Nature of Teaching

Outline of the Presentation

 What is teaching?
 Definition of teaching.
 Functions of teaching
 Nature of teaching
 Characterstics of teaching
 Who is Teacher?
 Qualities of good teacher
Learning Outcomes

Students will be able to

 Define Teaching
 Elaborate nature of teaching
 explain nature of teaching
 discuss functions of teaching
 List the characterstics of teaching
 Enumerate the Characterstics of Good Teacher
What is Teaching?

• Teaching is a process
intended for learning
by including a
behavioral changes in
the taught.
• Teaching is an
activity of facilitating
learning.
Definition of Teaching

 According to Morrison “Teaching is a

disciplined social process in which teacher
influences the behavior of the less experienced
pupils that and helps him to develop according
to the need and ideas of the society”.
 According to Smith “Teaching is an organised
system of specific activities aimed to help the
learners learn something”.
Functions of Teaching

 To provide Learning Environment

 To understand the need of the learner
 To facilatate the learner and learning
 To provide Guidance
 To provide Training
Nature of Teaching

 Teaching is a Process.
 It is art as well as science.
 Formal as well informal process
 Social Process
 Goal oriented process
 Task Oriented Process
Nature of Teaching

 Interactive process/Highly Dominated by

Communication
 Organised and Systematic Process
 Specialised task comprising of different
teaching skills
 Amenable to Scientific observation and
analysis
Teaching as a process

 Initially Teaching is considered as bipolar process i.e.

between teacher and student/learner
 Than another pole is added i.e. curriculum and polular as
tri polar process which involved Teacher, Leaner and and
Curculum
 One of the important factor i.e. learning Environments has
also taken place so Teaching is considered as Four Polar
Process
• Teacher
• Student
• Curriculum
• Learning Environment
 Teaching is an art in terms of
shaping the personality of a
child and modify his behaviour
and nurture the capabilities of
a child
 Teaching is science as well
because it involves
techniques, procedure and
skills that can be
systematically studied,
described and improved.
Formal as well as Informal Process

 Teaching is a formal as well as informal process.

 Formal in the sense in which teacher planned the instructional
objectives, planned the activities to be organised in classroom and
explore the resources that will be utilised in the classroom and
execute all the activites which he planned in avery systematic way.
 Informal in the sense that students learnt a lot informally by teacher's
attributes, chacterstics and his personality and follow in their life.
Some students changed their inclination from one subject to another
due to the teacher only and some students dreamed to be a teacher
by influencing the personality of teachers.
Social process

It is a social acitivity because it involves human

being and social factors. It involves student, teacher
and societal environment. The society and nature of
human( student & teacher) is dynamic not static.
This process is complex as well due to complexity in
social structure & human nature. A teacher need to
understand the social and psuchological factors
associated with the students. Because they directly
affect the learning of students.
Goal Oriented Process

Teaching is a goal oriented process. Behaviour

modification and harmonious development is the
ultimate goal of teaching. At the planning stage
goals/objectives are dertermined and ascertained at
implementation stage.
Task Oriented Process

Teaching is goal oriented process. A teacher has to plan

various task/ activities to achieve these goals. In thatcontext it
is task oriented task. Task may be divided in to two :
Teachers' Task Students' Task
• Planning the lesson • Participlation in activities
• Present the lesson planned by teacher
• evaluate Students' • Responding according to
understanding stimuli.
 Teaching is highly dominated by communication. In classroom
two types of communication existed
 Verbal Communication
 Non Verbal Communication
 Verbal communication refers to a form of communication in which
message is transmitted verbally; communication is done by word
of mouth and a piece of writing.
 The Non-Verbal Communication is the process of conveying
meaning without the use of words either written or spoken. In
other words, any communication made between two or more
persons through the use of facial expressions, hand movements,
body language, postures, and gestures is called as non-verbal
communication.
 It is an organised and systematic process. There
are three phases of teaching (Preactive, Interactive
& Postactive). All the activities must be organised
under these three phases.
 All the steps are arranged in hierarical order. If it is
not arranged systematically so ultimate goal can
not be achieved.
 Systematic process involves arrangement of
content according to Maxims of teaching and
following the principle of teaching.
Teaching is a very complex task that requires skills to ascertain the
predetermine objectives which are as follows:
• Skill of Introducing the Lesson
• Skill of Probing Question
• Skill of Explanation
• Skill of Illustration with Examples
• Skill of Reinforcement
• Skill of Stimulus Variation
• Skill of Board Writing
 Teaching process can be observed , analysed and
assessed through teacher behaviour, pupil-teacher
interaction and the changes brought in the behaviour of the
pupils. Such analysis and assessment may provide
essential feedback for bringing desirable improvemnt in
this process. e.g.
 Flander's Interaction Analysis
 Micro Teaching
 Simualted Teaching
 Role Playing
 Dynamic, Social & Humane: Influenced by human & social
factors
 An Art & Science: Exercise of being systematic & including talent
& creativity
 Diverse in Application: There are various forms of teaching such
as conditioning, training, instruction, and Indoctrination
 Professional Activity: Involves teacher and student and result in
the development of the student
 Result oriented: Outcome is modification of behaviour
Teaching may be carried out in
following forms
 Conditioning
 Training
 Instruction
 Indoctrination
Conditioning: Lowest level or mode of teaching.Most of our desirable or
undesirable behaviours and habits are the creation of the process of
conditioning
e.g. A dog may be conditioned to lift his paw when it hears a bell.
Training: It is more raised level of teaching than conditioning. It helps in
shaping conduct and inculcating various skills
e.g. a worker may be trained to perform certain specific skills. He may do a
number of jobs on some machines skilfully without knowing its basic
structure and operation.
Similarly a variety of animals may be trained to perform highly specific tasks
for the circus show
 It is concerned with the development of knowledge and
understanding in an individual about a thing, system or
process.
 Imparting of knowledge and understanding merely represent
one of the many objectives which we want to achieve through
the process of teaching
While teaching is aimed towards shaping a total man, the
instruction cares only for the development of intellect and
affects the cognitive domain of one’s behaviour.Teaching
involves instructions.
 Transmission of doctrine, Firm Faith or system of beliefs
 Shaping of beliefs and ideas
 Require higher order of intelligence and result bringing quite
stable changes
 E.g. Hitler ruled over Germany and indoctrinate the youth
 Saints indoctrinates people and people follows the same
 Who is Teacher?

When a person imparts information or skills to another, its

common to describe the action as teaching and that person
known as teacher. Imparting may mean to share
experiences or communicating information for instance
by lecture or activity.
A teacher is a more mature person who helps pupil to learn.
Teacher is the key component of classroom which initiate
teaching learning process. He creats the enviornment of
learning in the classroom. He must be facilitator not
transmitter of knowledge.
Qualities of a Good Teacher

 Subject Expert
 Confident
 Effective Communicator
 Patient Listner
 Adaptive
 Empathatic
Qualities of a Good Teacher

 Commited
 Innovative
 Organiser
 Team Leader
 Continous Learner
 ICT Enabler
 Counsellor
 .....

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