1.

Elene – waste
2. Nata-Earth day-introduction
3. Mariam- facts
4. Nia – birds
5. Nutsa Skhulukhia – bees
6. Nutsa Ukleba- treesNugzar0video

7.

Nugzar’s text

Thinking about the Earth day, I decided to show you my garden . Facing the endless traffics, pollution in Tbilisi, My family

decided to move in the suburb, neat the Tbilisi Lake. We live in a house with garden. My parents and grandparent

decided to grow a garden with trees and vegetables. We have almos all kinds of vegetables, potatoes, tomatoes,

peppers, cucumber. Beans, and greens

strawberries, blackberries, apples, pears, cherries, peaches, grapes

WE try to eat natural product.

WE also have some poultry.: chickens, ducks..

It’s nice to breath fresh air and eat healthy product.

I wish every child on the Earth has this chance.

We should care of the Earth that means to care of our life and health.

What is Earth Day?

Earth Day has become one of the most widely celebrated environmental events across the globe. On this day, events

are held worldwide to increase awareness and appreciation of the Earth’s natural environment. Currently it is celebrated

in more than 192 countries each year. It was originally celebrated at Spring Equinox around 21 March every day but now

the United Nations has designated 22 April as the International Mother Earth Day. Earth Day Network coordinates this

annual day across the globe.

Earth Day is all about appreciating the uniqueness of our planet Earth with its incredible biodiversity. On this day various

national and international activities are conducted to understand the biodiversity and how should we protect our nature

– plants, animals and environment.

Earth day history

Each year, Earth Day—April 22—marks the anniversary of the birth of the modern environmental movement in 1970.

Setting the stage for the first earth day

The height of counterculture in the United States, 1970 brought the death of Jimi Hendrix, the last Beatles album, and
Simon & Garfunkel’s “Bridge Over Troubled Water.” War raged in Vietnam and students nationwide overwhelmingly
opposed it.

At the time, Americans were slurping leaded gas through massive V8 sedans. Industry belched out smoke and sludge
with little fear of legal consequences or bad press. Air pollution was commonly accepted as the smell of prosperity.
“Environment” was a word that appeared more often in spelling bees than on the evening news.

Although mainstream America largely remained oblivious to environmental concerns, the stage had been set for change
by the publication of Rachel Carson’s New York Times bestseller Silent Spring in 1962. The book represented a
watershed moment, selling more than 500,000 copies in 24 countries, and beginning to raise public awareness and
concern for living organisms, the environment and links between pollution and public health.

Earth Day 1970 gave voice to that emerging consciousness, channeling the energy of the anti-war protest movement
and putting environmental concerns on the front page.

The Idea for the first Earth Day

The idea for a national day to focus on the environment came to Earth Day founder Gaylord Nelson, then a U.S. Senator
from Wisconsin, after witnessing the ravages of the 1969 massive oil spill in Santa Barbara, California. Inspired by the
student anti-war movement, he realized that if he could infuse that energy with an emerging public consciousness about
air and water pollution, it would force environmental protection onto the national political agenda. Senator Nelson
announced the idea for a “national teach-in on the environment” to the national media; persuaded Pete McCloskey, a
conservation-minded Republican Congressman, to serve as his co-chair; and recruited Denis Hayes from Harvard as
national coordinator. Hayes built a national staff of 85 to promote events across the land. April 22, falling between Spring
Break and Final Exams, was selected as the date.

On April 22,1970, 20 million Americans took to the streets, parks, and auditoriums to demonstrate for a healthy,
sustainable environment in massive coast-to-coast rallies. Thousands of colleges and universities organized protests
against the deterioration of the environment. Groups that had been fighting against oil spills, polluting factories and
power plants, raw sewage, toxic dumps, pesticides, freeways, the loss of wilderness, and the extinction of wildlife
suddenly realized they shared common values.
Earth Day 1970 achieved a rare political alignment, enlisting support from Republicans and Democrats, rich and poor,
city slickers and farmers, tycoons and labor leaders. By the end of that year, the first Earth Day had led to the creation of
the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the passage of the Clean Air, Clean Water, and Endangered
Species Acts. “It was a gamble,” Gaylord recalled, “but it worked.”

As 1990 approached, a group of environmental leaders asked Denis Hayes to organize another big campaign. This time,
Earth Day went global, mobilizing 200 million people in 141 countries and lifting environmental issues onto the world
stage. Earth Day 1990 gave a huge boost to recycling efforts worldwide and helped pave the way for the 1992 United
Nations Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro. It also prompted President Bill Clinton to award Senator Nelson the Presidential
Medal of Freedom (1995)—the highest honor given to civilians in the United States—for his role as Earth Day founder.

Meet the organizers of the very first Earth Day.

Earth Day Today

As the millennium approached, Hayes agreed to spearhead another campaign, this time focused on global warming and
a push for clean energy. With 5,000 environmental groups in a record 184 countries reaching out to hundreds of millions
of people, Earth Day 2000 combined the big-picture feistiness of the first Earth Day with the international grassroots
activism of Earth Day 1990. Earth Day 2000 used the power of the Internet to organize activists, but also featured a drum
chain that traveled from village to village in Gabon, Africa. Hundreds of thousands of people gathered on the National
Mall in Washington, DC for a First Amendment Rally. Earth Day 2000 sent world leaders the loud and clear message that
citizens around the world wanted quick and decisive action on global warming and clean energy.

Much like 1970, Earth Day 2010 came at a time of great challenge for the environmental community. Climate change
deniers, well-funded oil lobbyists, reticent politicians, a disinterested public, and a divided environmental community all
contributed to the narrative—cynicism versus activism. Despite these challenges, Earth Day prevailed and Earth Day
Network reestablished Earth Day as a relevant, powerful focal point. Earth Day Network brought 250,000 people to the
National Mall for a Climate Rally, launched the world’s largest environmental service project—A Billion Acts of Green®–
introduced a global tree planting initiative that has since grown into The Canopy Project, and engaged 75,000 partners in
192 countries in observing Earth Day.

Earth Day had reached into its current status as the largest secular observance in the world, celebrated by more than a
billion people every year, and a day of action that changes human behavior and provokes policy changes.

Today, the fight for a clean environment continues with increasing urgency, as the ravages of climate change become
more manifest every day. We invite you to be a part of Earth Day and help write many more chapters—struggles and
victories—into the Earth Day book.

2020 marks the 50th anniversary of Earth Day. In honor of this milestone, Earth Day Network is launching an
ambitious set of goals to shape the future of 21st century environmentalism. Learn more here. 

What You Need to Know About Bees and How You Can Help to Protect Them

Bees are extraordinary creatures that exist in all types of climates around the world, from forests in Europe to deserts in
Africa, and even in the Arctic Circle. Unlike honeybees and their hives, wild bees in the U.S. live in many different places:
under the ground, in holes, and in trees.

For much of the past ten years, beekeepers, primarily in the United States and Europe, have been reporting annual hive
losses of 30 percent or higher, substantially more than is considered normal or sustainable. In fact, one in four wild bee
species in the U.S. is at risk of extinction.
Worldwide bee populations are in decline, including the honey bee and many of our wild native bees. One example: The
yellow-banded bumble bee was the most abundant bumble bee in northern Wisconsin in the mid-1990s, then within ten
years it made up less than 1% of the state’s bumble bee population. In Oregon, Franklin’s bumble bee has likely gone
extinct during the same period.

Why We Need to Protect Bees

 Plants need bees to pollinate, making bees indispensable pollinators of most ecosystems. There are 369,000
flowering plant species, and 90% of them are dependent on insect pollination. A honeybee can usually visit 50-
1000 flowers in one trip; if bee takes ten trips a day, a colony with 25,000 forager bees can pollinate 250 million
flowers in a day.
 Bees are a keystone species, with other species dependent on them to survive. Many species of animals depend
on bees for their survival because their food sources, including nuts, berries, seeds, and fruits, rely on insect
pollination.
 Pollination not only makes food available for other organisms but also allows floral growth, which provides
habitats for animals, including other insects and birds.
 As pollinators disappear, the effect on the health and viability of crops and native plant communities can be
disastrous. We simply cannot survive without bees.
 Pollinators contribute billions to the world economy. The global crop production pollinated by bees is valued at
$577 billion. Pollinators contribute $24 billion to the U.S. agriculture industry, making up a third of the food
consumed by Americans.

Threats to Bee Species

 Widespread use of pesticides, neonicotinoids and GMOs

 Climate change
 Loss of habitat, including land use changes, habitat fragmentation, loss of bio-diversity
 Bees forced into service; monoculture
 Pests, diseases, viruses, and mold
 What You Need to Know About Trees and Why We Need to Protect Them

Facts about Trees

 There are an estimated 60,000 different species of trees.[1]

 Trees date back nearly 350 million years, and the world’s oldest recorded tree — over 9,500 years-old — was discovered in
Sweden.[2]
 Trees are as varied and diverse from the fruit they grow, the colors of their leaves, and their shape and height. Bonsai trees
can measure less than one foot high, while the redwood trees in California measure a height of over 300 feet.[3]
 Globally, trees occupy approximately 30.6% of the Earth’s land area, down from 31.6% in 1990.[4] From 2015 to 2016, the
world lost 73.4 million acres of trees, a 51% increase from the year before.[5]
 Human activity continues to be the single largest cause of deforestation, with commodity-driven deforestation totaling around
27%.[6]
 For an in-depth and interactive look at changes in forests worldwide, check out this map to see the changes of forests in your
community.

Why We Need to Protect Trees

 Role in the Ecosystem: Trees play a central role in the ecosystems of forests and other species. Forests play a vital role in
storing and releasing carbon from the atmosphere and they help to regulate and maintain Earth’s carbon balance. Trees also help
maintain nutrient-rich soil for other plants to grow, provide shelter and habitat for animals, and contribute significantly to the global
water cycle.[7]
 Ecosystem Services: One of the most significant services that trees provide is the sequestration of carbon, which helps
keep the air clean and nearby temperatures at a healthy level.[8] Additionally, trees have a powerful role in providing well-being in both
urban and rural environments.[9] Culturally, trees play a central role in religions such as Hinduism and Buddhism. Trees are also
symbols of hospitality in several African communities.[10]
 Economic Contributions: Globally, the value of fuelwood and wood-based products is estimated to be worth $400 billion.
[11]
 In the state of New York alone, the forestry industry employs 41,000 people and has a direct output of more than $13 billion.[12] Total
carbon storage in U.S. urban trees is estimated at 643 million tons, a service valued at $50 billion.[13]
 Uniqueness: European beech and Sycamore maple trees have been observed altering their specific chemical makeup in
their buds and leaves to ward off animals consuming their sap or branches.[14] The quaking aspen exists not as a single stand-alone
tree, but rather as an interconnected group, united by a layer of underground roots.[15]

Threats to Trees

 Deforestation: The removal of trees for commercial, agricultural, and residential purposes occurs all around the world.
Rainforests are especially vulnerable. The Amazon rainforest in Brazil has lost 20% of its area since the 1970s,[16] with some scientists
estimating that all the world’s rainforests could be lost in the next century.[17]
 Climate Change: Growing levels of carbon dioxide trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere threatens the ability of trees to convert
the carbon into oxygen, thereby weakening their health.[18] Rising temperatures from climate change can also harm a tree’s internal life
cycle, including the ability to reproduce.[19]
 Insects: One of the most pervasive threats to trees around the world is the prevalence of non-native insect species that can
cause irreparable damage to trees.[20] In the U.S., 63% of the country’s national forestry is threatened by invasive insects.[21]
 Forest Fires: Decreased rainfall and increased temperatures are causing warmer and drier environments, making forests
much more fire-prone. Forest fires are also becoming more intense and deadly, releasing more carbon into the atmosphere, and
greatly reducing the ecosystem’s ability to recover.[22]

What You Can Do to Help Protect Trees

 Support our Trees for the Earth campaign: Launched in 2016, our Trees for the Earth campaign aims to plant 7.8 billion
trees — one for each person on Earth — by Earth Day 2020. In addition to tree plantings, the campaign helps secure additional
climate commitments.
 Advocate for urban trees: As the world becomes more urbanized, it will be important to maintain the urban tree canopy in
dense population centers. Encourage your local government to adopt tree-planting measures and ordinances. Doing so provides both
health and economic benefits for the entire community.[23]
 11 facts about earth day

1. The first Earth Day was celebrated on April 22, 1970.

2. Earth Day originated in the US but became recognized worldwide by 1990.
3. On Earth Day 2009, Disney released a documentary film called Earth that followed the migration paths of four animal
families.
4. On the very first Earth Day, 20 million people gathered in the streets of America to protest the industrial revolution. An
environmental movement was born as a result.
5. Every year on April 22, men, women, and children collect garbage, plant trees, clean up coral reefs, show movies, sign
petitions, and plan for a better future for our planet.
6. Gaylord Nelson founded Earth Day while he was working as a US senator.
7. Earth Day was renamed officially by the UN in 2009 as International Mother Earth Day.
8. Some schools and communities celebrate Earth Day for a whole week to expand the time frame that people focus on the
earth and how they can preserve it.
9. On Earth Day 2012, more than 100,000 people rode bikes in China to reduce CO2 emissions and save fuel.
10. In an Earth Day celebration in 2011, 28 million trees were planted in Afghanistan by the Earth Day Network.

11. In Panama, 100 endangered species of orchids were planted and maintained to prevent their extinction in honor of Earth
Day
 What You Need to Know About Birds and Why We Need to Protect Them

Facts About Birds

 Of the roughly 11,000 different species of birds, nearly 40% are facing a significant decline.
 Seabird populations have dropped by approximately 70% between 1950 and 2015 due to human activities,
including plastic and oil pollution, food shortages from overfishing, and climate change.
 There are numerous federal laws and treaties that afford protections to birds, including the Migratory Bird Treaty
Act, Endangered Species Act, Wild Bird Conservation Act, Ramsar Convention, and CITES.
 Despite current law, millions of exotic and wild birds are exploited and sold as part of the illegal wildlife trade.
Globally, the illegal wildlife trade is estimated to be worth between $7 billion and $23 billion in revenue.
 At least 25 bird species have been brought back from the brink of extinction in this century

Why We Need to Protect Birds

 Role in the Ecosystem: Birds often have numerous roles in their ecosystems. While some birds move within a
small range, many species undertake extraordinary migrations. This constant movement helps to disperse
seeds and transfer nutrients along the way. Pollinators are less common, but research indicates that birds
pollinate between three and five percent of more than 1,500 species of crop or medicinal plants in certain regions
of the world. Birds are also one of nature’s best scavengers, helping to eliminate waste and hazardous remains
and reducing the spread of disease to humans and other animals. They also play an important part in agricultural
production by eating unwanted pests, which helps protect commercially viable crops and guard livestock against
harmful disease
 Economic Contribution: Birds provide cultural services, exemplified through various roles in art, religion, and
bird-watching. In the United States alone, bird-watching brings in annual revenue of $40 billion and supports
around 860,000 jobs. ]Avitourism is one of the largest markets in places like Europe and contributes to the nearly
$600 billion generated each year from visitors to the world’s national parks and nature reserves
 Uniqueness: In addition to being social creatures, birds have been observed to exhibit intelligent behavior. For
instance, carrion crows in Japan have been seen placing nuts on roadways and waiting for car tires to crush
them open to eat. Even more remarkably, the African grey parrot has been observed to use its speech to make
and deny requests for food.

Threats to Birds

 Habitat Loss: Agriculture has the biggest negative impact of all human activities on birds, threatening 74% of
the 1,469 species at risk of extinction. In North America, nearly 290 million acres of grassland habitat has been
converted for agricultural use, displacing and threatening the survival of a variety of bird species.
 Deforestation: Deforestation caused by logging impacts 50% of the threatened species of birds. In Latin
America, for instance, approximately 85% of endangered birds have been negatively impacted by large-scale
logging operations.
 Invasive Species: Invasive species, such as cats and rats, have driven 70 species of birds to extinction. More
generally, invasive species have played a role in the decline of 50% of all threatened bird species.
 Climate Change and Severe Weather: Over the course of this century, climate change will become one of the
biggest threats to the well-being of birds. For example, reductions in rainfall will limit the food available for
birds. Oceanic birds are by far the most threatened group of birds, due in large part to the fact that rising sea
levels is expected to submerge their nests and habitat.
 Plastic and Pesticide Pollution: Birds are threatened by plastic pollution on both land and sea, as they mistake
indigestible plastic for small bits of food. Even worse, pesticide pollution is the leading cause of grassland bird
decline.
 Illegal Trafficking and Pet Trade: A total of 13 species of birds are at risk of extinction because of
poaching. One species of bird, the African gray parrot, was one of the most trafficked birds in the world with
more than 1.3 million exported between 1975 and 2013. As a result of the species’ decline, a global ban was put
in place to protect the endangered species.
What You Can Do to Help Protect Birds

 Turn off the lights in your home or office to prevent birds from colliding into windows.
 Keep cats inside to prevent them from hunting birds.
 Continue to advocate for additional land protection for birds under the Endangered Species Act in the United
States.
 Take our pesticide pledge to avoid using any and all pesticides or insecticides. Birds can ingest these harmful
chemicals directly, and recent research has shown that these products can remain in the soil for months after
their use.
 Do not litter. Trash should be properly disposed of and plastic should be Additionally, remove plastic litter when
you see it to prevent birds from ingesting it.
 Take personal steps to end plastic pollution.
 Test your knowledge about threats to ocean ecosystems with our Oceans Plastic Pollution Quiz.
 Support the passage of the Bird-Safe Building Act.