Research on Precise Voltage Regulation Control
Strategy of High and Low Voltage Ride Through Test
Device of Inverter
2021 6th Asia Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering (ACPEE) | 978-1-7281-9159-1/20/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ACPEE51499.2021.9436925
Tao Qiu Xigui Wang
Network Source Technology Network Source Technology
Center Center
Shandong Zhongshi Yitong Shandong Zhongshi Yitong
Group Co. , Ltd. Group Co. , Ltd.
Jinan, China Jinan, China
13953101296@163.com bswm10@163.com
Abstract—In order to improve the accuracy of high and low
voltage ride through test of low voltage auxiliary inverter and
effectively solve the problems of large test voltage error and long
voltage conversion time, on the basis of the existing test
equipment, a more perfect precision control strategy was
proposed. By using fuzzy self-tuning Proportional-Integral-
Differential (PID) control algorithm to achieve accurate voltage
regulation, the integrated test device of high low voltage ride
through of low voltage auxiliary inverter was further improved.
Through the application of simulation and field test, the
effectiveness and accuracy of the precise voltage regulation
control strategy were verified, which effectively reduced the
voltage regulation error and can greatly shorten the voltage
conversion time.
Keywords—inverter, high and low voltage ride through, precise
voltage regulation control, fuzzy self-tuning PID control algorithm
I. INTRODUCTION
At present, with the increasing requirements of energy-
saving and emission reduction index of thermal power plants
and their participation in frequency and peak load regulation,
the design of auxiliary equipment of thermal power units has
gradually turned to the technology of frequency conversion.
The low voltage ride through device of low voltage auxiliary
inverter is developing rapidly in China, and about 95% of the
auxiliary equipments have been converted to variable
frequency drive mode. The voltage drop performance of
important auxiliary variable frequency speed regulation system
is directly related to the safe operation and power quality of
thermal power units and power grid. However, the high and
low voltage ride through ability of most auxiliary variable
frequency speed regulation systems is poor[1-3], which leads
to the inverter locking output when the grid voltage is low,
causing the overall furnace outfire protection action tripping,
resulting in instability of local power grid. In recent years, the
voltage drop of power grid leads to the shutdown of inverter of
auxiliary equipment in power plant, so that the generator unit is
forced to stop, and the event is very common.
978-1-7281-9159-1/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE
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Qihui Yin Dong Wang
Network Source Technology Network Source Technology
Center Center
Shandong Zhongshi Yitong Shandong Zhongshi Yitong
Group Co. , Ltd Group Co. , Ltd.
Jinan, China Jinan, China
13685311769@163.com wd800@163.com
According to the relevant requirements of Shandong
electric power dispatching control center's notice on Carrying
Out the Rectification Work of High and Low Voltage Ride
Through Capability of Class I Auxiliary Equipment Inverter in
Power Plant (SDL [2017] No. 295) and Notice of Shandong
Electric Power Dispatching Control Center on Regulating the
Management of Network Related Performance Test of Direct
Regulating Units (LDTJ[2018] No. 4), it is necessary to carry
out the safety performance test on the low voltage ride through
device of the class I auxiliary equipment of the generating
set[4-7]. At present, there are some problems in the high and
low voltage ride through test device of low voltage auxiliary
inverter in China: Long voltage conversion time, large test
voltage error and long dynamic response time, and so on. In
view of the above problems, it is necessary to carry out
research on high precision voltage regulation technology
combined with the voltage control mode of the existing
inverter high and low voltage ride through test device.
In order to achieve the accurate regulation of voltage, this
paper proposed a precise voltage regulation strategy based on
fuzzy self-tuning Proportional-Integral-Differential (PID)
control algorithm. The strategy effectively solved the problems
of long voltage conversion time and poor voltage regulation
accuracy of the existing voltage regulation strategy of high and
low voltage ride through test devices. The accuracy of the
precise voltage regulation control strategy was verified by
modeling and simulation, and the field application was carried
out.
II. RESEARCH ON PRECISE VOLTAGE REGULATION METHOD OF
HIGH AND LOW VOLTAGE RIDE THROUGH TEST DEVICE OF
INVERTER
A. The principle of fuzzy self tuning PID control
The fuzzy self-tuning PID control algorithm is based on the
deviation and variation rate of deviation obtained by sampling
calculation, and the fuzzy inference rules obtained from
experience are used to establish the fuzzy relations of
proportion coefficient, differential coefficient and integral
coefficient for control.

Fig. 1. Principle block diagram of fuzzy PID control
The structure of fuzzy PID control is shown in Fig. 1.
According to Fig. 1, the fuzzy self-tuning PID control
algorithm is composed of fuzzy reasoning and PID control in
series. Among them, deviation e and deviation change
rate ec are used as control inputs. The function of fuzzy self-
tuning PID control algorithm is to find out the fuzzy
relationship between K p , K I , K D and deviation e and deviation
change rate ec . According to the fuzzy control rules, fuzzy
reasoning was carried out, the adjustment values ∆k P ,
∆k I and ∆k D were output, and the optimal adjustment of K p ,
K I and K D was automatically completed. According to the
new K p , K I and K D , the PID control output the control
quantity[7-9] to the controlled object, fed back the output to the
input and made difference with the input value. Finally, the
parameters of fuzzy self-tuning PID control algorithm were
adjusted according to the difference value to realize dynamic
real-time control.
The value of K p , K I and K D is:
K p = K ′p + ∆k P
K I = K I′ + ∆k I
K D = K D′ + ∆k D
Where, K P′ , K I′ , K D′ is the initial value of K p , K I ,
K D , respectively.
B. Pressure regulation control process of high and low
In order to ensure that the actual output voltage value of the
voltage regulator can track the set target voltage value with
high precision, this paper used the voltage regulation strategy
based on fuzzy self-tuning PID control algorithm to achieve
accurate voltage regulation. The data processing and analysis
system sends the voltage regulation command to the power
signal conditioning acquisition unit to drive the motor to adjust
the voltage of the three-phase voltage regulator. The output
voltage of the three-phase voltage regulator can be fed back to
the power signal conditioning and acquisition unit in real time,
and then uploaded to the data processing and analysis system
to display the voltage regulation status in real time. The
specific process is shown in Fig. 2.
The target voltage regulation value and the real-time output
voltage of the voltage regulator were collected and transformed
into d-axis and q-axis direct flow through coordinate
transformation. The error e and error change ec of direct flow
were calculated and input into fuzzy self-tuning PID control
algorithm. However, the fuzzy self-tuning PID control
algorithm used step response method to apply step output, and
the action characteristics, action direction, proportional gain
and integral time were identified by input changes. According
to the PID output control parameter value, the motor drives the
rotating shaft of the three-phase voltage regulator to adjust the
slider position of the three-phase voltage regulator. Finally, the
output voltage of the three-phase voltage regulator was fed
back to the data processing and analysis system in real time.
III. MODELING AND SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF CONTROL
ALGORITHM AND VOLTAGE REGULATION STRATEGY
A. Modeling of fuzzy self-tuning PID control algorithm
The simulation model of fuzzy self-tuning PID control
algorithm established under MATLAB simulation software is
shown in Fig. 3. The input deviation e and the input change
(1)
rate ec of the system were input into the fuzzy self-tuning PID
(2) control algorithm. After fuzzy processing, ∆k P ,
∆k I and ∆k D were output as the input variables of PID control
(3) to adjust the values of Proportional, Integral and
Differential[10].
1 -K-
is the gain module; -C-
0.084
In the model, is the
constant module; du / dt
is the differential module; X is the
1 +

voltage tide through test device product operation module; s is the integral module; - is
the time delay module; is the saturation characteristic
Ce e Fuzzy self-
Target value of Three-phase Output voltage
Voltage regulation ec
tuning PID Drive
voltage
module of limiting amplitude; is the fuzzy logic control
de / dt Ce control motor
algorithm
regulator module; is the oscilloscope module.
Voltage
acquisition

Fig. 2. Flow chart of pressure regulation control

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 -C-
du / dt Scope
1 ++ X
Derivative1 +
Gain4 Product

0.084
Saturation
+- 1
s
Constant X
Integrator
Step
du / dt
Fuzzy Logic -K- ++ +
Controller
Product1
Gain2
Derivative -C- Add
Saturation1 ln1
Constant1
ln2 Out1
Scope1
ln3
20 1
-K- 8s 2 + 8s + 1 s
Transfer Fcn
Scope2

80 +
24s + 1
-
Transfer Fcn Transfer Scope3
Delay

Fig. 3. Simulation model of fuzzy self-tuning PID control system

B. Simulation analysis of control algorithm and voltage
regulation control strategy
(1) Dynamic response time analysis of fuzzy self-tuning
PID control algorithm
The fuzzy self-tuning PID control algorithm was compared
with the conventional PID control algorithm. In Fig. 4 and Fig.
5, the red line is the conventional PID control algorithm, while
the blue line is the fuzzy self-tuning PID control algorithm,
and the yellow line is the input unit step signal.
It can be seen from Fig. 4 that the yellow line takes a step
from 0 to 1 in 3s. The red line reaches 1 in 5s, the peak value
was 1.6 at 6s, and the peak value was 0.8 at 9s, oscillates at 1
after 12s, and finally reaches stability in 18 s. The blue line
reaches 1 in about 6s. The waveform is gentle between 6-16s,
fluctuates under 1.2, and finally reaches stable at 16s, and the
whole process tends to be gentle.
In order to better verify the stability of fuzzy self-tuning
PID control algorithm, random number interference is added in
the process of model construction, and the simulation results
of a period of time are selected for analysis. It can be seen
from Fig. 5 that the dynamic performance of blue line is better
when the long value interference with different amplitude is
added each time. The blue line takes less time to reach steady
state than the red line, which takes 4s, 5s and 10s, respectively.
Therefore, the fluctuation of the blue line is smaller than that
of the red line, and the change is more gentle. The fuzzy self-
tuning PID control algorithm has shorter adjustment time and
smaller steady-state error.
From the above, the fuzzy self-tuning PID control
algorithm gives full play to the advantages of both PID control
and fuzzy control. It has the advantages of good stability, fast
response speed, short dynamic response time, high control
precision, good control effect and strong anti-interference
ability.

1.6
1.6
1.4
1.4
1.2
1.2
1
1

0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6

0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2

0
0

0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72 78
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21
Time/s
Time/s

Fig. 4. Comparison chart of step response of closed loop control system Fig. 5. Contrast diagram in case of sudden interference

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 (2)Simulation analysis of voltage regulation control
strategy
In order to verify the voltage regulation accuracy and
voltage transition time of the voltage regulation strategy based
on fuzzy self-tuning PID control algorithm proposed in this
paper, the voltage regulation strategy and the existing voltage
regulation strategy were compared and analyzed by simulation.
The comparison diagrams are shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7. In the
figures, the yellow line is the voltage regulation strategy based
on fuzzy self-tuning PID control algorithm, while the red line
is the existing voltage regulation strategy.
It can be seen from Fig. 6 that in this simulation, the initial
voltage is 188.87V, and the expected target voltage is 183.56V.
The voltage of yellow solid line is dropped to 183.38V, the
voltage regulation accuracy is 0.098%, and the voltage drop
transition time is less than 3.2ms. The voltage of the red solid
line is dropped to 185.37V, the voltage regulation accuracy is
0.98%, and the voltage drop transition time is less than 12.9ms.
It can be seen from Fig. 7 that in this simulation, the initial
voltage is 238.15V, the expected target voltage is 240.84V.
The yellow solid line voltage is raised to 240.60V, the voltage
regulation accuracy is 0.099%, and the voltage rise transition
time is less than 4.4ms. The red solid line voltage is raised to
243.27V, the voltage regulation accuracy is 1.01%, and the
voltage rise transition time is less than 17.6ms.
From the above, the voltage regulation accuracy of the
voltage regulation control strategy based on fuzzy self-tuning
188.87V
185.37V
183.56V
183.38V
Line voltage
152.97V
15.8335 15.8978 15.9621
Fig. 6. Simulation comparison of voltage drop
243.27V
240.84V
240.60V
238.15V
Line voltage
218.73V
9.6753 9.7635 9.8518
Fig. 7. Simulation comparison of voltage rise
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PID control algorithm is less than 0.1%, and the voltage
conversion transition time is less than 5ms.This proves that the
strategy can effectively reduce the voltage regulation error and
shorten the voltage conversion time.
IV. FIELD APPLICATION
In order to verify the accuracy of the precise voltage
regulation control strategy of the high and low voltage ride
through test device of the inverter, the field test of the coal
feeder inverter was carried out in Qufu Huaneng Thermal
Power Co., Ltd. The power plant has two 225,000 kW double
extraction cogeneration units, two 670t/h ultra-high pressure
pulverized coal boilers and two 225MW hydrogen water-
cooled generating units. The test waveform of low voltage drop
is shown in Fig. 8, and that of high voltage rise is shown in Fig.
9. The three waveform curves from top to bottom are: inverter
input voltage, inverter output voltage, inverter DC bus voltage.
It can be seen from Fig. 8 that the original target voltage is
204.02V, but the final voltage is dropped to 203.82V, the
voltage regulation accuracy is 0.092%, and the voltage drop
transition time is less than 4.5ms. Besides, it can be seen from
Fig. 9, the original target voltage is 245.43V, the voltage is
raised to 245.67V, the voltage regulation accuracy is
0.097%,and the voltage rise transition time is less than 4.9ms.
By using the precise voltage regulation control strategy, the
voltage regulation accuracy and voltage transition time of high
and low voltage ride through test device of inverter are
significantly improved.
16.0264 16.0908 16.1551 16.2194 16.2837
9.9400 10.0282 10.1164 10.2929
947
 present high and low voltage ride through test device, the
fuzzy self-tuning PID control algorithm was used to improve
and perfect the device. The precise voltage regulation control
strategy, which was verified by simulation analysis and field
Line voltage
185.29V application was proposed. The voltage transition time of the
high and low voltage ride through test device with this precise
voltage regulation control strategy was less than 5 ms. The
accuracy of voltage regulation was within 0.1%, which further
improved the accuracy of test results of high and low voltage
Output voltage
232.51V
ride through test device.
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