01211323

01211323
ระบบอ
ระบบอัตัตโนมั
โนมัตต แ
ิ ละอุ
แิ ละอุ ปกรณ์
ปกรณ์
AutomationSystem
Automation Systemand andComponents
Components

Chapter 1
Introduction to
Automation System

Chamaporn Chianrabutra, EMME, KU

WHAT IS AUTOMATION?

• Industrial Automation is defined by the Automation Federation as

"the creation and application of technology to monitor and control
the production and delivery of products and services."
• Automation reduces the man power required to complete the process
and also saves time.
• In many areas of manufacturing automation is necessary where a
labour or a worker could not work or the conditions for a human to
work is not available.
• Eg: Processes requiring very high accuracy such as manufacturing of
microprocessors, areas involving radiation, etc.,

Chamaporn Chianrabutra, EMME, KU

 Benefits of Industrial Automation
▪ Improve worker safety
▪ Reduce labour cost
▪ Reduce or eliminate effects of labour shortages

▪ Increase production output

▪ Improve product quality
▪ The existence of processes that
simply cannot be done manually

Chamaporn Chianrabutra, EMME, KU

Example of Automation systems in food and beverage Industries

Chamaporn Chianrabutra, EMME, KU

Automation types in Manufacturing

Chamaporn Chianrabutra, EMME, KU

Fixed Automation

Chamaporn Chianrabutra, EMME, KU

Fixed Automation
• Advantages of fixed automation include:
o High levels of production
o Consistent quality in production
o Low cost per unit produced
• Disadvantages of fixed automation include:
o High initial cost
o Difficult to accommodate changes
• This type of automation is best suited for: High Coca Cola continues to use this automation in
demand and generic products that require no their factories. As seen above, this allows for
change. Fixed Automation Examples the production of large quantities of the soft
o Automated assembly machines drink, allowing Coca Cola to meet the high
demands of their classic soft drink.
o Web Handling and converting systems
o Chemical manufacturing processes
o Material conveyor systems
o Machining transfer lines
o Paint and coating automation processes
Chamaporn Chianrabutra, EMME, KU
Programmable Automation

Chamaporn Chianrabutra, EMME, KU

Programmable Automation
• Advantages include:
o Flexibility to change products if needed
o Suitable if batch production is required

• Disadvantages include:
o Expensive for equipment
o Lower production levels
o Often time-consuming to change products

• This type of automation is well suited for: Low/Medium demand and

occasional changes in products.

Chamaporn Chianrabutra, EMME, KU

Flexible Automation

Chamaporn Chianrabutra, EMME, KU

 Flexible Automation
• Advantages include:
o Flexibility of products
o No time lost with new changes to production

• Disadvantages include:
o High custom machinery/automation cost
o Higher cost per unit

• This type of automation is best suited for: Medium demand and constant
changes/large variety in products.

Chamaporn Chianrabutra, EMME, KU

Automation Comparison

Chamaporn Chianrabutra, EMME, KU

Automation types in Manufacturing

Chamaporn Chianrabutra, EMME, KU

History of Automation

Manual Pneumatic Hard wired Electronic Programmable

Control Control logic Control Control using Logic
Logic Gates Controller

Chamaporn Chianrabutra, EMME, KU

 01211323
ระบบอัตโนมัตแิ ละอุปกรณ์
Automation System and Components

Q&A

Chamaporn Chianrabutra, EMME, KU