Lecture by Prof. Roseniya G.

Tamano
EngEd2
▪In your own observation or experiences,
how different are the methods or
strategies to teaching of the teachers
these days to the teachers in the past?
(traditional to 21st century teaching)
 Interpretation of
literature are called Teacher-centered –
historical, moral, views literature as a
and biographical
TRADITIONAL specie of
knowledge

APPROACHES TO
Teaching
methodology
attempts to facilitate
TEACHING
LITERATURE???
students to read Cultural model,
about literature linguistic model,
rather than learn to and the personal
read literature growth model
▪ Twenty first century is the age of
GLOBALIZATION, MULTICULTURALISM,
TELECOMMUNICATION AND DIGITAL
TECHNOLOGY. Education today is considered as
an important mechanism and effective means to
develop creative and effective human resource
(Gould 1993: 148; Rao 1996: 2)
 (contemporary) Research
Student-centered
based
• Learn information • Incorporate digital
processing skills technology
• Teach inquiry and • Reader Response
investigation skills Approaches (e.g.
• Students’ needs and activities or strategies that
interests promote creative, active,
collaborative learning)
Recommended activities: imagery, play, mystery, maintaining reading journals and
writing response essays
▪ is a Reader-response Approach which assigns readers’ active role in
making meaning of literary texts and make texts relevant to their life
and society (variety of contexts including cultural context,
postcolonial context, and feminist context).

▪ Major Interpretative Methods

▪ FEMINISM LITERARY THEORY
▪ MARXIST LITERARY THEORY
▪ POST-COLONIAL THEORY
▪ NEW HISTROCISM
▪ FEMINIST LITERARY THEORY aims at developing a
critical consciousness in the readers about the operation
and functioning of oppressive structures of patriarchal
ideology or culture in the text in which gender roles are
constructed.
▪ MARXIST LITERARY THEORY also develops a critical
attitude in the readers and enables them to recognize and
question the authority of hegemonic groups which set
manipulative structures for class in a society through
literary texts
▪ POSTCOLONIAL THEORY informs readers about racial
issues through literary texts.
▪ NEW HISTORICISM helps reader see silences and gaps
in recorded histories and critically investigate the
established discourses of history.