Chapter 12 Quiz

1. What are organic compounds? Compounds that contain one or more carbon atoms
2. What are hydrocarbons? Compounds whose molecules are composed of only carbon and
hydrogen atoms
3. What are alkanes? Compounds that contain only carbon-to-carbon single bonds
4. What are cycloalkanes? The first and last carbon atoms in a continuous chain are
chemically linked to each other in a cyclic arrangement
5. What are alkenes or olefins? Hydrocarbons whose molecules contain one or more carbon-
carbon double bonds
6. What are alkynes? Hydrocarbons possessing one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds
7. What is the material added to give natural gas an odor? Methyl mercaptan (CH3—SH)
8. Liquefied natural gas refers to Natural gas as a compressed gas and cryogenic fluid
9. Which of the following is the best description of the characteristics of butadiene? It is a
colorless, highly flammable gas with a mild sweet odor
10. Respiratory hazards from hydrocarbons include Severe irritation of the eyes, nose, and
throat, Long-term repeated exposure to butadiene is linked with the incidence of cancer,
Simple asphyxiation, All of these.
11. What are the three most commonly encountered aromatic hydrocarbons? Benzene,
toluene, and xylene
12. Which of the following are true in regards to protecting workers from BTX exposure?
The maximum benzene vapor concentration has been established at 1 ppm, averaged over
an 8-hr workday. The maximum toluene vapor concentration has been established at 200
ppm, averaged over an 8-hr workday. The maximum xylene vapor concentration has been
established at 100 ppm, averaged over an 8-hr workday. All of these
13. What is a boilover? Water lying at the bottom of a storage tank is raised to its boiling
point, and the vapor produced rushes to the surface, forcing petroleum over the edges of
the container
14. What are petroleum fractionation? By heating the crude within pre-established
temperature ranges, the vapors of the constituent compounds formed then are condensed
and collected within separate receivers
15. What are petrochemicals? A petroleum fraction subjected to further distillation to isolate
its individual components or treated to yield substances
16. When one or more hydrogen atoms in the molecules of hydrocarbons are substituted with
halogen atoms, the resulting compounds are called Halogenated hydrocarbons
17. Which of the following statements regarding chlorofluorocarbons is incorrect?
Chlorofluorocarbons are extremely unstable compounds when exposed to air
18. All the following are examples of alkanes except Cycloalkenes
19. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) uses which of the
following rules when naming alkanes? Assigns numbers consecutively to each carbon
atom in the main chain starting from the end the gives the alkyl substituents attached to
the chain the smaller numbers.
20. Molecular structures in which the first and last carbon atoms in a continuous chain are
joined to each other in a cyclic arrangement are known as Cycloalkanes

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