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MULTIPLE CHOICE
DIF: Moderate REF: p. 27 OBJ: Relate the history of the term “atom.”
2. The first person to describe an element as being composed of identical atoms was
__________.
a. J. J. Thomson
b. John Dalton
c. Dmitri Mendeleev
d. Niels Bohr
ANS: B
The first person to describe an element as being composed of identical atoms was John
Dalton.
3. The smallest particle that has all the properties of an element is a(n) __________.
a. neutron
b. proton
c. electron
d. atom
ANS: D
The smallest particle that has all the properties of an element is an atom.
4. The periodic table of the elements was developed by __________ in the late 19th century.
a. Bohr
b. Rutherford
c. Mendeleev
d. Roentgen
ANS: C
The Periodic Table was developed by Mendeleev.
10. The binding energies, or energy levels, of electrons are represented by their ___________.
a. atomic numbers
b. atomic mass units
c. shells
d. isotopes
ANS: C
The binding energies, or energy levels, of electrons are represented by their shells.
11. When an atom has the same number of protons as another, but a different number of neutrons,
it is called an __________.
a. isomer
b. isobar
c. isotone
d. isotope
ANS: D
When an atom has the same number of protons as another, but a different number of neutrons,
it is called an isotope.
13. An atom that loses or gains one or more electrons is a(n) ________.
a. ion
b. molecule
c. isotope
d. isomer
ANS: A
An atom that loses or gains one or more electrons is an ion.
14. The maximum number of electrons that can exist in an electron shell is calculated with the
formula _____.
a. 2n
b. 2n2
c. 2/n
d. 2/n2
ANS: B
The number of electrons in an electron shell is calculated with the formula 2n2.
15. A neutral atom has the same number of _________ and electrons.
a. quarks
b. neutrinos
c. neutrons
d. protons
ANS: D
A neutral atom has the same number of protons and electrons.
19. Aluminum has an atomic number of 13. How many protons does it have?
a. 13
b. 26
c. 27
d. None of the above
ANS: A
The atomic number equals the number of protons in an atom.
20. Two identical atoms which exist at different energy states are called ____________.
a. isotopes
b. isomers
c. isotones
d. isobars
ANS: B
Two identical atoms which exist at different energy states are called isomers.
21. The atomic number of molybdenum is 42 and the atomic mass number is 98. How many
neutrons does it have?
a. 42
b. 98
c. 21
d. 56
ANS: D
The number of neutrons is equal to A–Z.
24. The only difference between x-rays and gamma rays is their _________.
a. energy
b. size
c. origin
d. name
ANS: C
The only difference between x-rays and gamma rays is their origin.