TRADE PROJECT

MOULDING OF SALT SHAKER AND PEPPER SHAKER

NAME : MANTHI VICTORIA MWENDE

INDEX NUMBER : 106120040

COURSE NAME : CERTIFICATE IN FOOD AND

BEVERRAGE PRODUCTION

SERVICE AND SALES

COURSE CODE : 1802/205

PRESENTED TO : KENYA EXAMINATION COUNCIL AS

PARTIAL FULFILMENT FOR THE

AWARD OF CERTIFICATE IN

FOOD AND BEVERAGE.

SUPERVISOR : MADAM HELLEN

SERIES : AUGUST 2021

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 DECLARATION
I hear by declare that this is my original work and has never been presented by anyone. It is is
my supervision guidance and parents who helped in choosing this project.

THE CANDIDATE MANTHI VICTORIA MWENDE OF INDEX NUMBER 1061200240

i) I the project named above was approved by KNEC and supervised by

SUPERVISOR

ii) I personally carried out the project whose report follows after this declaration.

iii) I received no undue help from unauthorized persons other than the normal guidance from my
supervision.

iv) The report submitted to the council is Original

SIGNATURE ………………………………………………….
DATE…………………………….

THE SUPERVISOR:

Declare that, I supervised the above named candidates project and report contained herein is the
genuine work of the candidate

SIGNATURE OF THE SUPERVISOR………………………………….

DATE………………….

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 DEDICATION
I dedicate the project to my beloved parents, my brother and sister for their financial and moral
support. I would also wish to dedicate it to the entire family members for their patience, support
and understanding during the entire period of study.

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First, I would like to give praise and honor to the almighty God for giving me sufficient grace
and energy to write this. This work is the result of the support from different people. Whom their
efforts cannot be underscored as they have made this work to undergo through a complete
metaphorphosis.I wish to express my sincere gratitude to them all. My heartfelt thanks go to my
supervisor Madam Hellen for Helpful professional technical guidance, advice and positive critic
through the study. My special thanks also go to my fellow students for helping me during the
project. It is now my honor and humble privilege to pass my sincere gratitude to KENYA
COAST COAST NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC fraternity for their support. May the lord bless
you all.

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Table of Contents
DECLARATION..............................................................................................................................................ii
DEDICATION................................................................................................................................................iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.................................................................................................................................iv
CHAPTER ONE..............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................1
1.2 OBJECTIVES............................................................................................................................................2
1.3 METHODOLOGY.....................................................................................................................................3
CHAPTER TWO.............................................................................................................................................4
2.1 ACTUAL PLAN OF WEEK.........................................................................................................................4
2.2 MATERIAL USED AND THEIR USES.........................................................................................................5
2.3 Procedure of Making Salt Shaker and Pepper shaker............................................................................6
2.4 Utility of the salt and pepper shaker.....................................................................................................9
2.5 COSTING..............................................................................................................................................10
2.6 Challenges Encountered during modelling of Salt and pepper Shaker Using Clay...............................11
CHAPTER THREE........................................................................................................................................12
3.0. CONCLUSION......................................................................................................................................12
3.2. RECOMMENDATION...........................................................................................................................13
REFERENCE................................................................................................................................................14

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 CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION
Cruet set is a compound name of shaker and pepper shaker. Salt shaker is designed to hold salt
and facilitate sprinkling it on food for seasoning purpose .Pepper shaker is perforated on top for
sprinkling pepper. In this project the salt shaker and pepper shaker are made using clay. The
reason why clay is used is.
i) To find the best soil used in modelling
ii) To find the Advantages of using clay, in modelling.
iii) To find the quality clay used in modelling

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1.2 OBJECTIVES
1. To find how modelling is fun.Modelling in small groups allow s fun, communication, sharing
and also improves social skills.
2. Modelling is loved by all kids and facilitates important life skills like problem solving skills,
exploring and constructing shapes.
3. The use clay in making salt shaker and and the pepper shaker will enable know for how long
objects made of clay can last it good care is taken upon them.
4. The use of clay will enable one to the process through which clay is formed during weathering
and erosion.
5. The process of modeling using clay will enable one to9 find the other uses of: for example
clay soil is also in plant.
6. Use of clay will demonstrate an understanding of how to use the tools, equipment’s and
various technics involved in working with clay.
7. Use of clay develops skills in basic hand building slap method and coiling.

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1.3 METHODOLOGY
Different methods of research were used to come up with this project Example: Observational
trait.

Participant and non-participant observation interview.

Observational Trait

This is a method of research done by watching behaviours or noting physical characteristics in

their natural settings. In the Observation trait method. The researcher gets to know the colour of
the clay, how clay drains water and also the texture of the soil.

Participant and non-participant Observation

Non participant observation involves observing participants without actively participating. This
is used to understand of a process by entering a social system involved while staying separate
from activities as being observed. The Non participant observation helped the researcher to blend
into the background. The researcher gets to know how to handle clay and the equipment’s used
in modelling.

Participant observation is when the researcher becomes a part of the group they are studying in
order to collect data and understand a problem. Participant observation helps the researcher to
see and what people are doing which can be compared to what the people are saying. The
researcher also understand how participants are using their new skills. This method of researcher
how participants are using their skills. This method of research helps the research on how to
make different shapes using clay, how to coil clay and also how to slab objects made of clay.

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 CHAPTER TWO

2.1 ACTUAL PLAN OF WEEK

TIME ACTIVITIES
Week 1. 9 a.m. -10:am - Introduction of the subject selecting the topic of the project
8/2/2021 presentation and approval
Week 2 8:am – 9:30 am -Researching the best clay soil for making salt and pepper
16/2/2021 shaker. Preparing the material into the correct amounts.
Soaking the clay
Week 3. 8.am-10:35am - Observing the skills, on how to make clay salt and pepper
28/2/2021 shaker-Preparing the materials into the correct amounts.
Soaking the clay

Week 1 : 7:00am-8:30am -Making of the salt and pepper shakers. Modelling the clay into
2-3/03/2021 their correct shapes.Plaqcing the items to be firm and strong
and leave it to dry.
Week 2 10:45am-12:pm Finishing and decorating the salt pepper shakers.
6-11/03/2021
Week 3 :7:00am -4:55 pm Typing, printing, and scanning the work done through the
13-21/3/2021 project.
Week 4 10:30 am-12:50pm Presenting the project to the supervisor.
31/3/2021

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2.2 MATERIAL USED AND THEIR USES.
MATERIAL USES
Clay Used in modelling the salt shaker and pepper
shaker pops into their required shapes.
Water
Used in soaking the clay
Used during suffering and finishing the items
Used during the decoration of the salt shaker
and pepper.
Paint Used in the decoration of the clay salt shaker
and pepper shaker
Needle Used in making the top holes in a salt shaker
lid
Sanding sponge
Used to smoothen the objects texture .that
used to smoothen the walls or sides, of salt
and pepper shaker.
Tamiya putty
Applied to the seam to be filled with a flat
object.

2.3 Procedure of Making Salt Shaker and Pepper shaker

1. Gathering of the raw materials and tools that are needed in the modelling of salt and pepper.
Example sanding sponge

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2. Kneading of the clay

3. Slice your Clay in half with stiff wire and check for bubbles or gasps

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4. Strengthen the port of the shaker and pepper shaker to make them strong.
5. Shape your pot as you make it.

7. Finish your port. Add any decoration

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2.4 Utility of the salt and pepper shaker
1. Salt shaker and pepper shaker are used during setting of the table
2. Salt shaker is used for storage of salt and pepper shaker is used for storage of pepper
3. Salt shaker helps the salt from spillage since it is easy 5o handle.
4. Salt shaker and pepper shaker prevents the germs from contaminating the salt because it is
well stored.
5. Helps in good presentation during setting of covers.

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2.5 COSTING
Material Cost
Clay 550
Needles 150
Paint 300
Rubber bands 100
Tamiya putty 170
Filler 250
Tweezers 200
Sanding 100
sponge 100
Black 120
Clothes pins
2040
Total

Labour Cost
Labour Cost
Typing 200
Printing 300
Binding 250

Total 750

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2.6 Challenges Encountered during modelling of Salt and pepper Shaker Using Clay
1. Poor time management skills made it difficult for me to complete the project on time.
2. Lack of motivation during research led to lower levels of engagement and poor
communication.
3. Lack of familiarity with research methods, lack of experience in doing research.
4. Poor weather condition .Rainy weather affected the researcher during participant and non-
participant observation.
5. Lack of enough finance to get material and equipment’s that are used in moulding salt and
pepper shaker.
6. Transport expenses .Transport costs have been a challenge during the research
methodology .visiting the places of research.
7. Time consuming .A lot of time while researching and collecting data about the salt shaker and
pepper.

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 CHAPTER THREE

3.0. CONCLUSION
The researcher would like to conclude that modelling is fun.modelling helps one to know to
make different objects using clay, making different shapes and also coiling of clay.modelling
also facilitates important life skills like problem solving and exploring .modelling can be done
even by kids .it can be done by anybody depending on the skills one have and depending on the
type of item one wishes to model. During modelling observation is involved and also conversing
is involved therefore one can gain different skills .During modelling the researcher therefore
finds out whether their talk is conversant to whatever the people are doing.

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3.2. RECOMMENDATION.
Salt shaker and pepper shaker are suitable equipment used during service .that is when setting the
table.
Salt shaker and pepper shaker are placed at the center of the table in case the food served has no
correct seasoning.

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REFERENCE
Great Lakes Clay.
YouTube
https://goo.gl.

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