Translation Procedure and Its Strategy of English Idiom into Indonesian in

“The Fault of Our Stars” Novel

A Thesis
Submitted to Adab and Humanities Faculty
In Partial Fullfilment of the Requirements For the Strata One Degree (S1)

RIMA KARTIKA PUTRI

11190260000011

ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT

ADAB AND HUMANITIES FACULTY
SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF
JAKARTA
2022
 ABSTRACT

Rima Kartika Putri,” Translation Procedure and Its Strategy of English Idiom into
Indonesian in “The Fault of Our Stars” Novel. An undergraduate Thesis: English Letters
Department, Faculty of Adab and Humanities,State Islamic University, Syarif Hidayutullah
Jakarta, 2022.

In this reseacrh, The reseacher is aimed to describe and examine about translation
procedure and its strategies used by the translator in translating idiomatic in the novel of
“The Fault In Our Stars” by John Green which translated into Indonesia by Ingrid Dwijani
Nimpoeno. The aims of the research are: (1) to find out what are the types of the translator
used procedure translation from that novel.(2)to find out how are the strategies applied in that
novel. The reseacher used qualitative descriptive method by using translation procedure
theory by Peter Newmark and theory translation strategies by Mona Baker’s. The data
analysis was conducted by reading the original novel in English (Source Languange) form,
compared it which is already translated form in Indonesia (Target Languange), then marks
the idiom applied in that novel. After collects and analyze the data, the reseacher was
found ......... types of procedure translation in the novel of “The Fault In Our Stars” .There
are ............................... and ........... the translator used strategy of translating idiom
by.................................................................

Keywords: Idiom, Translation Procedure , Strategy.

 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Research

In the current era, translation from English to Indonesian has been very
popular. This may be due to the increasing public awareness that English as an
international language is needed in the current era of globalization. The translators
should be able to analysed the source language well because this is the most important
thing for the right translation to be delivered (Nababan,2008: 3) Translation is a
change from the source language (SL) to the target language (TL) with an appropriate
and acceptable equivalent of meaning (semantic structure) in the target language
based on a close equivalent of meaning and style. However, people often think that
being a translator is very easy by using existing technological media, actually
translating is not an easy task to do. It's not as simple as finding the meaning of a
word in a dictionary. There are requirements that must be considered by translators to
produce a good translation, such as the type of text, the cultural context, and the
words themselves have a collection of meanings that must be adapted to the context.
Newmark (1988), “ a good translation fulfills its intention; in an informative
text, it conveys the fact acceptably ; in a vocative text, its success is measurable, at
least in theory; in an authoritative or an expressive text ”. Then Nida (1974) points
out: “translation consists of reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural
equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in
terms of style”. At this time, there are several procedure to translate the text.
Newmark (1988), state that translation is rendering the meaning of a text into another
language in the way that the author intended the text. Newmark (1988: 81) mentioned
the differences between translation method and translation procedures. He writes that,
while translation methods related to whole texts and translation procedures are used
for sentences and the smaller units of language.
According to Cattford (1995), translation is a process of substituting a text in
on language for a text in another. In the process of translation, there are three aspects
that should be maintained in the translated texts. They are semantic aspect,
grammatical aspect and stylistic aspect. From that statements, it means that translation
change position from one language to another language. One of the goals in
translation is to make a translation that is commensurate. To get equivalence, there are
various translation theories to assist in translating a text from the Source Language
(SL) to the Target Language (TL). Translation procedure is a subject that will be
faced not only by the students of English but also by the translator when translating a
text from source language to target language. Thus, it is important for translator to
know the basic theory of translation procedures when they are translating. There are
several kinds of procedures that translators can utilize to produce a good translation.
There are two types of translation procedures based on Vinay and Dalbernet in venuti
(2000: 84-93) they are direct translation which includes borrowing, calque, and literal
translation and indirect translation which includes oblique translation, transposition,
modulation, equivalence, and adaptation.
According to Newmark (1988, p.81), there are seventeen procedures. The
methods are Word-for-word Translation, Literal translation, Faithful Translation,
Semantic Translation, Adaptation, Free translation, Idiomatic translation,
Communicative translation. The procedures are Transference, Naturalization, Cultural
Equivalent, Functional Equivalent, Synonymy, Through-Translation, Shifts or
Transpositions, Modulation, Recognized Translation, Translation Label,
Compensation, Componential Analysis, Reduction and Expansion, Paraphrase, Other
Procedures (Equivalence, Adaptation), And Couplets.
From the statement above, there are many kinds of procedures for conducting
translation to analysis the research article. One of them is using idiomatic translation.
There are several studies related to strategies used in translating English idioms into
Indonesian. Idioms are fixed combination of words whose meaning is often different
from the meaning of each individual word. Idioms can consist of one or a
combination of several words, phrases or a sentence. In some languages, idioms are
often also called proverbs or dialects. Newmark expressed “Idiomatic translation
reproduces the ‘message’ of the original but tends to distort nuances of meaning
by preferring colloquialisms and idioms where these do not exist in the original”.
From newmark statements, it means a translator uses an expression or an
idiomatic expression in his or her translation to make it more
understandable for the readers. According to McCarthy (1994), idioms are fixed
expression that has unclear or visible meaning. The experts have divided idioms into
some of types.
 Baker (2018) also explains some difficulties that the students may encounter
during the process. First, sometimes, a translator fails to recognize idiom as idiom.
However, not all of the idioms are hard to recognize. Some of them are easy to
recognize especially the idioms that violates the truth. Second, some idioms have two
meanings: literal and idiomatic. Third, some idioms do not have any equivalent in the
target language. Fourth, some idioms have a similar form in the target language but
have totally different meanings. Fifth, the use of idiom in each language is different.
In some languages, idioms are used in formal context but on the other languages, it is
used in informal context. Baker’s strategy is an ideal strategy for idiomatic
translation. As Baker states “in order to transfer the message of idioms to be
translated accurately and efficiently, the translator must choose the most appropriate.
From the several studies mentioned above, all of them point out Baker’s
strategy as an excellent way to overcome the difficulties and prevent errors in
idiomatic translation. Therefore, in this research, the researcher uses Baker’ strategy
as a core of the research in The Fault of Ours Stars novel which translated by the
translator Ingrid Dwijani Nimpoeno.

B. Focus of the Research

The researcher is focused on translation procedure and its strategy of idiomatic
which used by the translator in translating the idioms that applied in the novel of
“The Fault in Our Stars” by John Green which translated by Ingrid Dwijani
Nimpoeno.

C. Research Question
Based on the focus of the study above, the research question for this research
are as follow:
1. What are the types of procedure translation used by the translator in the
novel of The Fault in Our Stars by Ingrid Dwijani Nimpoeno?
2. How are the strategy of idiom applied in the translation of The Fault in
Our Stars by Ingrid Dwijani Nimpoeno ?
D. Objective of the Research

To find the objective of this research, the researcher is aimed to:

a. To know what are the types of procedure translation used by the translator in
The Fault in Our Stars novel.
b. To find out the translation strategy of idiom applied by the translator in The
Fault in Our Stars novel.

E. Significance of the Research

Based on the research question above, the researcher hoped this research can
be increase knowledge for the reader about the translation procedure and the strategy
of idiom, especially from the best seller this novel to become the topic of this research
so that the readers know and get more information about translation procedure and its
strategy of idiom.

F. Research Methodology
1. Methods of the Research

This research uses qualitative descriptive method to analyze problem solving

and get the conclusion of this research. The researcher do several steps as following:
First, the researcher reads the original novel in English Source Languange(SL).Then,
compared it which is already translated form in Indonesia Target Languange(TL).
After that, the researcher marks the idiom applied by the translator in the novel. Last,
the researcher describing and explaining the results of the research based on related
theories.

2. Technique of Data Collection

The researcher took the data in The Fault in Our Stars novel by John Green.
The data on this research is about the types of procedure translation and the startegy
of idiomatic which were found and already translated or Indonesian written by Ingrid
Dwijani Nimpoeno. The technique data of analysis this research analyzed based on
the relevant theories qualiatitative descriptive supported by supporting theories.
3. Instrument of the Research

The instrument of this research is the researcher herself to collect the data by
reading, comparing, marking, classifying and explaining the data of procedure
translation and its strategy of idioms in The Fault in Our Stars novel.

4. The unit of Analysis

The unit of analysis this research are The Fault in Ours Stars novel written by
American author John Green which published in New York, January 2012 and
Indonesian translated version by Ingrid Dwijani Nimpoeno published by PT Mizan
Pustaka,December 2012.

5. Technique of Data Analysis

The researcher will be analyzed in qualitative data by doing some steps:
Firstly, the researcher analyzing the types of procedure translation that has been used
by the translator to translate the procedure based on Peter Newmark theory, Then
classifying the translation strategy of idiomatic translation based on Mona baker’s
theory to get the conclusion or result of using those procedure translation and the
strategies of idiomatic that applied in The Fault in Our Stars novel by the translator.

6. Research Design

The researcher uses qualitative data to analyze the research about the types of
procedure translation and its strategies of idiomatic translation applied in The Fault in
Our Stars novel which translaated by Ingrid Dwijani Nimpoeno. Qualitative
researchers are interested in understanding the meaning people have constructed, that
is, how people make sense of their world and the experiences they have in the world.
(Merriam, 2009, p. 13). Qualitative research is research using methods such as
participant observation or case studies which result in a narrative, descriptive account
of a setting or practice. Sociologists using these methods typically reject positivism
and adopt a form of interpretive sociology (Parkinson & Drislane, 2011). In
 conclusion, qualitative research involves collecting and/or working with text, images,
or sounds.

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Carstairs-McCarthy, Andrew. 1994. Suppletion. In Asher, S. and Simpson, F. (eds.), The

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G. Parkinson, R. Drislane. 2011, Qualitative research. In Online

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Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. San

Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Nababan, M., R. (2008) Teori menerjemah bahasa Inggris. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar

Newmark, P. (1988). A Textbook of Translation.China:Pearson Education Limited

Nida, Eugene A. and Charles R. Taber. 1984. The Theory and Practice of Translation Leiden.
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