Bao Cao Hoa Dau

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HO CHI MINH CITY
HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
OFFICE FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDY PROGRAMS
FACULTY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF OIL AND GAS PROCESS ENGINEERING
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INTERNSHIP REPORT
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HO CHI MINH CITY FOOD COMPANY
SAI GON SATAKE FOOD ENTERPRISE
Tan Truc high-quality rice manufactory
Support staff: La Minh Bảo
Instructor: Ph.D. Phạm Hoàng Huy Phước Lợi
Ho Chi Minh city, August 15th 2023

LIST OF INTERNSHIP STUDENTS
No. Student ID First name Last name Class
1 2052030 Nhâm Ngọc Anh CC20HC11
2 1952625 Phạm Ngọc Duyên CC20HC11
3 2053012 Lê Phạm Hoàng CC20HC12
4 2053122 Võ Đăng Khánh CC20HC12
5 1852520 Đỗ Huy Hoàng Long CC18HC11
6 1952885 Nguyễn Phan Ước Nguyện CC20HC11
7 2052225 Hồ Gia Quân CC20HC12
8 1952976 Nguyễn Quốc Thanh CC20HC11
9 2052269 Phan Phú Thịnh CC20HC12
10 2053464 Văn Xuân Thịnh CC20HC12
11 1953012 Hồ Minh Thư CC20HC11
12 1953079 Trần Thanh Tuyến CC20HC11

INTRODUCTION
The off-campus internship at Saigon Satake Food Company lasted for about 1 month from
June 6, 2023 to July 6, 2023, not only providing us with an opportunity to apply the
knowledge we have learned in practice but also creating a chance for us to experience and
apply the knowledge we have learned in the past years in practice.
To achieve this result, we would like to sincerely thank Mr. Pham Hoang Huy Phuoc Loi, the
lecturer of Process and Equipment, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City
University of Technology - Vietnam National University, and staffs at the company for their
dedicated guidance and support. The conditions for us to delve into reality to learn about the
production process and how to operate.
We would like to sincerely thank the factory's leadership, uncles and aunts, and production
workers.
However, the report also cannot avoid shortcomings, and we hope to receive feedback from
your esteemed factory and Ms. Ngoc, which is an honor for us.
We sincerely appreciate the feedback from your esteemed factory and Ms. Ngoc, which is an
honor for us.
WE WOULD LIKE TO EXPRESS OUR SINCERE THANKS.

COMMENTS FROM THE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE ENTERPRISE
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COMMENTS FROM GUIDANCE INSTRUCTOR
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Instructor
TABLE OF CONTENT
LIST OF FIGURES................................................................................................................10
LIST OF TABLES..................................................................................................................12
CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF SAIGON FOOD FACTORY - SATAKE..............................1
1.1. Overview........................................................................................................................1
1.2. History of Establishment and Development...............................................................2

1.2.1. History.....................................................................................................................2
1.2.2. Operation and Development Situation....................................................................3
1.3. Location and Workshop...............................................................................................3

1.3.1. Factory of Satake Saigon Food................................................................................4
1.3.2. Tan Tuc Rice Processing Factory............................................................................4
1.4. Factory Floor Plan........................................................................................................5
1.5. Organizational Chart and Personnel Layout.............................................................5
1.6. Waste Treatment and Hygiene.....................................................................................6

1.6.1. Waste Treatment......................................................................................................6
1.6.2. Hygiene....................................................................................................................6
1.7. Occupational SAFETY AND FIRE PREVENTION.................................................6

1.7.1. Occupational Safety.................................................................................................6
1.7.2. Fire and Explosion Prevention................................................................................7
CHAPTER 2: TECHNOLOGY TRANSMISSION.................................................................8
2.1. Material and Quality of The Materials.......................................................................8

2.1.1. Overview of Characteristics’ Materials...................................................................8
2.1.2. Quality Criteria of Raw Materials.........................................................................11
2.2. Energy Use and Production Support Amenities......................................................19

2.2.1. Electricity..............................................................................................................19
2.2.2. Water......................................................................................................................19
2.2.3. Compressed Air.....................................................................................................19
2.3. Products and Product Indicators..............................................................................19

2.3.1. Product...................................................................................................................19
2.3.2. Product indicators..................................................................................................20
CHAPTER 3: TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS....................................................................26
3.1. Technological Process.................................................................................................26
3.2. Stages Of Production Process....................................................................................27

3.2.1. Input Weighing Stage............................................................................................27
3.2.2. Cleaning Stage Based On Volume.........................................................................27
3.2.3. Gravity Cleaning Stage..........................................................................................28
3.2.4. Rice Milling Stage.................................................................................................29
3.2.5. Rice Polishing Stage..............................................................................................30
3.2.6. Paddy Separating Stage.........................................................................................31
3.2.7. Sieving Stage.........................................................................................................32
3.2.8. Grain Sorting Stage...............................................................................................32
3.2.9. Drying Stage..........................................................................................................33
3.2.10. Grain Color Separation Stage..............................................................................34
3.2.11. Packaging, Storage, Preservation, and Transportation Stage..............................35
CHAPTER 4: EQUIPMENT.................................................................................................37
4.1. Data Entry Scale.........................................................................................................37

4.1.1. Safety Considerations:...........................................................................................37
4.1.2. Specification..........................................................................................................38
4.1.3. Uses:......................................................................................................................39
4.1.4. Principle and Structure..........................................................................................39
4.1.5. Control Side...........................................................................................................39
4.1.6. Installation.............................................................................................................40
4.1.7. Operate..................................................................................................................40
4.1.8. Cleaning The Mouths at The Valve.......................................................................42
4.1.9. Maintenance and Inspection..................................................................................43
4.1.10. Instructions for Handling Damage......................................................................44
4.2. Automatic weighing....................................................................................................45

4.2.1. Safety Considerations............................................................................................45
4.2.2. Specification..........................................................................................................45
4.2.3. Uses.......................................................................................................................47
4.2.4. The Principle of Structural Rhyme........................................................................47
4.2.5. Control Unit...........................................................................................................48
4.2.6. Installation.............................................................................................................49
4.2.7. Operation...............................................................................................................50
4.2.8. Garbage Cleaning of Valve Mouths.......................................................................52
4.2.10. Instructions for Handling Damage......................................................................53
4.3. Cleaning Machine:......................................................................................................55

4.3.1. Safety Notes...........................................................................................................55
4.3.2. Overall Size...........................................................................................................55
4.3.3. Technical Parameter..............................................................................................57
4.3.4. Standard Details and Longevity............................................................................57
4.3.5. Principles and Structure.........................................................................................58
4.3.6. Installation.............................................................................................................59
4.3.7. Operation...............................................................................................................60
4.3.8. Damage Handling Instructions..............................................................................62
4.4. Grit Separator.............................................................................................................62

4.4.1. Specification..........................................................................................................62
4.4.2. Uses.......................................................................................................................64
4.4.3. Principle and Structure..........................................................................................64
4.4.4. The Main Parts and The Overall Size....................................................................66
4.4.5. Installation.............................................................................................................67
4.4.6. Operating...............................................................................................................67
4.4.8. Enjoy Manual Handling Damaged........................................................................70
4.5. Rice Whitening Machine............................................................................................71

4.5.1. Safety Notes...........................................................................................................71
4.5.2. Technical Parameter..............................................................................................72
4.5.3. Standard Details and Lifespan Of The Equipment................................................73
4.5.4. Functions...............................................................................................................76
4.5.5. Installation.............................................................................................................80
4.5.6. Operation...............................................................................................................81
4.5.7. Disassemble...........................................................................................................82
4.5.9. Instruction For Solving Damages..........................................................................84
4.6. Polishing Machine.......................................................................................................85

4.6.1. Safety notes........................................................................................................85
4.6.2. Overall size.........................................................................................................86
4.6.3. Technical parameter..........................................................................................89
4.6.5. Structures...........................................................................................................90
4.6.6. Installation.........................................................................................................95
4.6.7. Operation...........................................................................................................95
4.6.8. Adjusting grain gloss.........................................................................................97
4.6.9. Cleaning the polishing chamber.......................................................................98
4.6.10. Removing mesh.............................................................................................99
4.6.11. Cleaning nozzles............................................................................................99
4.6.12. Inspection and maintenance.......................................................................100
4.6.13. Damage handling instructions....................................................................100
4.7. Rice Separator Machine...........................................................................................102

4.7.1. Safety Precautions...............................................................................................102
4.7.2. Technical Specifications......................................................................................103
4.7.3. Functions.............................................................................................................104
4.7.4. Principle and Structure........................................................................................104
4.7.5. Main Components and Overall Dimensions:......................................................106
4.7.6. Installation...........................................................................................................107
4.7.7. Operation.............................................................................................................107
4.7.8. Maintenance and Inspection:...............................................................................110
4.7.9. Troubleshooting Guide:.......................................................................................110
4.8. Sieving Machine........................................................................................................112

4.8.1. Safety Notes.........................................................................................................112
4.8.2. Specifications, Standard Details and Longevity..................................................112
4.9.3. Uses.....................................................................................................................113
4.8.4. Principles and Structure.......................................................................................113
4.8.5. Overall Dimensions and Main Parts....................................................................115
4.8.6. Installation...........................................................................................................117
4.8.7. Operation.............................................................................................................117
4.8.8. Maintenance and Inspection................................................................................117
4.8.9. Damage Handling Instructions............................................................................118
4.9. Roller Sieving Machine.............................................................................................120

4.9.1. Safety Notes.........................................................................................................120
4.9.2. Specification........................................................................................................120
4.9.3. Technical Parameter............................................................................................121
4.9.4. Principles and Structure......................................................................................122
4.9.5. Installation...........................................................................................................123
4.9.6. Operation.............................................................................................................123
4.10. Rice Dryer................................................................................................................124

4.10.1. Technical Specifications....................................................................................124
4.10.2. Application........................................................................................................125
4.10.3. The Principle of Operation and Structure of A Rice Dryer...............................125
4.10.4. Operation...........................................................................................................127
4.10.5. Damage Handling Instructions..........................................................................128
4.11. Grain Color Sorter..................................................................................................130

4.11.1. Specifications.....................................................................................................130
4.11.2. Major Applications............................................................................................131
4.11.3. Principles and Structure.....................................................................................131
4.11.4. Operation Adjustment........................................................................................133
4.11.5. Damage Handling Instructions..........................................................................134
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS..........................................136

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Ho Chi Minh City Food Joint Stock Company.............................................1
Figure 2. Saigon – Satake Food Factory.......................................................................2
Figure 3. Factory location diagram...............................................................................5
Figure 4. Factory personnel organization chart............................................................5
Figure 5. Specialized ruler for measuring plate and rice length..................................12
Figure 6. Specialized equipment for measuring rice moisture....................................13
Figure 7. Technological process of milling – polishing rice of the workshop............26
Figure 8. Dimension of cleaning machine..................................................................55
Figure 9. Parts of cleaning machine...........................................................................56
Figure 10. Structure of cleaning machine...................................................................59
Figure 11. The principle and structure of basic Grit separator DS60B.......................65
Figure 12. The main parts of cleaning machine PCV60.............................................66
Figure 13. The size cardboard him sorter Grit separator DS60B................................67
Figure 14. Structures of rice whitening machine........................................................77
Figure 15. Overall size of rice whitening machine.....................................................78
Figure 16. Main parts of rice whitening machine.......................................................79
Figure 17. Rice Polishing Machine............................................................................86
Figure 18. Dimensions of Rice Polishing Machine....................................................87
Figure 19. Parts of rice polishing machine.................................................................88
Figure 20. Diagram structure of Rice Polishing Machine...........................................91
Figure 21. System of Rice Polishing Machine...........................................................92
Figure 22. Cleaning system of rice polishing machine...............................................93
Figure 23. Control dashboard.....................................................................................94

Figure 24. Basic principle and structure of the PS80 rice separator machine...........105
Figure 25. Main components and overall dimensions of the PS80 rice separator
machine..................................................................................................................... 106
Figure 26. Structure of sieving machine...................................................................114
Figure 27. Overall dimensions of sieving machine...................................................115
Figure 28. Main parts of sieving machine................................................................116
Figure 29. Overall dimensions of roller sieving machine.........................................120
Figure 30. Main parts of roller sieving machine Feed pipe......................................121
Figure 31. Principle and structure of roller sieving machine....................................122
Figure 32. Operating information.............................................................................123
Figure 33. Installation of roller sieving machine......................................................124
Figure 34. The basic principle and structure of a hot air tower dryer.......................125
Figure 35. Arrangement of hot air and exhaust ducts in the dryer body...................127
Figure 36. Structure of grain color sorter.................................................................132
Figure 37. Overall dimension of grain color sorter...................................................133

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Chemical composition of paddy......................................................................9
Table 2. Distribution of glucid in each component of paddy......................................10
Table 3. Carbohydrate content in rice.........................................................................10
Table 4. The criteria used to assess the quality of rice................................................12
Table 5. Criteria for grading rice grade 1, grade 2......................................................14
Table 6. Raw material criteria for brown rice.............................................................15
Table 7. Indicators of raw materials of dried soda rice...............................................16
Table 8. Raw material criteria of white rice................................................................17
Table 9. Raw material criteria of white rice................................................................18
Table 10. Sensory indicators of finished white rice....................................................20
Table 11. Quality indicators of white rice...................................................................22
Table 12. Food safety indicators on heavy metals......................................................23
Table 13. Food safety indicators on mycotoxins.........................................................23
Table 14. Norms of rice milling..................................................................................25
Table 15. Input weigh data..........................................................................................27
Table 16. Cleaning machine data................................................................................28
Table 17. Cleaning gravity machine data....................................................................29
Table 18. Milling machine data..................................................................................29
Table 19. Rice polisher blower data............................................................................30
Table 20. Paddy separator data...................................................................................31
Table 21. Sieving machine data..................................................................................32
Table 22. Grain sorting machine data.........................................................................33
Table 23. Drying machine data...................................................................................34

Table 24. Grain color sorting machine data................................................................34
Table 25. Specifications of AWM60 input scale.........................................................38
Table 26. Instructions for maintenance and inspection of AWM60 input scale..........43
Table 27. Instructions for troubleshooting and damaging the AWM60 input scale.....45
Table 28. Basic parameters of AW500 scale...............................................................45
Table 29. Technical specifications of automatic scale AW500....................................47
Table 30. Some standard details of automatic scale AW500.......................................47
Table 31. Automatic weighing inspection and maintenance manualAW500..............53
Table 32. Instructions for handling damage................................................................55
Table 33. Technical parameters of cleaning machine..................................................57
Table 34. Standard details of cleaning machine..........................................................57
Table 35. Longevity of cleaning machine...................................................................58
Table 36. Damage handling instructions.....................................................................62
Table 37. Some details of the standard separation hotels DS60B...............................63
Table 38. Longevity of grit sparator...........................................................................64
Table 39. Annotate the division's main Grit separator DS60B....................................66
Table 40. Guide treatment the neck and damaged cleaning machine PC....................71
Table 41. Type of model of Rice Whitening Machine................................................72
Table 42. Technical parameter of whitening machine.................................................73
Table 43. Standard details of whitening machine.......................................................75
Table 44. Standard details of whitening machine.......................................................75
Table 45. Installation parameters of whitening machine.............................................80
Table 46. Stone characters..........................................................................................81
Table 47. Instruction for solving damages of rice whitening machine........................85
Table 48. Data of Rice Polishing Machine.................................................................89

Table 49. Details of main parts of Rice Polishing Machine........................................89
Table 50. Longevity of main parts of rice polishing machine.....................................90
Table 51. Quantity details...........................................................................................90
Table 52. Maintenance times of some parts..............................................................100
Table 53. Instruction of solving problem..................................................................101
Table 54. Technical specifications of some rice separator machines, PS80 model used
in the premium rice processing workshop of Tan Tuc...............................................103
Table 55. Some standard details of the PS80 rice separator machine.......................103
Table 56. Lifespan of some wearing parts of the PS80 rice separator machine........104
Table 57. Troubleshooting guide for issues and malfunctions of the PS80 rice
separator machine......................................................................................................111
Table 58. Equipment information of sieving machine..............................................112
Table 59. Standard details and longevity..................................................................113
Table 60. Instructions for troubleshooting and damage of the sieving machine........119
Table 61. Roller sieving machine information..........................................................121
Table 62. Dryer troubleshooting and damage guide..................................................130
Table 63. Specifications of grain color sorter...........................................................130
Table 64. Instructions for troubleshooting and damage of grain color sorter............135
HCMC University of Technology Department of Oil and Gas Process Engineering
CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF SAIGON FOOD FACTORY - SATAKE
1.1. Overview
Saigon Satake Food Enterprise is a branch under Ho Chi Minh City Food Joint Stock
Company according to Decision No. 43/QD-LT-BOD dated 01/9/2016 of the Board of
Directors of the Company. Rice production and trading enterprise, serving the needs of export
and domestic consumption.
The scope of activities includes processing and trading products from paddy and rice, cargo
handling, port rental, and more.
 For the domestic market: purchase and sale relations with individuals, enterprises, and
other economic sectors in accordance with the provisions of law.
 For foreign markets: supply products according to export contracts signed by
managing agencies.
Figure 1. Ho Chi Minh City Food Joint Stock Company
1
Figure 2. Saigon – Satake Food Factory
1.2. History of Establishment and Development
1.2.1. History
After the complete liberation of the South, meeting the food needs of the people of Ho Chi
Minh City has great economic, political, and social significance. In the 1978-1980 period,
due to border wars and natural disasters, combined with the centralized subsidy management
mechanism, stifled development, threatening the food shortage of the people of Ho Chi Minh
City.
In order to solve the above situations, the Ho Chi Minh City People's Committee decided to
establish Ho Chi Minh City Food Company and the Company has applied material
stimulation measures in purchasing, transporting, preserving, milling and processing, so the
quality of rice is increasingly improved.
During this period, the city applied a uniform single-price food trading regime, so it limited
the situation of creating virtual demand to increase selling prices and within half a year, saved
135,000 tons of rice, contributing to market stability.
On May 8th 1989, the city signed a decision to establish Saigon Satake Rice Milling
Enterprise located on Huong Highway 8 (now Nguyen Huu Tri Street), Tan Tuc Commune
2
(now Tan Tuc Town), Binh Chanh District, Ho Chi Minh City with a milling – milling –
polishing line with a capacity of 200 tons per day according to Japanese technology.
Through many years of development, the factory has now changed its name to Saigon Satake
Food Enterprise, which is a subsidiary of Ho Chi Minh City Food Joint Stock Company.
1.2.2. Operation and Development Situation
From 1989 to 1993, operating with a capacity of 600 tons 1 day and night, the main raw
materials were rice, exported rice, rice for domestic consumption.
From 1993 to 2018, raw materials include rice and rice factories belonging to the Southern
Food Corporation.
From 2019 until now, the factory stopped operating at Satake workshop, the main raw
materials are rice, products are high quality rice for domestic service and export.
In 01/2000, the enterprise merged with Cuu Long 1 and Cuu Long 2 enterprises.
The main functions of the factory are trading, processing and milling rice at export and
domestic rates, leasing premises,...
1.3. Location and Workshop
Saigon Satake Food Enterprise, a branch of Ho Chi Minh City Food Joint Stock Company, is
situated close to Saigon Trade Port in the southern part of the city. Between the factory and
the places where raw rice is purchased (mostly from the western provinces), the typical
transportation distance is between 100 and 150 kilometers. Additionally, it is typically
roughly 20 kilometers between the manufacturing and Saigon Port. Such a short distance
makes it so easy to ship goods to HCMC's domestic marketplaces and distribute them there.
The branch has 2 workshops that were constructed very closely together. Both are situated in
Tan Tuc commune, Binh Chanh District, HCMC, on Highway 1A. Tan Tuc's rice processing
facility is smaller and less productive than Saigon Satake's main factory.
3
1.3.1. Factory of Satake Saigon Food
The 1988-built Saigon Satake facility is situated at 9 Nguyen Huu Tri, Tan Tuc Commune,
Binh Chanh District, HCMC, and has 16 silos with a capacity of up to 25,000 tons and a
storage space of up to 6794m2.
Production capacity: Two lines for milling and polishing rice are included. The capacity of
one of them is 10 tons of rice per hour, while the capacity of the other is 5 tons of rice per
hour. Additionally, this facility contains two optical sorters and a drying tower with the
capacity to reduce the moisture in rice by around 1.5%.
1.3.2. Tan Tuc Rice Processing Factory
The Tan Tuc Rice Processing Factory, which opened in 2011, is situated at 3/6 Nguyen Huu
Tri, Tan Tuc Commune, Binh Chanh District, HCMC. It has a storage area of 1223 m 2, a
capacity of 1500 tons, including warehouses that adhere to HACCP standards, and a total
carrying capacity of 1500 tons.
Production capacity: 1 rice milling and polishing plant, installed in 2011, with an hourly
capacity of 8–12 tons of rice. Sifting equipment, grain picking equipment, drying towers,
optical sorters, and packing systems with weighing and pressing equipment are also available.
One of them is a weighing apparatus imported from Japan that has a pressing machine built in
and requires no manual operation. However, because the machines' productivity is not
consistent, the plant only.
4
1.4. Factory Floor Plan
Figure 3. Factory location diagram
1.5. Organizational Chart and Personnel Layout
Figure 4. Factory personnel organization chart
5
1.6. Waste Treatment and Hygiene
1.6.1. Waste Treatment
 Waste water: Mainly domestic wastewater and water for machine cleaning so it is not
significantly polluting, which can be discharged directly through sewer system.
 Emissions: Currently, the factory only conducts the drying process by electricity, so
there is no toxic gas. Therefore, emissions can be safely evacuated by exhaust
systems.
 Industrial dust: Mostly is bran in powder form, which is treated by storing in its
deposit chamber.
1.6.2. Hygiene
Quite well implemented industrial hygiene regime in the production process
 Sanitize each production batch

 Clean every day
1.7. Occupational SAFETY AND FIRE PREVENTION
1.7.1. Occupational Safety
 Always follow these regulations:

 Operators must understand and follow the safety notes before operating the machines.
 Be cautious while interacting with or working near moving parts and high position
parts.
 Always seriously follow occupational safety and technical safety guidance.
 Before operating, check whether equipment is damaged. If there is any damage, it
must be reported to the director and security department. No one should approach the
damaged machines without permission.
 Each machine must have a file that informs parameters, process and regulations of
that machine.
 Ensure that the feeding and loading process is done properly so that the machines will
not be overloaded.
 Pay attention to unusual sounds or the caution signals from the machines to prevent
accidents.
 Maintain devices and equipment frequently.
6
1.7.2. Fire and Explosion Prevention
It is essential to install an approachable and widespread water pipe system in the factory.
Cause of the dire hazard:
 Electrical accident.
 Violation of the fire prevention rules.
To prevent flame accident and hazard:
 Proposing specific fire prevention rules for each area and process.
 Learn and apply the guidelines recommended by The Department of Fire Prevention
and Fighting.
7
CHAPTER 2: TECHNOLOGY TRANSMISSION
2.1. Material and Quality of The Materials
2.1.1. Overview of Characteristics’ Materials
2.1.1.1 Introduction to rice plant
Rice is one of the world's five major food crops, along with corn (Zea Mays L., another
name: maize), wheat (Triticum sp, another name: buckwheat), cassava (Manihot esculenta
Crantz, another name. : tapioca) and potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.). Rice is a species of
plant belonging to a group of domesticated grasses. In one year, rice can be 1 - 1.8 m tall,
sometimes taller, with thin, narrow leaves (about 2-2.5 cm) and 50–100 cm long. Roots
cluster, can be 2–3 m long/plant during flowering. Rice leaves have different colors
depending on the growth and development period. When the rice is ripe, it turns yellow. The
small, milky white, self-pollinating flowers grow in curving or drooping branched
inflorescences, 35–50 cm long. The seed is a rice fruit (small, hard seed of cereal crops) 5–12
mm long and 1–2 mm thick. Young rice plants are called seedlings.
Rice husk: the hard shell of the rice grain that is wrapped around the outside of the rice grain
and is the protective organ of the inner parts of the rice grain (accounting for about 20-21%
of the weight of the rice grain. The top of the husk has a beard.
Embryo: located under the seed belly, this is the part that will later develop into the
embryonic germ and embryo root. This part has a very small weight, insignificant compared
to the mass of the whole grain.
Endosperm (rice grain): made up mainly of starch, sugar, protein and fat - it is the food store
for embryos and starch content accounts for 80% of the rice grain, leaving about 20 % are
other substances.
Located inside the husk and surrounding the endosperm are the pods (epidermis), the silk
skin, and the Aleutian layer.
8
2.1.1.2. The composition of rice
 Rice Husk
The husk is the hard, inedible outer protective layer. The husk is removed when the seeds are
milled. In addition to protecting the rice during the growing season, the husks can later be
used as fertilizer, insulation or fuel.
 Rice bran
The thin skin underneath the husk is the bran and germ layer. This layer gives brown rice its
color. The bran is mainly composed of fiber, Vitamin B complex, protein and fat, and is the
most nutritious part of the rice grain. White rice is a form of brown rice that has had the bran
and germ removed.
 Endosperm
The endosperm is the inner part of the rice grain, hard and white, composed mainly of starch.
Rice starch consists mainly of two types of starch, amylose and amylopectin. The exact mix
of these determines the cooking texture of the rice.
2.1.1.3. Chemical Composition of Rice
- Chemical composition per 100g of rice:
Component Rice Component Rice Component Rice
Calcium (mg) 68 Phosphorus (mg) 285 Vitamin B1 (g) 0.33
Copper (mg) 0.3 Iron (mg) 1.2 Vitamin B2 (g) 0.09
Potassium (mg) 340 Lipid (g) 1.3-2.1 Vitamin PP (g) 4.9
Zinc (mg) 2.2 Protein (g) 7.5-10 Vitamin B3 (g) 1.2
Manganese (mg) 6 Carbohydrates (g) 73-75 Vitamin B6 (g) 0.79
Magnesium (mg) 90 Cellulose (g) 0.9 Energy (kcal) 360
Table 1. Chemical composition of paddy
Carbohydrates are the main nutritional component of rice, accounting for about 70-80% of
the total weight. The amount of carbohydrates in rice can be evaluated by its color, with
9
whiter rice having higher carbohydrate content. The main carbohydrate in rice is starch, while
small amount of monosaccharides and disaccharides are present in the rice grain's bran.
Component names Starch (%) Sugar (%) Cellulose (%)
Whole grain 59 4.34 2.76
Endosperm 79.56 3.54 0.15
Embryo Little 25.12 2.46
Bran and aleurone layer Very little 4.18 16.20
Table 2. Distribution of glucid in each component of paddy
Among the rice components, starch is primarily concentrated in the endosperm and embryo.
The aleurone layer contains only a small amount of sugars (6-8%) and cellulose (7-10%).
Component Minimum Maximum Average
Starch 47.7 68 56.2
Cellulose 8.74 12.22 9.41
Sugar 0.2 4.5 3.2
Dextrin 0.8 3.2 1.3
Table 3. Carbohydrate content in rice
Rice starch is a complex type of starch with small particle size (smallest among starches from
other cereal grains).
Amylose and amylopectin make up the rice starch:
- Waxy rice starch: 17% amylose and 83% amylopectin.

- Glutinous rice starch: 100% amylopectin.
Rice contains different types of sugars, including glucose, sucrose, fructose, and raffinose.
Maltose is also present, primarily in germinated rice grains.
10
The larger the grain, the higher the starch content and the lower the cellulose fiber content,
and vice versa. The gelatinization temperature of rice starch is 68-78°C.
2.1.2. Quality Criteria of Raw Materials
2.1.2.1. Main and Auxiliary Ingredients
The main ingredient is primarily high-quality export rice. Depending on customer

requirements, different types of rice are produced, ranging from 5-25% broken grains. There
are various types of rice, including:
- Very long grain rice: L > 7mm.

- Long grain rice: L=6-7mm,
- Short-grain rice: L= 6mm.
- Brown rice.
Rice can be classified based on the degree of milling:
- Parboiled rice.
- Brown rice.
- Glutinous rice.
- White rice.
Auxiliary Ingredients
They include bran and husk. Among them, two common types of bran are coarse bran and
fine bran. By-products of the rice processing include rice bran.
11
2.1.2.2. Quality Testing Methods
Both the quality of raw materials and finished products are evaluated based on the following
criteria:
Intact grains Red striped beads and red beads
Texture grains Total impurities
Smooth texture grains Mixed rice
Silver bran grains Humidity
Golden grains Ground rice and glutinous rice
Spoiled and young green seeds
Table 4. The criteria used to assess the quality of rice
The Quality Control Department (QCD) will conduct inspections of various factors according
to customer requirements to ensure product quality. Specific regulations regarding sheet size,
percentage of whole grains, and percentage of broken grains will vary depending on the type
of rice, ranging from 5% to 25% for sheet size. In case the sheet percentage exceeds or does
not meet the allowed limit, we will adjust the blending ratio through the control system. Rice
samples will be collected using a cross-sectional method.
Figure 5. Specialized ruler for measuring plate and rice length
12
To measure the moisture content of rice, a moisture meter is used, and the measurement
process is typically performed around 9 times to reduce errors. A permissible error of around
2% is accepted. The moisture content of finished rice is usually around 14.5%. If the moisture
content is higher than this level, a drying process, such as air drying, is conducted to reduce
the moisture content.
Figure 6. Specialized equipment for measuring rice moisture
2.1.2.3. Other quality indicators for raw materials
To ensure quality, the moisture content of rice raw material should be within the range of
14.8% - 15%. However, the moisture content can vary depending on the season of the year:
- In the Winter-Spring crop, rice can have a moisture content fluctuating between
16% to 18%.
- In the Summer-Autumn crop, rice can have a moisture content ranging from 18%
to 20%.
For rice drying equipment, the drying temperature is required to be within the range of 50 to
60 degrees Celsius, typically set at 55 degrees Celsius. For rice in the Winter-Spring crop,
only one round of drying is needed, while for rice in the Summer-Autumn crop, two rounds
of drying are required.
Depending on the storage period before milling, the required moisture content of rice grains
will differ. The optimal moisture content of rice grains after drying is 14.5%. However, due to
high energy costs, sometimes the moisture content after drying may still be around 15-16%.
During storage, a combination of natural ventilation is used to prevent the rice grains from
overheating and to ensure there is no deformation of the grains.
13
No. Criteria Unit TYPE 1 TYPE 2
1 Humidity (max.) % 15 - 15.5 15 - 16
2 Impurities (max.) % 2.5 3
3 Clean flip (min.) % 79 78
4 Dirty flip (min.) % 77 75.7
5 Grains fracture (max.) % 8 15
Quality (max.)
Belly silver seeds % 7 10
Young green seeds % 5 7
Gold Beads % 0.5 1.5

6
Red seeds % 4 8
Damaged seeds % 2.5 5
Table 5. Criteria for grading rice grade 1, grade 2
To determine the degree of whiteness of different types of raw rice, establishing precise
criteria based on the percentage of bran removed is challenging. Therefore, four predefined
levels are applied for the four types of raw rice based on the extent of bran removal.
14
2.1.2.3.1. Raw material criteria for brown rice
Brown rice has a bran peeling level of about 0% - 2.5%
No. Criteria Unit 10% 15% 20% 25%
1 Humidity % 15 - 16 15 - 16 15 - 16 15 - 16
2 Impurities (max) % 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5
3 Plate % 10 15 20 25
4 Rice grain (max) Seed/kg 150 150 200 200
5 Whole (min) % 70 65 60 60
6 Cracked grain (min) % 6 7 8 8
Maximum quality
Belly silver seeds % 7 8 9 10
Red seeds % 4 6 7 8
Gold Beads % 0.7 1 1.2 1.5

7
Young green seeds % 4 4.5 5 5.5
Damaged seeds % 2.5 3 3.5 3.5
Table 6. Raw material criteria for brown rice
15
2.1.2.3.2. Specifications of raw rice ingredients
Soy rice has a bran level of about 2.5% - 5.5%, this type of raw rice when processed will go
through a milling machine and a polishing machine.
No. Criteria Unit 10% 15% 20% 25%
1 Humidity % 15 - 16 15 - 16 15 - 16 15 - 16
2 Impurities (max) % 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5
3 Plate % 10 15 20 25
4 Rice grain (max) Seed/kg 150 150 200 200
5 Whole (min) % 70 65 60 60
6 Cracked grain (min) % 6 7 8 8
Maximum quality
Belly silver seeds % 7 8 9 10
Red seeds % 4 6 7 8
Gold Beads % 0.7 1 1.2 1.5

7
Young green seeds % 4 4.5 5 5.5
Damaged seeds % 2.5 3 3.5 3.5
Table 7. Indicators of raw materials of dried soda rice
16
2.1.2.3.3. Raw material criteria of white rice
White rice has a bran level of about 5.5% - 8%, when processed, this type of rice will go
through a white milling machine and a polishing machine.
No. Criteria Unit 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
14.5 - 14.5- 14.5- 14.5- 14.5-

1 Humidity %
15.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.5
2 Impurities (max) % 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5
3 Plate % 5 10 15 20 25
4 Rice grain (max) Seed/kg 60 60 70 80 80
5 Whole (min) % 65 60 55 50 50
6 Cracked grain (min) % 2.5 3 3 4 4
Maximum quality
Belly silver seeds % 7 7 8 9 10
Red seeds % 3 4 5.5 6.5 7
Gold Beads % 0.5 0.7 0.8 1 1.2

7
Young green seeds % 2 2.5 2.5 3 3.5
Damaged seeds % 1.5 1.5 2 2.5 3
Table 8. Raw material criteria of white rice
17
2.1.2.3.4. Raw material criteria of white rice
White rice has a bran level of about 8% - 10%, this type of rice is only processed through a
polishing machine.
No
Criteria Unit 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
.
14.5 - 14.5- 14.5- 14.5- 14.5-

1 Humidity %
15.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.5
2 Impurities (max) % 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5
3 Plate % 5 10 15 20 25
4 Rice grain (max) Seed/kg 50 60 70 70 70
5 Whole (min) % 65 60 55 50 50
Cracked grain
6 % 2.5 3 3 4 4
(min)
Maximum quality
Belly silver seeds % 7 7 8 9 10
Red seeds % 2 3 5 6 7
Gold Beads % 0.5 0.7 0.8 1 1.2

7
Young green
% 1.5 2 2 2.5 3
seeds
Damaged seeds % 1 1.5 2 2 2.5
Table 9. Raw material criteria of white rice
All rice bags imported are sampled and compared to the sample provided by the seller. If the
rice grains do not meet the quality criteria set by the Quality Control Department (QCD), the
information will be reported back to the sales department for a revaluation of the pricing.
18
2.2. Energy Use and Production Support Amenities
2.2.1. Electricity
The amount of electricity of the enterprise is calculated per unit of raw materials produced.
On average, to produce one ton of brown rice into finished rice, 22-36 kW/h is required.
Small power standby generator 30kW, just room to transfer raw materials into silos.
The machine is capable of continuous operation (24h/24h). However, it is common to avoid

the time frame of 6:00 P.M – 10:00 P.M because at this time the price of electricity will be
very high, so it is used to make shift time.
2.2.2. Water
Water is mainly used for domestic purposes, machine cleaning and rice polishing.
The supply is tap water from Cho Lon water plants.
2.2.3. Compressed Air
Compressed air is used to supply the air-cylinder and combines with water to polish rice. The
compressor has a pressure of 7-12kg/m2. When put into a polishing machine that is decolored,
deodorized with special equipment is cleaned after each production batch.
2.3. Products and Product Indicators
2.3.1. Product
Products of the workshop:
 Main products: rice, mainly exporting high quality rice. Depending on the customer's
order, the workshop provides different types of rice.
 By-products: plate, bran.
White rice is classified into the quality grades mentioned in Table 2 and as follows:
 100% Class A
 100% Class B
 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%
19
2.3.2. Product indicators
Here are some indicators of finished white rice according to TCVN 11888: 2017
2.3.2.1.Organoleptic indicators of white rice
White rice organoleptic indicators are specified in table 1
Indicator name Request
1.Color White color is characteristic for each breed
The smell is specific for each variety, there is no smell,

2.Smell, taste
strange taste
3.Live insects visible to the

Must not have
naked eye
Table 10. Sensory indicators of finished white rice
20
2.3.2.2. Quality indicators of white rice
The scale of
The composition of
grain by Other nuts, % mass <
grain, % mass Imp
length, % mass
uri- Grain,
Red Humi-
Rice Rice ties, grains Rubbing
Long Short stripped Gluti dity %
group class Chalk Spoile Young % per kg level
seeds, seeds, Whole Small Red seeds + Gold -nous mass <
Plate silver d green mass <
L>7,0 L<6,0 seeds plates seeds lying seeds rice
seeds seeds seeds <
mm mm rubbing seeds
seeds
100
% Very
≥ 10 ≤ 10  60  4a ≤ 0,1 0 0,25 0,2 3,0 0,25 1,0 0 0,05 3 14,0
type thorough
A
100
%  Very
≥ 10 ≤ 10 ≥ 60 a ≤ 0,1 0 0,5 0,2 5,0 0,5 1,0 0 0,05 4 14,0
Long type 4,5 thorough
grain B
rice 5% ≥5 ≤ 15 ≥ 60 ≤ 7b ≤ 0,2 2,0 0,5 6,0 1,0 1,5 0,2 0,1 5 14,0 Thorough
c
10 % ≥5 ≤ 15 ≥ 55 ≤ 12 ≤ 0,3 2,0 1,0 7,0 1,25 1,5 0,2 0,2 5 14,0 Thorough
≤
15 % - < 30 ≥ 50 d ≤ 0,5 5,0 1,25 7,0 1,5 2,0 0,3 0,2 7 14,0 Medium
17
20 % - < 50 ≥ 45 ≤ 22e ≤ 1,0 5,0 1,25 7,0 2,0 2,0 0,5 0,3 7 14,5 Medium
25 % - < 50 ≥ 40 ≤ 27 f ≤ 2,0 7,0 1,5 8,0 2,0 2,0 1,0 0,5 10 14,5 Normal
b
5% - > 75 ≥ 60 ≤7 ≤ 0,2 2,0 0,5 6,0 1,0 1,5 0,2 0,1 5 14,0 Thorough
c
Short 10 % - > 75 ≥ 55 ≤ 12 ≤ 0,3 2,0 1,0 7,0 1,25 1,5 0,2 0,2 5 14,0 Thorough
grain ≤
rice 15 % - > 70 ≥ 50 ≤ 0,5 5,0 1,25 7,0 1,5 2,0 0,3 0,2 7 14,0 Medium
17d
20 % - > 70 ≥ 45 ≤ 22e ≤ 1,0 5,0 1,25 7,0 2,0 2,0 0,5 0,3 7 14,5 Medium
21
25 % - > 70 ≥ 40 ≤ 27 f ≤ 2,0 7,0 1,5 8,0 2,0 2,0 1,0 0,5 10 14,5 Normal
Table 11. Quality indicators of white rice
22
2.3.2.3. Indicators of food safety
Food additives: Use according to current regulations.
Pesticides: White rice must not have pesticide residues banned from use under current
regulations. The maximum limit of pesticide residues allowed in white rice according to current
regulations.
 Heavy metals
The maximum heavy metal content in white rice is specified in table 3:
1. Cadmium content, mg/kg 0,4
2. Arsenic content, mg/kg 1,0
3. Lead content, mg/kg 0,2
Table 12. Food safety indicators on heavy metals
 Fungal mycotoxins
The content of fungal mycotoxins in white rice is prescribed in table 4:
1. Aflatoxin B1 content, g/kg 5
2. Total aflatoxin content, g/kg 10
Table 13. Food safety indicators on mycotoxins
23
2.3.2.4. Labeling indicators
 Packaging for retail
In addition to the provisions in TCVN 7087: 2013 (Codex Stan 1-1985, with amendment 2010),
the following information is required:
 The product name must clearly state white rice

 Volume calculation
 Name and address of the manufacturer, packer or retailer
 Origin of goods
 Quality group/type/class
 Date of manufacture or packaging date
 Expiry date
 Storage instructions
 Non-retail packaging
Information for non-retail packaging must be indicated on the package or in accompanying

documentation, identification of the shipment, and the name and address of the manufacturer or
packer must be shown on the package. However, shipment identification, the name and address
of the manufacturer or packer can be replaced by a clear identification mark with accompanying
documents.
2.3.2.5. Preservation indicators
Store white rice in storage in bagged form on the platform or stored in silos, not stored in loose
form on the warehouse floor.
The storage warehouse must be tight, avoiding the penetration of insects and harmful animals.
Warehouse roofs, floors and walls ensure waterproofing and moisture resistance.
Before storing rice, the warehouse must be cleaned and cleaned; Floors, warehouse walls and
platforms must be disinfected with chemicals permitted for use according to current regulations.
24
The rice batch is stowed at least 0.5 m from the wall. The distance between the two batches is at
least 1 m to facilitate travel for inspection, sampling and handling.
Bags of rice are arranged in batches, each lot does not exceed 300 tons. In each batch, rice is
ranked according to the same quality class, the same type of packaging, not higher than 15
layers. The batch of rice is lined up, perpendicular to the warehouse floor so as not to spill
Regularly clean the warehouse, clean shipments, the environment around the warehouse; Do not
allow water to stagnate around the shed.
2.3.2.6. Shipping norms
Means of transportation of white rice must ensure the quality of the product. Do not transport
white rice mixed with other goods that may affect the quality of the rice.
2.3.2.7. Norms of rice milling
The proportion of lying rice grains included in the rice sample is the number of lying milled rice
grains counted. Take the arithmetic average of the three analysis results and round to the unit
row. Compare the results obtained with table B.1 to assess the rubbing level of rice:
Rubbing level The proportion of rice grains rubbed, % is not greater
Very thorough 0
Digital 15
Moderate 25
Normal 40
Table 14. Norms of rice milling
25
CHAPTER 3: TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS
3.1. Technological Process
26
Figure 7. Technological process of milling – polishing rice of the workshop
3.2. Stages Of Production Process
3.2.1. Input Weighing Stage
Purpose: To control the mass of input material and the loss of product as soon as grain rice is
completely proceeded.
Principle: Raw material sacks are transferred by conveyor to weighting area, where an employee
weighs a number of random sacks and continues to tank container. Sacks that have been pre-cut
are passed to workers to pour into the input area, and rice is transported by a particular
equipment to the storage tank.
Equipment:
Model AWM60
Conveyor scale 800 – 1500 kg/batch
Capacity 30 – 60 tons/hour
Total size 1894 x 2194 x 2055 mm
Weight 850 kg
Table 15. Input weigh data
3.2.2. Cleaning Stage Based On Volume
Purpose: The input material is cleaned by removing dust, metal things, larger and smaller
impurities than grain rice.
Principle: In the input pipe, rice is removed dust thanks to the exhausted fan before falling and
spreading on the above sieve based on the motion of an equipment. The distribution box includes
two steep sieves, the first one has magnets to keep metals and larger impurities, while the lower
27
sieve has smaller holes to remove small impurities. The cleaned grain rice remaining in the
second sieve is directed to the following process.
Equipment:
Model PCV60
Capacity 6 tons/hour
Power 0.75 kW
Main rotation 1450 rpm
Weight 330 kg
Table 16. Cleaning machine data
3.2.3. Gravity Cleaning Stage
Purpose: After preliminary cleaning at the previous stage, material is carefully screened grit
which have similar size with grain rice and remaining impurities out.
Principle: The equipment distributes feed stream following by weight of each material.
Throughout the process, the cleaner vibrates while the exhausted fan supplies an air flow through
the holes of the sieve, rice with light weight is up and down following the steep of sieve.
Whereas grit and rock are not affected by fan, it fall down the other side since the ineria motion
of equipment. The force of fan also let dust out of material.
28
Equipment:
Model DS60
Capacity 4-6 tons/hour
Power 2,2 kW
Main rotation 450 rpm
Table 17. Cleaning gravity machine data
3.2.4. Rice Milling Stage
Purpose: To remove the bran layer and husks of rice.
Principle: The machine works on the cone principle. Rice fall from the top of the machine,
sliding into the gap between the stone and the rubber bar. Rice is milled by the interaction force
between the grinding stone - rice - rubber bar, so that the rice husk and rice bran are separated,
draining through the mesh hole to the rice bran chamber. The finished rice falls to the bottom
along the rice tray to the next stage.
Equipment:
Model RW80
Capacity 6-8 tấn/giờ
Power (900 rpm) 55/75 kUW
Main rotation 260 vòng/phút
29
Weight 3450 kg
Total size (D x R x C) 2320 x 1160 x 2950 mm
Table 18. Milling machine data
3.2.5. Rice Polishing Stage
Purpose: to peel off the bran layer clinging on the surface of rice grains after being whitened, for
the purpose of increasing whiteness and creating gloss for rice and to meet required standards.
Principle: The machine is designed based on the friction between the rice and the parts in the
milling chamber combined with water sprayed in the form of mist to peel off the bran layer on
the surface of the rice grain and create a gloss for the rice grain.
Equipment:
RP60
Models
RP80
6-7
Productivity (tons/hour)
8-9
Number of spindle revolutions (rpm) 780
Polish 110/132
Power
Steam pump 1.5
(3 phases - 380V – 1450
Bran exhaust fan 11/15
rpm)
Water pump 0.75
2450x980x2800
Overall size (LxWxH) (mm)
2450x1050x2850
Machine weight (kg) 1550

30
1950
Table 19. Rice polisher blower data
3.2.6. Paddy Separating Stage
Purpose: In milling process, not all grains are milled at the same time. The milling efficiency
usually ranges from 70-90%. So, the mixture after peeling is a mixture of brown rice and paddy.
Depending on the requirements from customer - the grain amount exists in each 1kg rice, to
satisfy the above needs, the paddy separator is indispensable equipment in the rice production
line.
Principle: The machine is composed of many sieves with the same module combined to form
two parallel and symmetrical sieve boxes through the main axis. Two sieve boxes slide onto the
supporting wheels to minimize friction during working. The machine works from the handwheel
drive — the eccentric cam. The sub-screens separate at the rice mixture to minimize the amount
of rice and paddy separated. Raw materials are separated into 3 types: Rice is circulated back to
the mill to separate the husk (in the Tan Tuc high-class rice processing workshop, there is no
grinder). The rice-rice mixture is circulated back to the sieving machine. Brown rice is returned
to the mill.
Equipment:
Models PS80
Productivity (tons/hour) 8÷9
Power (kW) 3
Number of spindle rotations

260280
(rpm)
31
Overall size (mm) 1956x2100x2800
Table 20. Paddy separator data
3.2.7. Sieving Stage
Purpose: To separate then classify the input load for specific properties.
Principle: During operation, the input mixture – which needs to be separated, is evenly
distributed on the sieve trays. In regard to the rotating motion of sieve box, grains move non-stop
on the sieves surface and gradually descend in spiral direction due to inclination of the sieves.
During the movement, the particles larger than mesh holes are retained and separated; while the
particles smaller than mesh holes will pass through the mesh, fall to the bottom of the sieve box,
and be separated.
Equipment:
Models RS-60
Productivity (tons/hour) 6
Capacity 1.5 kW – 940 rpm
Number of spindle rotations

140
(rpm)
Table 21. Sieving machine data

32
3.2.8. Grain Sorting Stage
Purpose: To grain according to particle size.
Principle: Input material will be fed into the rotary tube then broken rice will be raised by
concave holes on the tube to a certain height. Broken rice will falls into broken rice trough and
brought out by the broken rice loading screw. The remaining whole rice that does not reach the
previous height, goes out along the inclination of the tube.
Equipment:
Models LG6A
Productivity (tons/hour) 4–5
Power (kW) 1.5
Number of spindle rotations (rpm) 38 – 43
Table 22. Grain sorting machine data
3.2.9. Drying Stage
Purpose: To reduce the moisture content of rice grains after the polishing stage, minimize the
presence of free water in the grains, and preserve the necessary moisture level of rice grains
according to TCVN 11888:2017 standard for white rice.
Principle: Rice will be measured the initial moisture content and subsequently dried until the
moisture content is not more than 14-14.5%, depending on the type of rice being processed.
Equipment:
33
Drying model LDR20E Furnace gas RC 1115GEM
Capacity 20 tons Burner FGA-8
Flow rate 25 tons/h Fuel Diesel oil
Drying time 30 – 60 min Amount of fuel used 40 – 115 L/h
Drying agent temperature (hot air) 50 – 65 °C Static pressure 160 mmH2O
Air blower LLA#8-4
Total machine weight (excluding fan and combustion chamber) 9.4 tons
Rotary valves 0.2 kW
Combustion chamber 2.2 kW

Power consumption
Air blower 45 kW
Conveyor screw 2.2 kW
Table 23. Drying machine data
3.2.10. Grain Color Separation Stage
Purpose: Classify and remove colored rice and paddy in white rice.
Operating principle:
 Sorting colored grain in milled rice.

 Sorting chalky grain in milled rice.
 Sorting non-glutinous rice in glutinous rice
Device used:
Model GS 5880 AIS
34
Max. Capacity 6.0 tons/hour
Power source AC 200 V ±10% single phase
Rated Required power (Including heater)

Required power (Including heater)
Max. 3.8 kW
Máy nén Required air volume

Required air volume
Máy hút
12 m3/min (0.75 kW)
bụi
Net weight 650 kg
Table 24. Grain color sorting machine data
3.2.11. Packaging, Storage, Preservation, and Transportation Stage
Purpose: to package the final rice product, transport and preserve it in the storage warehouse
until it is shipped to the intended destination as per the placed order.
Principle:
- Package: After completing the color separation stage, the finished rice will be
conveyed to the bagging scale and packaged into standard size bags of 25 kg, 50 kg,
etc.
- Storage: The packaged rice, after undergoing thorough quality checks, will be directly
transported to the storage warehouse.
- Preservation:
The rice storage warehouse must adhere to certain these standards:
 The warehouse roof should not leak or collapse during storms.

 The floor and walls must be constructed from waterproof and sturdy materials.
 The warehouse should be spacious, dry, and well-ventilated.
 All necessary precautions should be taken to prevent damage caused by insects, rodents,
and other animal.
Prior to storing the rice in the warehouse, it is important to ensure that the walls, floor, and
shelves are thoroughly cleaned. The storage area must then be disinfected with specialized
35
chemicals that have been approved by regulatory agencies. Wooden platforms that are 0.3 – 0.4
mm thick and have been sterilized should be used to cover the storage area and divided into
many separate lots. To protect the rice packages from damage, mats or tarps should be placed on
top of the wooden platforms. The rice bags must be placed at least 0.5 – 0.8 meters away from
the walls, and there must be a minimum distance of 1 meter between two lots of rice to allow for
inspection, sampling, and handling.
The moisture content of the stored rice must not exceed 14 – 14.5%, depending on the type of
rice. If the moisture content is higher than the standard, the rice should be stored separately for
temporary preservation until it can be processed or consumed immediately.
Each warehouse must have its own note card that provides various essential information:
 Warehouse and lot number

 Rice weight
 Rice type
 Date of entry intoi the warehousing
The rice bags must be periodically inspected every 3-5 days, and the results recorded in the
monitoring book, including changes in quality and insect density.
Transportation:
 Vehicles: boats, ships, and specialized trucks.

 Transportation vehicles must be dry, clean, odor-free, free from hazardous chemicals,
and must be waterproof and fire-resistant.
 The transportation vehicles must have a roof or any covered things to protect the rice
from direct exposure to rain and sunlight.
 When loading rice onto the transportation vehicles, no tools that may damage the bags
should be used.
36
37
CHAPTER 4: EQUIPMENT
4.1. Data Entry Scale
4.1.1. Safety Considerations:
The place to be installed must be dry, cool. Do not install the scale where it is too hot (>50oC) or
too cold (<5oC) or where there is a sudden change in temperature. Do not place the scales
directly in the sun, where there is too much dust.
Do not be placed near interfering devices: televisions, computers, welding machines,...

otherwise, the scale may not work correctly.
Do not apply a strong impact to the scale, especially the weighing tank because it may cause
damage to the loadcell. When it is necessary to move the scale elsewhere, the weighing tank
must be removed from the loadcell, securing the weighing box to the frame with attached
plasters.
Do not arbitrarily adjust the throttle valve on the steam cylinder and the control electrical part
inside the scale, except for the oil injection voltage stabilizer.
The power should not be turned off by interrupting the external power supply but must be turned
off from the POWER button on the screen first.
Never wet the balance in any way: do not wipe with water or chemicals (gasoline, oil,...),
especially the loadcells and scales, only air guns or dry rags.
38
4.1.2. Specification
Type AWM60
Weight range (kg/batch) 800÷1500
Productivity (tons/hour) 30÷60
Accuracy (%) 0.1
For weighing 1 phase – 220 VAC – 50Hz

Power supply used
For inflatable 3 phase – 380 VAC – 50Hz
Load cell (kgf) VLC - 100 2000
Steam cylinder STNC F50
Display screen CASE CI-1560
Drivers Siemens LOGO 230RC + Module
Van solenoid Packer 5 recline
Oil injection voltage stabilizer (kg/cm2) STNC 10
Long 1894
Overall dimensions (mm) Wide 2194
Tall 2055
Long 2000
Packing size(mm) Wide 24000
Tall 2250
Weight weight (kg) 850
Packing Weight(kg) 1300
Operators (people) 1
Table 25. Specifications of AWM60 input scale
39
In addition, it is optional to connect to the printer to print the volume of each weighing batch, the
total weight weighed or connect a computer for management.
4.1.3. Uses:
Used to weigh loose nuts, grain diameter from 1÷5mm, density about 700-800kg/m3 such as
rice, rice, corn, coffee,..
4.1.4. Principle and Structure
The AWM60 scale is an automatic scale controlled by LOGO and a digital display displaying the
weighing weight, dosing automatically by the principle of loadcell, using solenoid valves to shut
off the material source.
The AWM60 scale is designed in 2 parts:
- Dosing weighing part: The main part of the scale is the dosing tank, dosing valve box,
load sensors, steam cylinders, control equipment.
- Control cabinet part: Contains all electronic components and microchips, installed on
the right side of the scale.
The full weighing system consists of the following main components:
1. Intermediate containers.
2. Dosing valve box: discharge the material into the dosing tank.
3. Dosing tank: quantify the weight of the scale.
4. Control cabinet.
4.1.5. Control Side
1. Number display scale head: Displays the kilograms of the batch.

2. POWER switch: Used to close or disconnect power to the monitor.
3. 90o on-off switch: Used to change automatic and manual modes.
4. IN push button: Print the batch weight in manual mode.
5. Emergency stop button: Used to disconnect emergency power when there is a problem.
6. WEIGH push button: Start weighing in automatic mode.
7. STOP push button: stop the scale in automatic mode.
8. Push button SCALE 1: weigh the 1st compartment in manual mode.
40
9. STOP push button 1: stop the scale and stop the first compartment discharge in manual
mode.
10. DISCHARGE push button 1: discharge the 1st compartment material in manual mode.
11. Push button SCALE 2: Weigh the 2nd compartment in manual mode.
12. STOP 2 push buttons: Stop the scale and stop the 2nd compartment discharge in manual
mode.
13. DISCHARGE push button 2: discharge the 2nd compartment material in manual mode.
14. Push button on / off the pump.
4.1.6. Installation
The installation site must be clean, dry and well ventilated (ambient temperature not exceeding
50oC). The surrounding equipment must be at least 1m away.
4.1.6.1. Prepare:
- The foundation where installation is installed must be rigid.

- The flatness of the substrate is not more than 2mm different.
- Trace the planned places where scales and containers are placed.
- Take the mark and prepare the base bulon fixing place for equipment and accessories.
- Transport scales and accessories to the place of preparation for installation.
4.1.6.2. Installation:
- Install containers.
- Install the scale under the container, remove the weighing container from the plaster and
attach it to the loadcell, install the weighing valve box to the bottom of the container.
- Install the steam pipeline from the inflatable to the input to the oil injection stabilizer.
- 3-phase 380V power supply for weighing and inflatable.
4.1.7. Operate
The operator should dress neatly and have minimal knowledge of the equipment in use.
4.1.7.1. Preparation before operation:
- Check the tightening of the bulons in the system.

- Clean the valve mouths.
41
- Prepare an adequate steam source: the inflatable must reach a pressure of 7÷8 kg/cm2.
- Put the material in the container.
4.1.7.2. Machine operation:
- Open the steam valve into the scale and adjust the pressure on the oil injection stabilizer
set from 5÷6kg/cm2.
- Turn on the power open button.
- Turn on the 90o switch towards the letter TAY, clamp the bag, press the DISCHARGE 2,
DISCHARGE 2 buttons to discharge all the remaining data on the dosing tank.
- Correct 0 scales if the scales do not return to 0.
- Select and set the weighing mode, if the kilograms of the previous and next batch of
scales have not changed, then there is no need to reset the batch.
- After placing the correct number of kilograms of the batch, start weighing according to
the weighing regimes selected above.
Automatic mode: turn on the switch towards the word AUTO, press the WEIGH button to start
the weighing process, the controller gives a signal to open the weighing valve 1 and scale valve 2
to feed into the dosing tank. When the value on the scale reaches the preset HI value, the
weighing valve closes. After 1 stabilization period (about 5-7 seconds), the exhaust valve 1 opens
to discharge the material into the feed pit. When the first compartment discharges all the fuel, the
exhaust valve 2 opens to discharge the material into the feed pit. When the 2nd compartment
discharges all the fuel, the two exhaust valves close, the two weighing valves open to continue
feeding into the dosing tank. The balancing process continues.
Note: While the scale is operating, absolutely do not impact the weighing tank, which will
cause the scale to operate incorrectly and do not base your hands near the steam opening and
closing valves.
Stop weighing:
- Press the USE button, the weighing and discharge process immediately stops.
- Turn the switch 90° towards the word TAY.
- Print the current volume on the scale: press the IN button on the control face.
- Print the total weight weighed: press the PRINT or SET button on the scalehead.
42
- Flushing material on dosing tank: clamping the bag, pressing the SOAP 1 button to
discharge the material on the dosing tank 1 (the same for dosing tank 2).
Manual mode:
- Press the WEIGH button 1 to weigh the 1st compartment.

- Press the USE 1 button to stop the first compartment and stop the discharge of the first
compartment.
- Press the DISCHARGE button 1 to discharge the 1st compartment material.
- Press the WEIGH 2 button to weigh the 2nd compartment.
- Hide the USE 2 button to stop the proximity and stop the discharge of the second
compartment.
- Hide the DISCHARGE button 2 to discharge the 2nd compartment material.
The weighing-discharging process in TAY mode in two compartments is completely independent

of each other, can be performed sequentially for each compartment or both compartments can be
performed simultaneously.
Note: when weighing a batch, you must wait 5-7 seconds for the weighing head to stabilize
before pressing the IN button and releasing the material.
4.7.1.3. After operation:
- Steam supply lock.

- Turn off the POWER button.
- Disconnect the circuit breaker (atomat) inside the control cabinet.
- Open the side cover and use an air gun to clean the inside of the scale.
4.1.8. Cleaning The Mouths at The Valve
Cleaning is required when seeing:
- The scales began to show errors.

- The process of weighing and discharging is slow.
- There is garbage sticking at the valve mouths.
- The valve closes not tightly.
43
Follow these steps:
- Continue the weighing process to drain all remaining material on the valve box.
- Stop weighing, press the USE button,
- Drain the material in the dosing tank with the DISCHARGE 1, SOAP 2 buttons in TAY
mode.
- Turn off the power supply.
- Unplug the steam power.
- Use your hand to gently turn the weighing valve open and then clean the valve.
- Once done, open the steam source and the base container hand valve to continue the
weighing process.
4.1.9. Maintenance and Inspection
PARTS TO CHECK INSPECTION WORK RECURRING
Valve mouths See if there is garbage After each shift
Support of the valves See if there is a squeak Weekly
Bulon, nut See if it's loosened After each shift
Electrical wires and steam pipes See if there are scratches, punctures Weekly
Oil injection voltage stabilizer See if oil spray is available Daily
Table 26. Instructions for maintenance and inspection of AWM60 input scale
44
4.1.10. Instructions for Handling Damage
INDICATION POSSIBLE CAUSES SOLUTION
The power button is damaged. Replace it.
The emergency button has not Unscrew the

Press the POWER button and been opened. emergency button.
the light does not light up
Total CB is not enabled. Turn on CB total.
The light bulb snapped. Replace light bulbs.
Haven't clicked the POWER Click the SOURCE

button yet. button.
The shortcut has not been

Turn on the switch to
switched back to the Auto
Press the SCALE button and the Auto text.
direction.
scale does not work
No steam power. Open the steam supply.
Newspaper of the place

Control section malfunction.
of production.
The scale is subject to vibration Readjust the vapor

The vapor pressure is too high.
pressure.
Readjust the throttle

The throttle valve is changed.
valve.
Bulon, the nut is loose. Squeeze the bulon.
45
The visor is worn. Replace it.
Dosing barrel wear. Check the barrel again.
Cleaning the exhaust

The exhaust valve is jammed.
valve.
Table 27. Instructions for troubleshooting and damaging the AWM60 input scale
4.2. Automatic weighing
4.2.1. Safety Considerations
1. Do not install the scale where it is too hot (>50°C) or too cold (<5°C) or where there is
too much dust.
1. Only a 1-phase - 220 VAC power supply is allowed to be installed in the aptomat.
2. Do not arbitrarily adjust the throttle valve on the steam cylinder and the control power
inside the scale, except for oil injection and aptomat injection stabilizers.
3. The device should not be turned off by interrupting the external power supply, but must
be turned off from the power button on the screen first.
4. It is forbidden to wet the machine in any way.
5. Do not wipe the machine with water, only air guns and dry rags are allowed
Type: batch weighing AW500
Weight range: (kg/batch) 25-50
Productivity: (bags/hour) 500
Accuracy: (%) 0.1
Table 28. Basic parameters of AW500 scale
46
For weighing: 1 pha - 220 VAC - 50Hz
For inflatables
Power supply used: 3 phase-380 VAC – 50Hz
1.5 kW
For conveyor 0.75 kW 3 phase-380 VAC-50Hz
Sensor: (kgf) VLC 100
Cylinder asks: Airtac 0 25,0 50
CASE Kg/batch
Display:
Autonic Number of bags weighed
Drivers: Siemens (Germany) LOGO 230RC + Module
Solenoid valves: Packer 5 recline
Oil spray pressure:

Packer (Japan) 10
(kg/cm2)
Long 1650
Overall dimensions: (mm) Wide 850
Tall 2150
Long 1850
Packing size: (mm) Wide 1050
Tall 2280
47
Weight weight: (kg) 470
Packing weight: (kg) 550
Coverage: 01
Operators: (people)
Stitch the mouth covered: 01
Table 29. Technical specifications of automatic scale AW500
No. Detailed name ISBN Amount
Staining the swivel

1 6001 12
valves
2 Steam cylinder 025x25 02
6 Steam wire 05/08 04
7 Steam wire 04/06 40
Table 30. Some standard details of automatic scale AW500
4.2.3. Uses
Used to weigh loose grains, grain diameter from (U3) mm, density about 700 - 800 kg / m3 such
as rice, granulated sugar, fertilizer, etc.
4.2.4. The Principle of Structural Rhyme
The AW500 scale is an automatic scale, controlled by LOGO and a digital display that displays
the weighing weight, total bags weighed, automatic dosing by load cell principle and two-stage
48
material discharge to shut off the material source.
The AW500 scale is designed in two parts:
- Dosing weight: the main part, including the dosing tank, dosing valve box, load cells,
steam cylinder, bag gripper mechanism and control device.
- Control cabinet: Contains all electronic components and microchips, installed on the right
side of the scale.
- The full weighing system consists of the main components:
- Intermediate containers
- Conveyor: transfer bags out
- Dosing valve box: discharge the material into the dosing tank
- Dosing tank: quantitative weighing mass
- Bag clamping system: discharge the weighed material into the bag
- Control cabinet
4.2.5. Control Unit
- The scale head displays the number: displays the number of kilograms batched.
- Counter: displays the total number of bags weighed.
- POWER push button: used to close or disconnect the power supply.
- 90° on switch: used to change between automatic and manual modes.
- Red push button with arrow direction: used to emergency power disconnect when there is
a problem (press to interrupt, turn in the direction of the arrow, open).
- WEIGH push button: start weighing with automatic mode.
- USE push button: stop the scale in automatic mode.
- DISCHARGE push button 1: discharge dosing tank material 1 in manual mode.
- DISCHARGE push button 2: discharge dosing tank material 2 in manual mode.
49
4.2.6. Installation
The place where the scale is installed must be clean, dry and well ventilated (ambient
temperature not exceeding 50°C). The surrounding equipment must be at least 1 m away.
4.2.6.1. Prepare
- The foundation where it is installed must be rigid.

- The flatness of the substrate is no more than ± 2mm.
- Trace the storage places for scales and accessories (conveyors, sewing machines, bag
mouths, containers).
- Take the mark and prepare the base bulon fixing place for equipment and accessories.
- Transport scales and accessories to the installation site.
50
4.2.6.2. Installation
- Install scales under the container.

- Install the conveyor in place so that where the side conveyor has rollers right where the
bag falls from the scale. Then, position the conveyor with the background with bulon
M10.
- Install a sewing machine to sew the mouth of the bag and adjust the height to suit the type
of bag to be weighed.
- Install the steam pipeline from the inflatable to the inlet of the oil injection voltage
stabilizer.
- Supply 1 phase - 220 VAC power supply to the weighing plug.
4.2.7. Operation
The operator should dress neatly and have minimal knowledge of the equipment in use.
4.2.7.1. Pre-operation preparation
- Check the bulon in the system.

- Clean the garbage at the valve mouths.
- Prepare the steam source adequately: the inflatable must reach a pressure of 7~8 kg/cm2.
- Put the material in the container.
4.2.7.2. Machine operation
- Start the weighing conveyor.

- Open the steam valve into the scale and adjust the pressure on the oil injection stabilizer
to 45 kg/cm2.
- Press the POWER button to open the power supply on the screen.
- Turn on the 90° switch towards the letter TAY, clamp the bag, press the DISCHARGE 1,
DISCHARGE 2 buttons to discharge all the remaining data on the dosing tank.
- Correct 0 (Zero) the scale head if the scale head has not returned to 0.
- Press the RESET button on the counter to delete the total number of bags weighed last
time.
51
- Select and place the batch, if the kilograms of the previous and next weighs are not
matched, there is no need to reset the batch.
- After placing the correct number of kilograms of the batch, start weighing according to
the weighing regimes selected above.
Weighing: Turn on the switch towards the word AUTO, press the WEIGH button to start the
weighing process, and the controller sends the signal to open the raw valve and the fine valve to
discharge the material into the dosing tank. When the value on the scale reaches the preset LO
value, the coarse weighing valve closes. When the value on the scale reaches the preset HI value,
the balance valve closes. When pressing the WEIGH button, just sit in the bag position and
control the jack switch near the bag clip to perform the bag clamping, when inserting the bag and
clicking the switch, the clamp will hold the bag, the weighing process takes about 6 seconds,
when one of the two containers quantifies enough kilograms and the bag has been clamped, the
weighing system will automatically open the relief valve to discharge the material into bags
(about 3 seconds). After discharging all the material on the dosing tank, the exhaust valve
automatically closes, the weighing valve opens to continue the weighing process. The clamp
releases the bag and falls onto the conveyor, the conveyor transports the bag out.
During operation, hands should not be placed near steam opening and closing valves
Stop weighing:
- Press the STOP button, and the weighing process immediately resumes.
- Turn the switch 90° towards the word TAY.
- Discharge material on dosing tank: clamp the bag, press the DISCHARGE button 1 to
discharge the material on the dosing tank 1 (the same for dosing tank 2).
52
4.2.7.3. After operation
- Steam supply lock.

- Disconnect the circuit breaker (aptomat) inside the scale.
- Power disconnects the conveyor and sewing machine for the mouth of the bag.
- Open the side cover, use an air gun to clean the inside, especially the valve mouths.
4.2.8. Garbage Cleaning of Valve Mouths
Cleaning is required when seeing:
- The scales began to show errors.

- The process of weighing and discharging is slow.
- There is garbage sticking at the valve mouths.
- The valve closes not tightly.
Follow these steps:
- Close the hand valve, and continue the weighing process to drain all the remaining
material on the valve box.
- Stop weighing, press the STOP button.
- Drain the material portion in the dosing tank with the DISCHARGE 1, DISCHARGE 2
buttons in TAY mode.
- Turn off the power supply.
- Unplug the steam power.
- Open the hip cover on the body of the scale.
- Use your hand to gently turn the weighing valve open and then clean the valve.
- Once done, tangle the steam source and the hand valve of the container to continue the
weighing process.
53
PARTS TO CHECK INSPECTION WORK RECURRING
Valve mouths See if there is garbage After each shift
Steam cylinder mounting sides See if it's worn, enough is enough Daily
Staining of the valves See if there is a squeak Weekly
Bulon, nut See if it's loosened After each shift
Electrical wires and steam pipes See if there are scratches, punctures Weekly
Noisy oil injection See if oil spray is available Daily
Table 31. Automatic weighing inspection and maintenance manualAW500
4.2.10. Instructions for Handling Damage
INDICATION POSSIBLE CAUSES SOLUTION
The power button is damaged. Replace it.
The emergency button has not Unscrew the emergency

Press the POWER button and been opened. button.
the light does not light up.
Total CB is not enabled. Turn on CB total.
The bulb was snapped. Replace light bulbs.
Press the NEED button and the Haven't clicked the POWER Click the SOURCE
scale does not work. button yet. button.
The shortcut has not been Toggle the switch in the

switched back to the Auto direction of the word
direction. Auto.
54
No steam power. Open the steam supply.
Newspaper of the place of

Control section malfunction.
production.
Incorrect batch of scales Reset the batch

Weight difference: (20, 25, 40,
50, 60) kg
Batch changed but not reset Reset the batch
Check the steam source

Insufficient vapor pressure
again.
Weighing the scales suddenly
Running out of data on the Drain the material into the
went wrong (excess or missing)
container container.
Clogged weighing valve Weight valve cleaning
The vapor pressure is too Readjust the vapor

high. pressure.
The scale is shaken.
The throttle valve is changed. Readjust the throttle valve.
Bulon, the nut is loose. Squeeze the bulon.
The visor is worn. Replace it.

Whether to be splashed in the
Dosing barrel wear. Check the barrel again.
mouth when discharging
weights. Cleaning the exhaust
The exhaust valve is jammed.
valve.
The bag clip releases but does The vapor pressure is too Readjust the vapor
not discharge the material weak pressure.
Inflatable test.
55
Running out of data on the Drain the material into the

container container.
Table 32. Instructions for handling damage
4.3. Cleaning Machine:
4.3.1. Safety Notes
- Check and tighten secure covers of the eccentric mechanism, also the sieves spring bases
before starting the machine.
- Check Courroie belt’s slackness before starting the machine.
- Check and tighten the nuts of the magnet before starting the machine.
- Do not put hands, feet or foreign objects under the sieve box, belt drive area while
machine is working.
- Do not climb on the sieves, even if the machine is not working.
4.3.2. Overall Size
4.3.2.1. Overall dimensions
Figure 8. Dimension of cleaning machine
56
4.3.2.2. Main parts
Figure 9. Parts of cleaning machine
1) Sieve box 6) Vibration assembly 7. Feed box

2) Chassis 7) Clean grains box (output box)
3) Output pipe 8) Spring assembly
4) Lower mesh 9) Trash mesh
5) Upper mesh 10) Engine
57
4.3.3. Technical Parameter
4.3.3.1. Equipment information
Productivity Power Spindle Weight

Model Overall size (mm)
(ton/hour) (kW) rotation (rpm) (kg)
PCV60 6 0.75 1450 300 1650x1000x1800
PCV120 12 1.5 1450 330 1870x1200x2010
Table 33. Technical parameters of cleaning machine
4.3.3.2. Uses
The equipment used for the grain cleaning process. The machine will separate various sizes of
impurities, dust, metals, and main particles.
4.3.4. Standard Details and Longevity
4.3.4.1. Standard details
NAME PARAMETER QUANTITY
3 phases – 50 Hz
0.75 kW – 1450 rpm 1
motor
Ladder belt B-43 1
Bearings SY506M 2
Upper sieves mesh 5x20 1
Lower sieves mesh 1.5 1
Table 34. Standard details of cleaning machine
58
4.3.4.2. Longevity
DETAIL PARTS LONGEVITY
Upper sieve mesh 2 - 2.5 years
Bottom sieve mesh 1 - 1.5 years
Bearings 25,000÷30,000 tons of grain
Table 35. Longevity of cleaning machine
4.3.5. Principles and Structure
4.3.5.1. Principle
The grain mixture – that needs to be cleaned, will be fed into the feed box, where it will be
blown out by the suction fan and deposited at the cyclone. Then the mixture goes down to the
sieves and evenly distributed horizontally during the working process. Due to the vibrating
motion of the sieve box, the grains move non-stop on the sieves surface and gradually fall along
the slope of the sieves surface. During the movement, magnets attached to the upper mesh will
retain metal impurities, while the lower mesh removes small impurities that pass through the
sieves and lock them away from the sieves. The rest is clean grains that have just been separated
and transported to machines for the next stage.
59
4.3.5.2. Structure
The machine includes a material feed box with a dust collector attached. Below that is a sieve
box with 2 mesh layers: the upper mesh has large holes with a magnet attached to collect large
size impurities and metal impurities; the lower mesh has narrower holes to collect smaller
impurities. While working, the sieve box will vibrate on 4 spring assemblies due to rotational
motion of the eccentric mechanism’s shaft assembly. The shaft assembly is driven by an electric
motor through a set of belts mounted above.
Figure 10. Structure of cleaning machine
4.3.6. Installation
The machine must be placed on a flat ground, not inclined, and fixed by 4 M12 bolts.
Surrounding devices should be > 500mm away from the machine for easy operation and
maintenance.
60
4.3.7. Operation
4.3.7.1. Before operation
- Check belt tension.

- Check the bearings.
- Idling to check machine operation.
4.3.7.2. During operation
- Start the engine.

- Feed material.
- Check the separation of sieves holes.
4.3.7.3. To stop the machine
- Stop feeding material.

- When all material is out, turn off the machine.
Note: During operation, it is necessary to avoid the following cases:
- Uneven-supplied material flow.

- Avoid opening the observation door on the sieve box.
4.3.7.4. Disassemble
- Remove the feed box.

- Remove the bolts and mesh frames one by one from the sieve box.
- Remove the sieve box.
- Remove the motor and moving pulley.
- Remove the vibration assemblies.
- Disassemble the bearing assembly.
4.3.7.5. Inspection and maintenance
- Check bolts and nuts’ tightness daily.

- Check and clean the mesh after each shift.
- Lubricate the bearing assemblies attached to eccentric mechanisms after each 50 working
hours.
61
- Check if the meshes are leaking.

- Periodically check the tension of the belt to stretch it more or replace it.
62
4.3.8. Damage Handling Instructions
INDICATIONS POSSIBLE CAUSES SOLUTION
Material splashes out with small Bottom sieves mesh is

Replace
impurities torn
Sieves mesh is clogged

Material splashes out with trash Clean the sieves holes
up
Insufficient eccentric Increase eccentric

Material flow is not enough
mass mass
Table 36. Damage handling instructions
4.4. Grit Separator
- Type: DS60B
- Place of production: Long An machinery industry joint stock company
- Productivity: 10-12 tons/hour.
- Engine capacity: 0.68 X 2 kW.
- Capacity fan blower: 0.75 kW.
63
Some standard details and longevity:
3 phases engine 2.2 kW – 1450 rpm 1
Belt: fan – seive B51 2
Belt: engine – fan B63 2
Belt: seive – fan B34 1
FY 506M 4
SY 507M 1
Abutment
UCF 204 4
UCF 207 2
6202 – 2Z 3
6204 – 2Z 4
Ball-bearing
6205 – 2Z 2
6210 – 2Z 2
Grit separation mesh 2
Table 37. Some details of the standard separation hotels DS60B
64
DETAIL PARTS LONGEVITY
Grit separation mesh 2 - 2.5 years
Ball-bearings 20,000÷25,000 tons of rice
Abutments 20,000÷30,000 tons of rice
Table 38. Longevity of grit sparator
4.4.2. Uses
Gravel separator is used to separate heavy impurities with the size of rice grains that ordinary
sieves cannot separate.
Stone and grit are separated from the material through two layers of sieves, minimizing rice and
gravel. Simple machine structure, easy to replace spare parts and maintain. Compact size takes
up little space.
4.4.3.1. Principle
Any mixture which can also divide a mechanical way by the mechanical properties of them. The
mechanical and physical properties, critical properties, such determination coefficient rot fly,
particle size, shape particles, the surface state, own weight, and elasticity.
Based on the mechanical and physical properties which we can classify to be nuts thanks to the
method as the method of classification by ready, gas alarm, by own weight...
- Classification by sieve:
This method is classified according to particle size, mesh sieve with holes, the mixture meeting
is bigger than width hole is retained, small particles fall through the hole. There are many form
of holes in accordance with the characteristics of the materials used.
This is simple method but there are many cons:
 Prone to clogged pores, are difficult to clean.

 Impurities of the same size with the grain can not be dissociated. For example: gravel.
65
- Classified by aerodynamic:
User-chamber inflatable or suction impurities out of the mix county, primarily used to classify
mixed nuts are the same size but different specific weight.
Each particle has the velocity to vary. Therefore, if the same airflow velocity Vx, then we will
have a status different motions:
 Particles or impurities can Vth > Vx will fly in the air.

 Particles or impurities have Vth = Vx will be in a suspended state.
 Particles or impurities can Vth < Vx will fall down.
When adjusting proper airflow will classify okay the different components in the mixture
meeting.
4.4.3.2. Structure
The machine consists of a fan that blows air into the mesh from the bottom up. Above the fan is a
sieve box with an inclined mesh hole forming a floating edge on the mesh. Shaking motion of the
sieves is accomplished through a parallelogram mechanism that receives motion by means of an
eccentric mechanism, which is driven by an electric motor through a belt drive. The inclination
of the sieves is adjustable for use with different varieties of rice.
Figure 11. The principle and structure of basic Grit separator DS60B
66
4.4.4. The Main Parts and The Overall Size
Figure 12. The main parts of cleaning machine PCV60
1. Box feeder 8. Fan
2. Trough to sieves 9. Machine foot
3. Box seive 10. Rice funnel
4. Back door 11. Shake bar
5. Open valves 12. Front door
6. Discharge pipe 13. Machine lifting screw
14. Suck pipe

7. Engine
15. Loading screw
Table 39. Annotate the division's main Grit separator DS60B

67
Figure 13. The size cardboard him sorter Grit separator DS60B
4.4.5. Installation
 The machine must be installed on background, do not tilt and is balanced 4 wrenches
legs.
 Arrange a distance around the machine for maintenance and use.
4.4.6. Operating
4.4.6.1. Preparation before operation
- Check all nuts.

- Make sure the moving belt is adjusted correctly so that the pulley turns in its correct
position, the pins must be tightened.
- Clean, blow dust inside the machine and make sure there are no other foreign objects
such as nuts, bolts and scraps. Take special care not to let such objects fall into the fan
chamber.
- Clinical examination is certain and is attached to the clinical framework.
- Check belt tension. Place an object about 2kg on the center of the belt, the belt deflection
is about 5 - 12mm.
- Check the condition of the supports.
68
4.4.6.2. No-load operation
- After adjusting and checking the necessary things, turn on the motor and check the
direction of rotation.
- Continue to operate without load for a while to check any incident vibration and the
sudden noise. If normal, then, for the machine running.
- Turned on for the fan to run and make sure that it draws air at a speed greater than 10
m3/min.
- When the machine works to make sure that the nuts and bolts is fastened after the busy
practice no download.
69
4.4.6.3. Operate a machine
- Feeding into the machine.

- After 45 minutes to 1 hour, then open the valve hotels once, each time for about 3-4
seconds.
- Stop feeding first and then turn off the machine.
4.4.6.4. Disassemble the machine
Sequence of disassembly is as follows:

- Feed box..
- Grit discharge valves.
- Swinging mechanism and side arm.
- Sieve box.
- Loading screws.
When installing the machine, proceed in reverse order of disassembly.
Daily: Check the status of wrenches, nut, mesh sieve.
Per month:
- Grease the eccentric mechanism and the bearings.

- Check the sieve mesh.
- Check the lifting belt or replace if it is stretched.
- It is recommended to remove the sieve from time to time, dust it and clean the sieve
surface with a soft cloth when it is found that the sieve efficiency is reduced due to dirt
on the sieve surface. Do not scratch the sieve surface by using a metal brush to clean it.
- Check the belt movement from time to time.
- Check the function of the defrost valve by hand from time to time. Grains or nuts stuck at
the top of the valve will interfere with its operation.
70
4.4.8. Enjoy Manual Handling Damaged
POSSIBLE
INDICATION SOLUTION
CAUSES
Sieve tilt angle is

Adjust the tilt angle.
not correct
Rice spilled along
the gravel road The gravel valve
does not close fix the gravel valve
properly
High sieves tilt

adjustable back tilt-angle
angle
The wind blows Smaller wind blower adjustment

Gravel mixed with
rice
Loading lots of
Adjust the feed valves
feeds
Reduce the amount of feeding

Has too much rice
Grit separator don't on the sieve Adjust the tilt angle of the sieve until the rice
get ripped off floats to the top
Fan rotation speed

adjustment for the straps always max stretch
decreases
Machine tugged Clean the grit tray with a soft cloth once a week
Check the spindles and replace them if they are

worn
Tighten the bolts and nuts
Check the spindles and replace them if they are
71
worn
Check that the anchors of the stand position of

the machine are firm
Lots of dirt will interfere with the grit removal

Obstruction at the
pipe. Therefore, you must open the lid of the
tip of the separator
box and check it carefully before operating the
tray
machine
Rice falls into the Wind speed

Check blower fan
grain box decreases
Table 40. Guide treatment the neck and damaged cleaning machine PC
4.5. Rice Whitening Machine
4.5.1. Safety Notes
- Input valves are always in a closed position when the machine is not working.
- Do not arbitrarily open the lid of the electrical cabinet, the electric button box when the
machine is in operation.
- Do not put hands, feet or irrelevant objects into the working tripod (where the belt drive
is located).
- Absolutely do not let irrelevant objects (bolts, screws, rivets, nails, stonesetc.) fall into
the rubbing chamber.
- Do not let foreign objects fall into the bran removal chamber.
- Absolutely do not run the machine when the cover on the body has not been tightly fitted
with a mesh frame.
- Do not arbitrarily climb on the tail of the engine (cooling fan crankcase) while the engine
is running.
- Remember to replace the rubber stopper in time when the knife is worn.
- Do not arbitrarily put your hands in output door when the machine is working.

72
Type Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm)
RW20 1650 750 2250
RW40 1750 820 2400
RW60 1850 940 2950
RW80 2320 1160 2950
Table 41. Type of model of Rice Whitening Machine
Type RW20 RW40 RW60 RW80
Productivity
2÷3 3÷4 4÷6 6÷8
(ton/h)
Slow ring
motor 22 30 37 55÷75
power (kW)
Number of
spindle
420 360 340 260
rotations
(rpm)
Machine
1500 1850 2640 3450
weight (kg)
Packed
1800 2200 3000 3800
weight (kg)
Overall size 1750x820x240

1650x7502x250 1850x940x2950 2320x1160x2950
(mm) 0
Packed size 1900x1000 2000x1100 2000x1200 2500x1300

73
(mm) x3200
x2600 x2700 x3200
Table 42. Technical parameter of whitening machine
4.5.3. Standard Details and Lifespan Of The Equipment
PARAMETER
NAME QUANTITY
RW20 RW40 RW60 RW80
22kW– 30kW– 37kW– 55kW–

Engine 1
980rpm 980rpm 980rpm 980rpm
Ladder belt B-98 B-110 B-120 C-128 56
Normal ball-
bearing (lower 6209 6211 6211 6213 1
rack)
6316-2Z 6220-2Z 6220-2Z 6226-2Z 1
Normal ball-
bearing
(upper rack)
6217-2Z 6219-2Z 6224-2Z 1
74
Taper roller
bearing 33209 33211 32313 1
(lower rack)
Rock axis
radial ball FY-45TF FY-50TF FY-60TF 1
bearing
Rub ball
bearing (front 51206 1
lift screw)
51306 51307
Rub ball
bearing (rear 51205 1
lift screw)
Rubber knife 800x70x35 900x70x35 1000x70x35 48
CR-140x170x12 1
CR- CR-
CR-120x145x12 1
100x120x10 160x195x15
Rubber seal
CR-
CR-55x70x8 CR-50x70x8 1
85x105x10
CR-45x60x7 CR-65x80x8 CR-60x80x10 1
Ampere meter 10A 1
75
Table 43. Standard details of whitening machine
Detail parts Longevity/tons of brown rice
Rubber knife 200÷400
Rubbing mesh 25,000÷35,000
Cone stone reverse side recover lathe 2500 ÷3500
Replace the new cone stone 15,000÷20,000
Taper roller bearing 33211 (32313)(33209) 25,000÷35,000
Radial ball bearing 6211 (6313)(6209) 25,000÷35,000
Table 44. Standard details of whitening machine
4.5.4. Functions
A device that performs the process of peeling the silk and separating the bran from rice grain
before entering the polishing machine.
4.5.4.1. Principles and structures
Principles: The machine works on the principle of conical milling, rice will be supplied from the
top of the cone-shaped stone and exit at the lower part. The thorough milling process is carried
out by arranging rubber bars evenly spaced in the milling chamber with enhanced air intake slots
to cool the rice and separate the bran. Rice moves inside milling chamber located between the
mesh surface and the cone-shaped stone surface, there are mutual interaction grinding forces
76
including: milling stone – rice, rice – rice, rice–mesh, rice – rubber knife. So the bran is
separated from the grain and discharged to bran chamber through the mesh hole; the white rice
falls to the bottom of the stone and follows the rice tray to get out for the next stage.
Structures: The milling chamber consists of a rotating core, which is a cone-shaped rubbing
stone chassis on the side, with a cone-shaped top on the stone. Enclosed around the left side of
the cone-shaped stone is a bran separation mesh, which is evenly separated by rubber bars.
Outside with the mesh screen are the closed doors creating a bran suction chamber opposite the
milling chambers through the mesh. Above the conical mill is the feed valves, below the mill is
the rice scraper and transmission.
Figure 14. Structures of rice whitening machine
77
4.5.4.2.Overall size and main parts
Overall size
Figure 15. Overall size of rice whitening machine
78
Main parts
Figure 16. Main parts of rice whitening machine
1. Engine pulley 9. Transmission flange
2. Engine pulley bushing 10. Rubber knife tuner
3. Transmission band 11. Rock axis
79
4. Rock axis adjusting assembly 12. Rubber knife
5. Pulley of the rock axis 13. Dividing cone
6. Bran swipe 14. Feed box
7. Rice scraper 15. Dividing ring
8. Output rice tray 16. Engine
80
4.5.5. Installation
Site preparation: 1x2 stone concrete platform, grade 200, over 50mm thick, ensure flatness
(surface undulation is no more than 1mm).
Arrange a minimum distance of 0.5m around the machine, for ease of maintenance and use (the
hopper should be placed right at the mouth of the machine).
The intermediate tank should already have at least 200÷300kg material before loading into the
machine and a box of finished husks before pouring into the next equipment.
Bran exhausting fan is placed directly with bran outlet pipe on the body, away from the next fan
base no more than 2m. It blows bran into the cyclone to settle the bran for not more than 15m.
Cyclone’s legs and fan’s legs must be firmly fixed to the concrete floor by bolts.
In case the processing line consisting of many whitening machines operate in series, the spindle
rotation for each pass should be arranged as follows:
Type Pass 1 (rpm) Pass 2 (rpm) Pass 3 (rpm)
RW20 420 345 310
RW40 360 315 280
RW60 340 260 225
RW80 260 210 195
Table 45. Installation parameters of whitening machine
81
Ratio of Hai Duong Ratio of Chinese

stone stone Ratio of chalk Concentration of
Position
MgO/Cn MgCl
Cn20 Cn22 Cn20 Cn22
1kg of chalk/5kg 27o Bume

Pass1 55% 45%
of stone

Pass2 55% 45%
of stone

Pass3 45% 45%
of stone
Table 46. Stone characters
4.5.6. Operation
Press the middle of the rope by hand to check tension of the main motor belt (allowed slack
should not be more than 10÷15mm).
The intake manifold head quick-closing valves and inlet flow valves are in the closed position.
Idling to check machine operation.
Adjust the distance between rock axis and mesh to about 10mm by using the manual wheel on
machine’s chassis.
Adjust the rubber knife to lightly contact the left side of rock axis, the gap between their surfaces
is 1÷3mm – by means of a manual crank on the body of the machine (every 360° rotated on the
82
rim of the knife, the rubber bars can move 0.05mm). Ortherwise, do it by pressing the KNIFE
OUT button when the process is operated in manual mode.
Turn the switch toward the AUTOMATIC position. When the intermediate tank is full, the valves
can open. Manually open the valves to adjust the material flow slowly. Check if the current on
the Ampere-meter is lower than that of the rated red line 10-20A. Until the steady level of the
feed does not exceed 1/2 of the sight glass on the lid, do not open inlet valves more.
Then proceed to adjust the whiteness by adjusting the rubber knife (the knife feeds in for white
rice and vice versa) with the manual crank or just pressing the KNIFE INTO, KNIFE OUT
button on the electrical box (processing switch) during manual mode. Until a stable whiteness is
reached, it is able to switch to auto mode by the mentioned mode switch, the machine will
automatically stabilize the whitening level during the working process. Adjust knife operation so
that when achieving the required whiteness and productivity, Ampere level must not exceed the
rated red line on the Ampere-meter.
Check and adjust the air flow valves to suit the grain cleanliness and capacity of the machine.
Adjust the inlet valves lever so that in becomes compatible with machine capacity and the
amount of inlet cannot exceed 1/2 of the sight glass.
4.5.7. Disassemble
1. Remove inlet valves assembly (cap, body, divider ring, valves lever, travel ruler).
2. Remove sliding bearing on the left rock.
3. Remove machine cover.
4. Remove brake pad, rubber knife and mesh doors. Take out the mesh frames 1 by 1 from
the body.
5. Remove the stone (along with its shaft) and the body from the base of the machine.
6. Remove electrical box, button box, motor, and motor pulley.
7. Remove the rock lifting mechanism, including: 2 steering wheel, 2 screws, 2 rub ball
bearings and a lifting lever.
8. Remove bearing assembly under the left rock.
9. Remove the main shaft pulley.
83
10. Disassemble the bran tubes, bran tube valves, rice outlet, rice tray.
11. Remove the base chassis from the tripod.
12. Remove bran fan cover and bran propeller from the shaft.
13. Remove upper support assembly from the machine base.
14. Remove transmission slide.
15. Remove the rock axis adjusting assembly from the shaft sleeve.
16. Remove shaft sleeve and bearing b from the housing.
Note: When installing the mesh into the machine, pay attention to screwing the 10 bolts with a
wrench to press it into the chassis with a light force. Avoid using wrench with maximum
pressure, which can easily cause chassis deformation and block the rubber knife bars.
Lubricate the bearing after each 150 working hours of the machine, pay attention to the lower
bearing assembly when lifting and lowering the shaft.
Check the lubrication of the lifting shaft after each rock replacement, by SKF beef grease.
Check and replace worn rubber knives after about 200÷400 tons of milled rice.
Check and restore the rock surface to be flat again if surface pitting is detected after about
2500÷3500 tons of milled rice.
Periodically check the belt tension after about 5000÷6000 tons of milled rice.
Reassemble the rock axis or replace it with a new one after about 12,000÷20,000 tons of milled
rice, which also means after turning all the allowable wear-resistant stone layer (about 4-6 turns).
84
4.5.9. Instruction For Solving Damages
INDICATION POSSIBLE SOLUTION
- Large gap between

stone and mesh - Lower the rock
Output rice is not white enough
- Large gap between - Adjust the knife
knife and stone
- Large gap between

Output rice is white but broken a lot, stone and mesh
Adjust the gaps
machine productivity is low - Small gap between
knife and stone
- Load too much

- Reduce the input amount
Output rice is hot and Ampere level materials
- Close the filling valves
increases - Congestion causes
then slowly re-open it
overload
- Lack of wind - Open more air valves

Bran goes out along with rice
- The mesh is dirty - Clean the bran mesh
The rice flow gets clogged easily; Transmission belt

Increase the tension
Ampere level is low stretched
- Ball bearing is loose

- Replace the bearing
- The stone is worn
The machine vibrates - Re-turn the stone evenly
unevenly
- Flatten the background
- Surface is not flat
85
Uneven whiteness of rice, - The mesh is worn out - Replace the mesh
productivity reduce - Mesh bran - Clean the mesh and fan
Table 47. Instruction for solving damages of rice whitening machine
4.6. Polishing Machine
4.6.1. Safety notes
 Operator must have a minimum knowledge of the equipment.
 Do not open side cover of the polishing chamber while the machine is in operation.
 Do not put your hands, feet in or close to the danger zone – where the belts and bolts are
working.
 Before turning off, close the quick-shut valve and run the machine until rice is out of the
polishing chamber.
 Absolutely do not let foreign objects: bolts, nuts, stones, etc. fall into the polishing
chamber.
 Before operating, ensure to prepare enough steam and water source.
 Before opening mesh frame, it is necessary to use a plastic bag to cover air inlet of the
bran sucker, It is for ensuring that bolts or nuts would not fall into the bran pipe.
 Do not wet the machine in any way, especially electrical cabinets and electric motors.
 When adjusting or installing water flange, stop the machine.
 Do not remove sprinkler assembly while the equipment is running.
 Do not arbitrarily change the type of steam pipe.
 When the machine is clogged with rice, stop operating, open the mesh frame and rotate
the bolts following instructed direction by hand.
86
4.6.2. Overall size
4.6.2.1.Overall dimensions
Figure 17. Rice Polishing Machine
87
Figure 18. Dimensions of Rice Polishing Machine
88
4.6.2.2.Main parts
Figure 19. Parts of rice polishing machine
1. Machine body part 10. Main shaft pulley
2. Rice trough 11. Water hose
3. Rice output pipe 12. Electric motor
4. Front axle bearing 13. Feed tank
5. Main spindle assembly 14. Wind control door
6. Sieves chassis 15. Bran chamber door
7. Control cabinet 16. Main electric cabinet
8. Quick-shut valves 17. Bran drain pipe
9. Back axle bearing
89
4.6.3. Technical parameter
Type RP60
RP80
Productivity (tons/hour) 6-7
8-9
Number of spindle revolutions (rpm) 780
Power Polish 110/132
(3 phases - 380V – 1450 rpm) Steam pump 1.5
Bran exhaust fan 11/15
Water pump 0.75
Overall size (LxWxH) (mm) 2450x980x2800
2450x1050x2850
Packaging size (LxWxH) (mm) 2300x1050x2200
2300x1150x2200
1950
Package weight (kg) 1700
2100
Table 48. Data of Rice Polishing Machine
The equipment is used to peel off the bran layer clinging on the surface of rice grains after being
whitened, for the purpose of increasing whiteness and creating gloss for rice and to meet required
standards.
4.6.4. Details
4.6.4.1.Standard

Front ball-bearing 6220 1
Rear ball-bearing 6322 1
Main drive belt C116-118 8
Fan belt
Fan ball-bearing
Table 49. Details of main parts of Rice Polishing Machine
90
4.6.4.2.Longetivity
DETAIL PARTS LONGETIVITY (working hours)

Polishing mesh 15002000
Straps 35004000
Ball bearing 10,00012,000
Polishing knife: straight twisted 10,0005000
Air filter 80009000
Vis loading 10,000
Wear-resistant bushing 3000
Table 50. Longevity of main parts of rice polishing machine
4.6.4.3.Spare details
NAME QUANTITY NOTE

Mesh and brace 1 set 4
Polishing knife 1 set 1 twisted, 1 straight
Vis loading 1 pc
Wear-resistant bushing 1 pc
Table 51. Quantity details
4.6.5. Structures
4.6.5.1.Structure
91
Figure 20. Diagram structure of Rice Polishing Machine
4.6.5.2.Sprinkler system
Figure 21. System of Rice Polishing Machine
92
4.6.5.3.Bran suction system
Figure 22. Cleaning system of rice polishing machine
In the milling chamber, bran will be separated and discharged through the bran separation sieves
by an exhaust fan and deposit after passing through the cyclone. In order for the gloss to meet the
demands, it is necessary to separate bran. So when rice is still mixed with bran dust, operation
must be stopped to check the mesh and clean it.
93
4.6.5.4.Control panel
Figure 23. Control dashboard
1. Water pressure meter: Displays pressure of water entering nozzle (Pmax ≈ 5÷6kg/cm2).
2. Water flow meter: Displays water flow through nozzle.
3. Ampere-meter: Displays the Ampere value of the current running through the motor.
4. Rice valves: Knob that adjusts the amount flow of rice into the polishing chamber.
5. Water valves: Knob that adjusts the amount flow of water into the nozzle.
6. Quick-shut valves’s buttons assembly: To open or stop the feed into machine, used in
emergency. Light will burn when the valves are open.
7. Water pump’s buttons assembly: To start or stop pumping, light will burn when the pump
is working.
8. Pump’s buttons assembly: Light will burn when the pump is in operation.
9. Bran exhaust fan’s buttons assembly: Light will burn when the fan is in operation.
10. Main engine’s buttons assembly: Light will burn when the engine is working.
94
4.6.6. Installation
4.6.6.1.Preparation
The platform where the machine installed must be solid (minimum 10cm thick M200 concrete
platform).
The flatness of the places where the machine is in contact with the ground is no more than 2mm.
Mark and prepare positions to fix bolts for equipment and accessories.
4.6.6.2.Installation
Lay the machine at the installation position, balance it on the ground.
Install the fan and fix it to the ground with 4 bolts Φ12mm, distance from fan to the polishing
machine is < 2.5m.
Install bran suction pipe, cyclone (distance between fan and cyclone should not be more than
8m) and water pump.
Install steam pipes, water pipes and electrical control systems.
4.6.7. Operation
4.6.7.1.Before operation
Check and tighten the bolts in the system.
Clean all parts, especially the mesh.
Close the 2 side covers.
Prepare adequate water source.
Filling the feed hopper.
4.6.7.2.During operation
Start the inflatable, adjust the pressure regulator valves at 3÷4kg.cm2
Start the bran exhaust fan
Start the main machine
Start the water pump, adjust the water pressure to about 5÷6kg.cm2
95
Open the quick-shut valves and adjust the folding valves to feed the rice into the machine room.
During rice loading, monitor the ammeter to avoid motor overload. In case of overload, you must
quickly push the mouthguard to the rice and reduce the flow of rice, if not handled in time, the
motor will stop because of overload.
The sprinkler system will automatically close after opening the valves for 10 seconds (if the
machine has an automatic controller installed).
Adjust the appropriate water flow according to the bran cleaning and rice gloss.
To achieve the required gloss, depending on the raw rice, it is necessary to adjust the
coordination between the amount of rice, water, position of weights, position of water flange in
the machine shaft. Until the whole machine system stabilizes and works normally
Note:
In the process of adjusting the machine to increase productivity or rice gloss, it is necessary to
regularly monitor the current on the Ampere-meter to avoid overloading the machine.
RP60 machine: Ampere-meter shows 250A.
RP80 machine: Ampere-meter shows 300A.
During operation, you should regularly monitor the machine's status, if you detect unusual
noises, you must stop the machine, determine the location of the accident for timely handling.
4.6.7.3.After operation
Water flow valves lock.
Turn off the water pump.
Close the quick-closing valves when you want to stop the machine.
Open the mouth shield to let the rice all out.
Turn off the fan and wait for the rice to come out completely.
Turn off the main motor, then turn on the fan again for about 2-3 minutes for the knife shaft to
dry completely.
96
Open the side cover and use the air gun in combination with the exhaust fan to clean the bran
chamber.
Shut down in order: pump, steam, fan.
4.6.8. Adjusting grain gloss
Rice gloss adjustment factors: resistance load (dumbbell), water flow and water intake length.
Adjustment steps:
1. Put the rice in the machine
2. For minimum water load and flow
3. Gradually increase the resistance load and water flow until the rice reaches the gloss
Adjust the water flange:
The position of the water flange located in the main shaft is related to the moisture content of the
polished rice and directly affects the gloss of the rice.
The usual position of the water flange: behind the 10-12th air hole from the rear support
- If the material has a high moisture content, pull the water flange to the front (front bearing).
- If the material has low moisture, push the water flange to the back (rear support).
The adjustment of the water flange is to ensure that the appropriate amount of water is added so
that the surface of the rice grain is just enough moisture to achieve the desired shine.
Notes:
When adjusting the water flow or water flange, note:
- If there is a lack of water: the gloss on the rice grain is not uniform
- If there is excess water: the rice is lumpy or the machine is overloaded
- Spacing of water flange each time adjustment is not more than 60mm
97
Adjust rubbing pressure (dumbbells):
When the rice has achieved whiteness to achieve gloss, each barbell only needs to be used 1
dumbbell, to achieve the desired shine, change the position of the dumbbell so it is necessary to
use weights.
When the rice needs more whiteness to achieve gloss, each barbell can only be used up to 2
dumbbells, to achieve the desired whiteness and gloss, change the position of the dumbbells on
the barbell.
Notes: The high pressure of milling will increase the temperature of the rice, if the temperature
is too high > 42oC, the rice will be very shiny after coming out of the machine, but the gloss will
be reduced afterwards.
Adjust rice flow: Depending on the whiteness and gloss requirements, adjust the rice flow
accordingly
4.6.9. Cleaning the polishing chamber
4.6.9.1.Conditions
The mesh hole is full of small plates.
Machine stopped due to overload.
4.6.9.2.Steps
Open the side cover of the machine.
Remove the nut holding the mesh frame.
Open both meshs.
Clean the rice on the shaft.
Use an iron brush to scrub the rice and sheets stuck in the mesh hole.
Use an air gun to clean each part of the engine room.
After cleaning is complete, close 1 rubbing chamber in reverse order: close 2 mesh
frames, tighten mesh frame nuts, install 2 side covers.
98
4.6.10. Removing mesh
Remove the mesh clamp bolt, remove the mesh and bracket.
Put the new mesh in and see if it fits snugly against the chassis edges.
Attach the large brace inside of the rubbing chamber and the angle of the brace should be equal
to the mesh angle.
Place the small splint on the outside of the rubbing chamber in the opposite direction when
closing the mesh. Adjust the small brace so that the 2 edges of the brace are very tight so that the
rice does not leak out of the bran chamber.
4.6.11. Cleaning nozzles
Turn off polishing cooler, exhaust fan and inflatable.
Open the spray shaft locking bolt on the nozzle support.
Pull the spray shaft out of the pillow.
Pull both tubes from the coupling of the ejector shaft (1 water hose, 1 steam hose, before pulling
as a mark for each tube).
Open the injector cup and injector from the connector.
Clean the injector hole.
When cleaning is complete, assemble the nozzle parts and place the spray shaft in the machine.
99
4.6.12. Inspection and maintenance
DETAIL PARTS INSPECTION TASK PERIOD

Bran hopper and bran pipeline See if it’s any bran Weekly
Polishing mesh See if the mesh is worn Daily

Rear ball bearing Periodic grease pumping 2 months
Straps Check belt tension Weekly
Bolon, nut See if it's loosened Weekly
Nozzles Check to see if it is clogged Weekly
Oil injection voltage stabilizer Refill the oil Monthly
Table 52. Maintenance times of some parts
4.6.13. Damage handling instructions
SIGNALS CAUSES SOLUTION
Open the valves to close quickly - The steam pressure is too low - Adjust the pressure regulator
but no rice comes out or not so the valves won't open valves to increase the pressure
enough out to the correct value
- Faulty solenoid valves
- Renewed
- Steam filter clogged
- Replacing the filter
Adjust the water a lot but still - Insufficient water pressure - Increase water pressure
lack of water
- The injector is clogged - Clean the injectors
- Flow valves are clogged - Valves cleaning
- The pipeline is clogged with - Clean the pipeline or replace it

dirt with a new one
- Water filter is clogged - Clean or replace
100
The machine stops working Increased resistance load - Reducing the drag load
while adjusting the gloss
Too much water spray causes - Reduce the amount of water or
the rice to clump in the adjust the water filling length
polishing chamber
The sprinkler system stops - Thermal relay of breaker pump - Check the relay to work again
working while the machine is is overloaded and reduce the water pressure to
working 2kg/cm2
- Burnt pump
- Renewed
- Out of water
- Pump more water
Engine vibrates and Ampere - Rice stuck in the mesh and - Open the mesh frame and
level goes high knife clean the mesh and knife
- Discharge hole on shaft is - Clean the discharge holes on

clogged the shaft
- Engine base bolt, engine base - Tighten bolts of machine base,

loosened engine base
Broken rice and rice follow the - The mesh is worn and - Renewed
bran in cyclone much punctured
- Reassemble it properly
- Incorrect installation of
meshes and braces, exposed
Table 53. Instruction of solving problem
101
4.7. Rice Separator Machine
4.7.1. Safety Precautions
1) Do not stand on the floor even if the machine is not in operation.

2) Do not put your hands into the wheels while the machine is running.
3) Do not put your hands between the two sieve boxes while the machine is running.
4) Do not put your hands into rotating devices such as camshafts, bearings, pulleys, wire
ropes, etc.
5) Do not have more than 3 people standing on the operating sieve at the same time.
102
4.7.2. Technical Specifications
Overall Packing
Main Motor Machine Packed
Type Capacity Dimensions Dimensions
Shaft Power Weight Weight
(DxWxH) (DxWxH)
Tons/hour rpm kW mm mm kg kg
2000x1890 2300x2100
PS50 5-6 260/280 1.5 1250 1350
x2600 x2200
2200x2200 2300x2280
PS80 8-9 260/280 3 1750 1900
x2800 x2280
Table 54. Technical specifications of some rice separator machines, PS80 model used in the
premium rice processing workshop of Tan Tuc
Some standard details and lifespan:
No. Detail Specifications Quantity Note
1 Bearing 6307-2Z 8 Wheel support
2 Bearing YAR208-2Z 2 Main shaft
3 Bearing 6020-2Z 4 Eccentric cam
4 Bearing NA6907 4 Feeding arm
5 Straight belt B102 2
Table 55. Some standard details of the PS80 rice separator machine
103
No. Detail Quantity Working Time (hours)
1 Sieve plate 24 50000~60000
2 Wear-resistant plate 8 5000~6000
Table 56. Lifespan of some wearing parts of the PS80 rice separator machine
4.7.3. Functions
In the milling process, not all rice grains are milled at the same time. The milling efficiency
typically ranges from 70% to 90%. As a result, the remaining mixture after husking consists of a
mixture of brown rice and broken rice. Depending on the requirements of different customers
regarding the amount of broken rice in 1kg to meet their needs, rice separator machines or
debunkers are indispensable in the rice milling production line.
The machine is composed of multiple sieves with the same module, which are assembled to form
two parallel and symmetrical sieve boxes over the main shaft. The two sieve boxes slide on
wheel supports to minimize friction during operation. The machine operates through the power
transmission of the feeding arm and eccentric cam. The secondary sieves further separate the
mixture of rice and broken rice to maximize the amount of rice separated...
104
Figure 24. Basic principle and structure of the PS80 rice separator machine
105
4.7.5. Main Components and Overall Dimensions:
Figure 25. Main components and overall dimensions of the PS80 rice separator machine
1. Frame 9. Feeding hopper support
2. Rotary joint 10. Material supply box
3. Machine frame 11. Distribution box
4. Inclined sieve plate adjustment screw 12. Sieve plate
5. Rice outlet box 13. Wheels
6. Control box 14. Inclined screw adjustment nut
7. Main shaft assembly 15. Electric motor
8. Sieve box 16. Support legs
106
4.7.6. Installation
- The machine must be placed on a flat and sturdy surface.

- Provide a minimum clearance space of 0.4m around the machine for convenient
operation and maintenance.
4.7.7. Operation
4.7.7.1. Pre-operation preparation:
- Check the belt tension.

- Check and adjust the contact of the wheels on the wear-resistant plate.
- Clean the sieve plates if they are covered with husk or debris.
- Open all discharge valves from the material supply box to the distribution box.
- Adjust the distribution box valve to control the rice input width (40-45) mm for each
sieve.
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There are 2 methods:
- Automatic control: switch the control button to automatic mode, and the machine will
operate automatically when there is sufficient material and stop automatically when the
material is depleted.
- Manual control: In case the user wants to control the machine according to their
preferences or in case of a malfunction in the automatic parts, switch the control button to
manual mode. In this case, the operator must regularly monitor the material supply to
avoid shortages on the sieve plates (the machine continues to operate).
Adjustments:
a) Inclination adjustment (axis inclination): Each sieve box has an inclination adjustment
mechanism, and the inclination angle of the sieve plate can be adjusted within the range
of 0° to 4°. To increase the inclination angle, loosen the locking screws and rotate the
steering wheel clockwise. To decrease the inclination angle, perform the opposite
direction. After adjustment, tighten the locking screws. Typically, the inclination angle is
set between 0° and 1°. When there is a significant amount of broken rice or high moisture
content, it may be necessary to increase the inclination angle for optimal machine
performance.
b) Sieve plate slope adjustment:
For polished or brown rice, the machine works well with a slope of 5° to 6°.
For whitened rice or preliminary-milled rice (with husk still present), the machine works well
with a slope of 6° to 7°.
c) Rotation speed adjustment: The rotation speed is adjusted through a frequency converter,
which controls the main shaft rotation speed within the range of 260-280 RPM. Usually,
the recommended rotation speed for the main shaft is set between 265 and 270 RPM.
d) Rice flow rate adjustment: Even distribution of rice is essential on all sieve plates. If there
is a shortage of material on any sieve plate, it is due to insufficient material supply or
blockage in the material feed chute of that particular sieve plate. In such cases, close the
feed valve for that sieve box, open the observation door of the distribution box to remove
108
any blockages, then close the observation door and reopen the feed valve to resume
operation.
During operation, it is important to:
- Adjust the main shaft rotation speed within the range of 260-280 RPM.
- On the frequency converter: PS50: 1050-1130 RPM, PS80: 1250-1340 RPM.
- Adjust the inclination angle of the sieve plates within the range of 0° to 4°, as indicated
by the position from 1 to 4 on the display.
- Adjust the inclination angle and rotation speed according to the amount of broken rice
present in the rice mixture.
- Regularly check the distribution of rice on the sieve plates. If any sieve plate is lacking
rice, it may be due to insufficient material supply or blockage. In such cases, close the
feed valve for that sieve box, open the observation door of the distribution box to remove
any blockages, then close the observation door and reopen the feed valve to resume
operation.
- Minimize the number of machine restarts and ensure sufficient material supply for
continuous operation.
- Regularly inspect the final product and make necessary adjustments to ensure optimal
separation.
- When adjusting the inclination angle and rotation speed of the main sieve plate, consider
readjusting the secondary sieve plates if necessary.
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4.4.7.3. Disassembly and Assembly:
Step:
- Disconnect the electrical system.

- Remove the material hopper.
- Remove the bolts connecting the feeding arm and the sieve plate.
- Remove the clamps connecting the sieve plate.
- Take out the sieve plate.
Reassemble in reverse order.
Note: When removing the sieve box from the feeding arm, hold the sieve box and machine frame
firmly.
4.7.8. Maintenance and Inspection:
- Regularly lubricate the wearing parts every week.

- Regularly lubricate the bearings every 6 months.
- Check and tension the belts weekly.
- Inspect and clean the sieve plates if they are covered with husk or debris.
4.7.9. Troubleshooting Guide:
Symptom Cause Remedy
Insufficient rice supply Adjust the distribution valve
Uneven rice distribution on

Foreign object stuck in Check and clean the material
sieve plates
the material distribution distribution hole in the
hole distribution box
Excessive inclination
Broken rice runs into multiple Adjust the inclination angle
angle of the sieve box
lanes but does not flow into the
broken rice area
Sieve plate deformation Repair or replace the sieve plate
Grain layer jumps up Excessive rotation speed Adjust the rotation speed
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Pre-treat the moisture content of

Poor separation and slow High or uneven moisture
the material before feeding it
movement of broken rice content
into the machine
Grain layer agitates and forms Excessive wear on the

Replace the sieve plate
waves sieve plate
Uneven contact of the

Adjust the wheels
wheels
Machine vibrating Uneven shock absorber Adjust the machine legs
Uneven material feeding

Adjust the wheels
into two boxes
Excessive material
Adjust the material feeding
feeding
Uneven distribution of
Check the distribution box,
material on the sieve
clean the sieve plates
Rice mixed with a lot of broken plates
rice
Incorrect inclination Adjust the inclination angle of
angle of the sieve plates the sieve box
Main shaft rotating too

Reduce the rotation speed
fast
Table 57. Troubleshooting guide for issues and malfunctions of the PS80 rice separator machine
Note: When changing the raw material, the machine operator should check the resulting rice
product to make necessary adjustments. For the auxiliary sieve plates, it is important to load
111
sufficient material and readjust the inclination angle after adjusting the inclination angle of the
main sieve plate.
4.8. Sieving Machine
4.8.1. Safety Notes
- Do not operate when bars between the sieving box are not tightened.
- Check and tighten the nuts and bolts of the hanging ropes before starting the machine.
- Check and tighten the counterweight nuts and cover before starting the machine.
- Check and tighten the safety cover of the shaft pulley before starting the machine.
- Do not put hands, feet or foreign objects and in the chassis while the machine is
operating.
- Do not climb on the chassis while the machine is in operation.
4.8.2. Specifications, Standard Details and Longevity
Spindle Dimension
Model Productivity Capacity Weight
rotation (DxRxC)
RS–60 1,5 kW – 940 2080 x 1670

6 ton/hour 140 rpm 640 kg
HMSC rpm x 1930 mm
Table 58. Equipment information of sieving machine
No. Detail parts Parameter Quantity Longevity
1 Stainless mesh Φ (1,7 or 3,0) 03

2 – 2,5 years
2 Stainless mesh Φ 1,5 02
3 Ladder belt B 87 02
4 Ball-bearing 22210 E 01 20 000 – 25 000 ton

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5 Ball-bearing 6312 02
6 Shackle Φ 14 16 1 year
7 3 phases – 50Hz motor 1,5 kW – 940 v/ph 01
CR 50x85x13 01
8 Bearing 25 000 – 30 000 ton
CR 60x90x10 01
Φ 90 x 2B 01
9 Pulley
Φ 600 x 2B 01
10 Rubber balls 1 – 1.5 years
Table 59. Standard details and longevity
4.9.3. Uses
The device performs the grain separating stage, used to separate the rice and broken rice mixture
into 4 types: whole-grain rice - mixed rice, large broken, medium broken - small broken - fine
broken rice.
Principles:
During operation, the input mixture that needs to be separated is evenly distributed onto the sieve
trays. In regard to the rotating motion of the sieve box, grains move continuously on the sieve
surface and gradually descend in a spiral direction due to the inclination of the sieves. During
this movement, particles larger than the mesh holes are retained and separated, while particles
smaller than the mesh holes will pass through the mesh, fall to the bottom of the sieve box, and
be separated.
Structure:
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The machine consists of 5-6 overlapping rectangular sieve boxes, each of sieve box is installed
with a holed stainless mesh. The bottom of the mesh has a rubber wheel to clean it and increase
separation efficiency. While working, the sieve body rotates continuously on 4 ropes suspended
by an eccentric mechanism with an amplitude of 25 to 55mm, driven by an electric motor
through a set of belts mounted on the drive assembly below the sieves. A counterweight is
installed on the eccentric drive mechanism in the center of the machine to maintain balance. A
counterweight is installed on the eccentric drive mechanism in the center of the machine to
maintain balance.
Figure 26. Structure of sieving machine
114
4.8.5. Overall Dimensions and Main Parts
Figure 27. Overall dimensions of sieving machine
115
Figure 28. Main parts of sieving machine
1. Sieve box 6 12. Top shaft 24. Lower support pillow
2. Sieve box 5 13. Upper support pillow 25. Eccentric base
3. Sieve box 4 14. Bearings 6312 26. Output trough
4. Sieve box 3 15. Rubber balls Φ30 27. Shackle
5. Sieve box 2 16. Grid frame 28. Bolts
6. Sieve box 1 17. Crankcase 29. Fabric pipe Φ125x200
7. Bottom frame 18. Sieve frame 30. Feed pipe rack
8. Bulong 19. Motor 1.5kW – 940v 31. Feed pipe
9. Counterweight 20, 21. Pulley Φ85x2B 32. Sieve box lid 6
10. Counterweight clamps 21. Pulley Φ85x2B 33. Output trough of small
broken rice
11. Bearings 22210 E 23. Bottom shaft
34. Material box
116
117
4.8.6. Installation
- Balance the machine and tighten its chassis.

- Check balance of the platform, also check the gap between platform and machine’s
chassis.
- Balance sieve box, ensure it is laid in a horizontal position by adjusting the slings.
- Steps to disassemble the machine:
1. Check the motor, pulley, and belts. Usually, the belt will have a deflection of
8-12 mm when a force of about 2 kg is applied to the center of the belt.
2. Place the sieve boxes on the sieve frame in the order indicated on the box.
3. Install all the lugs and tighten them gently with the nuts, sequentially
tightening one rod after another until it is secure, do not tighten each rod.
4. Fit the hangers to the frame and level the whole sieve box with the nuts.
When disassembling the machine, proceed in reverse order of assembly.
4.8.7. Operation
Before operation:
- Ensure there is no abnormality when turning the pulley by hand.

- The sieve boxes must be stacked on top of each other according to the sequence number.
- All nuts, bolts and retainers must be tightened.
Operation:
- Turn on the machine before feeding.

- Feed the material.
After operation:
- Stop feeding.
- Turn off the machine when the sieves are completely clean.
Daily check:
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- Check if the nut is loose.

- Clean the sieves by removing the sieves chassis in case of material clogging.
- Monthly check:
- Lubricate the eccentrics and bearings.
- Check whether the mesh is torn or slack.
- Check if the belt is stretched to increase the engine pitch.
Each 6-month check:
- Check the bearings, pullies and belts, any damaged parts must be replaced.
- Check if the rubber ball is not worn. If the ball is small, the ability to prevent clogging of
the sieves will decrease, leading to low efficiency. So worn ball must be replaced.
SIGNALS CAUSES SOLUTION
Blocked mesh Clean mesh
The anti-clog ball (rubber

Straighten mesh
ball) cannot move freely
Low sieving efficiency The anti-clog ball is worn Replace balls
Number of spindle rotation

Tighten the belt or replace it
reduce
Overfeeding Adjust feed speed
Broken mesh Replace mesh
Output grain size is not the Blocked mesh Clean mesh

same (broken rice mixed with
Install the mesh frame
rice). Mesh frame is installed
following the number
incorrectly.
recorded
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Broken mesh frame Replace mesh

Rice splashes out
Damaged input tube Replace pipe
Tightening bars or retaining

Tighten the nut
bars are loosened
Unusual noise when operating Worn or damaged moving

Replace mesh
parts or mesh fram
Dry grease Lubricate with grease
Tightening bars are

Tighten the detail parts
loosened
Vibration Worn bearing Replace bearings
The machine platform is not

Adjust platform’s balance
balance
Table 60. Instructions for troubleshooting and damage of the sieving machine
120
4.9. Roller Sieving Machine
4.9.1. Safety Notes
1. The inlet valve and the feed box must be arranged in the position to split the material
flow. Do not put hands, feet or foreign objects near the chain and belt drive assembly
while the machine is operating.
2. Do not run the machine against the direction of crankshaft rotation as this will damage
the chain tensioners and bulkheads.
3. Do not let heavy objects fall on the outside and inside of the tube, which will damage the
housing.
4.9.2.1. Overall dimensions
Figure 29. Overall dimensions of roller sieving machine
121
HCMC University of Technology Department of Oil and Gas Process
Engineering
4.9.2.2. Main parts
Figure 30. Main parts of roller sieving machine Feed pipe
1. Decelerator 4. Broken rice trough

2. Frame 5. Broken rice screw
3. Electric motor 6. Trough adjusting wheel
4.9.3.1. Equipment information
Type of equipment LG6A
Productivity (ton/hour) 6
Capacity (%) 75
Power (kW) 1.5
Spindle rotation (rpm) 38-43
Weight (kg) 1360
Packed weight (kg) 1500
Dimension (mm) 3960xl700x299
Packed dimension (mm) 4100x1900x1800
Table 61. Roller sieving machine information
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Engineering
4.9.3.2. Uses
The machine is usually installed in conjunction with the sieving machine.
Grain picking machine performs the grain sorting process from the rice mixture, by grains’
size, into 2 types: finished rice (ratio 0-35% broken) and large/medium broken.
4.9.4.1. Principle
Input material will be fed into the rotary tube then broken rice will be raised by concave holes
on the tube to a certain height. Broken rice will fall into the broken rice trough and be
brought out by the broken rice loading screw. The remaining whole rice that does not reach
the previous height, goes out along the inclination of the tube.
Figure 31. Principle and structure of roller sieving machine
4.9.4.2. Structure
The machine has a body consisting of 2 parallel cylindrical tubes made of stainless steel
placed slightly inclined. Inside each tube has thousands of concave holes of the prescribed
size and assembled from 2 halves along their length. Inside the tube will be fitted with an
adjustable trough. In the trough is fitted with a screw loading broken rice out. During
operation, the machine rotates slowly at about 35-50 rpm and is driven by an electric motor
through the belt set to the decelerator through a chain drive below the sieves.
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Engineering
4.9.5. Installation
- The machine must be placed on a flat ground. Ensure process inclination of the
machine at 1°30’.
- To improve working productivity, install a sieving machine in front of or directly on
the foot chassis of a grain picking machine.
4.9.6. Operation
- Bolts’ tightness.
- If sprockets and chains are coplanar or not. Lubricate the decelerator.
- Tube’s direction of rotation should be exactly as indicated on the crankcase. Chain
and belt’s tension.
Open machine’s cover to material.
Adjust the amount of rice to evenly flow into the tubes. Check the output of rice and broken:
+ If there is broken rice mixed in rice, turn the indicator needle “b”s steering wheel
counterclockwise.
+ If there is rice mixed in broken rice, turn the indicator needle “b”s steering wheel in
clockwise direction.
Figure 32. Operating information
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Engineering
4.9.6.3. After operation
- Stop feeding.
- Wait for all the material to be discharged out. Shut down.
- Disassemble Remove bolts “a”. Remove bolts “b”.
- Take each half of tube “c”.
Figure 33. Installation of roller sieving machine
4.10. Rice Dryer
4.10.1. Technical Specifications
- Capacity: 20 tons (bulk density of rice 0.6 tons/m3)

- Combustion rate: 25 tons/hour
- Drying time: 30-60 minutes (depending on the moisture content of the rice)
- Decreasing weight: 1.0-2.5% per cycle
- Drying agent temperature (hot air): 50-65 degrees Celsius
- Required energy (at 27 degrees Celsius): 95000 kcal/hour
- Combustion gas: RC 1115GEM
- Burner: FGA-8
- Fuel: Diesel oil
- Fuel consumption: 40-115 liters/hour
- Static pressure: 16mmH2O
- Air blower: LLA#8-4
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Engineering
- Machine weight: 9.4 tons (excluding fan and combustion chamber)

- Power consumption: 53.3 kW (Rotary valve 0.2 kW, combustion chamber 2.2 kW, air
blower 45 kW, conveyor screw 2.2 kW)
The above technical specifications may vary depending on the quality of the rice, but the
difference is within the range of 20%.
4.10.2. Application
- Function: Drying rice with high moisture content to the appropriate moisture level for
later milling process and contributing to the extended storage time of the raw material.
- Type: Tower-type rice dryer, model LDR20E, origin: Japan.
4.10.3. The Principle of Operation and Structure of A Rice Dryer
Figure 34. The basic principle and structure of a hot air tower dryer
4.10.3.1. Top Area of the Drying Tower
- A horizontal conveyor is used to distribute the material (rice) throughout the entire
elevator section.
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Engineering
- Level sensors are installed inside the tower to detect the fill level of rice and send
signals to the dryer control system to open or close the discharge conveyor after the
drying process or to introduce rice to start the drying process.
4.10.3.2. Dryer body
- The hot air duct and exhaust duct are arranged alternately to maintain a balanced void
space. The hot air duct has one automatic inlet, and the exhaust duct has one extended
outlet. Therefore, a cone-shaped duct is provided to supply stable air to the entire
drying area.
- The lowest layer of rice during the drying process is sampled to check if it has
reached the required moisture level. If it meets the requirements, it is transferred to
the silo. If not, it continues to circulate for further drying either by adjusting the
airflow in the lowest hot air duct through opening or closing the air damper at the
lowest position of the dryer.
- The temperature of the lowest hot air duct in the dryer body is controlled by a
temperature sensor, which is connected to an indicating device through a lead wire.
- There are observation windows at the front and rear of the drying section for easy
inspection and monitoring of the movement of rice.
4.10.3.3. Discharge component
-Two inline valves with six blades pass through the intersecting angle of the drying process.
The rotary valve has a star-shaped axis, and when the two axes rotate in opposite directions,
they scoop up the falling rice and transfer it to the discharge hopper.
-The rotary valve is controlled by a 1/100 gear motor and operates for a fixed period of time
based on the signal from the dryer control system.
-The rotary valve moves at a speed of 10 revolutions per minute, with a discharge capacity of
33m2/h.
-The rotary valves are connected to the motor using chains to prevent slippage.
4.10.3.4. Hot air ducts, exhaust ducts, and rice fans
- The hot air produced by the combustion chamber is directed into the hot air ducts
within the dryer through an exhaust fan.
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Engineering
- The cross-sectional area of both the hot air ducts and the exhaust ducts at the top is
smaller than the cross-sectional area at the bottom to ensure balanced air supply to
each specific drying area.
- Both the hot air ducts and the exhaust ducts are equipped with support bars, which
function as a ladder to inspect the cross-sectional area from the top.
Figure 35. Arrangement of hot air and exhaust ducts in the dryer body
4.10.4. Operation
4.10.4.1. Pre-operation preparation
- Check for any loose details such as bolts, chain sprockets, or dead travel of belts and
chains.
- Check and remove debris from the dryer, such as metal scraps, spare parts, or screws.
- Perform a direct inspection of the rotary valve and run it for a while to check for any
abnormal sounds or excessive heat.
- For the blowing fan, regularly lubricate the bearings, check if it rotates in the correct
direction, and run it to check for any unusual sounds or excessive heat.
- Adjust the damping component for smooth movement before operating the machine.
Adjust the speed control screw of the honeycomb cylinder.
- Check for air leakage in the air cylinder tubing.
- Check the fuel lines at the connections of the fuel delivery lines.
Start both the conveyor belt and the combustion chamber gas operation simultaneously. Read
the user manual carefully before operating the machine.
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Engineering
Operation sequence:
- Open the discharge conveyor after the drying process.

- Open the feed conveyor before the drying process.
- Adjust the temperature of the hot air stream.
- Adjust the working time of the rotary valve.
- Once the dryer is in operation, open the fan and the loading screw.
- Activate the discharge switch.
- The dryer operates for 30 minutes.
- Start the feeding process.
- Continuously feed rice until a signal is received from the sensor.
- Remove the rice.
- Automatic combustion chamber operation.
- 70 minutes after the fan is turned off, the loading screw automatically stops.
- Transfer the rice out of the dryer.
- Close the loading device before and after the drying process
PROBLEM REASONS FIX
No power supply
Power switch not open Open the power switch
(power light off)
Check the set temperature value

Electric role not working
again and correct it
Electrical network error or

There is power Reconnect the wires properly
power cord not connected
supply but the motor
is not running
Remove bulky objects around the
Rotating valve and safety valve
valve do not rotate properly
Pull out the valve shaft and clean
129
Engineering
Fan rotates in the wrong Check the rotation angle with the
direction direction arrow
Exhaust fan not
Y-Delta coil is wired Correct the wire
working
Double check the 3 coils of 200V.
Unusual voltage
Normal voltage level
Check the belt tension through the

window and adjust the tension
Inappropriate belt tension

Check if the belt only works on one
side by opening, checking the
Bucket system not
machine cover and re-adjusting
working
Adjust the rotary valve and safety

Paddy leaking from valve
valve correctly
Deformed safety valve Renewed
Run the compressor and use it as a

Compressor not working pressure device for the air cylinder
Leaks in ducts Repair the leak

Air cylinder not
working Error in the power network
or the power cord is not Fix the wire properly
connected
Incorrect speed setting Adjust to normal operating speed
Rice is not dried The vent is closed Open the door
Leaks in some openings Check the holes inside the body
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Engineering
The temperature set on the

Adjust to a suitable temperature
thermostat panel is not
value
correct
The temperature sensor is not

Adjust the temperature sensor
working properly
Time control valve switch is

Adjust the switch
off and no learning time
Irregular drying Measure the humidity again at least

The amount of moisture lost 5 times and take the average value
due to being is not correct for accuracy. Always measure every
input
Do not wire or wire the

wrong wire to the lamp
The sensor does not Adjust the line properly.
Dust and foreign impurities
light up Remove dust and impurities
cause the rotary valve of the
level sensor to not rotate
Table 62. Dryer troubleshooting and damage guide
4.11. Grain Color Sorter
4.11.1. Specifications
Model GS 5880 AIS
Max. Capacity 6 tons/hour
Power source AC 200V ± 10% 1 single phase
Rated 2,6 kW
Required power
(Including Heater)
Maximum 3,8 kW
Required air volume Compressor 600 – 1500 Nl/min (5.5 – 11 kW)
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Engineering
Dust collector 12 m3/min
Net weight 650 kg
Overall dimension 1310 x 1280 x 1760 mm
Table 63. Specifications of grain color sorter
4.11.2. Major Applications
- Sorting colored grain in milled rice.

- Sorting chalky grain in milled rice.
- Sorting non-glutinous rice in glutinous rice
Rice grains are continuously supplied through the intake hopper (1) and feeder (2) , and the
flow is rectified by the chute (3). The rectified flow of rice grains enters the detecting section
at a constant rate. The detecting section is illuminated by four fluorescent lamps (4) placed on
the front and rear sides providing sufficient brightness for sorting. The fluorescent lamp is the
light source to sort any discolored and chalky grains. The grains passing through the
detecting section are observed from both front and rear sides. When any discolored grains and
chalky grain, are detected by the reflected or passed light, they are blown off by the air jet
from the ejector (6) to the outside of the accepted grain pipe (7). The rejected grain (8) of the
first separation will be led to the auxiliary feeder and undergo the second separation to collect
the finished particles mixed in the waste. The rejected grain through the second separation, if
still recoverable, will be transported back to the intake hopper and continue to separate. The
wiper (9) is provided to keep the anti-dust glass screen clean for the consistent sorting
function.
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Engineering
Figure 36. Structure of grain color sorter
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Engineering
Figure 37. Overall dimension of grain color sorter
4.11.4. Operation Adjustment
Before operation:
- Start the operation of ancillary equipment such as air compressor; dust suction
fan, etc.
- Set the air pressure to 0.25 MPa (2.5 kg/cm2).
- Turn on the power of the main body.
- Touch “SYSTEM SETTING” and select sorting variety.
- Make the warming up.
- Confirm each setting
Operation:
- Feed the material rice into material tank.
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Engineering
- Adjust the background: create the sensor with the control desktop. For chalk rice,
the sensor wave is below the 0 line, while for light colored rice, the sensor wave is
above the 0 line.
- Adjust the flow rate and the sensitivity: Adjust the sensitivity by seeing the
product of the accepted grain outlet. After determined the sensitivity, increase the
flow rate gradually till the target value.
- Flow rate balance of primary sorting and secondary sorting
Symptom Remedy
A fault is indicated on the

Touch “HELP” icon to get the Help screen and follow
Alarm Monitor screen of the
instructions
touch panel
Make sure that green lamp under the left bottom of the
touch panel is on.
If the lamp is lit: The screen appears if you touch the
No screen comes out panel. (The screen disappears if it is not manipulated for
five minutes, in order to protect the panel.)
If the lamp is off: No power is supplied. Check if power is
supplied to the circuit breaker at the back of the machine.
Check if power is supplied to the circuit breaker at the

No power comes
back of the machine.
The circuit breaker is turned Check if there is current leakage or short-circuit. Check if
off by itself the power capacity is sufficient.
Check if a fault is indicated on the Alarm Monitor screen

and the external level meter is operating. In case the
external level meter is operating, get the Help screen and
follow the instructions.
Feeder does not operate
Check if the fuse of the feeder P.C.B. is blown out. If the
fuse is blown out, replace it.
Check if the connector of the feeder P.C.B. is
disconnected. If it is disconnected, put it in
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Engineering
Check if the ejector power is ON. (System Setting screen

of the touch panel)
Check if the setting time of delay and dwell of ejector is
proper. (Standard: Delay 60 ~ 75, Dwell 5 ~ 15.)
Check if the sensitivity is proper.
Check if the background positions is proper.
Check if the fluorescent lamp is dim or the remaining
service life time is zero on Date /Time screen of the touch
No sorting performed
panel. Replace the lamp if it is dim or the life time is
zero..
Check if material flows smoothly in the chute.
Check if the air pressure is proper
Check if the glass in the detecting section is stained. If it is
stained, remove side plate or the chute and wipe off the
glass with a soft cloth.
Check if the ejector is operating normally.
Check if CCD sensor, Signal Processing P.C.B. or their

Ejector keeps blowing cables are faulty and malfunction.
without flow of rice
Check if the ejector is clogged
Check if air is being supplied.
Wiper does not operate Check if the air cylinder coil is shorted or disconnected.
Check if the fuse is blown out.
Table 64. Instructions for troubleshooting and damage of grain color sorter
136
Engineering
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Saigon Satake Food Enterprise has many advantages for development. The enterprise owns
advanced production lines from Japan or a high-quality production line.The enterprise has
skilled techniques, convenient positions for transporting raw materials both by river and road.
Produced in Vietnam and installed at the premium rice processing workshop in Tan Tuc, this
is a team of officers.And most importantly, there is a great determination from the General
Director of the Enterprise. However, there are still certain limitations. Of course, the
Enterprise, especially in the processing workshop of Tan Tuc rice, where our group is
practicing, still has certain limitations.
In terms of infrastructure and raw materials,
The factory is designed with all necessary areas: administrative area, workshop area, raw
material warehouse, product warehouse.
The internal roads in the factory are relatively spacious and mostly paved. The location of the
factory construction is convenient: near National Highway 1A and adjacent to Cho Dem
River, which is convenient for receiving raw materials as well as distributing products.
However, the factory is located far from the source of raw materials, resulting in high
transportation costs, and making it difficult to compete with other businesses. To overcome
this limitation, the factory has invested a lot of Buying stations in Long An, Can Tho, An
Giang... to ensure the source of raw materials.
The enterprise has undergone numerous innovations and reforms in production organization,
as well as strengthening procurement personnel. Both in terms of quantity and quality of raw
materials. At the same time, the General Director has also been proactive more dynamic in
production and business, actively seeking customers and sources of goods to ensure output
and input for production.
The storage area is spacious and well-ventilated. However, due to its age, the warehouse no
longer guarantees a sealed environment for product preservation. The group hopes that the
factory will renovate this warehouse to ensure better product storage conditions. Therefore,
the product is susceptible to damage from pests and moisture absorption, which affects its
quality.
137
Engineering
The storage capacity is not sufficient, resulting in the need to immediately store a certain
number of products. The group hopes that the factory will expand the warehouse in order to
increase production capacity and ensure product quality.
Some silos containing products are damaged due to long-term use, causing a significant loss
of rice. After processing, we hope that the factory will promptly address this issue.
The machines in the factory are fully equipped for production and have a high level of
automation. However, the machines are placed relatively close to each other, which makes
operation and maintenance difficult. In addition, some machines that are not in use also need
regular cleaning to ensure the cleanliness of the production line.
The factory designs its own electric resistance drying system and integrates it into the overall
production line. The finished rice drying process ensures the quality of the rice. This
demonstrates innovation and ingenuity in the work of the engineers at the Factory, helping
the plant maintain the necessary moisture for rice preservation and saving costs in the drying
process (as it needs to be transported to the workshop). It is mainly for drying if there is no
dryer.
Some machines that are not used for a long time will break down and cannot operate. This
affects the production capacity of the workshop, and the factory in general. Therefore, we
hope the factory will consider repairing to ensure the continuous operation of the production
line.
Regarding occupational safety and personnel,
The factory's personnel organization is tight, ensuring that each department has its own job
and function. The departments do not overlap, avoiding resource and manpower waste.
The factory always has operators to control the process and handle any issues. The equipment
is regularly maintained to ensure smooth operation.
To prevent fire and explosion, the high-safety engines are regularly checked.
The fire fighting system is arranged throughout the factory, and the positions of fire fighting
equipment are easily visible for easy handling when problems occur.
However, the factory still has a lot of dust, so it is necessary to equip masks for workers to
protect their health.
Regarding the production process and product quality,

138
Engineering
The production line is highly automated, with high product quality.
The output product can be flexibly changed depending on the requirements of the order. The
nature of the work is seasonal, as not every season can procure rice and grain materials, along
with production according to orders leading to uneven distribution of work throughout the
year.
The enterprise has implemented cost-saving measures to reduce production costs and lower
product prices to increase competitiveness and reach a wider range of customers; in addition,
it also helps the enterprise maintain stability and development.
In conclusion, the Enterprise has many opportunities and advantages for development.
However, the Enterprise in general, the Tan Tuc high-quality rice processing factory still has
some shortcomings that need to be considered and improved by the General Director. The
team hopes that, with future modifications and innovations, the Enterprise will continue to
develop, contributing to ensuring food security for Ho Chi Minh City in particular and for
Vietnam in general, as well as increasing export strength in the region and worldwide
139
REFERENCES
1. Công Ty Cổ Phần Cơ Khí Chế Tạo Máy Long An - LAMICO, “TÀI LIỆU HƯỚNG
DẪN SỬ DỤNG DÂY CHUYỀN XÁT TRẮNG – ĐÁNH BÓNG GẠO NĂNG
SUẤT 8-12 TẤN/GIỜ”.
DẪN SỬ DỤNG MÁY LÀM SẠCH MODEL: PCV (60-120)”.
DẪN SỬ DỤNG MÁY TÁCH SẠN MODEL: DS60”.
DẪN SỬ DỤNG SÀNG ĐẢO MODEL: RS60 (MSC, HMC, HMSC)”.
DẪN SỬ DỤNG MÁY CHỌN HẠT MODEL: LG6A”.
DẪN SỬ DỤNG DÂY CHUYỀN XÁT TRẮNG – ĐÁNH BÓNG GẠO NĂNG
SUẤT 8-12 TẤN/GIỜ”
DẪN SỬ DỤNG MÁY TÁCH THÓC MODEL: PS50, PS80”.
DẪN SỬ DỤNG, VẬN HÀNH, SỬA CHỮA VÀ BẢO DƯỠNG CÂN TỰ ĐỘNG
MODEL: AW500”.
DẪN SỬ DỤNG, VẬN HÀNH, SỬA CHỮA VÀ BẢO DƯỠNG CÂN TỰ ĐỘNG
MODEL: AWM60A”.
DẪN SỬ DỤNG MÁY XÁT TRẮNG MODEL: RW20, RW 40, RW 60, RW80 ”.
DẪN SỬ DỤNG MÁY ĐÁNH BÓNG GẠO MODEL: RP 60, RP 80”.

Bao Cao Hoa Dau

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VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HO CHI MINH CITY

HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

OFFICE FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDY PROGRAMS

FACULTY OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF OIL AND GAS PROCESS ENGINEERING

HO CHI MINH CITY FOOD COMPANY

SAI GON SATAKE FOOD ENTERPRISE

Tan Truc high-quality rice manufactory

Support staff: La Minh Bảo

Instructor: Ph.D. Phạm Hoàng Huy Phước Lợi

Ho Chi Minh city, August 15th 2023

No. Student ID First name Last name Class

1 2052030 Nhâm Ngọc Anh CC20HC11

2 1952625 Phạm Ngọc Duyên CC20HC11

3 2053012 Lê Phạm Hoàng CC20HC12

4 2053122 Võ Đăng Khánh CC20HC12

5 1852520 Đỗ Huy Hoàng Long CC18HC11

6 1952885 Nguyễn Phan Ước Nguyện CC20HC11

7 2052225 Hồ Gia Quân CC20HC12

8 1952976 Nguyễn Quốc Thanh CC20HC11

9 2052269 Phan Phú Thịnh CC20HC12

10 2053464 Văn Xuân Thịnh CC20HC12

11 1953012 Hồ Minh Thư CC20HC11

12 1953079 Trần Thanh Tuyến CC20HC11

WE WOULD LIKE TO EXPRESS OUR SINCERE THANKS.

HCM City, …………………………....

HCM City, …………………………....

CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF SAIGON FOOD FACTORY - SATAKE..............................1

1.2. History of Establishment and Development...............................................................2

1.3. Location and Workshop...............................................................................................3

1.4. Factory Floor Plan........................................................................................................5

1.5. Organizational Chart and Personnel Layout.............................................................5

1.6. Waste Treatment and Hygiene.....................................................................................6

1.7. Occupational SAFETY AND FIRE PREVENTION.................................................6

CHAPTER 2: TECHNOLOGY TRANSMISSION.................................................................8

2.1. Material and Quality of The Materials.......................................................................8

2.2. Energy Use and Production Support Amenities......................................................19

2.3. Products and Product Indicators..............................................................................19

CHAPTER 3: TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS....................................................................26

3.1. Technological Process.................................................................................................26

3.2. Stages Of Production Process....................................................................................27

4.1. Data Entry Scale.........................................................................................................37

4.2. Automatic weighing....................................................................................................45

4.3. Cleaning Machine:......................................................................................................55

4.4. Grit Separator.............................................................................................................62

4.5. Rice Whitening Machine............................................................................................71

4.6. Polishing Machine.......................................................................................................85

4.7. Rice Separator Machine...........................................................................................102

4.8. Sieving Machine........................................................................................................112

4.9. Roller Sieving Machine.............................................................................................120

4.10. Rice Dryer................................................................................................................124

4.11. Grain Color Sorter..................................................................................................130

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS..........................................136

Figure 1. Ho Chi Minh City Food Joint Stock Company.............................................1

Figure 2. Saigon – Satake Food Factory.......................................................................2

Figure 3. Factory location diagram...............................................................................5

Figure 4. Factory personnel organization chart............................................................5

Figure 5. Specialized ruler for measuring plate and rice length..................................12

Figure 6. Specialized equipment for measuring rice moisture....................................13

Figure 7. Technological process of milling – polishing rice of the workshop............26

Figure 8. Dimension of cleaning machine..................................................................55

Figure 9. Parts of cleaning machine...........................................................................56