TYPICAL POST-TENSIONED I - GIRDER DESIGN

Designed by: Prodip Kumar Mondal Date 9/12/2023

This means must input This means may input

1 - General Arrangement of P.C. I-Girder Bridge:

Length of girder, Lg = 40.0 m = 131.2 ft.
Width of bridge, Wb = 10.10 m = 33.1 ft.
Width of footpath, Wf = 1.00 m = 3.3 ft.
Number of girder, Ng = 4.0 nos.
Overhanging width from C/L of facia girder = 1.45 m = 4.8 ft.
Center to center spacing of girder, Sg = 7.9 ft.
C/L of bearing

C/L of bearing
C/L of pier
1.33 ft. 129 ft. span of noncomposite loads

Pile Hinged Abutment

Figure 1-1: Sectional Elevation of P.C. I-Girder Bridge

33.1 ft. total width

14 in.
3.3 ft. 23.9 ft. roadway width 2.0 in.
8 in. reinforced concrete deck 2.4 in. WC

0.1 ft.
Figure 1-2: X-Section of P.C. I-Girder Bridge
1.1 - Overhanging width of deck slab: (C4.6.2.6.1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 4-55)
1. Overhang width is less or equal to 0.5Sg = 3.9 ft
Applied overhanging width from C/L of facia girder = 4.8 ft

1.2 - Web thickness of P.C. I-girder: (S 5.12.5.3.11b, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-233)

m
1. Min web thickness is 8.0 in. without prestressing ducts = 8.0 in.
2. Minm web thickness is 12.0 in. with only longitudinal or vertical ducts = 12.0 in.
Applied web thickness for girder, tw = 12.0 in.

1.3 - Top flange width of P.C. I-girder:

1. Top flange width of girder as per AASHTO I‐Beams type V‐VI, w tf = 42.0 in.
Applied girder top flange width, wtf = 44.0 in.

1.4 - Top flange thickness of P.C. I-girder: (S 5.12.3.5.1a, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-219)
m
1. Min top flange thickness of girder, t tf > clear span between webs divided by 20 = 4.1 in.
m
2. Min top flange thickness of girder as per AASHTO I‐Beams type V‐VI, t tf = 5.0 in.
Applied girder top flange thickness, ttf = 6.0 in.

1.5 - Bottom flange width of P.C. I-girder:

1. Girder bottom flange width as per AASHTO I‐Beams type V-VI, wbf = 28.0 in.
Applied girder bottom flange width, wbf = 32.0 in.

1.6 - Bottom flange thickness of P.C. I-girder: (S 5.12.3.5.1b, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-219)
m
1. Min bottom flange thickness of girder, t bf > 5.5 in. = 5.5 in.
m
2. Min bottom flange thick. of girder, t bf > clear span between webs divided by 30 = 2.7 in.
m
3. Min bottom flange thick. of girder as per AASHTO I‐Beams type V‐VI, t bf = 8.0 in.
Applied girder bottom flange thickness, tbf = 10.0 in.

1.7 - Height of P.C. I-girder: (T 2.5.2.6.3-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 2-14)

m
1. Min height of precast I‐girder including deck, h g with deck = 0.045L g‐brg = 69.4 in.
m
2. Max height of precast I‐girder as per AASHTO I‐Beams type V‐VI, t bf = 72.0 in.
Applied height of non-composite precast I-girder, hg = 80.0 in.
 44 in.

(g)
20 12 6 in.
(f) (e) 3
(d)
4
4
12 in.

80 in. 47 in. (c) 61 in.

10in.

10 in.
(b)

(a)
10

6 in. 32 in.
Figure 1-3: X-Section of Non Composite P.C. I-Girder

1.8 - Property of P.C. I-girder:

3 2
Moment of inertia, Ig = bh /12 + ad
Section modulus from top of girder, St = Ig/Yt
Section modulus from bottom of girder, Sb = Ig/Yb

Table 1-1 Noncomposite P.C. I-girder section properties along X-X or strong axis:
Gross Ix of Section
Neutral axis,
area, y of each part each AY y - Yb A*(y - Yb)
2
Moment of Modulus, S
Part Ag from bottom 3 N.A (in.) 4 3
part (in. ) (in.) 4
(in. ) Inertia, Ig (in. ) (in. )
2 (in.) 4
(in. ) (in. ) Yb Yt St Sb
a 320 5.0 2667 1600 -34.9 390243
b 100 13.3 556 1333 -26.6 70693
c 732 40.5 226981 29646 0.6 245
d 16 69.7 14.2 1115 29.7 14156
39.9 40.1 1172434 29253 29369
e 60 72.5 45.0 4350 32.6 63682
f 36 73.0 18.0 2628 33.1 39391
g 264 77.0 792 20328 37.1 362952
Total = 1528 231072 61000 941361

1.9 - X-sectional area, surface area & volume of P.C. I-girder:

2
X-sectional of non-composite girder at end, Ag-end = 2650 in.
Surface area of girder, Sag = 3196 in.2/ft
Volume of girder, vg = 18336 in.3/ft
Table 1-2 Noncomposite P.C. I-girder section properties along Y-Y or weak axis:
Gross Ix of Section
Neutral axis, x- Moment of
area, x of each part each Ax A*(x - Xleft)
2
Modulus, S
Part from bottom 3 N.A (in.) Xleft Inertia, Ilat 3
Ag part (in. ) 4 (in. )
(in.) (in.) (in. ) 4
2
(in. ) (in.4
) (in. )
xleft xright Sleft Sright
a 320 22.0 27307 7040 0.0 0
b 50 12.7 278 633.3 -9.3 4356
b' 50 31.3 278 1567 9.3 4356
c 732 22.0 8784 16104 0.0 0
d 8 14.7 7.1 117.3 -7.3 430
d' 8 29.3 7.1 234.7 22.0 22.0 7.3 430 98168 4462 4462
e 60 22.0 2000 1320 0.0 0
f 18 8.0 144.0 144 -14.0 3528
f' 18 36.0 144.0 648 14.0 3528
g 264 22.0 42592 5808 0.0 0
Total = 1528 81540 33616 0.0 16628

1.10 - Effective flange width of interior P.C. I-girder: (S 4.6.2.6.1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 4-54)
Effective flange width in composite girder is 1/2 distance to adjacent girder on each side = 47.2 in.
The effective flange width for an interior girder, bf = 94.5 in.

1.11 - Effective flange width of exterior P.C. I-girder:

Effective flange width in composite girder is 1/2 distance to adjacent girder on each side = 47.2 in.
Overhanging width from C/L of facia girder = 57.1 in.
The effective flange width for an exterior girder, b f = 104.3 in.
 94 in.

(h) 44
8 in.
(g)
20 12 6 in.
(f) (e) 3
(d) 4
4
12 in.

(c)
80 in. 47 in. 61 in. 88 in.

10 in.

10 (b)

10 (a)

32 in.
Figure 1-4: X-Section of Composite Interior P.C. I-Girder

Table 1-3 Interior composite P.C. I-girder section properties along X-X or strong axis:
y of
Gross Ix of
each A*(y - Moment of Section Modulus, S
area, part each AY Neutral axis, N.A (in.) y - Yb 2 3
Part 3 Yb) Inertia, Igc (in. )
Ac from part (in. ) (in.) 4 4
2 bottom 4 (in. ) (in. )
(in. ) (in. )
(in.) Ybc Ytc Ytsc Stsc Stc Sbc
a 320 5.0 2667 1600 -49.5 784323
b 100 13.3 556 1333 -41.2 169533
c 732 40.5 226981 29646 -14.0 143629
d 16 69.7 14.2 1115 15.2 3677
e 60 72.5 45.0 4350 54.5 25.5 33.5 18.0 19423 2158874 64459 84687 39607
f 36 73.0 18.0 2628 18.5 12311
g 264 77.0 792 20328 22.5 133559
h 755.7 84.0 4030 63480 29.5 657317
Total = 2284 235103 124480 1923771
 104 in.

(h) 44
8 in.
(g)
20 12 6
(f) (e) 3
(d) 4
4
12 in.

(c)
80 in. 47 in. 61 in. 88 in.

10in.

10 (b)

10 (a)

32 in.
Figure 1-5: X-Section of Composite Exterior P.C. I-Girder

Table 1-4 Exterior composite P.C. I-girder section properties along X-X or strong axis:
y of
Gross Ix of
each A*(y - Section Modulus, S
area, part each AY Neutral axis, N.A (in.) y - Yb 2 Moment of 3
Part 3 Yb) 4 (in. )
Ac from part (in. ) (in.) Inertia, Ic (in. )
4
2
(in. ) bottom 4 (in. )
(in.)
(in. )
Ybc Ytc Ytsc Stsc Stc Sbc
a 320 5.0 2667 1600 -50.5 815770
b 100 13.3 556 1333 -42.2 177722
c 732 40.5 226981 29646 -15.0 164489
d 16 69.7 14.2 1115 14.2 3215.5
e 60 72.5 45.0 4350 55.5 24.5 32.5 17.0 17360 2225483 68456 90800 40106
f 36 73.0 18.0 2628 17.5 11037
g 264 77.0 792 20328 21.5 122143
h 834 84.0 4450 70092 28.5 678224
Total = 2362 235523 131092 1989960
2 - Live Load Distribution Factors:
Multiple presence factor of single lane, m1 (T 3.6.1.1.2‐1, AASHTO‐2017, Page; 3‐21) = 1.2
Multiple presence factor of two lane, m2 = 1.0
Correction factor of source aggregate, k1 (S 5.4.2.4, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-20) = 1.0
Number of girder, Ng = 4.0 nos.
Skew angle, θ = 1.0 deg
Concrete strength (28-days) of girder, f'cg = 5.8 ksi
Concrete strength (28-days) of deck slab, f'cs = 4.4 ksi
4
Moment of inertia of non-composite-girder, Ig = 1.E+06 in.
2
Cross sectional area of non-composite-girder, Ag = 1528 in.
Length of girder betn bearing center to center, Lg-brg = 128.5 ft.
Center to center spacing of girder, Sg = 7.9 ft.
Distance from C/L of exterior girder to gutter, de < 3 = 0.1 ft.
(S 4.6.2.2.1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 4-30)
Slab thickness excluding wearing surface, ts (T 4.6.2.2.2b-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 4-37) = 8.0 in.
n
Distance bet C.G. of non‐composite girder and deck, e g = Yt+ts/2 = 44.1 in.

2.1 - Modular ratio between P.C. I-girder and deck:

Unit weight of concrete, γc (5.0 < f'cg < 15 ksi) = 0.14+0.001*f'cg = 0.15 kcf
(T 3.5.1-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 3-19)
Modulus of elasticity of girder, EG =33000*K1*γc1.5*√f'cg = 4425 ksi
(EQ C5.4.2.4-2, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-20)
Modulus of elasticity of deck slab, Es = 3832 ksi
Modular ratio betn girder and deck slab, n = EG/Es = 1.15
(EQ 4.6.2.2.1-2, AASHTO-2017, Page; 4-32)
2.2 - Longitudinal stiffness parameter:
4
Longitudinal stiffness parameter, Kg = n(Ig+Ag*eg2) = 4781859 in.
(EQ 4.6.2.2.1-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 4-32) Longitudinal stiffness is ok
2.3 - Moment distribution factor of an interior P.C. I-girder with two or more design lanes:
0.6 0.2 3 0.1
Two or more design lanes, DM = 0.075+(S g/9.5) *(Sg/Lg‐brg) *{Kg/(12*Lg‐brg*ts )} = 0.69
(T 4.6.2.2.2b-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 4-37)
2.4 - Moment distribution factor of an interior P.C. I-girder with one design lane:
0.4 0.3 3 0.1
One design lane, DM = 0.06+(S g/14) *(Sg/Lg‐brg) *{Kg/(12*Lg‐brg*ts )} = 0.47

2.5 - Skew correction factor of shear: (T 4.6.2.2.3c-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 4-46)

3 0.3
Skew correction factor, SC = 1+0.2*(12*L g‐brg*ts /Kg) *tanθ = 1.0

2.6 - Shear distribution factor of an interior P.C. I-girder with two or more design lanes:
2
Two or more design lanes, DV = 0.2+S g/12‐(Sg/35) = 0.805
Applying skew correction factor, DV = 0.81
(T 4.6.2.2.3a-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 4-43)
2.7 - Shear distribution factor of an interior P.C. I-girder with one design lane:
One design lane, DV = 0.36+S g/25 = 0.675
Applying skew correction factor, DV = 0.67
 X1
4.6 ft. 2.0 ft. 6 ft. 0.0 ft.

4.3 ft. X2

7.9 ft.
Figure 2-1: Lever rule of an exterior P.C. I-girder

2.8 - Moment distribution factor of an exterior P.C. I-girder with two or more design lanes:
Ecentricity of a design truck, e = 0.77+de/9.1 = 0.79
Two or more design lanes, DM = e*DMInterior = 0.54
Service & strength limit state, DM will be multiplied by multilple presence factor = 0.54
(T 4.6.2.2.2d-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 4-40)
2.9 - Moment distribution factor of an exterior P.C. I-girder with one design lane using lever rule:
Fatigue limit state, DM = (X1+X2)/(2*Sg) = 0.38
Service & strength limit state, DM will be multiplied by multilple presence factor = 0.46

2.10 - Shear distribution factor of an exterior P.C. I-girder with two or more design lanes:
Ecentricity of a design truck, e = 0.6+de/10 (T 4.6.2.2.3b‐1, AASHTO‐2017, Page; 4‐45) = 0.61
Two or more design lanes, DV = e*DVInterior = 0.49
Applying skew correction factor, DV = 0.50

2.11 - Shear distribution factor of an exterior P.C. I-girder with one design lane using lever rule:
Service and strength limit state, DV = DMExterior *SC = 0.46
C/L
10.0 ft.

2.0 ft. R1 7.0 ft. 5.0 ft. R2

P1 P1 P2 P2

3.9 ft.

11.8 ft.
Figure 2-3: Additional Check of Rigidly Connected P.C. I-Girder
2.12 - Distribution factor of an exterior P.C. I-girder with one design lane by additional check:
Number of lane, NL = 1.0 nos.
Horizontal distance from C.G. of pattern to exterior girder, Xext = 11.8 ft.
Ecentricity of a design truck from C.G. of pattern of girders, Σe = 7.0 ft.
Fatigue limit state reaction on exterior beam in terms of lanes, R = NL/Ng+Xext(Σe)/Σx2 = 0.51
Strength limit state applying multiple presence factor, R = 0.62
(EQ C4.6.2.2.2d-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 4-39)
2.13 - Distribution factor of an exterior P.C. I-girder with two or more design lane by additional check:
Number of lane, NL = 2.0 nos.
Ecentricity of a design truck from C.G. of pattern of girders, Σe = 1.9 ft.
2
Reaction on exterior beam in terms of lanes, R = NL/Ng+Xext(Σe)/Σx = 0.57
Strength limit state applying multiple presence factor, R = 0.57

Table 2-1 Summary of service and strength limit state distribution factors:

Distribution factors DM for interior DM for exterior DV for interior DV for exterior
Load case girder girder girder girder
Multiple lane load 0.69 0.54 0.81 0.50
General check
Single lane load 0.47 0.46 0.67 0.46
Additional check for rigidly Multiple lane load NA 0.57 NA 0.57
connected girders Single lane load NA 0.62 NA 0.62
Design value 0.69 0.62 0.81 0.62
3 - Dead Load & Live Load:
Dynamic load allowance, IM (T 3.6.2.1-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 3-31) = 33.0 %
Moment distribution factor of an interior girder, DM(I) = 0.69
Moment distribution factor of an exterior girder, DM(E) = 0.62
Shear distribution factor of an interior girder, DV(I) = 0.81
Shear distribution factor of an exterior girder, DV(E) = 0.62
Number of girder, Ng = 4.0 nos.
Unit weight of concrete, γc = 0.15 kcf
Unit weight of bituminous wearing course, γwc (T 3.5.1-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 3-19) = 0.14 kcf
2
Cross sectional area of non-composite girder at end, Ag‐end = 2650 in.
2
Cross sectional area of non-composite girder at middle, Ag‐mid = 1528 in.
2
Cross sectional area of non-composite girder at transformed section, Ag‐trns. = 2089 in.
Length of girder, Lg = 131.2 ft.
Length of girder betn bearing center to center, Lg-brg = 128.5 ft.
Total length of girder for end section, Lg-end = 14.7 ft.
Total length of girder for transformed section, Lg-trns. = 7.3 ft.
Total length of girder for mid section, Lg-mid. = 109.2 ft.
Center to center spacing of girder, Sg = 7.9 ft.
Overhanging width of slab from C/L of exterior girder = 4.8 ft.
Distance from C/L of exterior girder to gutter, de = 0.1 ft.
Nos. of diaphragm, nd = 6.0 nos.
Thickness of diaphragm, td = 1.2 ft.
Height of diaphragm, hd = 5.0 ft.
Web thickness of girder, tw = 12.0 in.
Thickness of wearing course, twc = 2.4 in.
Slab thickness excluding wearing surface, ts = 8.0 in.
2
X-sectional area of crash barrier, Acrash-barrier = 6.4 ft.
2
X-sectional area of kerb & footpath slab, Akerb-slab = 3.3 ft.
Width of footpath, Wf = 3.3 ft.

3.1 - P.C. I-girder weight:

Girder weight, DCgirder(I/E) = Ag* γc = 1.71 k/ft./gir.

3.2 - Deck slab weight:

Deck slab weight, DCslab(I) = 0.77 k/ft./gir.
Deck slab weight, DCslab(E) = 0.84 k/ft./gir.

3.3 - Diaphragm weight:

Diaphragm weight, DCdiaphragm(I) = 0.27 k/ft./gir.
Diaphragm weight, DCdiaphragm(E) = 0.13 k/ft./gir.

3.4 - Parapet weight:

Pedestrain weight on railing, DCpeds.(rail) (S 13.8.2, AASHTO-2017, Page; 13-10) = 0.03 k/ft./gir.
Crash barrier weight, DCcrash-barrier = 0.23 k/ft./gir.
Kerb and footpath slab weight, DCkerb-footpath = 0.12 k/ft./gir.
Pedestrain weight, DCpeds.(walkway) (S 3.6.1.6, AASHTO-2017, Page; 3-30) = 0.12 k/ft./gir.
Total parapet & footpath weight, DCpar.&foot. = 0.50 k/ft./gir.

3.5 - Wearing surface weight:

Wearing surface weight, DWWS(I) = 0.22 k/ft./gir.
Wearing surface weight, DWWS(E) = 0.12 k/ft./gir.
 8 kip 32 kip 32 kip

14 ft. 14 ft.
Figure 3-1: Design Truck of HL-93K
3.6 - Live load weight:
Total axel load of HL-93K (S 3.6.1.2.2, AASHTO-2017, Page; 3-22) = 72.0 kip
The design lane load, Wlane (S 3.6.1.2.4, AASHTO-2017, Page; 3-23) = 0.64 k/ft.

3.7 - Load combinations: (T 3.4.1-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 3-15)

Strength-I = 1.25(DC) + 1.5(DW) + 1.75(LL + IM)
Service-I = 1.0[DC + DW + (LL + IM)]
Service-III = 1.0(DC + DW) + 0.8(LL + IM)

Table 3-1 Summary of unfactored & factored moments of interior P.C. I-girder:
Noncomposite Composite Live load + IM Factored
Location Parapet & moment as
Girder Slab Diaphragm Total noncomp WS Positive HL-93
Footpath strength-I
ft. kip-ft. kip-ft. kip-ft. kip-ft. kip-ft. kip-ft. kip-ft. kip-ft.
0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2.5 269 121 42 431 79 35 230 1094
5.0 527 236 83 846 155 69 452 2145
12.9 1268 569 199 2036 372 167 1088 5164
25.7 2255 1011 353 3619 662 296 1934 9180
38.6 2959 1327 464 4750 869 389 2538 12048
51.4 3382 1517 530 5429 993 444 2900 13770
64.3 3523 1580 552 5655 1035 463 3021 14343
77.1 3382 1517 530 5429 993 444 2900 13770
90.0 2959 1327 464 4750 869 389 2538 12048
102.8 2255 1011 353 3619 662 296 1934 9180
115.7 1268 569 199 2036 372 167 1088 5164
123.5 527 236 83 846 155 69 452 2145
126.0 269 121 42 431 79 35 230 1094
128.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Table 3-2 Summary of unfactored & factored shear of interior P.C. I-girder:
Noncomposite Composite Live load + IM
Factored shear
Location Parapet &
Girder Slab Diaphragm WS Positive HL-93 as strength-I
Footpath
ft. kip kip kip kip kip kip kip
0.0 111.9 50.2 17.5 32.9 14.7 110.9 481.8
2.5 107.6 48.3 16.9 31.6 14.1 108.2 466.0
5.0 103.4 46.4 16.2 30.4 13.6 105.4 450.2
13.1 89.5 40.2 14.0 26.3 11.8 96.5 399.0
26.2 67.1 30.1 10.5 19.7 8.8 82.0 316.1
39.4 44.8 20.1 7.0 13.1 5.9 67.5 233.2
52.5 22.4 10.0 3.5 6.6 2.9 53.0 150.4
65.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 38.6 67.5
78.7 -22.4 -10.0 -3.5 -6.6 -2.9 -53.0 -150.4
91.8 -44.8 -20.1 -7.0 -13.1 -5.9 -67.5 -233.2
105.0 -67.1 -30.1 -10.5 -19.7 -8.8 -82.0 -316.1
118.1 -89.5 -40.2 -14.0 -26.3 -11.8 -96.5 -399.0
126.2 -103 -46.4 -16.2 -30.4 -13.6 -105.4 -450.2
128.7 -108 -48.3 -16.9 -31.6 -14.1 -108.2 -466.0
131.2 -112 -50.2 -17.5 -32.9 -14.7 -110.9 -481.8

Table 3-3 Summary of unfactored & factored moments of exterior P.C. I-girder:
Noncomposite Composite Live load + IM Factored
Location Parapet & moment as
Girder Slab Diaphragm Total noncomp WS Positive HL-93
Footpath strength-I
ft. kip-ft. kip-ft. kip-ft. kip-ft. kip-ft. kip-ft. kip-ft. kip-ft.
0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2.5 269 133 21 423 79 18 207 1018
5.0 527 261 41 829 155 36 406 1995
12.9 1268 628 99 1996 372 86 978 4802
25.7 2255 1117 177 3548 662 154 1739 8537
38.6 2959 1466 232 4657 869 201 2283 11204
51.4 3382 1675 265 5322 993 230 2609 12805
64.3 3523 1745 276 5543 1035 240 2718 13339
77.1 3382 1675 265 5322 993 230 2609 12805
90.0 2959 1466 232 4657 869 201 2283 11204
102.8 2255 1117 177 3548 662 154 1739 8537
115.7 1268 628 99 1996 372 86 978 4802
123.5 527 261 41 829 155 36 406 1995
126.0 269 133 21 423 79 18 207 1018
128.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Table 3-4 Summary of unfactored & factored shear of exterior P.C. I-girder:
Noncomposite Composite Live load + IM
Factored shear
Location Parapet &
Girder Slab Diaphragm WS Positive HL-93 as strength-I
Footpath
ft. kip kip kip kip kip kip kip
0.0 111.9 55.4 8.8 32.9 7.6 85.1 421.6
2.5 107.6 53.3 8.4 31.6 7.3 83.0 407.5
5.0 103.4 51.2 8.1 30.4 7.0 80.9 393.4
13.1 89.5 44.3 7.0 26.3 6.1 74.0 347.6
26.2 67.1 33.3 5.3 19.7 4.6 62.9 273.6
39.4 44.8 22.2 3.5 13.1 3.0 51.8 199.7
52.5 22.4 11.1 1.8 6.6 1.5 40.7 125.7
65.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 29.6 51.8
78.7 -22.4 -11.1 -1.8 -6.6 -1.5 -40.7 -125.7
91.8 -44.8 -22.2 -3.5 -13.1 -3.0 -51.8 -199.7
105.0 -67.1 -33.3 -5.3 -19.7 -4.6 -62.9 -273.6
118.1 -89.5 -44.3 -7.0 -26.3 -6.1 -74.0 -347.6
126.2 -103 -51.2 -8.1 -30.4 -7.0 -80.9 -393.4
128.7 -108 -53.3 -8.4 -31.6 -7.3 -83.0 -407.5
131.2 -112 -55.4 -8.8 -32.9 -7.6 -85.1 -421.6
4 - Loss of Prestress:
Wobble friction coefficient, k (T 5.9.3.2.2b-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-130) = 0.0002 /ft
Coefficient of friction, μ = 0.2
Average annual ambient relative humidity, H = 70 %
(FIG 5.4.2.3.3-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-19)
Factor accounting for low relaxation strands, KL = 30.0
(S 5.9.3.4.2c, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-136)
Consider total nos. of provided strand, Nstrands(total) = 57 nos.
Consider total nos. of provided cable, Ncable(total) = 3 nos.
Nos. of strand in each cable = 19.0 nos.
Modulus of elasticity of prestressing strand, Eps (S 5.4.4.2, AASHTO‐2017, Page; 5‐23) = 28500 ksi
Ultimate stress of prestressing strand, fpu (T 5.4.4.1‐1, AASHTO‐2017, Page; 5‐23) = 270 ksi
Yield stress of prestressing strand, fpy (90% of fpu) = 243 ksi
Strength of concrete at time of initial loading/at transfer, f'ci/fct (80% of f'cg) = 4.6 ksi
(S 5.4.2.3.2, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-18)
1.5
Modulus of elasticity of concrete for girder at transfer, Eci/Ect = 33000*K1*γc *√f'ci = 3957 ksi
Midspan moment due to P.C. girder self weight, Mg = 42273 k-in.
2
Strand area for 0.6 in. aps (as per manufacturing chart) = 0.22 in .
2
Cross-sectional area of non-composite girder, Ag = 1528 in.
4
Moment of inertia of non-composite girder, Ig = 1E+06 in.
Length of girder, Lg = 131.2 ft.
Neutral axis of non-composite girder from bottom, Yb = 39.9 in.
Minm clear vertical distance betn two ducts, dv (S 5.9.5.1.1, AASHTO‐2017, Page; 5‐145) = 2.0 in.
The anchorage set value, δs (C5.9.3.2.1, AASHTO‐2017, Page; 5‐128) = 0.38 in.
Concrete clear cover for unprocted reinforcing steel, cc = 3.0 in.
(T 5.10.1-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-165)
Consider the diameter of post-tensioning duct, dp = 3.6 in.
Assume, 16 mm dia. bar use as longitudinal reinf. at bottom, ds-long. = 0.6 in.
Assume, 12 mm dia. bar are used as stirrup, ds-stir. = 0.5 in.

4.1 - Cable arrangement of P.C. I-girder at middle:

6.0
6.0
6.0

Figure 4-1: X-Section of P.C. I-Girder Showing 3 nos. Cable

Table 4-1 C.G. of prestressing strands and ecentricity at 65.6 ft. middle of P.C.-I girder:

Cable no.

Direction
C.G. of strand at P/S force

'X' (in.)
Emergence Strand area
0 787 middle from ecentricity at
angle, θ (in.2) bottom (in.) middle (in.)
1 20 6.0 2.0 4.1
2 40 6.0 4.9 4.1
3 60 6.0 7.8 4.1
Direction 'Y' (in.)

0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

6.0 33.9
0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Table 4-2 Horizontal & vertical location of prestressing cable at middle of P.C. I-girder:
Horizontal distance from C/L of girder Vertical distance from bottom of girder
Cable No.
(inch) (inch)
1 ‐8.0 6.0
2 0.0 6.0
3 8.0 6.0
0 0.0
0 0.0
0 0.0
0 0.0
0 0.0

4.2 - Initial stress in the tendons immediately prior to transfer: (T 5.9.2.2-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-121)
Stress in prestressing steel immediately prior to transfer, fpbt = 0.9f py = 208 ksi
77.1 < 81.0 %
4.3 - Instantaneous losses:
Elastic shortening (EQ C5.9.3.2.3b-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-132) 2
Total area of strand, Aps = Nstrand(total) *aps = 12.4 in.
Loss due to elastic shortening after transfer, ΔfpES =(N‐1)/2N*(A psfpbt(Ig + e2midAg) ‐ emidMgAg)/(A ps(Ig+e2midAg)+AgIgEci/Eps) = 6.3 ksi
4.4 - Prestressing stress at transfer:
Stress in prestressing strands at transfer, fpt = fpbt ‐ ΔfpES = 202.0 ksi
Force in prestressing strands at transfer, Pt = Aps*fpt = 2499 kip
Initial loss of prestressing force = 3.0 %

4.5 - Jacking stress:

Loss due to relaxation of prestressing strands at transfer, ΔfpR1 = fpt/KL(fpt/fpy‐0.55) = 1.9 ksi
Jacking stress, fpj = fpbt + ΔfpR1 (EQ 5.9.3.4.2c-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-136) = 210.2 ksi
Jaking force, Pj = Aps*fpj = 2600 kip
Jaking force at each cable, pj(each) = 866.5 kip
= 3855 kN
Friction losses (EQ 5.9.3.2.2b-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-128)
Sum of the absolute values of angular change of prestressing steel path from jacking end, α = 4.9 ⁰
Loss due to friction betn internal prestressing tendons & duct, Δf pF = fpj(1- e− (kx + μα)) = 8.9 ksi

Anchorage slip losses (EQ 7.5.1.1-1, Post Tensioned Concrete Girders by Cal Trans, Chapter-7, Page; 7-10)
Influence length of anchor set, xpA = √(EP*δs*Lg/(12*ΔfpF)) = 395.9 in.
Anchorage slip loss, ΔfpAS = 2*ΔfpF*xpA/Lg = 4.5 ksi

4.6 - Time-dependent losses after transfer:

Creep losses (S 5.9.3.3, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-133)
Loss due to creep of concrete, ΔfpCR = 10*f pbt*Aps/Ag*(1.7 ‐ 0.01H)*5/(1+f' ci) = 14.9 ksi

Shrinkage losses
Loss due to shrinkage of concrete, ΔfpSR =12*(1.7 ‐ 0.01H)*5/(1+f'ci) = 10.6 ksi

Relaxation losses
Loss due to relaxation after transfer, ΔfpR2 = 6.0 ‐ 0.12*Δf pES ‐ 0.06*(Δf pSR + ΔfpCR) = 2.4 ksi

4.7 - Total loss after transfer:

Total loss after transfer, ΔfpT = ΔfpES + ΔfpF + ΔfpAS + ΔfpCR + ΔfpSR + ΔfpR2 = 47.7 ksi

4.8 - Final effective prestress responses: (T 5.9.2.2-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-121)

At service limit state after all losses allowable stress in prestressing steel, f pa = 0.8f py = 194.4 ksi
Effective stress in prestressing strands after all losses, f pe = fpbt ‐ ΔfpT = 160.6 ksi
Ok
Actual force in prestressing strands after all losses, Pe = Aps*fpe = 1986 kip
Total loss of stress, Δtotal = 22.9 %

4.9 - Elongation:
Elongation = pj(each)*Lg/Aps(each)*Eps (as per 1st formula) = 11.6 in.
Again, Strain, £ps = fpj/Eps = 0.007
Elongation/change in length(considering both end), δl = £ps*(Lg/2) = 5.8 in.
Elongation/change in length(considering one end), δl = £ps*Lg (as per 2nd formula) = 11.6 in.
5 - Stress in Prestressing Strands:
Total nos. of provided strand, Nstrands(total) = 57 nos.
st
Consider nos. of provided cable at 1 row = 3 nos.
st
Nos. of strand for 1 row, Nstrands(1st) = 57 nos.
nd
Consider nos. of provided cable at 2 row = 0 nos.
Nos. of strand for second row, Nstrands(2nd) = 0 nos.
rd
Consider nos. of provided cable at 3 row (Please adjust here) = 0 nos.
Nos. of strand for third row, Nstrands(3rd) = 0 nos.
Consider nos. of provided cable at 4th row (Please adjust here) = 0 nos.
Nos. of strand for fourth row, Nstrands(4th) = 0 nos.
Consider nos. of provided cable at 5th row = 0 nos.
Nos. of strand for fifth row, Nstrands(5th) = 0 nos.
Total nos. of provided cable, Ncable(total) = 3 nos.
Concrete strength (28-days) of girder, f'cg = 5.8 ksi
Strength of concrete at time of initial loading/at transfer, f'ci = 4.6 ksi
Concrete strength of deck slab, f'cs = 4.4 ksi
Stress block factor of slab concrete (f'c < 4 ksi), β1 = 0.80
(S 5.6.2.2, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-36)
Stress block factor of slab concrete (f'c < 10 ksi), α1 0.85
As per table of low relaxation strand factor, k = 0.28
(T C5.6.3.1.1-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-37)
Ultimate stress of prestressing strand, fpu = 270 ksi
Yield stress of prestressing strand, fpy = 243 ksi
Force in prestressing strands at transfer, Pt = 2499 kip
Effective force in prestressing strands after all losses, Pe = 1986 kip
Modular ratio between girder and deck, n = 1.2
The effective flange width of an interior girder, bf = 94.5 in.
Top flange width of girder, wtf = 44.0 in.
Slab thickness excluding wearing surface, ts = 8.0 in.
Distance from extreme compression fiber to C.G. of P/S strands, dp = h‐C.G. of strand from bottom = 82.0 in.
Diameter of post-tensioning duct, dp = 3.6 in.
2
Total area of strand, Aps = 12.4 in.

5.1 - Stress in prestressing strands at nominal flexural resistance:

For the midspan section (EQ 5.6.3.1.1-2, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-36)
Correction factor as closely spaced anchors for low relaxation strand, k=2(1.04-f py/fpu) = 0.28
Allowable / provided strand factor, k = 0.28
For rectangular section behaviour, distance between neutral axis and compressive face, c = Apsfpu/(α1f'csβ1bf + kAps*fpu/dp)
(EQ 5.6.3.1.1-4, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-37) = 11.5 in.
Girder is behaving as a T - section so please calculate again
For T-section behaviour, distance between NA and compressive face, c = (Apsfpu‐α1f'cs(bf‐wtf*n)ts)/(α1f'csβ1wtf*n + kApsfpu/dp)
= 12.7 in.
n
Allowed distance bet neutral axis and compressive face at middle of girder, c = 12.7 in.
Average stress in prestressing strands at nominal flexural resistance, fps = fpu(1‐k*c/dp) = 258.3 ksi
(EQ 5.6.3.1.1-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-36)
Average force in prestressing strands at nominal flexural resistance, Ps = Aps*fps = 3195 kip
Table 5-1 Prestressing strand forces at transfer:
Distance from C/L of Initial prestressing force at transfer
st nd rd th 5th
brg. 1 row 2 row 3 row 4 row row Total
ft. kip kip kip kip kip kip
0.0 2498.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2498.7
2.5 2498.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2498.7
5.0 2498.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2498.7
13.1 2498.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2498.7
26.2 2498.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2498.7
39.4 2498.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2498.7
52.5 2498.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2498.7
65.6 2498.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2498.7
78.7 2498.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2498.7
91.8 2498.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2498.7
105.0 2498.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2498.7
118.1 2498.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2498.7
126.2 2498.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2498.7
128.7 2498.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2498.7
131.2 2498.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2498.7

Table 5-2 - Prestressing strand forces after all losses:

Prestressing force after losses Force at the nominal flexural resistance
rd th th rd th th
Distance from C/L of brg. 1 st row 2nd row 3 row 4 row 5 row Total 1 st row 2nd row 3 row 4 row 5 row Total
ft. kip kip kip kip kip kip kip kip kip kip kip kip
0.0 1986 0 0 0 0 1986 3195 0 0 0 0 3195
2.5 1986 0 0 0 0 1986 3195 0 0 0 0 3195
5.0 1986 0 0 0 0 1986 3195 0 0 0 0 3195
13.1 1986 0 0 0 0 1986 3195 0 0 0 0 3195
26.2 1986 0 0 0 0 1986 3195 0 0 0 0 3195
39.4 1986 0 0 0 0 1986 3195 0 0 0 0 3195
52.5 1986 0 0 0 0 1986 3195 0 0 0 0 3195
65.6 1986 0 0 0 0 1986 3195 0 0 0 0 3195
78.7 1986 0 0 0 0 1986 3195 0 0 0 0 3195
91.8 1986 0 0 0 0 1986 3195 0 0 0 0 3195
105.0 1986 0 0 0 0 1986 3195 0 0 0 0 3195
118.1 1986 0 0 0 0 1986 3195 0 0 0 0 3195
126.2 1986 0 0 0 0 1986 3195 0 0 0 0 3195
128.7 1986 0 0 0 0 1986 3195 0 0 0 0 3195
131.2 1986 0 0 0 0 1986 3195 0 0 0 0 3195
 12 in.

20 in. 0 in.

6 in.

8 in. 20 in.

Ag A'b
8 in.

Figure 5-1: Dimension of Blister/End block

5.2 - Endblock design:
Consider, area of endblock, A'b = 240 in.2
Gross area of anchor plate, Agp = 64 in.2
Area of duct hole, adh = 10.2 in.2
Net area of anchor plate, Ab = 53.8 in.2
Ratio of area of endblock to area of anchor plate, A'b/Ab > 1 = 4.5
Average force in prestressing strands at nominal flexural resistance for each cable, P ps(cable) = 1065 kip
At service condition, permissible compressive stress for endblock, f cp =0.6f'cg *√(A'b/Ab) < 1.25f'ci = 5.8 ksi
(EQ 7-25, T.Y.Lin, 3rd Edition, Page-277)
2
Required area of endblock, aendblock = Pps(cable)/fcp = 183.6 in.
Considered dimension is ok
6 - Flexure Design:
Resistance factor of web cripping, φw (S 5.9.2.3.2a, AASHTO‐2017, Page; 5‐123) = 1.0
Resistance factor of tension-controlled prestressed concrete sections, φtp = 1.0
(S 5.5.4.2, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-29)
Concrete density modification factor, λ (S 5.4.2.8, AASHTO‐2017, Page; 5‐21) = 1.0
Stress block factor of slab concrete, β1 = 0.80
Stress block factor of slab concrete, α1 = 0.85
Low relaxation strand factor, k = 0.28
Modular ratio between girder and deck, n = 1.2
Flexural cracking varibility factor (for all other concrete structures except precast segmental), γ1 = 1.6
For bonded tendons prestress varibility factor, γ2 (S 5.6.3.3, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-42) = 1.1
For prestress structure, ratio of specified minm yield strength to ultimate tensile strength of reinf., γ3 = 1.0
Compression controlled strain limit, εc (S 5.6.2.1, AASHTO‐2017, Page; 5‐33) = 0.003
Concrete strength (28-days) of girder, f'cg = 5.8 ksi
Concrete strength of deck slab, f'cs = 4.4 ksi
Ultimate stress of prestressing strand, fpu = 270 ksi
Yield stress of mild steel, fy = 60.0 ksi
Strength of concrete at time of initial loading/at transfer, f'ci/f'ct = 4.6 ksi
3
Section modulus from top of non composite girder, St = 29253 in.
3
Section modulus from bottom of non composite girder, Sb = 29369 in.
3
Section modulus from top of composite girder, Stc = 8E+04 in.
3
Section modulus from bottom of composite girder, Sbc = 39607 in.
3
Section modulus from top of slab of composite girder, Stsc = 64459 in.
2
Crossectional area of non-composite girder, Ag = 1528 in.
2
Total area of strand, Aps = 12.4 in.
Maxm factored applied moment as strength‐I limit state, M u = 14343 kip-ft.
Maxm factored non-composite moment as service-I limit state, MNC = 5655 kip-ft.
Half length of girder, Lg/2 = 787.2 in.
Slab thickness excluding wearing surface, ts = 8.0 in.
Neutral axis of non-composite girder from bottom, Yb = 39.9 in.
Height of non-composite girder, hg = 80.0 in.
Top flange width of girder, wtf = 44.0 in.
The effective flange width of an interior girder, bf = 94.5 in.
n
Allowed distance bet neutral axis and compressive face at middle of girder, c = 12.7 in.
Table 6-1 Cable profile, C.G. of cable & ecentricity:
st nd rd th th th th th
Nos of cable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 C.G.
Ordinate 'Y' at end from bottom of girder (in.) 20.0 40.0 60.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 of
Ordinate 'Y' at middle from bottom of girder (in.) 6.0 6.0 6.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 cable P/S force
Emergence angle, θ 2.04 4.95 7.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 from ecentricity (in.)
Nos. of strand & area for each cable 4.12 4.12 4.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 bottom
(in.)
Distance from girder end (in.) Ordinate at distance 'Y' from bottom of girder
0 20.0 40.1 60.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40.1 -0.2
30 19.0 37.5 56.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 37.6 2.4
60 18.0 35.1 52.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35.1 4.8
157 15.0 27.8 40.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 27.8 12.1
315 11.0 18.3 25.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18.3 21.6
472 8.2 11.5 14.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.5 28.5
630 6.6 7.4 8.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.4 32.6
787 6.0 6.0 6.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.0 33.9
945 6.6 7.4 8.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.4 32.6
1102 8.2 11.5 14.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.5 28.5
1260 11.0 18.3 25.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 18.3 21.6
1417 15.0 27.8 40.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 27.8 12.1
1514 18.0 35.1 52.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 35.1 4.8
1544 19.0 37.5 56.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 37.6 2.4
1574 20.0 40.1 60.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40.1 -0.2

6.1 - Flexural stress at transfer: (S 5.9.2.3.1a, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-121)

The allowable compression stress limit of prestressed concrete, fCompression = ‐0.65*f' ci = -3.02 ksi
The allowable tension stress limit of prestrssed concrete, fTension =0.24*λ*√f'ci = 0.52 ksi
(T 5.9.2.3.1b-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-123)
Table 6-2 Stress at top and bottom of P.C. I- girder at transfer:
Stress at transfer
Girder self
Location Ecentricity Pt at transfer
weight moment Top of girder Bottom of girder

(ft.) in. (k-ft) (kip) (ksi) Check (ksi) Check

0.0 -0.2 0.0 2498.7 -1.65 ok -1.62 ok
2.5 2.4 268.7 2498.7 -1.54 ok -1.73 ok
5.0 4.8 526.8 2498.7 -1.44 ok -1.83 ok
13.1 12.1 1268.2 2498.7 -1.12 ok -2.15 ok
26.2 21.6 2254.6 2498.7 -0.71 ok -2.56 ok
39.4 28.5 2959.1 2498.7 -0.42 ok -2.85 ok
52.5 32.6 3381.8 2498.7 -0.24 ok -3.02 Not ok
65.6 33.9 3522.7 2498.7 -0.18 ok -3.08 Not ok
78.7 32.6 3381.8 2498.7 -0.24 ok -3.02 Not ok
91.8 28.5 2959.1 2498.7 -0.42 ok -2.85 ok
105.0 21.6 2254.6 2498.7 -0.71 ok -2.56 ok
118.1 12.1 1268.2 2498.7 -1.12 ok -2.15 ok
126.2 4.8 526.8 2498.7 -1.44 ok -1.83 ok
128.7 2.4 268.7 2498.7 -1.54 ok -1.73 ok
131.2 -0.2 0.0 2498.7 -1.65 ok -1.62 ok
6.2 - Sample calculation of P.C. I-girder stress at transfer:
Girder top stress at 5.00 ft. from end of girder, ftop = ‐Pt/Ag + Pte/St ‐ Mg/St = -1.44 ksi
Stress limit for tension is ok
Girder bottom stress at 5.00 ft. from end of girder, fbottom = ‐Pt/Ag ‐ Pte/Sb + Mg/Sb = -1.83 ksi
Stress limit for compression is ok

6.3 - Final flexural stress under service limit state:

Compression stress: (T 5.9.2.3.2a-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-124)
Due to sum of effective prestress, permanent loads, and transient loads as well as during shipping and handling
Allowable compression stress of prestressed concrete beams, fComp, beam1 = ‐0.6*φw*f'cg = -3.48 ksi
Allowable compression stress of deck slab, fComp, slab = ‐0.6*φw*f'cs = -2.61 ksi
Due to the sum of effective prestress and permanent loads
Allowable compression stress of prestressed concrete beams, fComp, beam2 = ‐0.45*f' cg = -2.61 ksi
Tension stress:
For components with bonded prestressing tendons that are subjected to not worse than moderate corrosion conditions
Allowable tensile stress in prestressed concrete at service limit state after losses, f Tensile = 0.19λ√f'cg < 0.6 = 0.46 ksi
(T 5.9.2.3.2b-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-125)
Table 6-3 Force & moment of P.C. I-girder:
Girder non-composite Composite dead load Live load positive
Location Pe after losses
moment moment moment
(ft.) (k-ft) (kip) (k-ft) (k-ft)
0.0 0.0 1986.2 0.0 0.0
2.5 431.4 1986.2 114.2 230.5
5.0 845.7 1986.2 224.0 451.8
13.1 2035.7 1986.2 539.1 1087.7
26.2 3619.1 1986.2 958.4 1933.6
39.4 4750.1 1986.2 1257.9 2537.9
52.5 5428.6 1986.2 1437.6 2900.4
65.6 5654.8 1986.2 1497.5 3021.3
78.7 5428.6 1986.2 1437.6 2900.4
91.8 4750.1 1986.2 1257.9 2537.9
105.0 3619.1 1986.2 958.4 1933.6
118.1 2035.7 1986.2 539.1 1087.7
126.2 845.7 1986.2 224.0 451.8
128.7 431.4 1986.2 114.2 230.5
131.2 0.0 1986.2 0.0 0.0
Table 6-4 Final stress in the P.C. I-girder:
Ecentrici Final stress under PS & DL Final stress under all loads
Location
ty, e Top of beam Bottom of beam Top of beam Bottom of beam Top of slab
(ft.) in. (ksi) (ksi) (ksi) (ksi) (ksi)
0.0 -0.2 -1.31 ok -1.29 ok -1.31 ok -1.29 ok 0.00 ok
2.5 2.4 -1.33 ok -1.25 ok -1.37 ok -1.19 ok -0.06 ok
5.0 4.8 -1.35 ok -1.21 ok -1.42 ok -1.10 ok -0.11 ok
13.1 12.1 -1.39 ok -1.12 ok -1.54 ok -0.86 ok -0.26 ok
26.2 21.6 -1.45 ok -0.99 ok -1.72 ok -0.53 ok -0.47 ok
39.4 28.5 -1.49 ok -0.90 ok -1.85 ok -0.29 ok -0.61 ok
52.5 32.6 -1.52 ok -0.85 ok -1.93 ok -0.15 ok -0.70 ok
65.6 33.9 -1.53 ok -0.83 ok -1.96 ok -0.10 ok -0.73 ok
78.7 32.6 -1.52 ok -0.85 ok -1.93 ok -0.15 ok -0.70 ok
91.8 28.5 -1.49 ok -0.90 ok -1.85 ok -0.29 ok -0.61 ok
105.0 21.6 -1.45 ok -0.99 ok -1.72 ok -0.53 ok -0.47 ok
118.1 12.1 -1.39 ok -1.12 ok -1.54 ok -0.86 ok -0.26 ok
126.2 4.8 -1.35 ok -1.21 ok -1.42 ok -1.10 ok -0.11 ok
128.7 2.4 -1.33 ok -1.25 ok -1.37 ok -1.19 ok -0.06 ok
131.2 -0.2 -1.31 ok -1.29 ok -1.31 ok -1.29 ok 0.00 ok

6.4 - Sample calculation of final stress at service limit state:

Girder top stress after losses under sum of all loads (Service I):
Girder top stress at13.12 ft. from C/L of bearing, ftop = ‐Pe/Ag+Pee/St‐MDNC/St‐MDC/Stc‐MLL/Stc = -1.54 ksi
Stress limit for compression under full load is ok

Girder top stress under prestressing and dead load after losses:
Girder top stress at13.12 from C/L of bearing, ftop = ‐Pe/Ag+Pee/St‐MDNC/St‐MDC/Stc = -1.39 ksi
Stress limit for compression under permanent load is ok

Girder bottom stress under all loads (Service III):

Girder bottom stress
13.12
at from C/L of bearing, fbot. = ‐Pe/Ag‐Pee/Sb+MDNC/Sb+MDC/Sbc+0.8*MLL/Sbc = -0.86 ksi
Stress limit for compression under full load is ok

Girder bottom stress under prestressing and dead load after losses:
Girder top stress at13.12 from C/L of bearing, fbot. = ‐Pe/Ag‐Pee/Sb+MDNC/Sb+MDC/Sbc = -1.12 ksi
Stress limit for compression under permanent load is ok

Deck slab top stress under full load:

Deck slab top stress
13.12
at from C/L of bearing, ftop slab = (‐MDC/Stsc‐MLL/Stsc)/n = -0.26 ksi
Stress limit for compression in slab is ok
6.5 - Longitudinal steel at top of P.C. I-girder:

btop = 44 in.
0.18 ksi
6 4 in. 0.00
3 0.00
4 12 0.00 ksi
4
12 in.

80 in. 47 in.

10 in.

10
3.08 ksi
32 in. Stress at transfer
Figure 6-1: Maxm Stress at Top & Bottom of P.C. I-Girder at Transfer for 65.6 ft. from End

(FIG C5.9.2.3.1b-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-122)

By integrating tensile stress over corresponding area of beam, tensile force, T = f ci top*btop*X/2 = 18.0 kip
Permitted stress in the reinforcement, fs = 0.5f y < 30 ksi = 30.0 ksi
Required area of longitudinal steel at top of girder, As, longitudinal = T/fs = 0.6 in.2
Consider aqpplied dia. of bar, db = 12 mm i.e. as = 0.18 in.2
Required no. of bar, n = 6 nos

7.0 in.

3 nos. 12 φ 3 nos. 12 φ

12 φ @ 150 C/C

Figure 6-2: Longitudinal Reinforcement of P.C. I-Girder at Top Flange

Table 6-5 Flexural resistance for strength limit state at positive moment region:
(S 5.6.3.2, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-39)

Dist. from Dist. betn NA. & Flexural

Average stress in
compression fiber compressive face, c Depth of resistance in Factored flexural
prestressing
flanged sections, resistance, Mr =
equivalent stress
Location to C.G. of = (Apsfpu-α1f'cs(bf-
block for deck slab, steel, fps = fpu*(1‐ Check
prestressing wtf*n)ts)/(α1f'csβ1wtf Mn = Aps*fps(dp‐ φtpMn
a = β1c k*c/dp)
tendons, dp or de a/2)
*n + kApsfpu/dp)

(ft.) in. in. in. ksi kip-ft. kip-ft.

0.0 47.9 12.1 9.6 251.0 11140.6 11140.6 Ok
2.5 50.4 12.1 9.7 251.8 11833.2 11833.2 Ok
5.0 52.9 12.2 9.8 252.6 12500.3 12500.3 Ok
13.1 60.2 12.4 9.9 254.5 14487.3 14487.3 Ok
26.2 69.7 12.5 10.0 256.4 17105.7 17105.7 Ok
39.4 76.5 12.6 10.1 257.6 18981.4 18981.4 Ok
52.5 80.6 12.7 10.1 258.1 20108.5 20108.5 Ok
65.6 82.0 12.7 10.1 258.3 20484.5 20484.5 Ok
78.7 80.6 12.7 10.1 258.1 20108.5 20108.5 Ok
91.8 76.5 12.6 10.1 257.6 18981.4 18981.4 Ok
105.0 69.7 12.5 10.0 256.4 17105.7 17105.7 Ok
118.1 60.2 12.4 9.9 254.5 14487.3 14487.3 Ok
126.2 52.9 12.2 9.8 252.6 12500.3 12500.3 Ok
128.7 50.4 12.1 9.7 251.8 11833.2 11833.2 Ok
131.2 47.9 12.1 9.6 251.0 11140.6 11140.6 Ok

6.6 - Maxm required reinforcement: (Eq. 5.6.2.1-1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-35)

Maxm tensile reinforcement must be, c/d e < 0.003/(0.003+εc) 0.265 < 0.50
Ok
m
6.7 - Min required reinforcement: (S 5.4.2.6, AASHTO‐2017, Page; 5‐20)
Modulus of rupture for normal weight concrete, fr = 0.24λ√f'cg = 0.58 ksi
Again cracking moment, Mcr = γ3[(γ1*fr + γ2*fcpe)*Sbc - MNC(Sbc/Sb-1)] = 10557 kip-ft.
1.33 times the applied factored moment, 1.33Mu (S 5.6.3.3, AASHTO‐2017, Page; 5‐41) = 19077 kip-ft.
Applied moment is lesser of Mcr & 1.33M u = 10557 kip-ft.
Resisting moment is > applied moment so ok
7 - Camber Design:
The average annual ambient relative humidity, H = 70 %
Time betn strand tensioning and deck placement, t = 120 day
(S C5.9.3.4.2c, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-136)
Age of concrete at time of transfer, ti = 14.0 day
st
Initial prestressing force of 57 strands or 1 row, Pt(1st) = 2499 kip
nd
Initial prestressing force of 0 strands or 2 row, Pt(2nd) = 0 kip
Initial prestressing force of 0 strands or 3rd row, Pt(3rd) = 0.0 kip
Initial prestressing force of 0 strands or 4th row, Pt(4th) = 0.0 kip
Initial prestressing force of 0 strands or 5th row, Pt(5th) = 0.0 kip
The design truck load, wtruck = 72.0 kip
Stress of concrete at time of initial loading/at transfer, f'ci/f'ct = 4.6 ksi
Modulus of elasticity of concrete for girder at transfer, Eci = 3957 ksi
Modulus of elasticity of concrete for girder, EG = 4425 ksi
Moment of inertia for non-composite girder, Ig = 1E+06 in.4
Moment of inertia for composite girder, Igc = 2158874 in.4
Surface area of girder, Sag = 3196 in.2/ft
Volume of girder, vg = 18336 in.3/ft
Unit weight of girder, wg = 1.71 k/ft.
Unit weight of diaphragm, wd = 0.27 k/ft.
Deck slab & parapet weight, wsp = 1.35 k/ft.
Unit weight of super imposed dead load, wsidl = 0.22 k/ft.
The design lane load, wlane = 0.64 k/ft.
Length of girder, Lg = 131.2 ft.
Length of girder betn bearing center to center, Lg-brg = 128.5 ft.
Center to center spacing of girder, Sg = 7.9 ft.
Width of single lane (S 3.6.1.2.4, AASHTO-2017, Page; 3-23) = 10.0 ft

7.1 - Short term camber: (Fig. 5.5.8.2-5, FHWA, 2015, Page; 5-83)
st
For 1 row 57 strands at 65.6 ft. or middle from end of bearing
2
Deflection due to initial prestressing, ΔP1 = (Pt(1st)*e*Lg )/(8EciIg) = -5.66 in.
nd
For 2 row 0 strands at 65.6 ft. or middle from end of bearing
2
Deflection due to initial prestressing, ΔP2 = (Pt(2nd)*e*Lg )/(8EciIg) = 0.00 in.
rd
For 3 row 0 strands at 65.6 ft. or middle from end of bearing
2
Deflection due to initial prestressing, ΔP3 = (Pt(3rd)*e*Lg )/(8EciIg) = 0.00 in.
th
For 4 row 0 strands at 65.6 ft. or middle from end of bearing
2
Deflection due to initial prestressing, ΔP4 = (Pt(4th)*e*Lg )/(8EciIg) = 0.00 in.
th
For 5 row 0 strands at 65.6 ft. or middle from end of bearing
2
Deflection due to initial prestressing, ΔP5 = (Pt(5th)*e*Lg )/(8EciIg) = 0.00 in.
Total initial deflection due to prestressing, ΔP(Total) = ΔP1 + ΔP2 + ΔP3 + ΔP4 + ΔP5 = -5.7 in.
4
Deflection due to girder self weight, Δsw = 5wgLg‐brg /384E gIg = 2.02 in.
(Fig. 19.29, H.Nilson, 14th edition, Chapter-19, Page; 709)
4
Deflection due to diaphragm weight, Δd = 5wdLg‐brg /384E gIg = 0.32 in.
4
Deflection due to slab & parapet weight, Δs = 5wspLg‐brg /384E gIgc = 0.87 in.
4
Deflection due to super imposed dead load, ΔSDL = 5wsidlLg‐brg /384E gIgc = 0.14 in.
7.2 - Long term camber/deflection: (S 5.4.2.3.2, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-17)
Initial camber, Ci = ΔP(Total) + Δsw = -3.64 in.
‐0.118
Coefficient of creep in camber, Cr = 1.9*k s*khc*kf*ktd*ti
Ratio of volume to surface area of girder, Vg/Sag = 5.74
Where, ks = 1.45‐0.13*(V/S) > 1.0 = 1.00
khc = 1.56 ‐ 0.008H = 1.55
kf = 5/(1+f' ci) = 0.89
ktd = t/((12*(100‐4f' ci)/(f'ci+20))+t) = 0.75
(EQ 5.4.2.3.2-5, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-18)
So creep coefficient, Cr = 1.44
Actual initial camber influenced by creep, CiA = Ci*Cr = -5.25 in.
Final camber, CF = CiA +Δd + Δs + ΔSDL = -3.92 in.
Upward deflection & ok
Allowable upward deflection, = -Lg-brg/300 = -5.14 in.
Ok
7.3 - Camber due to live load: (S 2.5.2.6.2, AASHTO-2017, Page; 2-12)
Allowable live load deflection, ΔL = Lg‐brg/800 = 1.93 in.
4 3
Deflection due to live load, ΔL = 5wlaneLg‐brg /384E gIgc + wtruckLg‐brg /48E gIgc = 0.90 in.
(Fig. 5.5.8.2-3, FHWA, 2015, Page; 5-81) Ok
8 - Shear Design:
Concrete density modification factor, λ = 1.0
Resistance factor of shear, φ (S 5.5.4.2, AASHTO‐2017, Page; 5‐29) = 0.9
(S 5.7.4.4, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-80)
Frictional coefficient of clean concrete surface & intentionally rough, μ = 1.0
Fraction of concrete strength available to resist interface shear, K1 = 0.3
Limiting interface shear resistance, K2 = 1.8
Cohesional coefficient for clean concrete surface & intentionally rough, c = 0.28 ksi
Modulus of elasticity for reinforcing steel, Es (S 5.4.4.2, AASHTO‐2017, Page; 5‐23) = 30000 ksi
Optimum stress of prestressing strand, fpo = 0.7fpu (S 5.7.3.4.2, AASHTO‐2017, Page; 5‐70) = 189.0 ksi
Concrete strength of deck slab, f'cs = 4.4 ksi
Concrete strength (28-days) of girder, f'cg = 5.8 ksi
Concrete strength at time of initial loading/at transfer, f'ci = 4.6 ksi
Yield stress of mild steel, fy = 60 ksi
Stress in steel at anchorage zone, fs = 0.6fy < 36 = 36 ksi
(S 5.9.5.6.7b, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-161)
Modulus of elasticity of concrete for girder, EG = 4425 ksi
Modulus of elasticity of prestressing strand, Eps = 28500 ksi
Permanent net compressive force normal to the shear plane, Pc = 0.0 kip
(S 5.7.4.3, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-79)
Factored axial force, Nu (S 5.7.3.4.2, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-70) = 0.0 kip
2
Assume, 16 mm dia. & 5 no. bar use as longitudinal reinf. at bottom, As = 1.6 in.
2
Total area of strand, Aps = 12.4 in .
2
Gross area of anchor plate, Agp = 64.0 in.
2
Net area of anchor plate, Anp = 53.8 in.
Area between two anchor plate, A = 144 in.2
Slab thickness excluding wearing surface, ts = 8.0 in.
Height of non-composite girder, hg = 80.0 in.
Effective web width, bv (S 5.8.3.3, AASHTO‐2017, Page; 5‐67) = 12.0 in.
(EQ 5.7.4.3-6, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-79) 2
Unit area of concrete considered to be engaged in interface shear transfer, A cv = bvi*lvi = 44.0 in. /in.
Shear for effective prestressing force, Vp = Pe*Sinα = 171.2 kip
(S 5.7.3.3, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-67) 2
The concrete area on the tension side, Act = 954 in.
2
Assume, 12 mm dia. bar are used as 2 leg for the stirrup, Av = 0.35 in.
Table 8-1 Shear analysis at different sections of P.C. I-girder: (S 5.7.2.8, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-63)
Required shear width, Shear stress, vu
Actual dv =
Dist. dv1 = 0.9d p dv2 = 0.72hg+s bv =(Vu/ɸ - = V u-
Max(dv1 & dv2) Check
Vp)/(0.25f'cgdv) φVp)/(φbvdv)
ft in. in. in. in. ksi
0.0 43.1 63.36 63.4 4.0 Ok 0.48
2.5 45.4 63.36 63.4 3.8 Ok 0.46
5.0 47.6 63.36 63.4 3.6 Ok 0.43
13.1 54.2 63.36 63.4 3.0 Ok 0.36
26.2 62.7 63.36 63.4 2.0 Ok 0.24
39.4 68.9 63.36 68.9 0.9 Ok 0.11
52.5 72.6 63.36 72.6 0.0 Ok 0.00
65.6 73.8 63.36 73.8 -0.9 Ok -0.11
78.7 72.6 63.36 72.6 0.0 Ok 0.00
91.8 68.9 63.36 68.9 0.9 Ok 0.11
105.0 62.7 63.36 63.4 2.0 Ok 0.24
118.1 54.2 63.36 63.4 3.0 Ok 0.36
126.2 47.6 63.36 63.4 3.6 Ok 0.43
128.7 45.4 63.36 63.4 3.8 Ok 0.46
131.2 43.1 63.36 63.4 4.0 Ok 0.48

8.1 - Confinement reinforcement: (S 5.9.4.4.2, AASHTO-2017, Page' 5-144)

Distance of confinement reinforcement from the end of the girder, d c = 1.5*h g = 10.0 ft.
(S 5.8.4.4.2, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-111)
1st case, bearing resistance stress at anchorage zone, fb1 = 0.7*f'ci*√(A/Agp) = 4.9 ksi
2nd case, bearing resistance stress at anchorage zone, fb2 = 2.25f'ci = 10.4 ksi
Allowable bearing resistance stress at anchorage zone, fb = Minm(fb1 & fb2) = 4.9 ksi
Bearing resistance force, Pb = Ф*fb*Anp = 236 kip
2
Area of steel for anchorage zone, As = Pb/fs = 6.6 in.
Length of post-tensioned anchorage zone, Lp <= 1.5*Wbf = 48.0 in.
(S 5.9.5.6.1, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-153)
Required number of stirrup at anchorage zone, n = As/Av = 18.0 nos
CL of end abutment

18 nos. bar within

48.0 in.
& CL of bearing

Midspan

10.0 ft. 54.3 ft.

6.0 in. max. spa. for confinement 6 in. max. spa. for min. shear reinforcement
reinforcement
1.3 64.3 ft. half span for noncomposite loads
Figure 8-1: P.C. I-Girder Transverse Reinforcement
Table 8-2 Shear analysis at different sections of P.C. I-girder: (S 5.7.3.3, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-66)
Factor If vu/f'cg
Angle of for Shear < 0.125, Nominal
Longitudinal Longitudinal inclinatio ability of gained then smax shear Tensile capacity
tensile strain, εx tensile strain, εx n of diagonal = 0.8dv ≤ Shear
by resistanc of longitudinal
diagonal y
24.0 in. gained
= = cracked
concret e, Vn reinf. on flexural
θ compres & If by steel, If φVn tension side, T = If T <
(Mu/dv+0.5Nu+0. (Mu/dv+0.5Nu+0. concrete e, Vc = =Minm((
(guess) sive vu/f'cg ≥ Vs =
5(Vu‐Vp)cotθ‐ 5(Vu‐Vp)cotθ‐ stress, θ to 0.0316* Vc + V s + /V u > 1 Mu/(φdv)+0.5Nu/ Ps then
0.125, Avfydv* then ok φ+(Vu/φ-0.5Vs- ok
Apsfpo)/{2(EsAs+Ep Apsfpo)/2(EgAct+Es =
transmit β*λ*√(f' Vp),(0.25
then Cotθ/s f' b d +
tension cg)*bv*d Vp)*cotθ
sAps)} < 0.001 As+EpsAps) 29+3500 cg v v
smax =
& shear, Vp))
εx v 0.4dv ≤
β=
12.0 in.
4.8/(1+7
50εx)
degree strain strain degree kip in. kip kip kip
26.5 -0.003 -0.0002 28.2 5.7 332.4 6.0 414 917 Ok 293 Ok
26.8 -0.002 -0.0002 28.3 5.6 326.4 6.0 412 910 Ok 491 Ok
27.0 -0.002 -0.0002 28.4 5.5 320.9 6.0 411 903 Ok 680 Ok
27.3 -0.001 -0.0001 28.6 5.3 306 6.0 408 885 Ok 1212 Ok
27.5 -0.001 0.0000 28.8 5.0 288.5 6.0 404 863 Ok 1892 Ok
27.8 0.000 0.0000 28.9 4.9 306.5 6.0 437 915 Ok 2096 Ok
28.0 0.000 0.0000 29.0 4.8 320.2 6.0 460 951 Ok 2107 Ok
28.3 0.000 0.0000 29.0 4.8 326.2 6.0 468 965 Ok 1995 Ok
28.0 0.000 0.0000 29.0 4.8 320.2 6.0 460 951 Ok 2107 Ok
27.8 0.000 0.0000 28.9 4.9 306.5 6.0 437 915 Ok 2096 Ok
27.5 -0.001 0.0000 28.8 5.0 288.5 6.0 404 863 Ok 1892 Ok
27.3 -0.001 -0.0001 28.6 5.3 306 6.0 408 885 Ok 1212 Ok
27.0 -0.002 -0.0002 28.4 5.5 320.9 6.0 411 903 Ok 680 Ok
26.8 -0.002 -0.0002 28.3 5.6 326.4 6.0 412 910 Ok 491 Ok
26.5 -0.003 -0.0002 28.2 5.7 332.4 6.0 414 917 Ok 293 Ok

Table 8-3 Interface shear between P.C. I-girder and slab: (S 5.7.4, AASHTO-2017, Page; 5-78)
Factore
d Nominal Limit of nominal
Factored
Provide area of Required area of interfac interface shear shear resistance,
interface shear If Vri
Dist. interface shear interface shear e shear resistance, Vni <
Check force, V =cA +μ(A *f Min(K *f' *A , Check resistance, Vri = /Vhi > 1
reinf., Avi =Av/s reinf.,Avi >.05Acv/fy ni cv vi y 1 cs cv
Vhi = φVni then ok
+Pc) K2*Acv)
Vu/dv
2 2
ft. in. /in. in. /in. kip/in. kip/in. kip/in. kip/in.
0.0 0.06 0.04 Ok 7.6 15.8 57.4 Ok 14.24 Ok
2.5 0.06 0.04 Ok 7.4 15.8 57.4 Ok 14.24 Ok
5.0 0.06 0.04 Ok 7.1 15.8 57.4 Ok 14.24 Ok
13.1 0.06 0.04 Ok 6.3 15.8 57.4 Ok 14.24 Ok
26.2 0.06 0.04 Ok 5.0 15.8 57.4 Ok 14.24 Ok
39.4 0.06 0.04 Ok 3.4 15.8 57.4 Ok 14.24 Ok
52.5 0.06 0.04 Ok 2.1 15.8 57.4 Ok 14.24 Ok
65.6 0.06 0.04 Ok 0.9 15.8 57.4 Ok 14.24 Ok
78.7 0.06 0.04 Ok 2.1 15.8 57.4 Ok 14.24 Ok
91.8 0.06 0.04 Ok 3.4 15.8 57.4 Ok 14.24 Ok
105.0 0.06 0.04 Ok 5.0 15.8 57.4 Ok 14.24 Ok
118.1 0.06 0.04 Ok 6.3 15.8 57.4 Ok 14.24 Ok
126.2 0.06 0.04 Ok 7.1 15.8 57.4 Ok 14.24 Ok
128.7 0.06 0.04 Ok 7.4 15.8 57.4 Ok 14.24 Ok
131.2 0.06 0.04 Ok 7.6 15.8 57.4 Ok 14.24 Ok
9 - Lateral Stability:
Modulus of rupture, fr = 0.24f'cg = 0.58 ksi
Prestressing stress at top of section at mid-span, σps = 0.9fpy = 218.7 ksi
Girder length betn bearing to bearing, Lbrg-brg = 128.5 ft
Distance betn end of the girder and pick point, a = 1.5 ft
Distance betn the pick points, L1 = 125.5 ft
Height of non-composite girder, hg = 80.0 in.
= 6.7 ft
C.G of non-composite girder from top, Ytop = 40.1 in.
= 3.3 ft
Initial upward camber plus creep of prestressed girder, Δic = 5.2 in.
= 0.4 ft
Unit weight of PC- girder, wg = 1.7 kip/ft
Modulus of elasticity of concrete for girder at transfer, Eci = 3957 ksi
= 569865 ksf
4
Moment of inertia about vertical axis which is typically the weak axis of the girder, Ilat = 98168 in
4
= 4.7 ft
3
Section modulus about vertical axis which is typically the weak axis of the girder, S lat = 4462 in
3
Section modulus from top of non composite girder, St = 29253 in
Consider, distance for Msw from C.G of girder, x = 0.0 ft

Figure 9-1: Lateral Stability of Precast Prestressed Concrete Girders (1)

9.1 - Elastic stability: (T 3.8.1.2.1-1, AASHTO-2012, Page; 3-41)
Virtual uniform lateral load/wind load on the girder, wv = 0.05*hg > 0.3 klf = 0.333 kip/ft
Offset of girder C.G. based on the deflected shape of a uniformly loaded beam supported inboard from ends,
2
k = 1/(12*Eci*Ilat*Lg)*(0.1*L15 - a2*L13 + 3*a4*L1 + 1.2*a5) = 0.7 ft /kip
The offset of C.G. of deflected shape due to virtual load as measured from a line through neutral axis at point of support, zv=k*wv
= 0.2 ft
Vertical distance from top surface of flange at pick points to the C.G. of hanging girder, yr = ytop-0.5*Δic = 3.1 ft
Canted angle of the girder from being deflected laterally from the virtual load, θ = zv/yr = 0.1 rad
The component of self weight of girder acting laterally on girder in the canted position, wlat=θ*wsw = 0.1 kip/ft
1. Factor of safety due to the elastic stability of girder, FSelastic = yr/(k*wsw) > 2 = 2.4
Elastic stability is ok
2. Factor of safety due to the elastic stability of girder, FSelastic = wv/wlat > 2 = 2.4
Elastic stability is ok
The offset of the center of gravity of the deflected shape due to a ateral load equal to the self-weight of the girder
as measured from a line through the neutral axis at the point of support, z0=k*wsw = 1.276 ft
Factor of safety due to the elastic stability of girder, FSelastic = yr/z0 = 2.4
Elastic stability is ok
9.2 - Top flange cracking:
Allowable sweep, Δsweep = [0.125*(Lg/10)] = 0.134 ft.
Ecentricity of C.G based on circular curve, ei = [(L1/L)2 - 1/3]*Δsweep + 0.5/12 = 0.125 ft.

Figure 9-2: Lateral Stability of Precast Prestressed Concrete Girders (2)

Initial canted angle due to sweep, θi = ei/yr = 0.04 rad

Moment at point 'x' as measured from C.G of girder, Msw = Wsw/2*(L12/4-a2-x2) = 3358 k-ft.
Self weight stress at harp point or mid span, σsw = Msw/St = 1.378 ksi
Lateral moment required to outside edge of top flange, Mcrack = (fr+σsw+σps)*slat = 82050 k-ft.
Maxm canted angle at which point of the girder will crack, θmax = asin*(Mcrack/Msw) = 2.42 rad
Factor of safety due to flange cracking, FScrack = θmax/θi = 60.49
Lateral stability is ok