CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research method is a systemic work plan in order to make the main purpose

become easier to achieve. The method in this research is chosen by considering its

appropriateness to the research object. This research method is arranged based on the

problem analysed and the main purpose of the research. The research method in this

study covered the research design, the research instrument, and the source of data, the

technique of data collection, and the technique of data analysis.

3.1. Research Design

Descriptive study with qualitative approach will be applied by the

researcher, because the researcher wants to find out the number of translation

strategies applied by the researcher in translating idiomatic expression. Descriptive

study attempts to picture or document current conditions or attitudes, that is, to

describe what exist at the moment, according to Tayie (2005). In his book entitled

Metode Penelitian Bidang Pendidikan: Kualitatif, Kuantitatif dan Campuran, Susilo

(2013) also stated that descriptive study was basically to give a picture what exists in

a real-life phenomenon. This research also will use qualitative approach as the

framework of research. The researcher wanted to understand a phenomenon by

focusing on the total picture instead of breaking it down into variables.

 3.2 Sample and Population

One goal of scientific research is to describe the nature of a population, that

is, a group of class of subjects, variables, concepts or phenomena. The usual

procedure in these instances is to select a sample from the population. A sample is a

subset of the population that is taken to be the representative of the entire population

(Tayie, 2013). Meanwhile Ary and Co. define sample as a small group that is

observed.

According to the explanation above, the samples are the students of sixth
semester of English Department of Mulawarman University from the total of them
which is 142 people. According to Arikunto (1998) in Widi (2014) in determining
amount of the sample, she says that if the the poplulation less than 100 people, it is
better to take all 10% - 15 - 20% - 25% or 50% as reperesentative sample. For this
research, the researcher will take the 25% of the population of 142 people which is 35
people from the sixth semester of English Department from University of
Mulawarman.

3.3 Research Instrument

The instrument of this study is the researcher himself. As the instrument the

researcher will analyse the translated text and the reflective journal that has been

made by the participants. Using Mona Baker’s difficulties of translation to analyse

data, the researcher will analyse the difficulties during the translation process.

Beside the researcher himself acts as an instrument, he will use reflective

journal to obtain more data. In this study, the researcher takes a guide of assessment
of reflective journals used in Northern Illinois University which explains that

reflective journal stands for personal record of students’ learning experiences. Entries

in reflective journals can be prompted by questions about course content,

assignments, exams, students’ own ideas, or students’ thought processes about what

happened in a particular class period. Meanwhile from University of Portsmouth says

that reflective writing is evidence of reflective thinking. In an academic context,

reflective thinking usually involves:

1. Looking back at something (often an event, i.e. something that happened, but

it could also be an idea or object).

2. Analyzing the event or idea (thinking in depth and from different perspectives,

and trying to explain, often with reference to a model or theory from your

subject).

3. Thinking carefully about what the event or idea means for you and your

ongoing progress as a learner and/or practicing professional.

Reflective journal writing also defined by Heath, (1998: 593) as a teaching

strategy whereby students write their experiences and feelings ‘unensured’ in their

own writing style for further reflection and analysis. “Journals often focus

subjectively on personal experiences, reactions, and reflections while learning logs

are more documentary records of students’ work process (what they are doing), their

accomplishments, ideas, or questions” (Equipped for the Future, 2004, in Northern

Illinois University’s assessment guide of reflective journal).

 3.4. Data and Source of Data

Data and its source of this study are the result of the translation and the

reflective journal the will make. The sample will translate the abstract of a thesis as

well as they can for one hour and after they finish translating them, they also have to

make a reflective journal about the experience of translating the abstract of a thesis in

English and Indonesian.

3.5. Data Collecting Technique

To collect the data, the researcher conducts the technique as follows:

1. Explaining the test to the participants.

2. Distributing the abstracts to the samples.

3. Asking the samples to make a reflective journal.

4. Collecting the result of the test.

3.6. Data Analysis Technique

In analysing the data, the researcher used a common procedure in a

descriptive study. This research took Huberman and Miller’s Interactive model of

data analysis (1994) in Risma (2016). The model consist of data reduction, data
display and conclusion drawing/verification. The model is presented in the diagram

below

Diagram 3.1

DATA COLLECTION

DATA DISPLAY

DATA REDUCTION

CONCLUSION
DRAWING AND
VERIFYING

1) Data Reduction

This step is refers to the process of selecting, focusing, simplifying,

abstracting and transforming the data that appear in field notes or transcriptions. In

this case the researcher will try to select the data carefully about what methods that

are used in their translation. Then the researcher simplified them based on their

translation method by Peter Newmark and after that, the researcher summarized the

data.
2) Data Display

In this step, the researcher wanted to organize the information will draw the

conclusion of the research. This step also took more focused on summaries with text,

not with numbers in cells.

3) Conclusion Drawing

This step is basically a conclusion based on the research. Making conclusion

was not only for the result of analysing, but also for answering the research problem.

In this case, the researcher wanted to give explanation about strategies for translating

idioms found the movie.