MODULE 4 DRRM Final

NSTP 101- Civic Welfare Training Service
Modular Unit 4.
Disaster Risk Reduction Management
INTRODUCTION
The NSTP 111 Modular Procedural Manual (MPM) defines the MINIMUM required stock of knowledge and skills a
student is to possess to qualify as a practitioner in Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM).
It is herein formulated and developed for any, and/ or all of the following purposes:
1. To upgrade the level of knowledge and skills of students in the Disaster Risk Resiliency (DRR), Climate Change
Adaptation (CCA) and Environmental Conservation Management (ECM).
2. To enhance the development of students through a precise assessment of their abilities in DRR-CCA-ECM.
3. To provide the students an opportunity to engage and participate in any urgency and emergency situation in their
school, family and community.
CLASSIFICATIONS
1. This Modular Procedural Manual is classified as NSTP 111.
2. Students who wish to pass the course will be required to show by exercises and evaluation that they are in
possession of the knowledge and skills required by the Manual.
3. Students who passed and accomplished the minimum requirements will be properly acknowledged.
ENTRY REQUIREMENTS
1. A student must be bonafide enrolled in Capiz State University, Main Campus.
2. He/ she is enrolled in CWTS-NSTP 111 for School Year 2020-2021.
3. He/ she has a basic background in disaster and calamity.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
For the purpose of this Manual, the word
1.1 ACDV – Accredited Community Disaster Volunteer

1.2 BCP – Business Continuity Plan
1.3 BDRRMC – Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction Management Committee
1.4 BFP – Bureau of Fire Protection
1.5 BLS – Basic Life Support
1.6 BOC – BDRRMC Operation Center
1.7 CBDRRM – Community-Based Disaster Risk Reduction Management
1.8 CBO – Community-Based Organization
1.9 CCA – Climate Change Adaptation
1.10 . CDRRMC – City Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council
1.11 . CHED – Commission on Higher Education
1.12 . CLUP – Comprehensive Land Use Plan
1.13 . CMT – Crisis Management Team
1.14 . CP – Contingency Plan
1.15 . CPR – Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation
1.16 . CSO – Civil Society Organization
1.17 . CWTS – Citizens Welfare Training Service
1.18 . DBM – Department of Budget and Management
1.19 . DCG – Disaster Control Group
1.20 . DENR – Department of Environment and Natural Resources
1.21 . DepEd – Department of Education
1.22 . DILG – Department of Interior and Local Government
1.23 . DLS – Distance Learning System
1.24 . DMT – Database Management Training
1.25 . DOC – Disaster Operation Center
1.26 . DOH – Department of Health
1.27 . DOST – Department of Science and Technology
1.28 . DRM – Disaster Risk Management
1.29 . DRR – Disaster Risk Resiliency
1.30 . DRRM – Disaster Risk Reduction Management
1.31 . DSWD – Department of Social Welfare and Development
1.32 . ECM – Environmental Conservation Management
1.33 . EOC – Emergency Operation Center
1.34 . EmComm – Emergency Communications
1.35 . FA – First-Aid
Course Facilitator: JULIE ANN G. LLAUDERES, MSc.

1.36 . GIS – Geographical Information System

1.37 . JMC – Joint Memorandum Circular
1.38 . HAZMAT – Hazard Material
1.39 . ICS – Incident Command System
1.40 . IHAN – International Humanitarian Assistance Network
1.41 . IMT – Incident Management Team
1.42 . LCCAP – Local Climate Change Action Plan
1.43 . LDRRMF – Local Disaster Risk Reduction Management Fund
1.44 . LDRRMO – Local Disaster Risk Reduction Management Office
1.45 . LGBT – Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual
1.46 . LGU – Local Government Unit, Transgender
1.47 . LSWDO – Local Social Welfare Development Office
1.48 . MDRRMC – Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council
1.49 . MFR – Medical First Responder
1.50 . MIRA – Multi-Cluster Initial Rapid Assessment
1.51 . MPM – Modular Procedural Manual – formulated module for NSTP 111
1.52 . NDRRMC – National Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council
1.53 . NDRRMP – National Disaster Risk Reduction Management Plan
1.54 . NDRRMRF – National Disaster Risk Reduction Management Recovery Framework
1.55 . NEDA – National Economic Development Authority
1.56 . NSRC – National Service Reserve Corps
1.57 . NSTP – National Service Training Program
1.58 . NYC – National Youth Commission
1.59 . OCD – Office of Civil Defense
1.60 . PDMS – Philippine Disaster Management System
1.61 . PDNA – Post-Disaster Needs Assessment
1.62 . PDRRMC – Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council
1.63 . PSA – Public Safety Agency
1.64 . PWD – Person with Disability
1.65 . RDANA – Rapid Damage Assessment and Needs Analysis
1.66 . SIMEX – Simulation Exercise
1.67 . SK – Sangguniang Kabataan
1.68 . SME – Subject Matter Expert
1.69 . SMS – Short Messaging System
1.70 . SOP – Standard Operating Procedure
1.71 . SRR – Search, Rescue and Retrieval
1.72 . TESDA – Technical Education Skills Development Authority
1.73 . WASH – Water Sanitation and Hygiene
DELIMINATION OF THE MANUAL

In the context of this Manual, the NSTP 111 body of knowledge and skills covers only the common and basic
information on Disaster Risk Reduction Management applicable for school, home and community application. This
Manual is designed as a Disaster Preparedness Minimum Standards.
COURSE OBJECTIVES
After the conduct of this course, the students will be able to define and able to apply the basic concepts of DRRM,
Four Thematic Areas, the Philippine DRRM System and the National DRRM Framework, identify the functions of
Disaster Control Group, Incident Management Team, Crisis Management Team, outline their immediate actions on
DRRM for their respective organizations and enable them to lead the cascading of information and skills to their
respective family and community.
In these Modular Procedural Manual, the students will demonstrate the following:
1. Explain the meaning of disaster.
2. Differentiate the risk factors underlying disasters.
3. Describe the four thematic areas.
4. Explain how and when an event or hazard becomes a disaster.
5. Identify vulnerable areas exposed to hazards that may lead to disasters.
6. Analyze disaster from the different perspective
a. Physical
b. Psychological
c. Socio-Cultural
d. Economic
e. Political
f. Environmental
g. Biological

h. Spiritual
COURSE METHODOLOGIES
1.1 Distance Learning System (DLS) applying the Flexible Learning Mode
1.2 Information Presentation using the Modular Procedural Manual (MPM)
1.3 Interactive Discussion using the Cellular Short Messaging System (SMS)
1.4 Exercises/ Simulation and Evaluation using the SMS mode.
OVERVIEW OF THE COURSE

The Philippine Constitution provides that the defense of the state is a prime duty of the government and the
people, and in fulfillment of this duty, all citizens may be required by law to render military or civil service. NSTP
enables the youth as the most valuable resource to be motivated, developed and utilized to the fulfillment of civil
obligations.
CONTEXT
Disaster is a global phenomenon and a growing problem. The Philippines ranks as at risk to disasters, worldwide
due to level of exposure to natural and human-induced hazards. It is no accident that 90% of disasters worldwide are in
developing countries. Poverty and population pressures are forcing a great number of people to live in harm’s way –
flood plains, earthquake-prone areas and unstable slopes and hills. Their extraordinary vulnerability is perhaps the single
most important cause of disaster casualties.
Disasters are not totally discrete events. It is defined as a crisis situation causing wide spread damage which far
exceeds our ability to recover. Their possibility of occurrence, time, place and severity of the strike can be reasonably and
in some cases accurately predicted by indigenous, scientific and technological advances. Disaster hurt the poor and
vulnerable the most. Low income countries account for more than 70 percent of the world’s disaster hotspots and the
world’s poor, one-third of whom live in multi-hazard zones, are the most vulnerable.
THE PHILIPPINE SITUATION
As an archipelago located at the south-eastern part of Asia, the Philippines is exposed to both climatic and
geological hazards. It is situated in the Pacific Ring of Fire where two major tectonic plates, the Pacific Plate and the
Eurasian Plate meet. With several fault lines crossing the country, earthquakes could have very devastating effects. There
are 220 volcanoes, 22 of which are classified as active.
The Philippines has always endured the hardships of a hostile environment. It is also located along the typhoon
belt on the North Pacific Basin in the Pacific where 75% of the typhoons originate. There are 20 to 30 typhoons passing
through the country, 5-7 of which can be destructive. As a consequence of extreme rainfall events, flash floods, flooding
and landslides have become more prevalent since 2000.
The occurrence of disasters has become an important factor adversely affecting our social stability and economic
development. These natural disasters such as typhoons, earthquakes, storm surges and flood occur mainly because of our
geographical location. Many of these emergency situations just cannot be avoided.
TYPES OF DISASTER
Disasters are mainly of two types:
1. Natural Disasters
-earthquakes, tsunami, typhoon, floods, landslides, storm surges, etc.
2. Human-Induced Disasters
-fires, bomb blast, explosion, chemical leaks, oil spills, war, etc.
UNDERLYING RISK FACTORS

There are some underlying risk factors which increase disaster. These include environmental problems,
declining ecosystems, social and economic vulnerabilities and climate change. Climate change is the key element in the
shifting nature of disaster risk for many communities.
The Pacific Typhoon Belt

The Pacific Ring of Fire
The Philippine government has thus rallied concerned government and non-government agencies to formulate
plans in order to prevent emergencies, mitigate their destructive effects and ensure the provision of assistance to those in
need. Civil defense is the preparation in advance of measures necessary for our protection when disaster strikes.
EFFECTS OF DISASTERS
Thousands of Filipinos are affected by disasters every year and the impact can be dreadful. From the devastation
of homes, livelihood, basic services to the spread of disease, disasters can destroy an entire community and country all at
once. Earthquakes and typhoons do not just cause destruction on land but they also disrupt people’s lives, especially for
those living in remote and geographically isolated areas.
EFFECTS ON COMMUNITY
The range of effect of disasters on a community can be described across the social, built, economic and natural
environments. The four environments are mainly separations for the purpose of functional responsibilities within
recovery – when working with communities in recovery each environment should be coordinated with all others. The
importance of supporting the social functioning of a community is fundamental to the implementation of recovery
activities in all other environments, and to supporting the foundations of community sustainability.
EFFECTS ON INDIVIDUAL
The effect upon an individuals and households need to be understood and addressed. It is equally important to
understand the impact and disruption to the social capital and connectedness of communities and the need to support the
restoration of communities to a functioning state. Social well-being occurs when needs are sufficient to cover basic
necessities, where there is access to social, medical and educational services, and where people are treated with dignity
and consideration. Disaster can impact the social well-being of an individual and can degrade quality of life and
undermine the social quality of the community.
EFFECTS ON SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT

Effects on the social environment include the disappearance of much of what is once considered routine – from
simple, everyday things to the loss of the communication network that you are familiar with, such as walking down the
street and talking to people. These impacts are often intangible. Social structures such as faith-based groups, educational
facilities, networks and relationships, childcare, service groups. Civic groups, non-government organizations,
neighborhood centers and health facilities can all be disrupted.
EFFECTS ON BUILT ENVIRONMENT

The effects of disaster on the built environment depend on the disaster type, scale, magnitude, duration and location of
impact. Within the built environment, impacts may include:
a. Loss of essential basic utility services: power, water, food, fuel, communications, gas, sewerage, etc.
b. Loss of community infrastructure: public buildings, schools, hospitals, iconic buildings and structures
c. Loss/ damage/ disruption of transport services: roads, bridges, air/ marine/ rail transport infrastructure, facilities
and assets which can disrupt the flow and movement of people, transport of goods and basic lifeline commodities.
d. Loss of property: residential, commercial, industrial, institutional
EFFECTS ON ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

The effects of disaster on economic development can be classified in terms of direct and indirect impacts – that is,
those that are tangible and can be normally have a dollar value easily assigned and those that are intangible. Impacts on
the economic environment may include:
a. Loss of livelihoods

b. Disorientation of service providers
c. Reduction in cash flow
d. Loss of tourism activities
e. Loss of employment opportunities for some people
f. The impacts of donated goods and services on local economies
EFFECTS ON NATURAL ENVIRONMENT

The effects of disaster on the natural environment that impact the community may be a result of the disaster or
they may be a secondary impact or flow on from the disaster response or recovery process. Examples include air quality,
water quality, land degradation and contamination, bio-security, sense of place issues and impacts on the natural
environment. The degree and to which a community recovery can be achieved depends on the disaster and on existing
community and individual resilience and vulnerability In creating awareness of the risks, disasters afford communities
the opportunity to adapt and reduce their exposure to potential future risks.
FROM NATURAL EVENT TO DISASTER

When determining whether a natural event will be categorized as a disaster, we need to know who and what is at
risk. Jurisdictions often know where natural events, such as floods, may occur and sometimes have estimates of impact
for certain frequency events but they rarely know who is going to be impacted.
TAILORING RESPONSE TO SPECIFIC COMMUNITY

Emergency response effort can be tailored to target the needs of these communities before, during and after an
event or disaster. They have to ensure warnings go out in multiple approach and are readily available. A community can
devise or develop a plan or programs where neighborhood can easily understand the warning signals, when to evacuate
and where to go.
PHILIPPINE AREAS EXPOSED TO DISASTER

Geophysical factors transcend or go beyond administrative boundaries yet vulnerability to these types of disasters
may be estimated according to seismic zones. According to the Center for Environmental Geomatics – Manila
Observatory, the areas exposed to disaster are categorized based on the following:
Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) – is a Philippine national institution dedicated to
provide information on the activities of volcanoes, earthquakes and tsunami.
Risk to Earthquakes
Top ten provinces that are at risk to earthquakes are:
1. Surigao del Sur 6. Tarlac

2. La Union 7. Ifugao
3. Benguet 8. Davao Oriental
4. Pangasinan 9. Nueva Viscaya
5. Pampanga 10. Nueva Ecija
Top 8 Disastrous Earthquakes in the Philippines
1. 1976 Moro Gulf Earthquake (and Tsunami) – the deadliest killing over 8,000 people
2. 1645 Luzon Earthquake
5. 1968 Casiguran, Quezon Earthquake
6. 2012 Visayas Earthquake (Bohol/ Cebu/ Negros Oriental)
7. 1994 Mindoro Earthquake
8. 2002 Mindanao Earthquake
What is the Earthquake-Proof Province in the Philippines?

Province of Palawan – allegedly the safest part in the Philippines. Palawan is being considered as the safest part in the
Philippines because it has no active volcanoes, neither active fault lines nor deep trenches.
What is the Biggest Fault Line in the Philippines?

The 1,200 km long Philippine Fault Zone (PFZ) is a major tectonic feature that transects the whole Philippine Archipelago
from northwestern Luzon to southeastern Mindanao.

Deadliest Tsunami in the Philippines

1. 1976 Tsunami – 4,381 people died (8.0 magnitude/ wave height of 9 meters)
August 16, 1976 – Moro Gulf, Mindanao
2. 1994 Tsunami – 38 people died (7.1 Earthquake/ wave height of 7.3 meters)
November 15, 1994 – Mindoro Island
Philippine Areas Vulnerable to Tsunami
1. Manila Trench
2. Negros Trench
3. Sulu Trench
4. Cotabato Trench
5. Philippine Trench
6. East Luzon Through
Risk to Earthquake-Induced Landslides
Top ten provinces that are at risk to earthquake-induced landslides are:
1. Ifugao 6. Bukidnon
2. Lanao del Sur 7. Aurora
3. Sarangani 8. Davao del Sur
4. Benguet 9. Davao Oriental
5. Mountain Province 10. Rizal
Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) – is a government agency under the Department of Environment and Natural
Resources (DENR). MGB is responsible for the conservation, management, development and use of the country’s
mineral resources, including those in reservations and public lands. MGB is the lead agency in conducting monitoring for
landslide and debris flow events.
Deadly Landslide in the Philippines
1. 1999 Cherry Hills Landslide (August 3, 1999)
Cherry Hills Subdivision, Antipolo City
60 people died
2. 2003 Panaon Island Debris Flow (December 19, 2003)
Panaon Island, Southern Leyte
154 people died
3. 2006 Ginsaugon Landslide (February 11, 2006)
Ginsaugon, Saint Bernard, Southern Leyte
1,200 people died
4. 2006 Mayon Volcano Lahar Flow (November 30, 2006)

Bicol Region
1,200 people died
5. 2009 Cordillera Landslide (October 2009)
Cordillera Region
120 died in Benguet/ 25 in Baguio City/ 23 in Mountain Province
6. 2012 New Bataan Debris Flow (December 4, 2012)
Andap, New Bataan, Compostela Valley
128 people died
7. 2012 Pantukan Landslide (December 5, 2012)
Pantukan, Compostela Valley
42 people died
8. 2014 Catbalogan Landslide (December 30, 2014)
Catbalogan City, Samar
19 people died
9. 2017 Biliran Landslide (December 16, 2017)
Biliran Province
42 people died
10. 2018 Itogon Landslide (September 15, 2018)
Itogon, Benguet
58 people died
11. 2018 Landslide (September 20, 2018)

Naga City, Cebu
29 people died
What is the Worst Landslide in the Philippines?

February 17, 2006 – a massive rock slide-debris avalanche occurred in the Province of Southern Leyte, causing
widespread damage and loss of life. The deadly landslide (or debris flow) followed a 10-day period of heavy rain and a
minor earthquake (magnitude 2.6).
Risk to Typhoons
Top ten provinces that are at risk to typhoons are:
1. Albay 6. Rizal
2. Pampanga 7. Northern Samar
3. Ifugao 8. Cavite
4. Sorsogon 9. Masbate
5. Biliran 10. Laguna
Worst Typhoons
1. Rank 1 Haiphong, 1881 -20,000 people died
2. Rank 2 Yolanda, 2013 -6,300 people died
3. Rank 3 Uring, 1991 -5,101 people died
4. Rank 4 Pablo, 2012 -1,901 people died
Storms most frequently make landfall on the islands of Eastern Visayas, Bicol Region and Northern Luzon whereas the
Southern Island and region of Mindanao is largely free of typhoons.
Storm – is any disturbed state of a body especially affecting its surface, and strongly implying a wind force.
Typhoon – is a mature tropical cyclone that develops in the Northwestern Pacific and usually threaten Asia. This region
is referred to as the Northwestern Pacific Basin, and is the most active tropical cyclone basin on Earth. The International
Date Line serves as the Pacific Ocean’s dividing Marker, so when a hurricane crosses over, it becomes a typhoon.
Typhoons are generally stronger than hurricanes. This is because of warmer water in the Western Pacific which creates
better conditions for development of a storm.
Cyclone – is a large scale air mass that rotates around a strong center of low atmospheric pressure. Cyclones are
characterized by inward spiraling winds that rotate about a zone of low pressure.
Hurricane – a type of storm called a tropical cyclone which forms over tropical or sub-tropical waters.
Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration

(PAGASA) is the agency responsible for assessing and forecasting weather, flood and other conditions essential to the
safety and welfare of the people.
PAGASA’s Tropical Cyclone Intensity Scale
Category Sustained Winds
Super Typhoon (STY) – maximum wind speed exceeding 220 up to 300+ km/h
> 220 km/h
>.119 knots (mph)
Typhoon (TY) – maximum wind speed of 118 to 220 km/h

118 – 220 km/h
64 – 119 knots (mph)
Severe Tropical Storm (STS) – maximum wind speed of 89 to 117 km/h
89 – 117 km/h
Tropical Storm (TS) – maximum sustained winds of 62 to 88 km/h or higher
62 – 88 km/h
Tropical Depression (TD) – max. sustained winds of less than 39 mph
< 61 km/h
< 33 knots (mph)

Low pressure Area (LPA) – is a region where the air pressure is lower than the surrounding locations. The formation
process of LPA is known as cyclogenesis.
THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Presidential Decree 1566 has been the basic law that guides the disaster management programs, projects and strategies
implementation in the country. However, it has been observed from past experiences that the law creates more leaning
and gives more emphasis on response phase.
The Office of Civil Defense (OCD) initiated the shift on disaster management approaches and strategies from “reactive”
to “proactive” – a paradigm shifts from the prevalent culture of reaction to a culture of prevention.
Republic Act 10121, also known as the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010, an act that
provides for the development of policies and plans and the implementation of actions and measures pertaining to all
aspects of disaster risk reduction, management and recovery, including good governance, risk assessment and early
warning, knowledge building and awareness raising, reducing underlying risk factors, and preparedness for effective
response and early recovery.
A National Disaster Risk Reduction Management and Recovery Framework and Plan (NDRRMRF) was developed,
formulated and implemented. The framework provides for comprehensive, all-hazards, multi-sectoral, inter-agency and
community-based approach to disaster risk reduction, management and recovery. It serves as the principal guide to
disaster risk reduction, management and recovery efforts in the country.
REPUBLIC ACT 10121

Declaration of Policy
1. Upholding people’s rights to life and property and adherence to internationally accepted principles, norms and
standards for capacity building in DRRM and humanitarian assistance;
2. Adoption of holistic, comprehensive, integrated, proactive and multi-sector approach in addressing the impacts of
disasters, including climate change;
3. Development, promotion and implementation of a comprehensive National Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Plan (NDRRMP);
4. Mainstreaming DRR and Climate Change in national and local development plans and development processes;
5. Mainstreaming DRR into the peace process and conflict resolution;
6. Ensuring DRR and Gender Responsive measures, sensitive to indigenous knowledge and respect of human rights;
7. Strengthening capacity building of local Government Units (LGU) on DRR and vulnerable and marginalized
groups;
8. Engaging the participation of CSO’s, private sectors and DRR volunteers;
9. Promotion of breastfeeding before and during a disaster or emergency; and
10. Ensuring maximum care, assistance and services to affected individuals and families.
Salient Features of PDRRM Act of 2010 (RA 10121)
1. Policy Statements and Terminologies on DRRM.
2. Institutional Mechanisms
a.1.1. National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC)
a.1.2. Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (RDRRMC)
a.1.3. Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (PDRRMC)
a.1.4. Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (MDRRMC)
a.1.5. Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Committee (BDRRMC)
b.1. Office of Civil Defense (OCD)
Office of Civil Defense, Regional Office VI, Iloilo
Secretariat of RDRRMC VI
c.1. Permanent office on DRRM at the LGU level; Barangay DRRM Committee
d.1. Disaster Volunteers
- Evacuation Team
- Transportation Team
- Communication and Warning Team
- First-Aid and Medical Team
- Rescue and Extrication Team
- Safety and Security Team
- Fire and Hazmat Team
3. Operational Mechanisms
a.1. Coordination during emergencies
a.2. Declaration of a State of Calamity
a.3. Remedial Measures
a.4. Mechanism for the IHAN

4. Participation, Accreditation, Mobilization, Protection and Development of Disaster Volunteers.
a.1. Inviting the volunteers to participate in a the DRR Council.
a.2. Submission of requirements to the DILG for accreditation.

a.3. Engage the volunteers in DRR events and programs.
a.4. Secure the safety and welfare of volunteers with insurance coverage.
a.5. Provide trainings and capacity building activities for the volunteers.
5. Training and Education in DRR
a.1. Training Courses for Preparedness, Prevention and Mitigation
- Community-Based DRRM
- Drills
- Simulation Exercises (SIMEX)
- Geographic Information System (GIS)
- Risk and Hazard Assessment
- Early Warning System (EWS)
- IEC/ Advocacy/ Effective Communications Training
- Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP)
- Local Climate Change Action Plan (LCCAP)
- Database Management Training (DMT)
- Contingency Planning (CP)
a.2. Training Courses on Response, Recovery and Rehabilitation
- Incident Command System (ICS)
- Search, Rescue and Retrieval (SRR)
- Basic Life Support (BLS) and First-Aid (FA)
- Medical First Responders (MFR)
- Psychosocial Intervention
- Hazardous Materials Management (Hazmat)
- Evacuation Camp Management
- Management of the Dead and the Missing
- Rapid Damage Assessment and Needs Analysis (RDANA)
- Multi-Cluster Initial Rapid Assessment (MIRA)
- Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA)
- Emergency Communications (EmComm)
a.3. Mandatory Training in DRR for Public Sector Employee
- Incident Command System (ICS)
- Emergency Operation Center (EOC)
- Fire and Earthquake Evacuation Management Protocols
a.4. Integration of DRR in school curricula, training for out-of-school youth, Sangguniang Kabataan and
informal training.
- Orientation on School-Based DRRM
- Natural and Human-Induced Hazards Preparedness
- Earthquake Orientation and Evacuation Drill
- Fire and Hazmat Orientation and Evacuation Drill
- Bomb Threat/ Explosion Orientation and Evacuation Drill
National Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council (NDRRMC)
Leading the collaborative efforts in disaster preparedness planning and mitigation, as well as disaster response
operations and rehabilitation both in the government and private sectors is the NDRRMC. It is the highest policy-making,
coordinating and supervising body at the national level chaired by the Secretary of National Defense thru the Executive
Director of the Office of Civil Defense (OCD).
The NDRRMC is also responsible for advising the President of the Republic of the Philippines on the status of the
national disaster preparedness programs and management plans, disaster operations, and rehabilitation efforts of all
stakeholders, and it also recommends to the President the declaration of the state of calamity and the release of the
national calamity fund as needed.
Office of Civil Defense (OCD)
The Office of the Civil Defense serves as the executive arm and secretariat of the NDRRMC. The OCD
formulates and implements the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan (NDRRMP). It has in its vision a
service-oriented organization, prepared population and a safe nation. Its mission is to basically administer a
comprehensive national civil defense and civil assistance program by providing leadership in the continuous development
of measures to reduce risk to communities and manage the consequence of disasters.
As the nerve center for alert and monitoring, resource mobilization, response coordination, and information
management, it has the primary task of coordinating the activities and functions of various government agencies and

instrumentalities, private institutions and civic organizations for the protection and preservation of life and property
during emergencies.
Organizational Network
The Philippine Disaster Management System (PDMS) is carried out at various political subdivisions and administrative
regions of the country through the NDRRMC; 17 Regional RDRRMCs; 80 PDRRMCs; 113 CDRRMCs; 1,496
MDRRMCs and 41,956 BDRRMCs.
National DRRM Council =1
Regional DRRM Councils = 17 members
Provincial DRRM Councils = 80 members
City DRRM Councils = 113 members
Municipal DRRM Councils = 1,496 members
Barangay DRRM Committees = 41,956 members
Local Disaster Risk Reduction Management Office (LDRRMO)

a. It is established in every Province, City, Municipality and Barangay.
b. Responsibility – setting the direction, development, implementation and coordination of disaster risk management
programs within their territorial jurisdiction.
c. The LDRRMO organized is composed of a DRRM Officer, assisted by three staffs responsible for:
- Administrative and Training
- Research and Planning
- Operations and Warning
d. The LDRRMOs and BDRRMCs shall organize, train and directly supervise the local emergency response teams
and the Accredited Community Disaster Volunteers (ACDV).
Accreditation, Mobilization and Protection of Disaster Volunteers and National Service Reserve Corps, Civil
Society Organizations and the Private Sectors.
a. The government agencies, CSOs, private sectors an LGUs may mobilize individuals or organized volunteers to
augment their respective personnel complement and logistical requirements in the delivery of disaster risk
reduction programs and activities.
b. The agencies, CSOs, private sectors and LGUs concerned shall take full responsibility for the enhancement,
welfare and protection of volunteers, and shall submit the list of volunteers to the OCD, through the LDRRMOs,
for accreditations and inclusion in the database of community disaster volunteers.
Integration of DRR Education into the School Curricula and Sangguniang Kabataan (SK) Program and
Mandatory Training for the Public Sector Employees.
a. The DepEd, CHED, TESDA in coordination with OCD, NYC, DOST, DENR, BFP, DOH, DSWD and other
relevant agencies shall integrate DRRM education in the school curricula of secondary and tertiary level of
education, including NSTP, whether private or public, including formal and non-formal, technical-vocational,
indigenous learning, and out-of-school youth courses and programs.
b. The NDRRMC, RDRRMCs, LDRRMCs, LDRRMOs, BDRRMCs and the SK councils shall encourage
community, specifically the youth participation in DRRM activities.
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Concepts
The concept of Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) accepts that some hazard events may occur but tries to
lessen the impact by improving the community’s ability to absorb the impact with minimum damage or destruction.
Disaster risk reduction and management is a series of actions (programs, projects and/ or measures) and instruments
expressly aimed at reducing disaster risk in endangered regions, and mitigating the extent of disasters.
Operationally, it includes risk assessment, disaster prevention and mitigation and disaster preparedness. It is used to
underscore the current trend of taking a proactive approach to hazards posed by extreme natural phenomena.
Definition of Disaster Management Terms

1. Hazards. A situation that poses a level of threat to life, health, property or environment.
2. Risks. A Probability or threat of a damage, injury, loss, or other negative occurrence that is caused by external or
internal vulnerabilities, and that may be neutralized through preemptive action.
3. Vulnerability. The level of susceptibility or resiliency of the people and communities against the impact of the
prevailing hazards based on the state of physical, social, and economic conditions in a given area.
4. Disasters. A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread human,
material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or
society to cope using its own resources.
A disaster can be defined as:

“…a situation or event, which overwhelms local capacity, necessitating a request to national or international level
for external assistance; an unforeseen and often sudden event that causes great damage, destruction and human suffering.”
The Disaster Equation
-Hazards (H). Physical impact of disturbance

-Risk (R). Likelihood of harm, loss, disaster
-People or Community (Exposure). Elements affected by hazard
-Vulnerability (V). Susceptibility and capacity to prepare, absorb and recover
from hazard
H x R x V = Disaster
Hazard x Risk x Vulnerability = Disaster
Where:
H = Hazard
R = Risk
People or Community
V = Vulnerability
Exposure = Elements affected by hazards
Disaster Risk Management – WHAT and WHO?
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) includes administrative decisions and operational activities that
involve:
1. Prevention 4. Response
2. Mitigation 5. Recovery
3. Preparedness 6. Rehabilitation
The Lead Agencies
Department of Science and Technology (DOST) – The lead agency for disaster prevention and mitigation. It avoids
hazard and mitigate potential impacts by reducing vulnerabilities and exposure, and enhancing the capacities of
communities against possible disaster.
The activities include: Community-Based and Scientific Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR), Climate Change Adaptation
(CCA), Hazard Assessment, Hazard Mapping, Analysis and Monitoring.
PAGASA: Meteorological, Hydrological and Hydrological Hazards

_Typhoon and Flood Orientation and Evacuation Drill
_Typhoon and Storm Surge Orientation and Evacuation Drill
_Landslide and Flashflood Orientation and Evacuation Drill
PHIVOLCS: Earthquake, Tsunami and Volcanic Eruption Hazards

_Earthquake Preparedness Orientation and Drill
_Tsunami Preparedness Orientation and Drill
_Volcanic Eruption Preparedness Orientation and Drill
Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) – The lead agency for disaster preparedness. It establishes
and strengthen the capacities and of communities to anticipate, cope and recover from the negative impacts of emergency
occurrences and disasters.
The activities include: DRRM Planning, Contingency Planning, Pre-Emptive Evacuation, Hazard Orientations, Local
Drills and Simulation Exercises.
BFP: Fire and Hazard Material (Hazmat) Hazards

_Fire Prevention and Control Orientation and Exit Drill
_Hazard Material (Hazmat) Orientation and Exit Drill
PNP: Safety and Security Hazards

_Campus Security Lockdown Orientation and Safety Drill
_Crime and active Shooter Orientation and Safety Drill

DOST DILG
PREVENTION AND MITIGATION DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
DSWD NEDA
DISASTER RESPONSE REHABILITATION AND RECOVERY
Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) – The lead agency for disaster response. It provides life
preservation and meet the basic needs of affected population during or immediately after a disaster.
The activities include: Relief Operation, Search and Rescue, Retrieval Operations, Dissemination of Disaster-Related
Information, Management of Dead and Missing, Evacuation Management and Coordination of Uniformed and Civil
Services.
-Provincial Social Welfare Development Office (PSWDO)
-City Social Welfare Development Office (CSWDO)
-Municipal Social Welfare Development Office (MSWDO)
National Economic Development Authority (NEDA) – The lead agency for disaster recovery and rehabilitation. It
restores and improve the facilities, restore livelihood, living conditions and organizational capacities of affected
communities.
Activities include: Restoration of Livelihood, Restoration of Shelter, Repair and Restoration of Infrastructure, in that
order.
-NEDA Regional Office VI
Iloilo City
Disaster risk management involves all levels of government – decision makers and
Local Government Units (LGUs).

Non-Governmental and community-based organizations play a vital role in the process.

Communities themselves are the first responders.
The Disaster Cycle
The disaster life cycle describes the process through which emergency managers prepare for emergencies and
disasters, respond to them when they occur, help people and institutions recover from them, mitigate their effects, reduce
risks of loss, and prevent disaster from occurring.
The Disaster Management Cycle
Traditional Model – The traditional approach to disaster management is to regard it as a number of phased sequences of
action or a continuum. This can be represented as a cycle:
Disaster Management
Disaster Management refers to the efficient and effective utilization of resources and the application of measure that will
mitigate the impact of unfortunate events and facilitate return to normalcy and redevelopment.
1. Disaster management occurs before, during and after a disaster.
2. Disaster management consists of the Disaster Risk Management (DRM) component as well as relief, response,
early and long-term recovery, including rehabilitation, and reconstruction.
a. Disaster response, including relief activities, is conducted immediately after a disaster occurs
primarily to save lives and for humanitarian purposes.
b. Recovery occurs over the short, medium and long term in the aftermath of a disaster. Rehabilitation
and reconstruction, on the other hand, are long term activities necessary to restore public
infrastructures, services and critical facilities.
Critical Facilities
a. Evacuation Center g. Bridges
b. Hospital h. Sea Port
c. Water Utility i. Airport
d. Electric Power Utility j. Telecommunications
e. Transportation k. Bank/Money Transfer Center
f. Roads
Building Back Better during this process means not generating new risks and mitigating existing ones.
Rationale for Risk Management

1. Comprehensive risk management process has the potential to break the cycle of damage and reconstruction when
a community is subjected to repeated natural hazards.
2. To be effective, a strategy must be in place and ready for immediate implementation when necessary.
3. This can only be done through advance preparation and planning.

Disaster Risk Management Objectives
1. Reduce vulnerabilities in the community

2. When sustained over a long term, reduce unacceptable risk to acceptable levels and make the community become
disaster resistant and resilient.
Disaster Risk Management refers to a Range of:
1. Policies
2. Legislative Mandates
3. Professional Practices
4. Social, Structural and Non-Structural Adjustments
5. Risk Transfer Mechanisms to prevent, reduce or minimize the effects of hazards on a community.
Range of Risk Management Measures
1. Engineering Measures (keep hazard away from people).

2. Land Use Planning and Management Measures. (keep people away from hazard).
3. Control and Protection Works (modifying the hazard).
4. Early Warning System (predicting the hazard).
5. Preparedness Planning (anticipation of a hazard event).
6. Reconstruction Planning after a disaster with the aim of reducing the vulnerability.
7. Mainstreaming Risk Management in development practice and institutionalization.
Evolving Disaster Management Concepts and Paradigms
The Disaster Risk Reduction Management Paradigm
1. The Disaster Risk Reduction paradigm has become dominant in the 21 st century. DRR is proactive by aiming to
establish a culture of disaster prevention and resilience. DRR measures emphasizes non-structural mitigation
measures are therefore a must.
2. Disaster Risk Management is a range of related activities for coping with risk, including how related activities are
identified and assessed and how social interventions to deal with risk are monitored and evaluated.
3. DRRM is undertaken during normal times and before another disaster strikes. It focuses on the following:
a. Mitigation and Prevention (DOST). This is a sustained measure taken before a disaster occurs and is aimed to
minimize the potential impacts of a disaster or reduce disaster risks.
b.Preparedness (DILG). This helps reduce severity of impact or certain disasters, particularly slow-onset
disasters. Proactively with risk identification and capacity development. Common preparedness measures:
hazard maps, food and material stockpiling, emergency drills, installation of early warning systems, and
preparation of emergency kits.
c. Risk Assessment (Identification and Monitoring). The information generated by this is essential to the
development of non-structural mitigation measures (institutional and capacity building, information sharing and
dissemination, land use planning).
Risk Reduction focuses on prevention and mitigation. It involves:
1. Development and implementation of Policies, Regulations and Standards
2. Land Use Planning, Zoning, Building Codes, Structural Best Practices
3. Preparedness Planning, Investment Decision Making, Institutional Framework and System
4. Education and Training, Public Awareness

Components of Risk Reduction
1. Understanding the Nature of Hazards
2. Understanding the Nature of Vulnerabilities
Disaster Response and Recovery

1. Focuses on relatively narrow window post-event
2. Focuses on Triage, Stabilization, bridging back to normal state.
Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Framework

The government pursues a comprehensive disaster management
framework that encompasses disaster risk reduction, mitigation and
preparedness in the pre-event, and disaster response, rehabilitation and
recovery in the post-event. A framework that has evolved and adapted to
the lessons of past disaster events as well as emerging concerns, and
anchored on the national authority’s program thrusts aimed to, among
others, implement the Sendai Framework for Action.
The Government’s Comprehensive Approach
1. Governance. Ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national and local priority with a strong institutional
basis for implementation.
- Strong political will of local executives/ Local Government Units
- Institutionalization of DRRM in the academe, church, private, etc.
2. Risk Assessment and Early Warning. Identify, assess and monitor disaster risks and enhance early warning
system.
- Conduct hazard mapping and vulnerability assessment.
- Develop an early warning system and protocols.
3. Knowledge Management and Education. Use knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of
safety and resilience at all levels.
- Conduct trainings and seminars with the experts.
- Develop an inclusive information system for all sectors.
4. Risk Management and Vulnerability Reduction. Reduce the underlying factors.
- Understand the risks and devise a strategy to survive.
- Mitigate the possible risks in your immediate vicinity and surrounding.
5. Disaster Preparedness. Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at all levels.
- Conduct disaster orientation to all sectors of society.
- Plan, apply and practice the survival skills and knowledge.
Hazards in the Philippines
The Philippines is prone to various natural and human-induced hazards because of its geographic and geologic
setting.
The Natural Hazards (Phenomenon)

The Human-Induced Hazards (Man-Made)
Hazard Classifications
1. Natural Hazards are natural processes or phenomena occurring in the biosphere that may constitute a damaging
event. It can be classified by origin: geographical, hydrological, meteorological, astronomical and biological.
a. Geographical Hazards. Natural earth processes or phenomena in the biosphere, which include geological,
neo-tectonic, geophysical, geomorphological, geotechnical and hydro-geological nature. Examples:
earthquakes, tsunami, volcanic activity and emissions, mass movements such as landslides, rockslides,
rockfall, liquefaction, submarine slides, subsidence, surface collapse, geological fault activity.
b. Hydrological and Meteorological Hazards. Natural processes or phenomena of atmospheric, hydrological
or oceanographic nature. Examples: floods, debris and mud flows, typhoons, storm surge, thunderstorm,
hailstorm, rain and wind storms, blizzards, Tornado, Waterspout and other severe storms; drought, dry spell,
desertification, wild land fires, heat waves, sand or dust storms; permafrost, snow avalanches.
c. Astronomical Hazards. Natural processes or phenomena of astronomical nature or space origin. Examples:
meteorites fall, solar storms and flares, magnetic and astronomical radiation.
d. Biological Hazards. Processes of organic or those conveyed by biological vectors, including exposure to
pathogenic micro-organism, toxins and bioactive substances. Examples: outbreak of epidemic diseases, plant
or animal contagion and extensive infestations.
e. Technological Hazards. Danger originating from technological or industrial accidents. Dangerous
procedures, infrastructure failures, or certain human activities, which may cause the loss of life or injury,
property damage, social and economic disruption or environmental degradation. Examples: industrial
pollution, nuclear explosion, fire conflagration, hazard material and oil spills.
f. Environmental Degradation. Processes induced by human behavior and activities (sometimes combined
with natural hazards) that damage and destroy the natural resource base or adversely alter the natural
processes or ecosystems. Examples: land degradation, deforestation, desertification, wild land fires, loss of
biodiversity, land water and air pollution, climate change, sea level rise, ozone layer depletion.
Disaster Preparedness: The Minimum Standards
The National DRRM Plan 2011-2028 specified the goals and intended outcomes for disaster preparedness as
follows:
Overall Responsible Agency: Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG)
Goal: Establish and strengthen capacities of communities to anticipate, cope and recover from the negative impacts of
emergency occurrences and disasters.
Objectives:
1. Increase the level of awareness of the community to the threats and impacts of all hazards, risks and
vulnerabilities.
2. Equip the community with the necessary skills to cope with the negative impacts of a disaster.
3. Increase the capacity of institutions.
4. Develop and implement comprehensive national and local disaster preparedness policies, plans and systems.
5. Strengthen partnership among all key players and stakeholders.

Outcome and Lead Agencies

1. Increased level of awareness and enhanced capacity of the community to the threats and impacts of all hazards.
Lead Agency: PIA
2. Communities are equipped with necessary skills and capacity to cope with the impacts of disasters.
Lead Agencies: DILG and OCD
3. Increased DRRM and CCA capacity of local DRRM councils, offices and operating centers at all levels.
Lead Agency: DILG
4. Developed and implemented comprehensive national and local preparedness and response policies, plans and
systems.
Lead Agencies: DILG and OCD
5. Strengthened partnership and coordination among all key players and stakeholders.
Lead Agency: DILG
DRRM Projects and Activities
The projects and activities under disaster preparedness as stipulated in the NDRRMC-DBM-DILG Joint
Memorandum Circular (JMC) N0. 2013-1 on Allocation and Utilization of the Local Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Fund (LDRRMF) include:
1. Conduct of trainings on disaster preparedness and response, search, rescue and retrieval operations.
2. Conduct of simulation exercises at various levels to test plans and skills.
3. Development of information, education and communications (IEC) campaign, and information sharing between
LGUs/ communities and the national government.
4. Development of standard operations manual for Disaster Operation Centers (DOC).
5. Development and implementation of Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for deployment, evacuation and
coordination with rapid assessment teams.
6. Development and institutionalization of Early Warning System (EWS), information sharing among LGUs/
communities and the national government.
7. Conduct of disaster risk reduction and management researches.
8. Conduct of multi-stakeholder’s dialogue.
9. Development and conduct of regular review of Contingency Plan (CP).
10. Development of information and database generation.
11. Stockpiling of basic emergency supplies.
12. Other programs or projects of similar nature and considered necessary.
Disaster Preparedness Minimum Standards
These standards are designed to be relevant at all levels in the wide variety of hazards. These are minimum
requirements for disaster preparedness. The standards are sorted into the following categories:
Structure Refer to the overseeing and implementing organization for DRRM at the local level as stipulated
in RA 10121.
System and Processes and procedures, and guiding principles that need to be
Policies in place to ensure the effective implementation of DRRM projects
and activities.
Plans Course of action and proposed strategies for local DRRM programs, integrating Climate Change
and Disaster Risk Reduction, and adopted through a Resolution.
Data Facts, information and figures needed to effectively plan and
Requirements implement DRRM initiatives at the local level.
Trainings Educational and instructional requirements to efficiently and
Effectively manage and execute DRRM projects and activities.
Equipage Equipment, tools and paraphernalia requirements to adequately prepare when hazard strike.
Service Delivery Stocks, services and support that should be in place for effective disaster response and
recovery.
Minimum standards for organized local institution or operating unit, in order to strengthen coordination, provide measures
and implement programs to realize DRRM objectives.
Barangay DRRM Committee (BDRRMC)
_headed by the Punong Barangay

_convenes once every quarter or as necessary
_conducts selection and accreditation/ recognition of CSOs and NGOs,

supported by Resolution
_establishes coordination and partnership mechanisms
_organizes volunteers with accreditation and trainings
BDRRMC Operation Center (BOC)

_functions 24/7 year round (3 shifts)
_manned by dedicated Warning and Operation Officer
_develops and implements SOPs and Contingency Plans
_must be located to strategic and low risk area.
System and Policies

_dedicated DRRM Officer
_trained Responders with supplies and logistics
_capacity building programs
_provision of communication system
_operational protocols
Evacuation System
_functional Early Warning System
_evacuation map
_ordinance on pre-emptive or forced evacuation
_identified evacuation centers
_regular conduct of drills and simulation exercises
_regular audit of equipment and personnel
Relief Management
_warehouse/ stockpile located in low risk areas
_volume of stockpile: minimum to last for 3 days (72 hours)
_relief distribution: per tagging system
_monitoring and evaluation system
Monitoring and Evaluation System
_daily situational report
_multi-cluster or sector initial rapid assessment (MIRA)
_year-end narrative accomplishment report
_utilization of LDRRMF financial report
Humanitarian Assistance Management System
_Receipt: all donations/ assistance (goods and services) shall be coordinated
with the Local Social Welfare Development Office and Local Health Office
_Tracking & Accounting: all donations shall be posted in conspicuous places
with proper accounting and documentation.
_Coordination: all donors shall check-in with the LSWDO for declaration of
goods and services.
BDRRMC Plans
Basic and essential plans for charting strategies and proposed actions, to achieve DRRM deliverables. These must be
updated and enhanced on a regular basis to ensure effectiveness in planning.
_Community-Based DRRM Plan
_Contingency Plans
_Advocacy Plan
_Communication Plan
BDRRMC Minimum Training

_CBDRRM
_Basic Life Support and First-Aid
_Drills and Simulation Exercises
Equipage
Equipment, tools, gears and expendable items for preparedness, response and rescue activities that will be procured and/
or acquired for flood, earthquake, volcanic eruption, landslides, and other natural or human-induced calamities. The
LGU/ institution or organization must maintain a regular inventory of these equipage to ensure availability.
_Electric Generator _Life Jacket
_Power Banks _Flotation Ring
_Solar Power _Throw Bag
_Flashlight _Spine Board
_Vehicle _Stretcher
_Telemetric _Shovel
_Warning Devices _Chainsaw

_Megaphone _Safety Full Body Harness
_VHF Radio Transceiver _Helmet/ Hard Hat
_HF/ SSB Radio Transceiver _Goggle/ Eye Protector
_Cellular Phone _Work Gloves
_Siren _Boots
_Public Address System _Water Purifying Machine
_Laptop _First-Aid Kit
_Computer with Printer _Medical Kit
_Global Positioning System (GPS) _Mobile Kitchen
_Compass _Electric Drill
_Search Light _Jackhammer
_Rope _Crowbar
_Ladder _Axe
Service Delivery:
Evacuation Center Management Community Kitchen

_disaster resilient evacuation centers _kitchen utensils
_located in low risk areas _stove and fuel
_accessible to all
Designation/ Prioritization Water Facility
_pregnant women _artesian well
_persons with disability _rain collector well
_children _level 2 water supply utility
_senior citizens _clean and safe for evacuees
_6 families per evacuation room
Toilets Laundry Space
_separate toilets for male, female, children and PWD _separated from the community kitchen
_designated toilet for LGBTs with assigned bathroom _sufficient to accommodate the evacuees
_enough water supply
_well-lit and ventilated
Child-friendly Space Health Service
_boys and girls below18 years old _supply of basic drugs and medicines
_feeding of infant and pre-school children _health worker/ midwife or community nurse
_neighborhood learning and play therapy _supply of hygiene kit
_supply of contraceptives
Open Space
_can be used also as child friendly-space
_warming and exercise area
_can be used to set-up transitional tents or shelters
Women-Friendly Space
_used for increasing awareness for women
_women issues: well-being/ women’s rights/ health and gender/ social
_women’s session/ organization
Conjugal Room Storage/ Stockpile Area

_a private room for married couple _safe for relief goods
_located in the end part of the evacuation area _food items and non-food items
_insect-free
Livestock Space
_near the evac area but located outside
_for domestic animals only
Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Security

_availability of water _1 police officer
_water tap/ handwashing _20 security volunteers (3 shifts)
_bathing/ small item laundry _with flashlight and two-way radio transceiver
Emergency Responders (SRR) Transportation

_abled body and no health issue _24/7 on-standby for mobilization
_trained for emergencies _enough fuel
_with flashlight/ 2-way radio/ whistle _delivery of goods and transport for evacuees
_alternate emergency vehicle
Post-Disaster/ Event Management
_clearing and debris management

_shelter assistance/ repair management
_livelihood program/ cash for work
_rehabilitation and recovery plans
Role of CapSU NSTP Student
The Establishment of CapSU DRRM
The DRRM Legal Basis
The Sendai Framework 2015-2030

The CapSU DRRM Four General Actions
The CapSU DRRM Responsibilities
DREAM: Disaster Resilient Empowered Adaptive Mitigation The DRRM Four Thematic Areas
The Conceptual Framework 2015-2030
The Visual Framework Showing DRR and CCA Advocacy

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NSTP 101- Civic Welfare Training Service

1.1 ACDV – Accredited Community Disaster Volunteer

Course Facilitator: JULIE ANN G. LLAUDERES, MSc.

1.36 . GIS – Geographical Information System

DELIMINATION OF THE MANUAL

Course Facilitator: JULIE ANN G. LLAUDERES, MSc.

OVERVIEW OF THE COURSE

THE PHILIPPINE SITUATION

Disasters are mainly of two types:

UNDERLYING RISK FACTORS

The Pacific Typhoon Belt

Course Facilitator: JULIE ANN G. LLAUDERES, MSc.

The Pacific Ring of Fire

EFFECTS ON SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT

EFFECTS ON BUILT ENVIRONMENT

EFFECTS ON ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

Course Facilitator: JULIE ANN G. LLAUDERES, MSc.

EFFECTS ON NATURAL ENVIRONMENT

FROM NATURAL EVENT TO DISASTER

TAILORING RESPONSE TO SPECIFIC COMMUNITY

PHILIPPINE AREAS EXPOSED TO DISASTER

Top ten provinces that are at risk to earthquakes are:

1. Surigao del Sur 6. Tarlac

Top 8 Disastrous Earthquakes in the Philippines

What is the Earthquake-Proof Province in the Philippines?

What is the Biggest Fault Line in the Philippines?

Course Facilitator: JULIE ANN G. LLAUDERES, MSc.

Deadliest Tsunami in the Philippines

4. 2006 Mayon Volcano Lahar Flow (November 30, 2006)

Course Facilitator: JULIE ANN G. LLAUDERES, MSc.

What is the Worst Landslide in the Philippines?

Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration

PAGASA’s Tropical Cyclone Intensity Scale

Category Sustained Winds

Typhoon (TY) – maximum wind speed of 118 to 220 km/h

Course Facilitator: JULIE ANN G. LLAUDERES, MSc.

THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

REPUBLIC ACT 10121

Course Facilitator: JULIE ANN G. LLAUDERES, MSc.

a.2. Submission of requirements to the DILG for accreditation.

Course Facilitator: JULIE ANN G. LLAUDERES, MSc.

Local Disaster Risk Reduction Management Office (LDRRMO)

Definition of Disaster Management Terms

A disaster can be defined as:

Course Facilitator: JULIE ANN G. LLAUDERES, MSc.

The Disaster Equation

-Hazards (H). Physical impact of disturbance

Disaster Risk Management – WHAT and WHO?

The Lead Agencies

PAGASA: Meteorological, Hydrological and Hydrological Hazards

PHIVOLCS: Earthquake, Tsunami and Volcanic Eruption Hazards

BFP: Fire and Hazard Material (Hazmat) Hazards

PNP: Safety and Security Hazards

Course Facilitator: JULIE ANN G. LLAUDERES, MSc.

Course Facilitator: JULIE ANN G. LLAUDERES, MSc.

Non-Governmental and community-based organizations play a vital role in the process.

The Disaster Cycle

Rationale for Risk Management

Course Facilitator: JULIE ANN G. LLAUDERES, MSc.

Course Facilitator: JULIE ANN G. LLAUDERES, MSc.

Disaster Risk Management Objectives

1. Reduce vulnerabilities in the community

Disaster Risk Management refers to a Range of: