IE431 CH7

King Abdulaziz University

HW6
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Industrial
Engineering

IE431
Quality Control
Homework

Name ID
1. Mohammed Ahmed Bataweel 1937938
2. Fawaz Zafer Alqrni 1936313
3. Abdulaziz Ali Alahmadi 1935003
4. Mohammed Angawi 1847939

ENGINEERING
ASSIGNMENT
Page 1 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

Table of Contents
List of Table .................................................................................................................................... 3
List of Figure................................................................................................................................... 4
Managerial Report .......................................................................................................................... 5
Technical Report ............................................................................................................................. 7
Problem statement ....................................................................................................................... 7
Problem 1 .................................................................................................................................... 7
Problem 2 .................................................................................................................................. 10
Problem 4 .................................................................................................................................. 10
Problem 8 .................................................................................................................................. 11
Problem 10 ................................................................................................................................ 13
Problem 12 ................................................................................................................................ 14
Problem 15 ................................................................................................................................ 16
Problem 19 ................................................................................................................................ 17
Problem 21 ................................................................................................................................ 17
Problem 22 ................................................................................................................................ 18
Problem 26 ................................................................................................................................ 18
Problem 32 ................................................................................................................................ 19
Problem 33 ................................................................................................................................ 20
Problem 44 ................................................................................................................................ 20
Problem 47 ................................................................................................................................ 21
Problem 48 ................................................................................................................................ 22
Problem 49 ................................................................................................................................ 23
Problem 54 ................................................................................................................................ 25
Problem 62 ................................................................................................................................ 26
Conclusion ................................................................................................................................ 28
Appendix ................................................................................................................................... 29

Page 2 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

List of Table
Table 1: P values ........................................................................................................................... 10
Table 2: Q7.8 Data ........................................................................................................................ 11
Table 3: Control limits data .......................................................................................................... 12
Table 4: np limits .......................................................................................................................... 12
Table 5: P values of each day ....................................................................................................... 15
Table 6: Given information ........................................................................................................... 16
Table 7: Given information ........................................................................................................... 17
Table 8: data for standardized chart .............................................................................................. 21
Table 9: data used for c chart ........................................................................................................ 22
Table 10: data used for u chart ...................................................................................................... 24
Table 11: Q7.54 Data .................................................................................................................... 25
Table 12: Q7.54 values ................................................................................................................. 26
Table 13: C chart limits................................................................................................................. 26
Table 14: U chart limits ................................................................................................................ 26
Table 15: Q7.62 Data .................................................................................................................... 27
Table 16: U chart limits ................................................................................................................ 27
Table 17: Q7.8 Plot data ............................................................................................................... 29

Page 3 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

List of Figure
Figure 1: Run chart ......................................................................................................................... 7
Figure 2: Q7.1 C chart .................................................................................................................... 8
Figure 3: Q7.1 P chart ..................................................................................................................... 8
Figure 4: X^Bar chart ..................................................................................................................... 9
Figure 5: Range chart ...................................................................................................................... 9
Figure 6 S-Chart for the Given Data ............................................................................................. 10
Figure 7: NP Control chart ............................................................................................................ 13
Figure 8: p-chart ............................................................................................................................ 13
Figure 9: Revised control chart for the data.................................................................................. 14
Figure 10: P-chart for the process ................................................................................................. 15
Figure 11: sample size formula ..................................................................................................... 17
Figure 12 7.32 P Chart .................................................................................................................. 19
Figure 13: formula of z for standardized chart ............................................................................. 21
Figure 14: Standardized chart ....................................................................................................... 22
Figure 15: c chart .......................................................................................................................... 23
Figure 16: u chart .......................................................................................................................... 25

Page 4 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

Managerial Report
This task divided into two tasks, the first one is to construct control charts using a given data, the
second one is to solve some determined questions from chapter seven which related to attribute
control charts from introduction to statistical quality book. The solutions of the problems as
follows:
Problem 7.2:
In this situation an investigation needs to be applied in order to find out the real reason that made
these points under the Lower Control Limit. If it was because of an External Purpose then these
points have to be dropped in order to make a Revised Control Chart. If the purpose was Internal
then the process is considered to be Out of Control.
Problem 7.4:
To ensure that LCL is greater than zero, use 𝑛 ≥ 76.
Problem 7.8:
It’s clear that there is an out-of-control value which means the insurance clam data is out of control
and there is a need for an investigation plan to identify the causes of this problem.
Problem 7.10:
There are two points out of control which are point 9 and 17 and we will conduct a revised control
chart after eliminating them.
Problem 7.12:
To ensure that LCL is greater than zero, use 𝑛 ≥ 531.
Problem 7.15:
𝑃(𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑐𝑡|0.04) = 1 − 0.731 = 0.269
𝑃(𝐵𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑛𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑟𝑑 𝑑𝑎𝑦) = 1 − (1 − 0.269)3 = 0.6094
Problem 7.19:
So, the required sample size is 81 to detect a shift in the process fraction nonconforming to 0.20
with probability 0.50
Problem 7.21:
P(detect|0.1) = 1 − 0.725 = 0.275
P(detect first or second) = 0.275 + (1 − 0.275) ∗ 0.275 = 0.4743

Page 5 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

Problem 7.22:
the value of n necessary to give a probability of 0.50 of detecting a shift in the process to 0.26
n = 26
Problem 7.26:
n = 100
Problem 7.32:
the Process is In Control. The used Set of Limits of the Possible Sample Sizes are LCL, CL, UCL,
UCL – 100, UCL – 150, UCL – 200, UCL – 250
Problem 7.33:
(1−0.02)
n=( ) × (1.645) ² = 132
0.02

Problem 7.44
𝐾 2 𝑁𝑃(1 − 𝑃)
𝑁>
𝑃
Problem 7.47
The process is in control.
Problem 7.48
There is one points out of the upper limit, which is point 8 from the plate number 13, so the process
is out of control.
Problem 7.49
the process is in control.
Problem 7.54
The limits for c chart is UCL = 13.34847 and CL = 6 and LCL = 0. Limits for u chart is UCL =
9.674326 and CL = 6 and LCL = 2.325765
Problem 7.62
The limits for u chart is UCL = 2.015503 and CL = 1.4 and LCL = 0.784497

Page 6 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

Technical Report
Problem statement
The problems in this assignment where about the attribute control charts. That include the P chart,
np chart, c chart and u chart. A lot of the problems have one thing in common which is to calculate
the control limits for any given chart. On the other hand, other problems will require in addition to
the limits the control chart to see if its in control or out of control. Another problem is the variability
in n which has three different approaches to solve, and it’s required to solve it in these approaches.
Another thing that’s required and that was to identify the number of samples necessary to have a
certain result such as making the LCL positive or to insure to detect the shift in process mean. Last
thing is to establish a revised control chart after the original one and comparing the two charts.

Problem 1

Run Chart
208
206
204
202
200
198
196
194
192
190
211

596

981
1
36
71
106
141
176

246
281
316
351
386
421
456
491
526
561

631
666
701
736
771
806
841
876
911
946

Figure 1: Run chart

Page 7 of 29
 IE431

0
2
4
6
8
10
12
16
18

14

0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1 1
36 36
71 71
106 106
141 141
176 176
211 211
246 246
281 281
316 316

Live P
351 Live DPU 351
386 386
421 421
456 456

UCL
491 491
UCL
CH7

C chart

526

P Chart
526

Page 8 of 29
561 561

CL
596 596

Figure 3: Q7.1 P chart

Figure 2: Q7.1 C chart
CL

631 631
666 666
701 701

LCL
736 736
LCL

771 771
806 806
841 841
876 876
911 911
946 946
981 981
HW6
IE431 CH7 HW6

X^bar chart

2.07
2.02
1.97
1.92
1.87
1.82
1.77
1.72

331

892
1
34
67
100
133
166
199
232
265
298

364
397
430
463
496
529
562
595
628
661
694
727
760
793
826
859

925
958
991
UCL CL LCL X^bars

Figure 4: X^Bar chart

Range chart

50

40

30

20

10

0
34

661
1

67
100
133
166
199
232
265
298
331
364
397
430
463
496
529
562
595
628

694
727
760
793
826
859
892
925
958
991

UCL CL LCL R^bars

Figure 5: Range chart

As it’s shown in Figure 6 S-Chart for the Given Data, the researchers used Microsoft Excel
Software to draw the S-chart following the same steps that the book followed. There are some
points above the Upper Control Limit, therefore the process is Out of Control.

Page 9 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

S Chart

2.
5

S C U LC
L CL L
Figure 6 S-Chart for the Given Data

Problem 2
The answer is no. If some Points were plotted below the lower control limit on a fraction
nonconforming control chart (assuming that the LCL > 0) it doesn’t mean that there has been an
improvement in the Process Quality. In this situation an investigation needs to be applied in order
to find out the real reason that made these points under the Lower Control Limit. If it was because
of an External Purpose then these points have to be dropped in order to make a Revised Control
Chart. If the purpose was Internal then the process is considered to be Out of Control.

Problem 4
In this problem, the researchers have to determine the suitable sample size that will give a positive
LCL instead of zero using the next formula and assuming three-sigma limits.

The next table shows the value of p.

Table 1: P values

Day Nonconforming P
1 0 0
2 3 0.06
3 4 0.08
4 6 0.12
5 5 0.1
6 2 0.04

Page 10 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

7 8 0.16
8 9 0.18
9 4 0.08
10 2 0.04
11 6 0.12
12 4 0.08
13 8 0.16
14 0 0
15 7 0.14
16 20 0.4
17 6 0.12
18 1 0.02
19 5 0.1
20 7 0.14
Sum 107 2.14
P 0.107 0.107

(1 − 0.107)
𝑛> ∗ (3)2
0.107
𝑛 > 75.112
𝑛 ≥ 76
• To ensure that LCL is greater than zero, use 𝑛 ≥ 76.

Problem 8
In this problem what’s required is to set up an np control chart and identifying the upper and lower
control limits. There are 20 samples with 50 readings in each one. The following table has the data
from the problem.
Table 2: Q7.8 Data

Day No Of
Nonconforming
1 0
2 3
3 4
4 6
5 5
6 2
7 8
8 9
9 4
10 2
11 6

Page 11 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

12 4
13 8
14 0
15 7
16 20
17 6
18 1
19 5
20 7
Total 107

To calculate the upper and lower limits for the np chart the following is required. P bar is calculated
by dividing the total of nonconforming by the number of samples which is 20.
Table 3: Control limits data

m 20
n 50
P bar 0.107

Now everything is ready to calculate the control limits the following equation is used to calculate
the control limits.

𝑛𝑝 ± 3√𝑛𝑝(1 − 𝑃)

The control limits results are showing in the table.

Table 4: np limits

np limits
UCL CL LCL
11.90 5.35 0

In the following figure is the np control chart for the problem. The plot data can be seen in the
appendix.

Page 12 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

NP CHART
25

20

15

10

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

No Of Nonfonforming UCL CL LCL

Figure 7: NP Control chart

It’s clear that there is an out-of-control value which means the insurance clam data is out of control
and there is a need for an investigation plan to identify the causes of this problem.

Problem 10
In this problem, the researchers have been asked to construct a control chart for a process that
produces switches to know if the process in control. Next figure shows P-chart for the process, and
Table 6 shows the values of P of each day.

P-CHART
0.12

0.1

0.08

0.06

0.04

0.02

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

P CL UCL LCL

Figure 8: p-chart

Page 13 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

As shown from the figure there are two points out of control which are point 9 and 17 and we will
conduct a revised control chart after eliminating them.

Revised control chart

0.06

0.05

0.04
CL

0.03 UCL
LCL
0.02
P

0.01

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Figure 9: Revised control chart for the data

This figure shows the process after eliminating the points 9 and 17 and we call it revised control
chart

Problem 12
In this problem, the researchers have been asked to construct a control chart for a process that
produces titanium forgings for automobile turbocharger wheels. Next figure shows P-chart for the
process, and Table 5 shows the values of P of each day.

Page 14 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

P-chart
0.06

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.01

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

P UCL CL LCL

Figure 10: P-chart for the process

Table 5: P values of each day

Day Nonconforming P
1 3 0.02
2 2 0.013333
3 4 0.026667
4 2 0.013333
5 5 0.033333
6 2 0.013333
7 1 0.006667
8 2 0.013333
9 0 0
10 5 0.033333
11 2 0.013333
12 4 0.026667
13 1 0.006667
14 3 0.02
15 6 0.04
16 0 0
17 1 0.006667
18 2 0.013333
19 3 0.02
20 2 0.013333
Sum 50 0.333333
P 0.016666667 0.016667

Page 15 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

Now the researchers have to determine the suitable sample size to get a positive LCL.

(1 − 0.016667)
𝑛> ∗ (3)2
0.016667
𝑛 > 530.989
𝑛 ≥ 531
• To ensure that LCL is greater than zero, use 𝑛 ≥ 531.

Problem 15
In this problem, the researchers have to determine the probability of detecting a shift in the fraction
nonconforming to 0.04. The next table shows the given information.
Table 6: Given information

n 50
P 0.02

𝑃𝑏𝑎𝑟 (1 − 𝑃𝑏𝑎𝑟 )
𝑈𝐶𝐿 = 𝑃 𝑏𝑎𝑟
+3∗√ = 0.0794
𝑛

𝑃𝑏𝑎𝑟 (1 − 𝑃𝑏𝑎𝑟 )
𝐿𝐶𝐿 = 𝑃 𝑏𝑎𝑟
−3∗√ =0
𝑛

To find the probability of detecting a shift in the fraction nonconforming to 0.04, the researchers
have to use β.

𝑃(𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑐𝑡|0.04) = 1 − 𝛽
𝛽 = 𝑃{𝐷 < 50(0.0794)|0.04} − 𝑃{𝐷 ≤ 50(0)|0.04} = 𝑃{𝐷 < 3|0.04} − 𝑃{𝐷 ≤ 0|0.04}
𝛽 = 0.8609 − 0.1299 = 0.731
𝑃(𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑐𝑡|0.04) = 1 − 0.731 = 0.269
𝑃(𝐵𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑛𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑟𝑑 𝑑𝑎𝑦) = 1 − (1 − 0.269)3 = 0.6094
Page 16 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

Problem 19
A company want to establish a control chart for the fraction nonconforming using a center line of
p = 0.10 and want to know the sample size required if they wish to detect a shift in the process
fraction nonconforming to 0.20

Figure 11: sample size formula

As shown from the above formula we can find the sample size for this problem. L will equal to 3
because three-sigma limits are used.
P = 0.1
P shift = 0.2
δ = 0.2 – 0.1 = 0.1
3 2
n = (0.1) ∗ (0.1)(1 − 0.1) = 81

so, the required sample size is 81 to detect a shift in the process fraction nonconforming to 0.20
with probability 0.50

Problem 21
In this problem, the researchers have to calculate the upper and lower limits, then find some needed
probabilities. The next table shows the given information.
Table 7: Given information

n 400
P 0.07

𝑃𝑏𝑎𝑟 (1 − 𝑃𝑏𝑎𝑟 )
𝑈𝐶𝐿 = 𝑃𝑏𝑎𝑟 + 3 ∗ √ = 0.1083
𝑛

𝑃𝑏𝑎𝑟 (1 − 𝑃𝑏𝑎𝑟 )
𝐿𝐶𝐿 = 𝑃𝑏𝑎𝑟 − 3 ∗ √ = 0.0317
𝑛

Page 17 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

𝑃(𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑐𝑡|0.1) = 1 − 𝛽
𝛽 = 𝑃{𝐷 < 400(0.1083)|0.1} − 𝑃{𝐷 ≤ 400(0.0317)|0.1}
= 𝑃{𝐷 < 43|0.1} − 𝑃{𝐷 ≤ 12|0.1}
𝛽 = 0.725 − 0 = 0.725
𝑃(𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑐𝑡|0.1) = 1 − 0.725 = 0.275
𝑃(𝑑𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑) = 0.275 + (1 − 0.275) ∗ 0.275 = 0.4743

Problem 22
In this problem we need to calculate the Sample Size for two cases, with the given Center Limit,
and the value of L.
CL = P = 0.20
Three Sigma Control Limits: L = 3
To find the sample size required to yield a positive lower control limit we need to use the Law of:
(1−𝑃)
n=( ) × L²
𝑃
(1−0.20)
n=( ) × 3²
0.20

n = 36
To find the value of n necessary to give a probability of 0.50 of detecting a shift in the process to
0.26 we will use the same Law but with some changes in the Values:
P = 0.26
(𝟏−𝟎.𝟐𝟔)
n=( ) × 3²
𝟎.𝟐𝟔

n = 26

Problem 26
In this problem we need to find the Sample Size of the process with the given Control Limits.
Given Control Limits:
UCL = 0.19

Page 18 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

CL = 0.10
LCL = 0.01
First, as the Three Sigma Limits were used, we need to calculate the Standard Deviation by using
the Law of:
UCL = CL + 3σ
0.19 = 0.10 + 3σ
σ = 0.03
Now, we can calculate the Sample Size by using the Law of:

𝑷(𝟏−𝑷)
σ=√ 𝒏

0.10(1−0.10)
0.03 = √ 𝑛

n = 100

Problem 32
As its clear in Figure 12 7.32 P Chart, the Process is In Control. The used Set of Limits of the
Possible Sample Sizes are LCL, CL, UCL, UCL – 100, UCL – 150, UCL – 200, UCL – 250. This
method is supposed to be easy to use in practice because it considers all the possible different
situations of the Sample Sizes therefore, it could be very helpful to use this Method to have a wide
clear view on all the situations.

P chart
0.07

0.06

0.05

0.04

0.03

0.02
UCL-250 UCL-200 UCL-150 UCL-100 CL LCL
Figure 12 7.32 P Chart

Page 19 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

Problem 33
In this problem, we need to calculate the Sample Size (n) with some given data.
Given Data
P = 0.02
α = 0.95
To Calculate the Sample Size, we are going to use the Law of:
(𝟏−𝑷)
n=( ) × L²
𝑷

But first, we need to find Zα in order to estimate L which will be used in the Law.
Z₀.₉₅ = 1.645
Now, we can apply the Law to find the Sample Size (n).
(1−0.02)
n=( ) × (1.645) ² = 132
0.02

Problem 44
In this problem its required to identify the right formula for the LCL so that the limit can not be a
negative value only positive. The step are shown below.
The lower control limit for np chart is:

𝐿𝐶𝐿 = 𝑁𝑃 − 𝐾√𝑁𝑃(1 − 𝑃)

Since the lower limit must be positive than the formula will be:

𝑁𝑃 − 𝐾√𝑁𝑃(1 − 𝑃) > 0

And since the required in the number of samples that will make the lower limit positive than the
equation will be:

𝑁𝑃 > 𝐾√𝑁𝑃(1 − 𝑃)

Page 20 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

𝐾√𝑁𝑃(1 − 𝑃)
𝑁>
𝑃

The final equation that will ensure the lower limit to be positive is:

𝐾 2 𝑁𝑃(1 − 𝑃)
𝑁>
𝑃

Problem 47
A researcher want to construct a standardized control chart for a personal computer inspecting
results and we will construct it as follows:

Figure 13: formula of z for standardized chart

For this problem we will use the formula of Z to find the points that we will plot it in the
standardized chart.

𝑝(1−𝑝)
σ=√ 𝑛

Table 8: data for standardized chart

Pi n Standard Zi LCL UCL

deviation
0.05 80 0.026962 -0.44507 -3 3
0.064 110 0.022993 0.086982 -3 3
0.056 90 0.02542 -0.23603 -3 3
0.107 75 0.027846 1.616017 -3 3
0.046 130 0.021151 -0.75647 -3 3
0.05 120 0.022014 -0.5451 -3 3
0.057 70 0.028824 -0.17347 -3 3
0.04 125 0.02157 -1.01995 -3 3
0.076 105 0.023534 0.594875 -3 3
0.074 95 0.024742 0.485005 -3 3
̅ = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟐
𝒑

Page 21 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

Standardized Chart
4

1 Z Points
0 UCL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
-1 LCL

-2

-3

-4

Figure 14: Standardized chart

As shown from above figure the process is in control.

Problem 48
A company that produced rectangular steel plates take a 25 sample for these steel plates and surface
defects have been counted on it. This company want to know if the process still in control.
Sum of number of nonconformities = 59
𝟓𝟗
𝑐̅ = = 𝟐. 𝟑𝟔
𝟐𝟓
UCL = 𝑐̅ + 𝟑√𝑐̅ = 2.36+3(1.54) = 6.98

LCL = 𝑐̅ + 𝟑√𝑐̅ = 2.36-3(1.54) = -2.26 ≅ 0

Table 9: data used for c chart

Number of CL LCL UCL

nonconformities
1 2.36 0 6.98
0 2.36 0 6.98
4 2.36 0 6.98
3 2.36 0 6.98
1 2.36 0 6.98
2 2.36 0 6.98
5 2.36 0 6.98
0 2.36 0 6.98
2 2.36 0 6.98
Page 22 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

1 2.36
1 2.36
0 2.36
8 2.36
0 2.36
2 2.36
1 2.36
3 2.36
5 2.36
4 2.36
6 2.36
3 2.36
1 2.36
0 2.36
2 2.36
4 2.36
0 6.98
0 6.98
0 6.98
0 6.98
0 6.98
0 6.98
0 6.98
0 6.98
0 6.98
0 6.98
0 6.98
0 6.98
0 6.98
0 6.98
0 6.98
0 6.98

C chart
9
8
7
6
UCL
5
CL
4
LCL
3
Points
2
1
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

Figure 15: c chart

As shown from the plot there is one points out of the upper limit, which is point 8 from the plate
number 13, so the process is out of control.

Problem 49
A paper mill uses a control chart to monitor the imperfection in finished rolls of paper and want to
know if the process is in control. First of all, we will use these formulas to find the control limits
for this case:

Page 23 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

̅
𝑢
UCL = 𝑢̅ + 𝟑√
𝑛
𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝒏𝒐 𝒐𝒇 𝒊𝒎𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒇𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝑢̅ =
𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝒏𝒐 𝒐𝒇 𝒓𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒔

̅
𝑢
UCL = 𝑢̅ − 𝟑√
𝑛

Table 10: data used for u chart

Number No of u LCL CL UCL

of rolls imperfection
18 12 0.666667 0.108814 0.70073 1.292646
18 14 0.777778 0.108814 0.70073 1.292646
24 20 0.833333 0.188115 0.70073 1.213345
22 18 0.818182 0.165321 0.70073 1.236139
22 15 0.681818 0.165321 0.70073 1.236139
22 12 0.545455 0.165321 0.70073 1.236139
20 11 0.55 0.139189 0.70073 1.262271
20 15 0.75 0.139189 0.70073 1.262271
20 12 0.6 0.139189 0.70073 1.262271
20 10 0.5 0.139189 0.70073 1.262271
18 18 1 0.108814 0.70073 1.292646
18 14 0.777778 0.108814 0.70073 1.292646
18 9 0.5 0.108814 0.70073 1.292646
20 10 0.5 0.139189 0.70073 1.262271
20 14 0.7 0.139189 0.70073 1.262271
20 13 0.65 0.139189 0.70073 1.262271
24 16 0.666667 0.188115 0.70073 1.213345
24 18 0.75 0.188115 0.70073 1.213345
22 20 0.909091 0.165321 0.70073 1.236139
21 17 0.809524 0.152722 0.70073 1.248738
𝑢̅ =
0.70073

Page 24 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

u chart
1.4

1.2

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

UCL LCL CL P

Figure 16: u chart

As shown from the above figure the process is in control.

Problem 54
What needs to be determined in this problem are the control limits for the C chart and U chart
based on a new n (inspection units) equal to 4.
First the required data for the problem is in the next table.
Table 11: Q7.54 Data

Deck No of
nonconformities
2412 0
2413 1
2414 1
2415 0
2416 2
2417 1
2418 1
2419 3
2420 2
2421 1
2422 0

Page 25 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

2423 3
2424 2
2425 5
2426 1
2427 2
2428 1
2429 1
Total 27

The following equations will be used to calculate the control limits for both charts.

𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑡: 𝑛 ∗ 𝑐̅ ± 3√𝑐̿

𝑢̿
𝑈 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑡: 𝑛 ∗ 𝑢̅ ± 3√
𝑛

Last thing is the following values in the table to calculate the control limits for both charts.
Table 12: Q7.54 values

n 4
U bar 1.5
C bar 1.5

Now the following tables have the results for both charts.
Table 13: C chart limits

C chart limits using n

UCL CL LCL
13.34847 6 0

Table 14: U chart limits

U chart limits using n

UCL CL LCL
9.674235 6 2.325765

Problem 62
In this problem is to be determined the control limits for the U chart using the probability of the
limits. The following equations will be used to calculate the limits.

Page 26 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

̅
𝑈
̅ + 𝑍 0.95 ∗ √
𝑈𝐶𝐿: 𝑈
𝑛

̅
𝑈
̅ − 𝑍 0.05 ∗ √
𝐿𝐶𝐿: 𝑈
𝑛
The following values are needed to calculate the limits.
Table 15: Q7.62 Data

n 10
Z0.95 1.645
Z0.05 1.645
Cl 1.4

Finally, the control limits can be calculated, and the results are showing in the next table.
Table 16: U chart limits

U chart
UCL CL LCL
2.015503 1.4 0.784497

Page 27 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

Conclusion
By reaching the end of Assignment 6, we can say that we learned a lot of beneficial knowledge
which can be put in practice in our field of interest. In Chapter 7, we applied all the remained
Control Charts and got the idea of their usage probably. We learned different types of Control
Charts such as P-Chart, C-Chart, S-Chart, and U-Chart. We also applied the Control Charts that
we studied in Chapter 6 which are X Bar, and R Charts. Now, we consider ourselves able to apply
all these different types of Charts in a proper way and get the most accurate results that describes
any process in the field.

Page 28 of 29
IE431 CH7 HW6

Appendix
Table 17: Q7.8 Plot data

Day No Of UCL CL LCL

Nonconforming
1 0 11.90728 5.35 0
2 3 11.90728 5.35 0
3 4 11.90728 5.35 0
4 6 11.90728 5.35 0
5 5 11.90728 5.35 0
6 2 11.90728 5.35 0
7 8 11.90728 5.35 0
8 9 11.90728 5.35 0
9 4 11.90728 5.35 0
10 2 11.90728 5.35 0
11 6 11.90728 5.35 0
12 4 11.90728 5.35 0
13 8 11.90728 5.35 0
14 0 11.90728 5.35 0
15 7 11.90728 5.35 0
16 20 11.90728 5.35 0
17 6 11.90728 5.35 0
18 1 11.90728 5.35 0
19 5 11.90728 5.35 0
20 7 11.90728 5.35 0

Page 29 of 29