Batch 2-2026

Acids Bases and Salts + Metals and

Nonmetals

Online class

By BIGHNARAJ MISHRA
 crystall ofsalts
copper sulphate
A number of salts exists in

two forms -

① salts-which
Anhydrous do not

contain water crystallisation

of
Ex- NaCl, CuSOn etc.

② salts-which
Hydrated contain

a fixed number water of

of
crystalli sation.
Ex-crystalline copper sulphate
(CuSOy. 5H20)

Gypsum (Casoy. 2H20)

planter ofParis (cason. H20)
 The fixed number ofwater
molecules prevent in one formula
unit ofthe is called
salt water

ofcrystallisation.

CuSOy.5H20 , (uSOyss+5H20ce)
Iwater)
Hydrated copper Awlydrous
N
sulf hate copper
sulphate C condensing
(Blue)
(white) the
on

upper
-->
Tell tr I
W ...
partof
holder ↳:
i Tater /

..
-

test tubes
droplets
-
--- in-.
/ -

&
d
~

InSOn. 5128
1

I
CuSOys I 5H20s-> CuSOn. 5H20
(S)

(white) (Ble)

Plaster of
Paris (PO4)

100
CaSOy, 2H20 ->
CaSOytH20
(POP) H20
(GypsumS 1
=
+

allowed
Note -

The temp is not

100 as otherwise
to rise
beyond
whole ofwater ofcrystallisation

producing awhydrous
is lost CasOy;
which is known as dead burnt

plaster.
Unlike it have the
doesn't
pop,
after with
property
toset
mixing
water.

Properties ofPOP
① Colour and state -
It is a

white
powder.

② Reaction water-
with

CaSOytHz0+1I H20+CaSOy. 2H20

(POP)
"Hardman)
Gypsums

Importantrees from module

 Metals and Nonmetals

Physical properties of
mefall and

Nonmetals -
 chemical properties of metals

①
Reaction of metall with
oxygen-
most ofthe metals react with

form
to metal oxides.
oxygen
4Na 02
+
-
2 Naz0

C4k 02
+

That's
+
2k20

why they are always

kept under kerosene oil.

4Al+302-2AlOs
(from air) (protective layer)
Bu2 n

2Mg +02 -
>
2MgO
(from air)
 20 He,
-

3 Fe +

FesOy

Gragnetic
↓
FeO + Fez03

L 0/ -de
1
of
grows

g
Can 0 +

CuO

apric oxide)
(Black)
silver, gold and platinum -> do not

reactwith
oxygen even at high
temp.
e-
* most the metal
of oxides

are basic in nature but some

in nature.(Those
are Amphoteric
can reactw ith
a cids as well as
 basen)Ex-AbOz, ZnO

Reactions -

+3H20
AbOz 6HC-2AlCy
+

2NcO
AbOg + -> 2 NcAlOz H20 +

(Sodium
aluminates

+2HCl H20
In0 ->
InCL
+

2n0 +2NcOH ->

NazZnOz
+

H2O

[Sodium
Zincate)
 Home work

All the questions of

remaining
->

Acids, Bales and salts

-> All the Illustrations also

Ex-A-metals and
->
In-chapter -

non-metals