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Study Guide in Science 128: Disaster Risk Reduction Management Module No.

STUDY GUIDE FOR MODULE NO. ___

4

INFROMATION AND RESOURCES FROM GOVERNMENT

(DRRM Projects and Programs)

MODULE OVERVIEW: https://bit.ly/36WR5K1

https://www-510.aig.co.jp/en/csr/activitie https://www.bing.com/aclick

Our experience with disasters taught us to pay more attention to improving risk communication to promote
better understanding of the threats of disasters. If those responsible for relaying warning fall short in informing
the public about the possible severe impacts of hazards, thousands maybe lost. If possible, the timing,
magnitude, and impacts of hazard must be explained well in press briefings, living no room for
misunderstanding by those who are tasked to relay.

Disaster manager also need to be well-informed about the various pre-disasters and post-disaster aspects.
Decision-making on their part demands information on the nature, effects, and impacts of the disasters

The NDRRM Plan (NDRRMP) and Knowledge Transfers The National Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Plan (NDRRMP) fulfills the requirement of RA No. 10121 of 2010, which provides the
legal basis for policies, plans and programs to deal with disasters. The NDRRMP covers four
thematic areas.

The NDRRMP covers four thematic areas

(1) Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
(2) Disaster Preparedness
(3) Disaster Response
(4) Disaster Rehabilitation and Recover

MODULE LEARNING OBJECTIVES

At the end of this lesson, students should be able to:

LEARNING CONTENTS (title of the subsection)

The cost of disasters takes a heavy toll on the economy and human lives. Republic Act No. 10121
of 2010 now provides a legal basis for policies, plans and programs to deal with disasters.
acknowledged the need to “adopt a disaster risk reduction and management approach that is
holistic, comprehensive, integrated, and proactive in lessening the socio-economic and
environmental impacts of disasters including climate change, and promote the involvement and

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participation of all sectors and all stakeholders concerned,

at all levels, especially the local community. ”Thus, the
National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan
(NDRMMP) has been formulated as provided by law.

Our experience with disasters taught us to pay more

attention to improving risk communication to promote
better understanding of the threats of disasters. If those
responsible for relaying warning fall short in informing the
https://publichealth.tulane.edu/blog public about the possible severe impacts of hazards,
thousands maybe lost. If possible, the timing, magnitude,
and impacts of hazard must be explained well in press briefings, living no room for
misunderstanding by those who are tasked to relay.
Disaster manager also need to be well-informed about the various pre-disasters and post-disaster
aspects. Decision-making on their part demands information on the nature, effects, and impacts of
the disasters. The availability of reliable and quality information on these is critical in making sound
disaster managements judgement. Thorough planning and successful implementation of actions for
disaster mitigation, response, and rehabilitation of all contigent on well-informed disaster leaders
and administrators.
The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan (NDRRMP) fulfills the requirement of
RA No. 10121 of 2010, which provides the legal basis for policies, plans and programs to deal with
disasters. The NDRRMP covers four thematic areas.

The NDRRM Plan (NDRRMP) and Knowledge Transfers

The NDRRMP covers four thematic areas

(1) Disaster Prevention and Mitigation

Mitigation and Prevention are used as synonyms. Some prefer to drop the term Mitigation and use
only Prevention. The term Mitigation can be comprised in the term Prevention. Mitigation means to
reduce the severity of the human and material damage caused by the disaster. Prevention is to
ensure that human action or natural phenomena do not result in disaster or emergency

Primary prevention - is to reduce -avert- avoid the risk of the event occurring, by getting rid of the
hazard or vulnerability, e.g. to avoid overcrowding, deforestation and to provide services. Healthier
people in a healthy environment will be less vulnerable to most hazards. E.g. immunizing people
against smallpox made them less vulnerable to the virus, and slowly eradicated the disease.

Secondary prevention - means to recognize promptly the event and to reduce its effects, e.g. by
staying alert to possible displacements of population; by
being ready to provide immunization, food, clean water,
sanitation and health care to refugees. Healthier people in a
healthy environment will also be more capable to overcome
the emergency.

Prevention and mitigation strategies should work towards

reducing the financial and social costs to communities over
time, improving the built environment, and reducing the
impact on, and damage to, the environment.

Investment in disaster risk prevention and reduction

enhances the economic, social, health and cultural resilience
of people, communities, countries and their assets, as well as http://pangasinan.gov.ph/2011/
the environment.

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The effective prevention of disaster events includes multiple strategies to reduce or remove the
impact of hazards and increase the resilience of the community. Disaster managers at all levels of
Queensland's disaster management arrangements are responsible for using a proven risk
management process to identify prevention and mitigation options.

All mitigation measures are important as they save lives and reduce the cost of response to and
recovery of the community.

In Queensland, multiple publications prepared by state government agencies for local governments,
businesses and individuals assist and enhance planning and the development of prevention and
mitigation strategies to reduce disaster risk.

(2) Disaster Preparedness

Preparedness is defined by the United Nations
International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR)
(United Nations International Strategy and Disaster
Reduction, 2009) as knowledge, capabilities, and actions
of governments, organizations, community groups, and
individuals “to effectively anticipate, respond to, and
recover from, the impacts of likely, imminent or current
hazard events or conditions.”

https://thediplomat.com/wp-c Four years have passed since Typhoon Yolanda

(Typhoon Haiyan) devastated the people of the Visayas
and reconstruction efforts are well underway for the communities ravaged by the super typhoon.
Now is the time to study the lessons learnt from the response to Typhoon Yolanda, or the lack of
response.

So how do we prepare for a possible disaster?

Keep yourself informed.

Monitor the news for weather updates, warnings, and advisories. Familiarize yourself with terms
such as earthquake magnitude scale and rainfall warning system. These will give you a heads up
for early evacuation before or immediately after the disaster.

• Evaluate and secure your residence or workplace.

Check the safety of your house against earthquake and floods. Secure heavy furniture and hanging
objects and move essential items to the upper floor. Educate yourself on how to turn off main
electrical switch and operate fire extinguishers. Fire most commonly happens after an earthquake
while submerged electrical outlets and appliances may cause electrocution. Familiarize yourself with
the floor plan or at least the emergency exits of your building.

• Prepare an emergency supply kit.

Your kit should include the following:

First aid kit

• Food
• Bottled water
• Flashlight and spare batteries
• Battery-operated radio
• Candles and matches or lighter

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• Whistle
• Blankets, spare clothes and shoes
• Toiletries
• Marker, pen and paper
• Cash
Food should be ready to eat and stocks should last for at least three days. Your emergency kit
should be placed in an area where you can easily grab it in case of an emergency. Check the
contents periodically for expiration.

• Secure important documents and have an emergency fund.

Important documents should be kept in a water-proof and fire-proof container. You can include here
land titles, certificates, or even your priceless collection. You should also have enough savings that
should at least cover three months’ worth of your household expenses. This will cover repairs and
other expenses to help you get back after the disaster.

• Participate in emergency drills.

This will allow you to know the emergency evacuation plans of your workplace or your community.
Familiarize yourself with the things you need to do during earthquake like “duck, cover and hold”
and during floods like staying indoors.

(3) Disaster Response

Disaster response is the reaction and activity involved in helping people who have involved in some
kind of catastrophe. The first step in an overall disaster management plan is usually focused on
disaster avoidance, and the creation of an action plan that details the necessary response if one
occurs.
Disaster response takes the action plan and puts it into motion when necessary. According to it and
in a disaster situation, emergency personnel are ready to be deployed for search and rescue
missions. Citizens may be advised to either evacuate or seek shelter. In the case of evacuation,
transportation is typically pre-arranged to quickly and safely remove citizens from the affected area.
Also, supplies can be brought in by humanitarian groups or emergency management authorities to
aid those impacted by the incident.

(4) Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery

Disaster rehabilitation and recovery is one of the four thematic areas of the disaster risk reduction
and management (DRRM) system. It entails the restoration, reconstruction, and implementation of
development measures that will enable affected localities and communities to return to normalcy
and build resiliency from the impact of future disasters.

PDRF is at the forefront of post-disaster and post-conflict recovery and rehabilitation initiatives,
ensuring that both the short-term and the long-term needs of affected communities are addressed
through projects that work toward sustainability and empowerment.

Livelihood

PDRF works closely with communities, private sector partners, and the local government in
restoring employment and income opportunities in areas affected by disasters.

Education

PDRF coordinates with member companies and organizations in rebuilding disaster-hit school
buildings and learning centers. This includes scaling up innovative and disaster-proof methods of
deploying mobile learning solutions.

Shelter

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PDRF works with reputable partners from the construction and utility industry and with community
development organizations in building emergency, transitional, and permanent shelter facilities and
evacuation centers for communities affected by disasters.

Environment

Anchored on science-based approaches and community engagement, PDRF’s environmental

protection and rehabilitation programs strengthen the resilience of communities.

Water, Infrastructure, Shelter, Health

Through strategic partnerships with the private sector, PDRF addresses gaps in the supply and
quality of water resources, strengthens the resilience of public infrastructure, and broadens
community access to health facilities.

Video Support: https://www.youtube.com/watch?

https://vimeo.com/143059876

DRRM Programs, Activities, and Projects

Humanitarian Relief Assistance

The provision of Food and Non-Food Items (FNFI) to the disaster-affected families.

Family Food Packs (FFPs) which consist of 6 kilos of rice, 4 tin cans of sardines, 4 tin cans of corned beef,
and 6 sachets of instant coffee/powdered cereal drink; Each pack is good for 2 days for a family of 5
members.
Non-Food Items (NFIs) Provision of other essential needs of disaster victims such as mats, blankets,

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tarpaulins, hygiene kits, clothing, etc.

Construction of Bunkhouses or Temporary Shelters

Provision of temporary or transitional shelters for displaced families in the absence of any community facility to
temporarily shelter them while awaiting the construction of their damaged shelters.

(The rate varies per geographical area and availability of local construction materials.)

Emergency Shelter Assistance (ESA)

Provision of limited financial or material assistance (or both) to family-victims of disasters whose houses are
either totally or partially damaged.

(The per capita cost ranges from ₱10,000.00 to ₱30,000.00/family.)

Cash-for-Work (CFW) / Food-for-Work (FFW)

hort-term intervention that provides transitional support and citizenship-building through temporary
employment by providing families cash or food assistance in exchange for community works and trainings
participated in, either along the Disaster Mitigation, Preparedness, Response, or Early Recovery and
Rehabilitation phases.

(The rate is equivalent to 75% of the regional minimum wage of the covered regions based on the latest
prescribed rates set by DOLE-NWPC.)

(Maximum of 15 days engagement. However, the number of days for extension varies based on the work
component to be undertaken.)

LEARNING ACTIVITY 1

Name _________________________________ Date__________________

Subj. & Sec. ____________________________ Prof. __________________

Exercise 1

1. Which part of disaster management involves predicting a possible crisis before it occurs?
a. Mitigation
b. Preparedness
c. Response
d. Recovery

2. Developing and practicing an emergency plan occurs during which phase of disaster
management?
a. Mitigation
b. Preparedness
c. Response
d. Recovery
3. In which phase of disaster management would you stabilize the situation and assess the
immediate damage?
a. Mitigation
b. Preparedness
c. Response
d. Recovery

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4. Mitigation in the disaster management cycle involves what activity?

a. Prevention of disasters if possible
b. Caring for the birds injured
c. Responding to the disaster
d. Preparing for litigation after the event

5. Disasters can happen at any time. What is the first part of the disaster management cycle to
consider?

a. Response
b. Litigation
c. Recovery
d. Preparation

REFERENCES

E-sources:
https://apps.who.int/disasters/repo/5514.pdf
https://www.bing.com/aclick
https://www.wisegeek.net
https://ocd.gov.ph/attachments/
https://www.disaster.qld.gov.au/dmg/Prevention/Pages/3-3.aspx
http://downloads.caraga.dilg.gov.ph/Disaster%20Preparedness/National%20DRRM%20Plan%20-
%20Primer.pdf
https://publichealth.tulane.edu/blog/what-is-disaster-management/
https://dreamb.dswd.gov.ph/?p=191
https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5f95c6a4b01bb3001bf1583c/disaster-risk-reduction-management-
quiz
https://study.com/academy/practice/quiz-worksheet-disaster-management-response-for-nurses.html

Video references:

https://vimeo.com/143059876
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=USLHmwvpjX8

PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY 7