Diatomic Molecules

CHEMISTRY EXAM REVIEWER

• H2 – Hydrogen
CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS • N2 – Nitrogen
• F2 – Fluorine
Chemical Reactions • O2 – Oxygen
- A process in which atoms of the same or • Cl2 - Chlorine
different elements rearrange themselves • Br2 – Bromine
to form a new substance. • I2 – Iodine
- A chemical reaction can be represented by Types of Chemical Bonds
a chemical equation.
- All Chemical Reactions around us can be • Ionic – metal & non-metal
represented by Chemical Equations - named first by its cation (metal) and then
by its anion (nonmetal ending –ide)
Chemical Equations
- A chemical equation consists of symbols • Covalent – 2 non-metals
and formula of the reacting substances - Name the non-metal furthest to the left in
and their corresponding the formula by its elemental name.
- Name the other non-metal by its elemental
CHANGES IN MATTER
name and an -ide ending.
• Chemical Change - Use the prefixes mono-, di-, tri-.... to
- Alters the chemical composition of a indicate the number of that element in the
substance - molecule.
- NEW substance is formed • Metallic – 2 metals
- We can say that when matter undergoes a
Binary Acids
chemical change, then, it has undergone a
chemical reaction. - NO OXYGEN, begin with “hydro-” followed
• Physical Change by the name of the other element with
- Only the form or the phase of the suffix “-ic” and ends with the word acid.
substance is changed Symbols Use/Meaning
- NO NEW substance is formed
In the left side of the arrow: it is read as
“combines with” or “reacts with” In the
+ right side of the arrow: it is read as
“and” or “plus”
Means to produce/yield; separates
reactants from products
(g) gas
(s) solid
(l) liquid
Denotes that the material is dissolved
(aq)
in water to make a solution (aqueous)
Heat is needed

• Nuclear Change TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS

- The atom transforms into different kinds
of atom/s
- Examples are nuclear fission and fusion
FORMULAS
• MOLE – TO – MOLE

given mole ratio of asked

? mol of asked =
mole ratio of given

• MASS – TO – MASS

given 1 mol given mole ratio of asked molar mass of asked

? g of asked =
molar mass of given mole ratio of given 1 mol asked

• MOLE – TO – MASS

given mole ratio of asked molar mass of asked

? g of asked =
mole ratio of given 1 mol asked

given 1 mol given mole ratio of asked

? mol of asked =
molar mass of given mole ratio of given

• SOLVING FOR LR AND ER

1st given mole ratio of asked 2nd given mole ratio of asked
? mol of asked = ? mol of asked =
mole ratio of given mole ratio of given
= product 1 = product 2

Given of the lesser product mole ratio of asked

? mol of the given of the greater product = = product 3
mole ratio of given

Given of the greater product – product 3 = Excess of the ER

NOTE: Same process applies to mass to mass and mole

to mass but with their respective formulas