WHAT IS MECHANICAL ENGINEERING?

Mechanical engineering is one of the broadest engineering fields. Mechanical

engineering is the study of physical machines that may involve force and
movement. It is an engineering branch that combines engineering physics and
mathematics principles with materials science, to design, analyze, manufacture,
and maintain mechanical systems.
Mechanical engineering, the branch of engineering concerned with the design,
manufacture, installation, and operation of engines and machines and with
manufacturing processes. It is particularly concerned with forces and motion.

WHAT MECHANICAL ENGINEERS DO?

Mechanical engineers design power-producing machines, such as electric
generators, internal combustion engines, and steam and gas turbines, as well as
power-using machines, such as refrigeration and air-conditioning systems.
Mechanical engineers design other machines inside buildings, such as elevators
and escalators.
Mechanical engineers are problem solvers who apply their skills to design,
develop, build, and test all sorts of mechanical devices, tools, engines, and
machines in just about every type of industry. As a mechanical engineer, you’ll
work on teams to develop a wide range of products and systems including,
transmissions, engine parts, aircraft engines, control systems, prosthetic devices,
disk drives, printers, semiconductor tools, sensors, gas turbines, wind turbines,
fuel cells, compressors, robots, machine tools, space shuttle vehicles, turbines,
pumps, power plants, factories, and more.

HOW DOES AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WORK?

Combustion, also known as burning, is the basic chemical process of releasing
energy from a fuel and air mixture. In an internal combustion engine (ICE), the
ignition and combustion of the fuel occurs within the engine itself. The engine
then partially converts the energy from the combustion to work. The engine
consists of a fixed cylinder and a moving piston. The expanding combustion gases
push the piston, which in turn rotates the crankshaft. Ultimately, through a
system of gears in the powertrain, this motion drives the vehicle’s wheels.
There are two kinds of internal combustion engines currently in production: the
spark ignition gasoline engine and the compression ignition diesel engine. Most of
these are four-stroke cycle engines, meaning four piston strokes are needed to
complete a cycle. The cycle includes four distinct processes: intake, compression,
combustion and power stroke, and exhaust.
Spark ignition gasoline and compression ignition diesel engines differ in how they
supply and ignite the fuel. In a spark ignition engine, the fuel is mixed with air and
then inducted into the cylinder during the intake process. After the piston
compresses the fuel-air mixture, the spark ignites it, causing combustion. The
expansion of the combustion gases pushes the piston during the power stroke. In
a diesel engine, only air is inducted into the engine and then compressed. Diesel
engines then spray the fuel into the hot compressed air at a suitable, measured
rate, causing it to ignite.

References:
https://www.me.iastate.edu/new-homepage/what-does-a-mechanical-engineer-
do/
https://www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-and-engineering/mechanical-
engineers.htm#:~:text=Mechanical%20engineers%20design%20power
%2Dproducing,such%20as%20elevators%20and%20escalators.
https://www.energy.gov/eere/vehicles/articles/internal-combustion-engine-
basics#:~:text=The%20engine%20consists%20of%20a,motion%20drives%20the
%20vehicle’s%20wheels.
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