New Century Mathematics (Second Edition)

S1 Question Bank
1A Chapter 6 Estimation in Numbers and Measurement

Level 3

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[10146294]
The table below shows the expenses for a party with 60 participants.
Items Expenses
Cupcakes (for every 6 people) $177
Potato chips (for every 4 people) $13.5
Soft drinks (for every 3 people) $8.8
Rent of a party room $1 750
Presents for lucky draw $299
Estimate the amount that each participant has to pay for the party and explain your estimation
strategy.
(4 marks)
Solution:
Using compatible numbers,
amount that each participant has to pay

=$ 1M+1A

$ 1M

= $(30 + 3 + 3 + 30 + 5)
= $71 (or other reasonable answers) 1A

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[10146307]
Mrs Fong wants to buy the following items from a supermarket.
Item Marked price Special offer Quantity
Rice $87.5 per bag 30% off 6 bags
Grape juice $34.2 per bottle 40% off 8 bottles
Instant noodle $6.9 per pack Buy 2 get 1 free 12 packs
(a) Estimate whether Mrs Fong can receive a total discount of more than $220. Explain your
answer.
(b) If Mrs Fong has $650, does she have enough money to pay for all these items? Explain your
answer.
(9 marks)

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Solution:
(a) By rounding down the marked price of each item to the nearest $10,
total discount
= $(87.5  6  30% + 34.2  8  40% + 6.9  4) 1M+1A
 $(80  6  0.3 + 30  8  0.4 + 0  4) 1M
= $(144 + 96 + 0)
= $240 1A
> $220
∴ Mrs Fong can receive a total discount of more than $220. 1A

(b) By rounding up the marked price of each item to the nearest $10,
total selling price of the items
= $[87.5  6  (1 − 30%) + 34.2  8  (1 − 40%) + 6.9  8] 1M
 $[90  6  0.7 + 40  8  0.6 + 10  8] 1M
= $[378 + 192 + 80]
= $650 1M
∴ Mrs Fong has enough money to pay for all these items. 1A

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[10146326]

As shown in the figure, a small wooden rectangular board is being cut from a large rectangular
wooden board.
(a) By rounding up the dimensions of the large wooden board to the nearest m, estimate the
original area of the large wooden board.
(b) By rounding down the dimensions of the small wooden board to the nearest m, estimate the
area of the small wooden board.
(c) By using the results of (a) and (b), determine whether a patterned paper of area 16 m2 is
enough to cover the remaining part of the large wooden board after cutting out the small
wooden board. Explain your answer.
(8 marks)
Solution:
(a) Original area of the large wooden board
= 5.92  2.8 m2 1M
 6  3 m2 1M

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 = 18 m2 1A

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(b) Area of the small wooden board
= 2.25  1.3 m2 1M
 2  1 m2 1M
= 2 m2 1A

(c) From the results of (a) and (b), we know that the area of the remaining part of the large
wooden board must be less than (18  2) m2 = 16 m2. So a patterned paper of area 16 m2 is
enough to cover the remaining part of the large wooden board. 1M+1A

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[10146348]
A train on Tsuen Wan line of MTR takes 26 minutes to pass through 13 stations. Another train on
Kwun Tong line takes 35 minutes to pass through 14 stations.
(a) Estimate the time required for passing through a station on Tsuen Wan line and Kwun Tong
line respectively.
(b) On a day, Mr Lau took a train on Tsuen Wan line at 9 a.m. and the train passed through 5
stations. Then he took another train on Kwun Tong line and the train passed through 6
stations. Estimate the time when Mr Lau got off the train.
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) Time required for passing through a station on Tsuen Wan line
 minutes 1M

= 2 minutes 1A
Time required for passing through a station on Kwun Tong line
 minutes 1M

= 2.5 minutes 1A

(b) Time spent on travelling by train

 (2  5 + 2.5  6) minutes 1M
= (10 + 15) minutes
= 25 minutes 1A
∴ Mr Lau got off the train at about 9:25 a.m. 1A

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[10146362]
The figure shows a stack of 20 $1 coins.

(a) Estimate the height of the stack of coins.

(b) The formula for finding the volume of a cylinder is given by:
volume of a cylinder =   radius2  height
Estimate the volume of the stack of coins
(i) using compatible numbers,
(ii) by front-end method.
(Take  = 3.14.)
(Note: A cylinder is a solid whose uniform cross-section is a circle.)
(c) An old woman has an iron rectangular box filled with $1 coins. The dimensions of the box are
18 cm  25 cm  6 cm. The woman claims that there are more than 10 000 $1 coins in the
box. Do you agree? Explain your answer.
(12 marks)
Solution:
(a) From observation, the height of the stack of coins is approximately equal to the diameter of a
coin.
∴ Height of the stack of coins  2.5 cm (or other reasonable answers) 1M+1A

(b) (i) Radius of each coin = cm

= 1.25 cm 1A
Volume of the stack of coins  3.14  1.25  2.5 cm
2 3
1M
 cm3 1M

= cm3
= 5  2.5 cm3
= 12.5 cm3 1A

(ii) Volume of the stack of coins  3.14  1.252  2.5 cm3

 3  12  2 cm3 1M
= 6 cm3 1A

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(c) Capacity of the box = 18  25  6 cm3 1M
= 2 700 cm3
Using the result of (b)(ii),
number of $1 coins in the box  2 700  6  20 1M
= 9 000
< 10 000 1M
∴ The claim is disagreed. 1A

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[10146372]

The figure shows a pattern of tiles on a wall. The rectangle PQRS is formed by some small square
tiles and triangular tiles. The length of each side of the 6 big square tiles is 34 cm.
(a) Estimate the area of PQRS.
(b) Estimate the area of each small square tile.
(10 marks)
Solution:
(a) From observation, the length of PS is about 3 times that of a side of a big square tile.
∴ Length of PS  34  3 cm 1M
= 102 cm
From observation, the length of SR is about times that of a side of a big square tile.

∴ Length of SR  34  cm 1M
= 17 cm
Area of PQRS  102  17 cm2 1M
 100  17 cm2
= 1 700 cm2 (or other reasonable answers) 1A

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(b) Divide PQRS into 5 equal parts as shown below. 1M

Area of each part  cm2 1M

= 340 cm2 1A
Consider the leftmost part.
From observation, the area of the small square tile is about times the area of each part. 1M
∴ Area of each small square tile
 cm2 1M
= 170 cm2 1A

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