Professional Documents
Culture Documents
0
H9 dvuqen re place dbY Hydmgsn rePtaced bY
Hcrl oqen fn alibhorr"c l4alogen ln Qromatfr
hgdto carbon "cdmlasa) hydwcqrbon'('
+ Halogen banded *d 'rf
avbca'
l-laloq en bonded tasyS &tbon
C- L-x
I
R t
c'* l-x t
rl
'j.'l$lfl:f,o ' I
t
ef
x cLfioa
%Iilff;?J* pt' r
Arql
Vln ulic hXlr'dr
hJ'e'i't
*
C= L*X
t5P-A
C'arbon- '-
-.*-----
tro 'h'on
q eneral me lho* o PYQ
hdgg enahon
dlKcne e FrezYildr'coJ
*4 Q- c\ r Hcl
R-l-l * c 1z
SS
"age
l-lz - c l-1" *cFl3
.l cl t* ' F t, cH3-tff2-{ tl2'Lflscl
qyL Cl-13*c
+ cl
t l4g4kfr*t ,J *r,t*
I I
el ct
e haride exohanl?,
t* ch'on)
lll Ihrl,, dr Q-r ( Aln tcel stern TrI: )
ePi N dI
I Dr Q-l3Y
-#g - ft-c Ac- e Fe ne'
eg F av HT>€z
t3
cH3-F ( st^larf reaetior{
.1cq= cl OT { r:l{3 BY
-s"-- ot LoL ov Sb A3
a
dshd- Znclz-
RLX * Hz 0
R-oH + Fl x
. 0arboLajrlon fo"r,s
- ^ r '-r;;fr;")
Ue_enaleliett
Reac{r'vjty *1'd*hol ) toalcohol>loaltnho'l
arde{
-) HI > H6r >l'lcl t-rpt,rilir/ )
cHr,t'srnaxYe{{cl.oveSotttveac'L*eacily(rttozncl2Y<s1
ot-{cl it't.4ftuJres znclz- $ reaet
(" lcohol' I tvu havbtiltt utlfh
t{cl 'F znc l2 -r Lu cos Te-c.qeq* raulu:f)
lrlCo-O
Tt'me to
3t\,e furbi"L!+Y
+ t- mirl Srnin Somin
r ll
I.tu
:4 Nu-
NU-
,14
-+ -t
R
t,
aNu
R
rl
+
\t
llu.t
lr
' ,hfr
s
Ti.c,$rl@ i;u
( 4n1o41'6. \
I
-
inqqfu*)
R &
f
-Nu
e1*oPt'ite)
k^#-d pubstrafc] ["'u
ffi1fi,,
*o"*e "r, ftt#r*il* sewnd or{et
trxfr 1
&utt oI et^{
ac Qnt PhOH
gr^^ H-,0
"-( Hz S As* ,: <NHz
g !- > {\Y ) cf
I
F &(^-(.
Lt4s*Lfl2-o >
/*
A,
0l,l- < sH- (:) a
4!g
el! Nraf < Pn{
&tit.0
ft
4'tonah\e
AQnh'aYbtvcrh'e.
L} rl( I
ot^{- F
-> -
gasics**' F2ct I
,tavta {f p* <claBf z-t*
o 9{au.l}
6 L I'toudrg
E -a*
glf eqz* c -0
1l
D< furo -r lQ$ ') le er Baslc
o
o
U.-o, cFi*'8*a*
e9 +I -I k;.baLt-"
rnDYe Sqtl'c o
o . tt
LFg- l-o
0
L tus
oul. CVls- 3 -o
.L.r
t, d
rl
mrrcbalf '
rT.
1c?r barr'a :*ilJ; \cHg
ql4r c4g*a
Ph*0
&edt. $bqtic) ent
Polar 0 ou"oh'c
i
6Epeclrc4 *a m cre
tm"
to rnore 6n ator'' H lc naf
H i I tonrrcH
D tls
BcoorN
p
€Y, l'lz0 ; Q-oH , pho[, D !'.,
0'mB
H
o 9t SoWorler bott, ca)r'on lcan{oo l{t'.lPO-) FexametryX,
E)e Corrrpare q o$ sr.lr r€qotio n '!. er4{ 6onl>av* rote o}-- sNt
EH\
\rtr
On. Clra*c,
A,{
llr-.rl
I cl -'-"'q
u(H drt'l I
a
=3 n0
nnoEnlherco
^ifs, teufupcrwnlu6nl;,n. b
g)b
l'1
cli cAz is
Btn*neh
@ ,'#[i l?sl UuJP9
|*a *s*
lr
)-o-I-cFl3 (tig
@ F.cu"*c; Cllz-cul:-tt
l,
tl
a
E'
DR lr
ls _, a>b cHg* -o c rloJ-o-
-$
d raYboc'ct{rbo
C+aale
o -\ 'i
*\e rnorc
Cbarle t'S
6)
\./ -l-*-l I
-eHs -(Fs
Y$anahel Ata}ltt2r4
rL
9*d L, h,
J . €
lesS LqgtC
b>4 {, bzq
(u:,osQ lt a u/"5
9rb'
a
i'
\:^
9j* Carlpave Ya*e' o$ st'lr reatb'o n !
@ hml>are' rale o$- sNL
ew3
o Hse
u(H=3
fi'r:el \rH
A,{
.d,x"l
c,r)-c
'
n0
r 20
cl
CI
o, (a, r
CI
& l1
@ u,c -.c
H
t
c
q<U ( IL t4 ) @ c*. L
cI
@ n
I
Ln:,ene'h
r trlor( tf,f'^.-i
u"f 'l
-V Srtl-r b>a
Bg66 s+abitr' ,"d
-
U/b r
chlorint.sc,
chlo'nne cadl leave'
7lb>a
g cq- ct,l -c,
I
ct ?
CI b'r
Qi.
.t
awd
leaut'rnq
Cl43
:t-,P
b >a ( g" ,r") Oi^l
o 0
*Cll *C tls /o lt
s*{ fra
G p-clr"-6s CVlza4rtl tt
a
16)
o
u,R
'll
- ll
CVle *c -{)
i
rg -, c>b CHr€-o
-rl
C rqYbocalrb'
S+aule rJ
o \ *Y€ cbdgefs rnore-
@ +-o I-eHs *cFs Yes anq n eL,& fa,bl lS 2e4
$^
9*d L, h,
J . @
less Lqst c
b>4 d,
GtouQleag/n5
bzq
9rb'
a
o P aLar 6)Pro'n'
L.Deo}*.Nu (J
',aluent)
gri t -4 Palav Paatt' Soluent +
StrcnJ N u ,('HYo
L *-> Palqr fr Prah'c ( o lv enl 4
aO 't 'CI t4
o{
S r.r Ir
,B T;ff::::rf! ^ Nu)
z'ilqryil z'wg+dwtu I "atrgy'/t ,dA q
,/ "/
?fit
{P
sN, e
gN
d 0 loen I
,1I
.--+ S iNz
I-{o H H
H
oI
R-SH
{
s p'
c
d- ty
A A-caN 1,
6.IIr R X "t- K4 N Lm4'ot
fonic bond
A R-N?C
or-l- A-x +
Fq ct-t ( rn"j'r )
bond "
Llrualtnh
+ ,0
K \0-;r1
R-x + gt."lo z-
ele ton,i.
R-sxo7*
E* RJ +
Agnfo?
n d eh Vdvo halfr
doueltor EU fl) in
a-lr'o
I L
@
d x
P@ L SWY' R'-X
+ B ---;6Jke0r+ fle
A 2 s[eP A-x -4
Ste,P l'J
$A ---aJLY.eoe
r' J f*r'r'l'oFr'
r
Order
u St arde{
x^udc]
;j:: il,' *
I h*'{,.'
bu* jl,ter g
La*e' d $unr 5 lYDh?
Strong
Rale d-
w eoJ<-
3n , ale*Jry/ A
r.tucteohhila
, ]&
o
ouTU'o-U& "'f #
N4 Nl"lz
[.*i*,
otde r
3'*',u6'tu]"r'de ruo n terr'tnd"rl"F'
f
es'h't n l,{n
9flle{{vt[4]'4]t --o Covbc 1*d
Le-au'g -4 &oud Lh ap,rht
3r? pTo h'c
goluen| "a fnvrqr+rlg'
\
c"#v |Blf'H)
,rb+ ll
Cl',l3
ldU'c @ C ele
-9
Clte
/'c \cH
B
p? It hr'
gr4.L 9 "f
erls cHg (4,t
c+c* L * n, Pn -rn
._--",.*-9 a'*l @ *_-> tqg *1" -- r ru
cHs lo" c crb I
cl'{?
,' PPS
>61sr H>o
-,
8o'c. I I
ry|tn o,
n
{r9lov
v g
frzO
Ot^{
I
:+ *--+ a? {avf s;y1
2aaoe
sd vd \
( r)
t t-l
o{,!l Hz0
eFc
^o 3*9 '!
.l
sut , HzO
*-+
Irr0
t
C
@ F--'*-, *)
,
r ,
'*
I
-1-
atA
CFt3f Na+ + ._r
l+ !tt,
-'--- { 4
A
l- *-*---*-)
Nd+
waior nq rnlnor
a
(- frd'
\ Pl,
gN s
Co rn Po r l'LOfl b tlt,
.Nt{
eo Q
^0
A
$I
N,
Lo u[rof
N[ (r'iturd-)
,re51 )
c ?, (1
P,n
loo 5ffTNtl
Wgh S.fror^X $rl
'l*
30 St'tl --r P-P Iauo r^uqlcNu
eL 1 p,6
2,
a
l P"P hrgh hJeal. Nu
E2 + h,'rh s+trrg nq
af,k,oH, NaNHe
$tton3 Nq '* cl{30 ,
EL
, L-+o + Hoffm nn?roa"*
a&tu&Mtr
ew- w -c*e, -a)c
Kot4 , (,L t,
CHs
A cn/ \ng
(
A. ,U .c
/ -.H3
(l"l 2- t4s
HzO
#
H
&(^{
ph
cl
ri
SN,
CNts
n ffi PN
"(aH L\
E €
,A Ph
c
,,,,Ir... , ,* rii
\,
a4g
cr4s
( rC / -o''
o
cH3*
elr
I
e *Ll
\ Hzo c r{}
cHg
.'r, * CHg
o
rl{q. ,cttz
tt
cH
- CFl3
ou Ll
alc ItoV L ?* lmaj or )
i
-A--) -1
i
lr
ff/d
:r
:r! i -.i
t. l
,.11 \
ir:r,-.II
I ! , l
i
' r' .i
i
6
n hIl'th 14
ea
d R*e +zNax
z Req eh'on R x +2 o{- e
o
eV
r,0u
€chan ls !]1
?ree1adico'Lrn
'
-s Cranl<lar td's Seqclion
o7n dnPlacr-o["Na
\- clt O
p edurlian ve al\ar\e
@ *--) R-H {- H-l
A-x + H>
Zn,*H t,
ztt +dHsLoofi
PedP IH r
t-lAtH.r
cY3oH
zo-L'u' Cooble l'n
&l#.q tt tt 1t
6r nard €Ssg"lt
R-x + Ytcl arvfg p- M -x
@
qt-cl
R
ao 0, oH
Frcr cfion
o
o Crl
*, R*t, -Fl '
p *I -r-r -+- PrM Ift R- C-u
S rru.teoplr'Ue ada 4 c
3* I
Rr A,
&Lt{
qqal o 6t+
@ nr,rctqphl{,lq_ 4ernina:}rba tlfi ,
vt*! -ta *.crf;et 4 H,* *H f
& Arid Eere
o rl eH3
OH
rlucleophiLL JL( bs.lifuhin fsr,rz) c1t-[+ + cryG*t*n1F,r
RoH
@ --a, ctls -l*r"t
t
p **cvt&
+
tffs*{*pu €ratr a € h
{! r,
+ ,o, -
o14 efrz
o o
u'f3
efi3 s3 6
&u{ ctltB FI o
*c- ail
5
l
co'lt f{esl'.t
l'f ro
--.+ t t
l+o'C cti,
o ----4--.-=,'
oH
ctrr*l'-H cHs* (I *tl FI,"foB cqs-1tr=cIn*P b %"
9B Pr, eltet
2ffj' pn a6sgot
H+
"l
etlz4h cr-rB-
rllu+h
RY
'1\
i
)w or :' t
o14
Wz
'+*-
eHs M bncPlJ,r,"y
l{f A ccl'l
t*tg
J,
-)
W
tgT
);* L,/
AE BT
Nttt adiltlon ell:lilnal;an 'SN
hiiu t
o
ol o
- !-R
lk't
eus-8-l + P-n1l. ?*4 t4s -cI +L
'-_;, -
C,Je
R 0* o
o l'l el ileq+)
cty*t-,.
Ph
. .,i !*rg *c* I
cl F1 cHz-'l *Ph
I
Ph
o o o
cf
d
d4
ph c; (erc clts-t-p b+t
eH5-I - c f,
Hza
e t-l
-!-.t * Cllg- l'*pt, Ha-l+
-t
I Ph Ph
l)h
o o o
4+*8:u
Cfulrl u tertor)
LI -Lt - t-l r, cvtr*lt*cl 3z'9'!
pr
Cl-|3
Cr,lB
t
*cl
I
cit3
oFI a
J,
olrJp.ns .CFts(lcl ahsJ -crrs
eHs
n e Reach'on
+
A l'{g X f l-t c-l
>--) Q*H + & f'ux cl
p- p1 't
cHsll?cl {- Ao tt --._-\
tt He1 +* RA*m1ct
6 o *
eHScHrr4lcl .t- R* c -Cl7 -+ it
(.n|tHs * cJ-o* Pr cj
I
t+
I
wqel
c\Nlet +
db -*> Rq {-
Nq4 llrrc Aubtg;p#on SNL
€ nf , "f* o&/s * E/ ee cHS* {*
il
etr(' Ww ma.n! Uf 3 h 6n\'na:,rc1 f s u*od:- +
ll
el*HLc --- cHB
l-1
4 +e4r
//
\14
o
P r l-aul
8*n
pS
4 +q+
,,C
v \.t *+ pefl' G.&
I
od
p eq &'on h CI D h il.t e
CH
CH*X
6 c Hr-x
Atc
tl
Cfr2a
. Nqryryr |il
c l-l
LHs Ll'l2 eH
"t file Kot't
II . rVaN{-lb r,I
c,-f
CFtfiy ct4 x
*rbl
cH, *X
6_lz qtqwl
:q Y:q, J*P
.1r,, *, ,hr-oH
el4r*Y-on +
,"'4 Hr- c!
CH2*'Cl
t{a ,+ C!{2- Crl
|
Cu, - cN
Hzi*
-'n
I
I
cH>-c*all
l1
a
zf>r rJg
cH3-cH (.,
-cl 14cl"l.
e.---.7 cHz-LH('=u
;2 r6a N
*w
"Hs-N \cao t,
l rorln
#*::1
I,
cHz* Cl
+ zndvt* a - ll
D (Hz
I * znbY
CHz-Ll cv12-
chs*c|lO0n<b; +1Zn
'tr:
-1 r1,,:. ''i
t,
t.
1 .'
rI
ll
I i.-l \
,"\ r -'
t
, li
hallde, o
n c-l
& era) m e*hod a,
a
tt)
tlz
€e ,lb 0 t
+clz - Slrlo-, 6 +ftltll
Ll4s u,1*
+ lr" Xr.l
+xz -es**, ,M
x
x
t
Fro m? benu
( Pcls)
tr rl Pocle '+*
l'{ c E
j Pcls *-4
*
ben>en<diazo
nir:rn
uii,r F"nom CI
+ Nef
HLI
6 Gtat#{{nan Qeoth'ort
'
,-/
Bt + Nrf
Cal t"t
&,
CI
fNz I
Nzct
6
,rf Nz Br' (u bTz -F Nzf
H J}Y
G)
f'
.I
x
FT () r r.lef + Fx
+
x gchlemanrT €xfi
HbP+ *dz*
i rx'\ )
dv: fuorn Cavbox lt*asa;.t { Huned eeker
LI
cof &g*
I
c;tz gl9, .'r- Caz 7 fr7*t
/)I 4
eq- v
{- gYL Cllv, * caz F egb^d
e.m icalteakhtofr'
T Nucle opniltic Su"bsfD + e
A €Jecimphiltb S*syn c I
- 627|.*
r\sn;gh#-mF 'l{
-to t/t+ t* {I
bon{ breqlLL
OZ 02
cl
oH =,
4<sr
^la
o2*
Nai-
-...1
t
ol,{
c$
N03-
r'l0r- Naoh
-F-+
g6?k
Ob
N0?- oH
cl lJCa.ttTl
qglr
N
a2
wNAOH
Ot-
NDz
flc* @
6 6 + KNHz- --a +*,(Bt"
:il
i-
S frzon1 W a
o
x
+ crr cN .*-r I
@
fu,b \o t)
I
€ I eelnt Fr I (- S4r b ( ,{-,
ffi I
I (gl) r's o-P d)re*ltnl '
Hotog enahltrl tl
O Clz
€ecle
rnlnat c
.-L
o r)
+ I
I
I
t
{
tu tDnr- rlylCI.l aY
0ruP'n*h'on
\_ \
an cH>so r1
r
@ Fnuaol
arnfl &on '\ A
9azt4
cl
Eirrlt'r"{at)
L+*- ;
-l- eHgLl _anYt! ftlclg s t43
+ A
t.i,lnn ,!rn
t1&"
o
ctp anhg frtclt
& f -r.Hs
rA4
b t
u hf,r'oa cns-Y'+t
{-+15
*="
efi,raira
Rxn ,.i+rt 'n e-+a)
dvy$rryr, +>naf
+ zN4* x
A''llr 1p-, bipaen!l
ta'chloro Dpr
OU =:
fueta* t:/,ehloraetlta.nal
:\
i-
!
-
!..
'.:
:l
rl
:i
.l