – Site for the formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids

(2) SER – Major site for the synthesis of lipids

(3) Lysosomes – Filled with hydrolases, active at basic pH
(4) Contractile vacuole – Important for excretion of water and ions in Amoeba

56. Which of the following is not the function of the cell wall?
(1) Gives shape and protection to bacterial, plant and fungal cells
(2) Cell-to-cell interaction
(3) Barrier to undesirable macromolecules

(4) Selectively permeable to some simple molecules.

57. What stands incorrect for chloroplast–

(1) Double membrane bound organelle
(2) Chlorophyll and carotenoids are present inside the grana

(3) ds DNA and 80S ribosomes are present in the stroma

(4) Only one chloroplast is present in a Chlamydomonas

58. Cell cleaning is primarily performed by –

1. Golgi apparatus
2. Lysosomes
3. Residual bodies
4. Microbodies

59. Food vacuoles are formed in protists due to –

1. Engulfing of food particles
2. Pinocytosis
3. Release of organic compounds from the ER
4. Release from Golgi bodies

60. What is the site of aerobic respiration?

 1. Only cytoplasm
2. Peri-mitochondrial space
3. Matrix of mitochondria
4. Stroma of chloroplast

61. Which of the characteristics is common for mitochondria and chloroplasts?

a) Presence of single, circular ds DNA
b) 70S ribosomes
c) Presence of cristae
d) Bound by a single membrane

(1) a and b
(2) b and d
(3) c and d
(4) b and c

62. In which part of the chloroplast, chlorophyll and carotenoids are present?
1. Stroma
2. Inner membrane of the chloroplast
3. Outer membrane of the chloroplast
4. Grana
63. Statement A: Mitochondria are called ‘power house’ of cells.
Statement B: Mitochondria divide by fission.
1. Both the statements are correct and statement B is the correct explanation of
statement A
2. Both the statements are correct but statement B is not the correct explanation of
statement A
3. Statement A is correct and statement B is incorrect
4. Statement A is incorrect and statement B is correct

64. Yellow, orange or red colour in plant parts are due to the presence of –
1. Only carotenes
2. Only xanthophylls
3. Carotenoids
4. Chlorophyll

65. Find the incorrect statements.

 a. Chlamydomonas has one chloroplast per cell
b. In each mesophyll cell 20-40 chloroplasts are present
c. Inner membrane of chloroplast is relatively more permeable
d. The space between inner membrane and outer membrane is called stroma in a
chloroplast.

1. a and b
2. b and c
3. c and d
4. a and d

66. Carbohydrates and proteins are synthesised by using inorganic substances in –

1. Mitochondria
2. Chloroplasts
3. Endoplasmic reticulum
4. Golgi apparatus

67. Ribosomes found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells respectively are –

1. Only 80S type
2. 80S and 70S type
3. Only 70S type
4. Polyribosomes

68. George Palade discovered –

1. Mitochondria
2. Cell wall
3. Lysosomes
4. Ribosomes

69. Which of the cellular structures are not bound by plasma membrane?
i. Centrioles
ii. Ribosomes
iii. Nucleoli
iv. Flagella
v. Lysosomes

1. i, ii, iii
2. i, ii, iii, iv
 3. i and ii
4. iv and v

70. What is the arrangement of microtubules in the axoneme of a cilium?

1. 13 protofilaments
2. 9 doublet microtubules in the periphery + 2 central microtubules
3. 9 triplet microtubules in the periphery
4. 9 triplet microtubules in the periphery + central hub

71. Basal bodies of cilia and flagella are formed by-

1. Centrosome
2. Centrioles
3. Proteins
4. Golgian vacuoles

72. Find the incorrect statements

I. Centrioles have cartwheel like organisation

II. Flagella is not surrounded by plasma membrane
III. Spindle apparatus develops from basal bodies in plant cells
IV. In centrioles 9 doublets of microtubules are arranged in the periphery
1. Only I
2. Only II and III
3. Only II, III and IV
4. Only III and IV

73. Active ribosomal synthesis inside the nucleus happens in –

1. RER
2. Ribosomes
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Nucleolus

74. The term chromatin was given by –

1. Robert Brown
2. Flemming
3. George Palade
4. Nicolson
75. In acrocentric chromosome the position of centromere is –
1. Median
2. Terminal
3. Sub-terminal
4. Little away from the median position