TECHNOLOGY

Axles
Front

Rear

Hub reduction

Tandem axles

Rear axle ratio

Example

Transfer box

Suspension
Suspension types

Front axle

Parabolic springs

Pneumatic suspension

The wide variety of different missions for heavy construction vehicles

creates different needs regarding axle configuration, axle loads,
geometry and suspension types.

Trakker range is responding to this with all necessary combinations

and configurations.
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Axles FRONT AXLES OVERVIEW

Front

Rear

Hub reduction
Type 5886, non driven
Tandem axles
axle load up to 8.500 kg
Rear axle ratio

Example 4x2, 6x4, 8x4

Transfer box

Suspension
Suspension types
Type 5985, driven axle
Front axle
axle load up to 9.000 kg
Parabolic springs

Pneumatic suspension 4x4, 6x6, 8x8

Type 5985, driven 2nd front axle

axle load up to 9.000 kg
8x8

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Axles REAR AXLES OVERVIEW

Front

Rear

Hub reduction

Tandem axles
Hub reduction single axles:
Rear axle ratio  451391, axle load up to 13.000 kg
Example

Transfer box

Suspension
Suspension types
Hub reduction tandem axles:
Front axle
 452146, axle load 2 x 10.500 kg
Parabolic springs
 452191, axle load 2 x 10.500 kg
Pneumatic suspension
 453291, axle load 2 x 16.000 kg

Single reduction tandem axles:

 MT 150 E, axle load 2 x 10.500 kg

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Axles HUB REDUCTION PRINCIPLE PLANETARY GEAR

Front

Rear

Hub reduction

Tandem axles

Rear axle ratio

Example

Transfer box

Suspension
Suspension types

Front axle

Parabolic springs

Pneumatic suspension

A planetary gear in the wheel hub is delivering

the final wheel torque (demultiplication factor
3.20), therefore reduced stress on central axle
drive.
 Smaller dimensions possible
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Axles TANDEM AXLES

Front

Rear

Hub reduction

Tandem axles
 "Light" tandem 452146
Single reduction  "Medium heavy" tandem 452191
Rear axle ratio
 "Heavy" tandem 453291
Example

Transfer box

Suspension
Suspension types Advantages of hub reduction
Front axle tandems:
Parabolic springs

Pneumatic suspension

 Smaller differential housing: high ground clearance

 Torque delivery at the hub: less stress for driveline components

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Axles SINGLE REDUCTION TANDEM AXLES

Front

Rear Some 6x4 and 8x4 are equipped with Meritor tandem axle MT 150 E with single
Hub reduction reduction (concrete mixer models “B” and “B/P”).
Tandem axles

Single reduction

Rear axle ratio

Example

Transfer box

Suspension
Suspension types

Front axle
Advantages of single reduction tandems:
Parabolic springs

Pneumatic suspension

 Weight reduction - higher payload

 Higher mechanical efficiency - less consumption

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Axles Taking into account the various missions and different geographic and
logistic conditions, it is necessary to pay much attention to the correct
Front
configuration of the driveline.
Rear

Hub reduction

Tandem axles
Rear axle ratios from i = 1 : 3,79 up to 1 : 6,59 are available, allowing for each
combination of engine, gearbox, tyre size and specific vehicle mission to find the
Rear axle ratio
optimum solution, concerning:
Example

Transfer box  Low fuel consumption

Suspension  Best traction behaviour
Suspension types

Front axle
 Standard ratios (see your market documentation) are based on hilly
Parabolic springs roads and partial off-road use in case of non all-wheel driven vehicles,
Pneumatic suspension giving a valid compromise between traction and consumption.
In case of all-wheel driven vehicles the standard ratio is optimised for
traction on more difficult hilly regions or regular off-road use.
 Longer ratios ("smaller numbers") can be chosen for preferably flat
roads or “lighter” missions, supporting fuel eonomy.
 Shorter ratios ("bigger numbers") should be applied in case of more
difficult missions, e.g. with steeper gradients, frequent overloading or
exclusively off-road use.
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Axles Having the basic parameters it’s easy to calculate the missing one, using
the following formulae:
Front

Rear given speed, rear axle ratio, tyre

v  ira  igb 1000
Hub reduction
 searching engine rpm’s: n
Tandem axles 0,06  U
Rear axle ratio

Example
given engine rpm, speed, tyre n  0,06  U
Transfer box ira 
Suspension
 searching a good rear axle ratio:
v  igb 1000
Suspension types

Front axle
given engine rpm, rear axle ratio, tyre n  0,06  U
Parabolic springs
v
Pneumatic suspension
 searching vehicle speed: ira  igb 1000

where:
n = engine revs [1/min]
v = vehicle speed [km/h]
ira = rear axle ratio
igb= gearbox ratio (in highest resp. interesting gear)
U = circumference of tyre [mm]
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Axles One practical example, searching the best rear axle ratio for the following
parameters:
Front

Rear
vehicle speed: 80 km/h
Hub reduction wanted engine rpm: 1300 1/min
Tandem axles tyres 315/80 R 22,5: U = 3280 mm
Rear axle ratio
gearbox 16 S 151 OD: igb = 0,84 (in 16th gear)
Example

Transfer box

Suspension
Suspension types
n  0,06 U 1300  0,06  3280
Front axle ira  ira 
Parabolic springs v  igb 1000 80  0,84 1000
Pneumatic suspension

ira  3,81 

 Available rear axle ratio: 3,79

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Axles TRANSFER BOX

Front

Rear

Hub reduction

Tandem axles
All-wheel driven vehicles need a transfer box
Rear axle ratio
to distribute the engine torque correctly
Example
between front and rear axle(s).
Transfer box

Technical data The transfer box allows also a further speed

reduction for heavy off-road use.
Suspension
Suspension types Iveco "W"-types have permanent all-wheel-
Front axle drive, therefore we also have a lockable
Parabolic springs differential between front and rear axle(s). In
Pneumatic suspension case of needs a PTO* at the transfer box is
available.

* Attention: only to be ordered for new vehicles - no retrofit possible!

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Axles TRANSFER BOX - TECHNICAL DATA

Front

Rear

Hub reduction

Tandem axles

Rear axle ratio

Example
TC 1800 TC 2200
Transfer box

Technical data Max. input torque 18.000 Nm 22.000 Nm

Suspension Max torque for PTO 1.180 Nm
Suspension types Ratio "On-road" ( fast ) 1:1
Front axle Ratio "Off-road" ( slow ) 1 : 1,6
Parabolic springs Torque distribution front / rear ( 4x4 ) 31 / 69 %
Pneumatic suspension
Torque distribution front / rear ( 6x6 ) 20 / 80 %
Dry weight 265 kg 347 kg
Oil capacity 6,5 l
Housing Aluminium
Use for engines (HP) 270 ... 380 440 / 480

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Axles
Front

Rear

Hub reduction

Tandem axles

Rear axle ratio

Example

Transfer box Different missions, specific needs concerning

comfort, kerbweight etc. require different
Suspension suspension characteristics and configuration.
Suspension types To deal with these points, we offer various
types of axle suspension:
Front axle

Parabolic springs

Pneumatic suspension  Parabolic

 Semi-elliptic
 Pneumatic

 Possibility to optimise suspension for specific use / mission

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Axles FRONT AXLE SUSPENSION OVERVIEW

Front

Rear

Hub reduction 4x2,6x4 4x4,6x6 8x4,8x8

Tandem axles
standard
Rear axle ratio

Example

Transfer box

Suspension
Suspension types
parabolic, parabolic, parabolic,
Front axle 7,1 - 8,5 t 7,1 - 9 t 2 x 8 - 8,5 t
Parabolic springs

Pneumatic suspension
optional

semielliptic, semielliptic,
8,5 t 7,1 - 9 t
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Axles FRONT AND REAR AXLES

Front

Rear New on rear axle suspension:

Hub reduction parabolic springs also for heavy tandem 2 x 16 t available as standard!
Tandem axles  Saving 90 kg of kerbweight
Rear axle ratio For roughest missions, semi-elliptic suspension is available as well as option but
Example rear axle suspension of 190W, 260W, 380W and 410W is semi-elliptic.
Transfer box

Suspension
Suspension types

Front axle

Parabolic springs

Pneumatic suspension

 Optimum driving comfort

 Minimum kerbweight

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Axles PNEUMATIC REAR AXLE SUSPENSION

Front

Rear

Hub reduction

Tandem axles

Rear axle ratio

Example

Transfer box

Suspension
Suspension types

Front axle

Parabolic springs

Pneumatic suspension

Pneumatic rear axle suspension is now available for 4x4 trucks (requested
especially for winter duty) and also for 6x4 and 8x4 concrete mixers.
In case of frequent on-road or highway missions it’s also worth thinking about
in order to increase comfort.
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