HDR Ncii - Core - Bandong - Final

COMPETENCY STANDARDS
HAIRDRESSING NC II
The HAIRDRESSING NC II Qualification consists of competencies that a person

must achieve to perform basic hair care services such as hair coloring, bleaching,
haircutting, straightening and perming and basic facial make-up application.
The Units of Competency comprising this Qualification include the following:
Unit Code BASIC COMPETENCIES

500311105 Participate in workplace communication
500311106 Work in team environment
500311107 Practice career professionalism
500311108 Practice occupational health and safety procedures
Unit Code COMMON COMPETENCIES

HCS515201 Maintain an effective relationship with clients/customers
HCS515202 Manage own performance
HCS515204 Apply quality standards
HCS515205 Maintain a safe, clean and efficient environment
Unit Code CORE COMPETENCIES

HCS515301 Perform pre- and post- hair care activities
HCS515302 Perform hair and scalp treatment
HCS515303 Perform basic hair perming
HCS515304 Perform basic hair coloring
HCS515305 Perform basic haircutting
HCS515306 Perform hair bleaching
HCS515308 Perform hair straightening
HCS515314 Apply basic make-up
2
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
WELCOME!
The “CORE COMPETENCY” a competency which comprises the

knowledge, skills and attitudes required for a TVET trainee to possess.
The module, contains training materials and activities related to

identify learner’s requirements, preparing session plan, preparing basic
instructional materials and organizing learning and teaching activities for
you to complete.
In this module, you are required to go through a series of learning

activities in order to complete each learning outcome. In each learning
outcome are Information Sheets, Self-Checks and Task Sheet/Job Sheets.
Follow and perform the activities on your own. If you have questions, do not
hesitate to ask for assistance from your facilitator.
Remember to:
 Read information sheets and complete the Self-Check activity.

Suggested references are included to supplement the materials
provided in this module.
 Perform the Task-Sheets to your facilitator for evaluation and
recording in the Achievement Chart. Outputs shall serve as your
portfolio during the Institutional Competency Evaluation. When you
feel the confident that you have had sufficient practice, ask your
trainer to evaluate you. The results of your assessment will be
recorded in your Progress Chart and Achievement Chart.
You must pass the Institutional Competency Evaluation for this

competency before moving to another competency. A Certificate of
Achievement will be awarded to you after passing the evaluation.
3
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING (RPL)
You may already have some of the knowledge and skills covered in this
module because you have:
Been working for some time.

Already have complete training in this area.
If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in a

particular skill or skills, talk to him/her about having them formally
recognized so you don’t have to do same training again. If you have a
qualification or Certificate of Competency from previous trainings show it to
your trainer. If the skills you acquired are still current and relevant to this
module, they may become part of your evidence you can present RPL. If you
are not sure about the currency of your skills, discuss it with your teacher.
After completing this module ask your trainer to assess your competency.
The results of your assessment will be recorded in your

Progress Chart and Achievement Chart.
4
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
5
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-1
“DRAPING PROCEDURE ACCORDING TO CLIENTS’
BUILT”
INTRODUCTION
Workplaces are regulated for safety. Salons work hard to protect both clients
and employees from risks, so cosmetologists should understand the
precautions necessary to prevent illness and injury. Draping, or placing a
cape around a client’s shoulders, is more than just a way to keep hair off
their clothing, it’s an indispensable health measure that’s more beneficial
than it seems.
What is Draping in Cosmetology?

Draping is the process of putting a cape around a client’s upper body before
they receive services.
There are three types:
1. Dry drapes are made of lightweight nylon or polyester and are used
for services that don’t require chemicals or water beyond a quick
6
spritz.
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
2. Wet drapes are waterproof and used for shampoos.
3. Chemical drapes are resistant to hazardous substances, like bleach

and coloring agents. They’re typically longer and wider than average
capes for additional coverage.
Wet and chemical drapes come in a wide range of specially treated fabrics. A
towel or disposable neck strip is used under the cape’s collar to keep fabric
off the skin.
Why is Draping Important in Cosmetology?

Clients’ comfort and safety are a salon’s top priority. The purpose of draping
is to protect a client’s skin and clothing, preventing the spread of infectious
diseases.
Bacterial infections on the scalp, for example, can ooze infectious material
that, when mixed with water, can run down a client’s neck and shoulders
without proper draping. Drapes also protect upper body skin from burns
and irritations caused by salon chemicals, whether it be from shampoos or
bleach. Even the mildest substances can cause unexpected allergic
reactions.
Drapes keep hair and chemicals off clothing. A single spot of bleach or
permanent hair color can irreversibly ruin an expensive garment. Hair is
also itchy when it’s trapped against the skin and may leave a lunch-hour
client uncomfortable at work for the rest of the day.
7
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Why Are Sanitation and Hygiene Essential in
Cosmetology?
As a cosmetologist, it’s your responsibility to safeguard yourself and your
clients from infection. A significant number of bacteria, viruses, and fungi
are transmissible in a salon setting, including:
Staphylococci: a skin bacteria found in boils and pustules. It’s universally

present on human skin and generally harmless, but in large numbers or
near broken skin, it can cause conjunctivitis and skin infections from mild
to severe.
Streptococci: causes common infections such as strep throat, scarlet fever

and impetigo, a highly contagious skin infection found mostly in children.
Most cases are rare, and most aren’t serious, but it can cause life-
threatening blood poisoning if it enters the skin through a cut caused by a
razor or scissors.
8
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Diplococci: A group of bacteria known to cause pneumonia and other
respiratory infections, diplococci are spread through air or skin contact. A
single client coughing, or sneezing can spread bacteria throughout your
salon.
Meningococci: Meningococci cause meningitis, a dangerous swelling of the

brain’s meninges, the membranes that line the skull and vertebral canal. It’s
rare but often fatal and can be spread through air and contact.
Fungi: The risk of getting a fungal infection in a salon is high. It’s

ubiquitous in the environment and hard to control. Fungi can colonize nail
beds and skin and enter the body through nicks and cuts. Common sources
9
include pedicure tubs and shampoo sinks.

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Herpes Simplex Type 1: Herpes Simplex is the virus that causes cold sores.
It’s very common in the environment and is spread through direct contact.
As in any enclosed setting, both clients and staff are vulnerable to a whole
host of other infectious or gastrointestinal disorders from the common cold
to now, Covid-19. Good sanitation and hygiene are musts.
How Does a Cosmetologist Keep Clients Safe?

There’s a wide range of health risks in any work environment. In a salon,
you’ll need to consider:
Infection Control
Clients can be symptom-free yet still have contagious infections. You can
never let your guard down when it comes to cleanliness in cosmetology. Best
practices include:
Sanitizing Workstations and Equipment – Any point of contact between

you and clients, whether it’s direct or by touching tools, should be sanitized
regularly with the recommended chemicals. Most need a specified contact
time to be effective, so follow the instructions carefully.
Equipment, such as shampoo sinks and pedicure tubs, are sanitized

between uses and disinfected daily. And don’t forget the waiting area.
10
Doorknobs, cosmetology books, and other items touched frequently by

Page
clients can harbor infection.
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Disinfecting Tools – disinfecting combs, brushes, scissors and other tools
is a critical part of infection control. Approved disinfectants vary by state
and include alcohol, bleach and hydrogen peroxide solutions. All EPA-
registered liquid disinfectants must be:
 Labeled ―Bactericidal, viricidal and fungicidal‖ meaning they kill most

bacteria, viruses and fungi
 Prepared fresh daily or at regular intervals and discarded if they are
visibly contaminated
 Mixed, stored and disposed of per manufacturer’s specifications
Tools should be cleansed of debris and submerged for the recommended

time. If you affix a label on your tool holders with the date and time the
solution was changed, you’ll never forget or be accidentally out of
compliance. Drapes should be changed between clients and laundered daily
depending on the regulations in your area. State and federal agencies
monitor the implementation of infection control practices in salons, so
cosmetologists should be familiar with the rules.
Handwashing – remains the single best infection control measure for

preventing the spread of illness. Wash your hands between each client and
any time you touch a potentially contaminated surface to avoid cross-
contamination.
Covid Precautions – the best way to prevent infections in salons is not to

let them in. As a condition of reopening, many states require salons to defer
services for patrons with Covid-19 symptoms. Masks or face shields that
tame respiratory droplets and aerosols are a mandate for both
cosmetologists and clients in some states.
Slips and Falls

Clients are vulnerable to injuries in salons. Water, soaps, and hair on the
floor combined with heavy foot traffic are a recipe for slips and falls. What
can you do to minimize the risk? Experts suggest:
 Reduce clutter.
 Offer plenty of space for clients to move in the salon between
equipment and displays.
 Create a clear delineation between work and waiting areas.
 Place non-slip mats at the entrance to catch dirt, snow and debris.
11
 Sweep and mop regularly.

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Draping also helps because it keeps hair clipping confined where they can
easily be swept up before clients and coworkers can track them throughout
the salon.
Chemical Hazards
Chemical hazards in cosmetology are usually the result of spills or
improperly mixed solutions.
To avoid these risks:

 Keep chemicals in their original containers, labels have instructions
and precautions.
 Never combine chemicals without knowing it’s safe.
 Store and dispose of chemicals as directed, multiple solutions poured
down a drain without rinsing can collect in pipes and emit dangerous
gasses.
 Drape clients to prevent accidental skin contact with chemicals that
can cause burns.
 Ensure the salon is well-ventilated when hair chemicals that can
cause respiratory irritation are applied.
 Keep Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for all chemicals in the salon. They
contain information for handling spills and evaluating safety risks.
Electrical and Fire Dangers

Any electrical appliance in a salon, hair dryers, curling irons, washing
machines and dryers, can cause a fire or electrical hazard.
Follow these rules:

 Inspect cords and outlets regularly.
 Keep combustible debris, including hair, away from electrical
appliances.
 Don’t use or store appliances near liquid.
 Store flammable products, such as hairspray, away from direct heat.
Draping is a crucial part of keeping hair from collecting under dryers where
a spark could cause them to ignite.
12
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
How Does OSHA Help Keep Cosmetologists Safe in
a Salon?
As a cosmetologist, it’s your job to keep clients safe. It’s the Occupation
Health and Safety Administration’s (OSHA) mission to look after you.
Established in 1971, OSHA sets and enforces minimum health and safety
standards in the workplace. Employers and employees are expected to
comply with rules, and salons may be inspected.
Students in a vocational school cosmetology program learn about how OSHA

regulations keep them safe and what their responsibilities are.
Cosmetologists must perform to reasonable standards to protect themselves
and coworkers, but employers must ensure they have the training, tools and
equipment they need to be safe.
OSHA regulations cover:

 Employee training requirements
 Hazard recognition
 Ergonomics
 Chemical storage
 Blood-borne pathogen prevention
 Fire safety procedures
 Emergency response plans
 Complaint processes
How important are clients to a business?

Customers are the most important people for any organization. They are the
resource upon which the success of the business depends. When thinking
about the importance of customers it is useful to remember the following
points: ... If they do not develop customer loyalty and satisfaction, they
could lose their customers.
Every hairdressing business has to have clients the client satisfaction is the
salon main business. Realizing this is the key to your success
How to Be a Hairdresser
Hairdressing requires little academic education, but lengthy hands-on
training. Most hairdressers complete their training at a cosmetology school
13
and, since job demand for hairdressers is high, quickly obtain hairdressing
jobs. A hairdresser has good potential to make money, so long as they work
Page
hard at their trade and communicate well with their clients.
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
PREPARING FOR THE JOB
 Know your state's or country's requirements for professional
hairdressers.
 Attend an accredited Beauty Care / Hairdressing school.
 Prepare for your licensing exam..
 Consider getting an apprenticeship at a salon.
 Pass your state licensing exam. The exam usually takes place at a
state-assigned testing center. Once you've passed the exam, you will
likely become a strong candidate for open positions at many salons.
 Consider asking fellow hairstylists how they got the job. Ideas:
YOU NEED TO KNOW AND UNDERSTAND

 How to communicate positively, professionally and confidently
 How to recognize the type of hair and skin conditions that affect
hairdressing services and treatments.
 How to recognized the physical features and aspects that affect
hairdressing services and treatment
 How to solve problems and provide suitable courses of action and
advice.
 A range of hair, skin and scalp conditions and characteristics at a
basic, scientific level.
THE IMPOTANT OF CONSULTATION

Client consultation is the most important service provided in the
hairdressing salon. Unfortunately, though. It is usually provided as a sort of
―loss leader’ given away freely in the hope of attracting a sale. Because of
this, it is often given little time and lacks the thoroughness needed in its
execution
So what makes a good client consultation?

1. Good communication
If you are a hairdresser, tell them what you plan to do before you start
working on them and make sure that the client understands what you are
about to do.
2. Put clients at ease

Put your clients at ease – from the first consultation to every one after that.
How you talk to your client is just as important as what you are saying, so
14
pay special attention to your tone and body language!

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
3. Confidentiality
Clients trust you with their most important information, and it is vital that
this information is stored correctly. Not just from a client sensitivity point of
view, but data protection is your responsibility and if it gets into the wrong
hands a client is well within their rights to make a claim against you.
SOURCE
https://www.msccollege.edu/blogs/hair/why-is-draping-important-in-
cosmetology/
15
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
SELF CHECK 1.1-1
Choose the letter of the correct answer
1. Made of lightweight nylon or polyester and are used for services that
don’t require chemicals or water beyond a quick spritz.
a. Chemical drapes
b. Dry drapes
c. Wet drapes
d. Average drapes
2. Resistant to hazardous substances, like bleach and coloring agents.

a. Chemical drapes
b. Dry drapes
c. Wet drapes
d. Average drapes
3. Waterproof and used for shampoos

a. Chemical drapes
b. Dry drapes
c. Wet drapes
d. Average drapes
4. Bacterial infections on the scalp, for example, can ooze infectious

material that, when mixed with water, can run down a client’s neck and
shoulders without proper draping.
a. True
b. False
c. Maybe
5. A skin bacteria found in boils and pustules

a. Meningococci
b. Streptococci
c. Diplococci
d. Staphylococci
6. A dangerous swelling of the brain’s meninges, the membranes that

line the skull and vertebral canal.
a. Meningococci
b. Streptococci
c. Diplococci
16
d. Staphylococci
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
ANSWER KEY 1.1-1
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. D
6. A
17
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
“TYPES OF SALON SERVICES”
INTRODUCTION
There are many different kinds of beauty salons. Each business offers one or
more salon service options. The different types of salon services provide care
and beautification for the body from head to toe.
Hair salon services are the most common. The style of service varies in
different hairdressing salons and ranges from budget to pampering. Hair
salons with budget prices have a basic "no frills" environment and may not
even take appointments for cuts and simpler styles. More complicated
hairstyles or perms and colors may require an appointment. Trendy,
expensive hair salons are typically ultra-stylish in their decor; they tend to
pamper clients with extra services, such as by providing herbal teas and
snacks.
Day spa salons may also serve clients tea as well as a light lunch. Services
at a day spa often include massage, facials and skin care treatments.
Depending on the spa, specialties such as aromatherapy or mud baths may
be offered. These types of salons may also have esthetic services such as
hair removal. The different kinds of salon hair removal methods include
laser treatments and waxing.
1. Hair Treatment
Beautiful hair is a never ending quest. We scoured the list of top salon hair
treatments that can restore the body, shine and improve the health of your
locks instantly. Here’s our list of the best salon hair treatment services that
repair damaged hair.
Keratin Treatment
Want to fight the battle of frizzy hair and win? Keratin Complex has been a
popular hair smoothing service for over ten years and can deliver smooth
results for many weeks. Also known as the popular Brazilian Blowout,
relaxers and keratin treatments can transform hair from curly to straight.
The problem is they only last until your hair grows out, and then it is back
to the salon for another application.
18
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Keratin treatments are ideal if you have curly or frizzy hair that just won’t
quit and you want smooth results without the work of using flat irons and
styling products at home.
There are two ways a keratin treatment can be applied to the hair so it’s
important to know the difference between the two.
 A basic keratin smoothing treatment penetrates into the cortex of
your hair, promising shine and silky tresses for up to six months.
 The popular Brazilian Blowout releases a formaldehyde-derived
solution that coats the hair shaft and once rinsed and following with a
blow dry and straightening iron, will keep curls at bay for up to three
months. You’ll wake up with straight hair that DOES care.
19
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Scalp Treatment
If a dry and itchy scalp is one of your hair woes, an in salon scalp treatment
can be a beneficial service that not only feels wonderful, it can substantially
correct the scalp oil production and improve hair growth.
Whether your fine hair is weighed down by an oily scalp or prone to flaky
patches, a healthy scalp is essential if you want healthy hair. A scalp facial
is a growing Japanese trend that is becoming widely popular due to the
results of improved scalp skin.
It’s ideal for everyone. Scalp scrubs and serums are the new skin care for
hair.
20
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Hot Oil Treatment
Hot oil treatments provide instant shine and seal the cuticle, resulting in
silky hair that feels nourished and smooth. Typically left on the hair for
about 12-20 minutes and then rinsed out, this professional salon hair
treatment can do wonders for dry hair and damaged hair in no time flat.
It’s best for dry and colored hair types benefit from hot oil treatments. How
long you leave them on, how frequently, and how much you apply all
depends on the hair’s health.
Moisture Treatment
Resurrect dry and parched tresses with a moisture protein treatment. The
creme de la creme deep conditioning treatment, a quality moisture
treatment can fix common hair woes such as lack of shine and split ends.
21
Olaplex Hair Perfector No 3 is a popular repairing treatment that is

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
massaged into the hair during a luxurious and relaxing service and can be
added to the cost of your weekly blowout.
It’s best for parched, over processed, heat damaged and desperate hair that
needs a little (or a lot) of love. Add a moisture treatment to your next
coloring service and your hair will thank you.
Detox Treatment
Detox hair treatments get rid of the buildup on the hair shaft that results
from too much product usage or chemicals such as chlorine. By clarifying
the hair shaft, a detox treatment improves the health of the hair and scalp
and can stimulate hair growth.
22
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Build up is a dirty word and we all have it. Detox treatments will cleanse
your tresses and add body while removing the impurities that make it
lackluster. If you use many styling products or tend to skip the shampoo
several times a week, a detox treatment is for you.
Relax Treatment
If your curls have taken over, a relax treatment can take back the power.
Relaxing treatments fight frizz effectively and make hair sleek for months on
end. Results can be customized to reduce curl, remove frizz, and control
movement. Cezanne Perfect Finish Keratin Smoothing Treatment is a
beloved semi-permanent straightening treatment that is formaldehyde-free,
and works.
23
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Relaxing treatments are used on textured hair, whether it’s wavy or curly.
You can have the beach waves of your dreams and ditch the dry frizzy side
effect of your curl.
Although this treatment can last for months, reapplication must be done
carefully. If a relaxing treatment is done too often the result can be dry,
limp, and lifeless hair. Pick your battle and tread wisely.
Toning Treatment
Toning treatments are used to correct the color of the hair. Perhaps your
blonde got a little too golden once the foils were removed, or your red has
faded as all reds do, a toning treatment can be applied after the initial color
service to perfect your hair color, or in-between a full color service as
maintenance. Usually applied at the shampoo bowl, a toning treatment is
24
left on the hair anywhere from 15-20 minutes and then rinsed to perfection.
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Toning treatments can extend your hair color, prevent fading, and correct a
multitude of coloring sins. Professional application is important because
lightened hair will instantly grab the hue. Avoid a hair color mishap and get
an in-salon toning treatment rather than experiment with boxed color at
home.
Hair Glossing Treatment

Want instant shine that lasts for weeks on end? A hair glossing treatment
smooths the shaft and adds reflective sheen. Applied at the shampoo bowl,
this popular hair enhancing service can be done after a color treatment or
on virgin hair to boost the radiance.
Glossing treatments are fun little hair enhancement service that can be
25
done on a whim. Consider a glossing treatment as the top coat for your hair
and opt for one after every hair coloring service.
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Love Your Hair from Roots to Ends!
The next time you find yourself fighting hair breakage or staring down at
split ends in despair, rest assured a haircut isn’t the only cure for damaged
hair. Make everyday a beautiful hair day with a professional salon
treatment.
26
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Hair Color
For anyone looking to enhance their hair color or change it entirely, a hair
color chart is definitely a useful tool for determining which one of the many
shades to choose.
There are four main hair colors: blonde, brunette, red, and black and these
colors can be changed slightly in tone to create a different appearance. For
example blonde color can be combined with cooler tones to produce a hair
color like ash blonde or champagne. This process can be applied to all
shades for a wide selection of hair color choices to match anyone’s personal
preference.
A hair color chart shows tones from blonde to black and makes it easier to
find a color in a particular range and its possible appearance on hair
strands. The majority of charts provides many options for each of the main
colors and in cool, warm, and neutral tones.
Each chart below is from a major hair care product company who produce
some of the top at home hair coloring products. These charts are an
excellent way to find hair color ideas.
Not all of the hair colors are listed but there are enough to show the variety
of products. Many of the hair colors look the same but with different names
for each chart.
L’Oreal Feria’s Hair Color Chart

The L’Oreal Feria line shows how bright and rich hair color can be and two
of the best looking colors in the product line are sunflower blonde which has
a warm tone great for summer and crushed garnet which has a cooler tone.
27
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Clairol’s Perfect 10’s Hair Color Chart
Clairol’s Perfect 10 line shows of some stunning variance in hair colors,
especially for blonde and brown shades. The light ash blonde, light golden
brown, and medium reddish blonde are all beautiful shades.
28
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Garnier Nutrisse Hair Color Line
The Garnier Nutrisse hair color line offers 38 shades in cool, neutral, and
warm tones with a few unique choices. Some colors that really stand out in
the hair color chart are the true red pomegranate, light reddish brown, and
deep burgundy.
29
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Hair Bleach
Going to a salon can be pricey, but people have been bleaching their hair at
home for decades -- and you can too! The bleaching process is a bit different
30
for everyone, depending on your current hair color, but otherwise its pretty
straightforward. Once you get your hair bleached, follow up with a toner and
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
you will be rocking the bleach blonde look in no time. This process works
best on healthy hair, so don't dye or otherwise process your hair in the
months leading up to the bleaching. It is also important to ventilate the
area. These chemicals are strong, so crack a window!
Method1: Bleaching Your Hair
1. Gather your supplies.

You'll need to buy:
 Bleach powder. Decide what shade you're aiming for, then head to
your local beauty store. Bleach powder comes in either packets or
tubs; it can be more economical to buy a tub if you're planning on
bleaching your hair more than once. You'll also need a tint brush (for
applying products), a bowl, and plastic wrap.
 Developer. Developers come in strengths ranging from 10 to 40. If
your hair is blonde or light brown, use a 20 or 30 volume developer. If
your hair is black or very dark, you may need 40 volume developer;
this is very damaging so try to avoid if possible. The lower the volume,
the less damaging it is to hair. If you aren’t sure what strength to use
for your hair, go with a 20-volume developer.
 Permanent toner. If you want to go platinum, you'll need toner. It
takes the yellow/orange color out of just-bleached hair. Some toners
can make hair white, some create warm golden tones, and others
31
create a silvery effect. If you aren't sure, ask someone at the beauty
supply store to assist you.
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
2. Combine the bleach powder and developer to create the mixture.
Normally the instructions will tell you to add bleach powder and developer
at a 1:1 ratio, but you can double check your product for specifics. Put the
powder in a mixing bowl and mix in the correct ratio of developer using a
spatula or spoon.
 Bleach powder and developer is usually measured in scoops, meaning
you use the plastic scooper that comes with a tub of bleach powder.
For a 1:1 ratio, you’d mix 1 scoop of bleach powder and 1 scoop of
developer.
 The mixture will not look blonde; it should be blueish-white or blue. It
also shouldn’t be too soupy or too thick. It should have a consistency
like gravy.
 If you're using it, now is the time to mix in the red gold color corrector.
Follow the instructions on the bottle.
32
3. Apply the bleach to completely dry hair. Use the tinting brush to paint
Page
on the mixture, one section at a time. Really saturate your hair with the
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
mixture. Work from the ends of your hair up to within a few inches of the
roots – these come last because they tend to process the bleach more
quickly. To avoid hot roots, do not put bleach near your scalp while working
with the ends of your hair.
4. Cover your hair with a sheet of plastic wrap. Set a timer for 15
minutes to start. Check your hair's color by wetting a section with water
from a spray bottle, then toweling the bleach off. If your hair still looks dark,
reapply a little bleach to the section you wiped off, and let the bleach sit in
your hair for another 10 minutes.
5. Keep checking until your hair is sufficiently light. Go in 10 minutes

intervals until you reach your desired shade. Do not let the bleach sit for
more than an hour. It won't make your hair any lighter, and could cause
serious damage to your hair and scalp.
6. Rinse the bleach from your hair with cold water. Keep rinsing until
the water runs clear. Do not use a shampoo, since you just stripped your
hair of all oils. Follow up with a deep conditioner or hair masque.
Avoid shampooing for 24 to 48 hours, if possible.
7. Towel your hair and allow it to air try. Avoid blow drying it right after
bleaching, as further damage may occur. Your hair should now be a yellow
blonde color. It's fine to stop there if you like the results. If you want to
make it platinum, you must also tone it.
33
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Perming
The bohemian wave hair trend is still going strong! And for some straight
haired beauties, no amount of curling and setting provides longevity to their
curls. Experienced technicians have the skills and knowledge to solve this
age-old dilemma. They give their clients ―waves for days‖ using their perming
skills.
Of course, we’re not talking about the iconic perms of the 1980s, fantastic
as it was. We’re referring to that soft s-bend that helps straight hair with a
compacted cuticle become more voluminous. This allows the newly-waved
hair to hold a boho wave from first light right through to the last call at the
hottest night club in town.
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF PERMS?

There are two types of perms, one step perms or single actions perms and
two step perms or dual action perms. The active chemical found in most
perm lotions is ammonium thioglycolate.
1. Single action perms

Let’s jump straight in with a few scientific details you can use to develop
your understanding of single action perms – and of course impress clients.
Single action perms are generally used for straighter European and Asian
hair types. They come in a range of strengths, ensuring you get the best
34
result for your client’s hair type.

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
You can choose from:
 Mild
 Normal
 Colour treated
 Highlighted
 Resistant
Single action perm products include alkaline perms, acid perms and
exothermic perms. It’s crucial to understand the key differences to ensure
you select the right product for your client.
Acid perm lotion is gentle with a pH value of approximately 6 to 7, similar

to hair in its normal state. Acid perms are most suited to hair that’s had
previous chemical services or is compromised from environmental factors.
Glyceryl monothioglycolate – the chemical used in an acid perm – breaks
fewer disulphide bonds. Acid perms contain activators that need heat to
open the cuticle layers of the hair shaft.
Alkaline perm lotions have a stronger pH value of approximately 9.5. They

use ammonium thioglyocolate, which can be more damaging if used on the
wrong hair texture. Alkaline perm lotions are best suited for normal or
resistant hair types.
35
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Exothermic perm lotions are self-heating. They have activators that are
added to the perm lotion which helps the cuticle layers of the hair shaft to
open. Exothermic perms can be either acid or alkaline.
Dual action perms

Dual action perms are kinder to the hair and are mostly used on African
type hair for relaxing or chemical rearranging.
They consist of two steps. The first step softens and smooths the natural
hair texture.
36
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
WHAT IS PERM NEUTRALISER?
Both single action perms and dual action perms need a neutraliser to
complete the chemical change of the hair shape. This final stage is called
neutralization – It’s the process of oxidization.
During this process, oxygen is added to the hair using either hydrogen
peroxide or sodium bromate.
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT STAGES OF PERMING?

During the perming process, the hair structure goes through three stages to
take on its new shape. It’s helpful to have an understanding of the different
stages, so we’ve outlined them below:
1 – Softening
Once the perm lotion is applied, the perm lotion swells the hair cuticle
layers and enters the cortex.
37
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
2 – Moulding
The perm lotion deposits hydrogen, which attaches itself to the hair
structure’s disulphide bonds. The bonds are broken and become sulphide
bonds. Once this happens the hair is in a state to change to the new shape
of the perming rod.
3 – Fixing
This is the final stage of the perming process. Once the processing is
complete and the perm lotion has been removed, a neutralizing product is
applied. The neutralizer removes the hydrogen created during the softening
and mounding stage and adds oxygen. The broken disulphide bonds reform
and the hair are fixed in the new shape.
We’re committed to ensuring that you give your clients (or students) the best
38
possible experience. That’s why our website is packed with useful content on
Page
perming hair, giving you the chance to learn new skills or refresh old ones.
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Straightening
Permanent hair straightening treatments are a form of chemical processing

for your hair. Depending on what method of processing you use, hair that’s
naturally curly or textured can be altered to lay flat and lose its curl.
These treatments work for several months or more, usually lasting until new
hair grows in to replace the hair that was treated. For this reason, these
39
processes are called permanent hair straightening.

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
The ―permanent hair straightening‖ label can be used to refer to keratin
treatments, thermal straightening, and ―perm‖ straightening processes. If
you find your wavy or curly hair hard to style or just want a change in your
look, these processes can be appealing.
Self at-home treatments and salon treatments are both popular options.
This article will help you be informed about the pros and cons of this kind of
hair treatment.
Types of treatments
There are several types of treatments that claim to make your hair
straighter. Each relies on a different chemical formula and processing
method. Some of these treatments are sold in kits that you can do yourself
at home, while others require salon-grade equipment to be done effectively.
1. Professional permanent straightening

A perm refers to a chemical process that permanently alters the hair follicle.
Perms are sometimes associated with creating curls in hair that doesn’t
naturally have it, but they can be used to make hair straight, too.
Perms are usually done in one appointment that takes a few hours. The cost
of a perm can vary according to your salon and how long your hair is.
2. Semi-permanent hair straightening

Keratin hair treatments, Brazilian blowouts, and semi-permanent hair
straightening all refer to a method of treating your hair for a straight texture
that lasts 3 to 5 months. This method can take multiple salon appointments
to finish application, and typically costs over $150.
3. Thermal straightening
Japanese thermal hair straightening, also called an acid perm, is more
similar to a traditional ―straight‖ perm than it is to a keratin treatment.
This process might involve the longest time spent in a salon chair (5 to 6
hours), but it also claims to last the longest (up to 6 months).
How it works
All permanent hair straightening methods use the same strategy.
 A chemical solution is applied to your hair. These chemicals change

the way that the proteins in your hair are configured.
40
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
 With perms and thermal straightening procedures, a neutralizer is
then applied to your hair. This neutralizer causes your hair to lock
into its new shape, with new bonds forming between the protein
molecules of your hair.
 It can take several hours to infuse the hair with the chemical solution,
apply the neutralizer, and style your hair. These chemical solutions
often carry strong scents, and in many cases you’re cautioned against
getting your hair wet or even sweating too much in the days following
the treatment.
 This means that you’re walking around inhaling the chemicals used to
treat your hair, as well as exposing everyone near you to them.
Side effects
Hair breakage after a permanent hair straightening treatment is somewhat
common. The chemical solution works by, in essence, damaging your hair
so it lies flat or releases its natural curl.
This means that your hair may be harder to style and take longer to dry
until it grows out and new, untreated hair takes its place.
There’s also a concern about the chemicals used for these straightening
processes.
Formaldehyde, which is in almost all straightening solutions, is a known

carcinogen. Applying it to your hair and inhaling fumes causes exposure
strong enough to cause side effects. These may include respiratory
difficulties, irritation to your nose and eyes, and skin redness and irritation.
What about natural products?

Even ―all-natural‖ or ―formaldehyde-free‖ formulas of hair straighteners are
often full of duplicate chemicals that become formaldehyde when they’re
heated.
You shouldn’t get any of these permanent straightening treatments if

you’re pregnant or trying to become pregnant.
Pros and cons

The pros and cons of each hair straightening depend on what method you’re
41
considering.
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
42
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
43
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
How long does it last?
Semi-permanent hair straightening lasts 3 to 4 months before your natural
hair texture starts to reappear.
Home hair straightening kits don’t often last longer than 6 weeks.
Permanent hair straightening done in a salon lasts anywhere from 4 to 6

months. Once your roots start to grow in, you’ll need to decide if you’re
going to repeat the treatment or wait for it to grow out completely.
Hair Cut
Popular Haircuts for Men – Short Hair
Short Hair + Cropped Fringe
Skin Fade + Blunt Cut Fringe
44
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Buzzcut + Shape Up + Disconnected Beard
Short Textured Haircut For Men
45
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Popular Haircuts For Men – Medium Hair
High Fade + Loose Pompadour
High Fade + Textured Quiff Haircut
46
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Medium Length Textured Haircut For Guys
Spiky Modern Undercut
47
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Cool Spiky Men’s Haircut For Thick Hair
Medium Length Haircut For Men With Natural Flow
48
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Medium Textured Haircut + High Skin Fade
Classic Pompadour Haircut
49
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
High Fade + Curly Hair
Slicked Back Hair
50
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Best Haircuts Women
Tousled Lob Haircut
Curtain Bangs and Shag Haircut
51
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
52
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
SOURCE
https://www.smartcapitalmind.com/what-are-the-different-types-of-salon-
services.htm
https://www.latest-hairstyles.com/color/chart.html
https://therighthairstyles.com/salon-hair-treatments/
53
https://myhairdressers.com/blog/beginners-guide-perm-works/
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
SELF CHECK 1.1-2
Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. Is gentle with a pH value of approximately 6 to 7, similar to hair in its

normal state.
a. Alkaline perm lotions
b. Exothermic perm lotions
c. Acid perm lotion
d. Neutralization
2. Self-heating
c. Acid perm lotion
d. Neutralization
3. They use ammonium thioglyocolate, which can be more damaging if used

on the wrong hair texture
c. Acid perm lotion
d. Neutralization
4. The perm lotion deposits hydrogen, which attaches itself to the hair
structure’s disulphide bonds.
a. Moulding
b. Softening
c. Fixing
d. Neutralization
5. Are ideal if you have curly or frizzy hair that just won’t quit and you want
smooth results without the work of using flat irons and styling products at
home.
a. Hot Oil Treatment
b. Scalp Treatment
c. Moisture Treatment
d. Keratin Treatment
54
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
ANSWER KEY 1.1-2
1. C
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. D
55
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
“TOOL, SUPPLIES AND MATERIALS”
INTRODUCTION
A beauty salon is an establishment that provides women with services to

improve their beauty, such as hairdressing, manicuring, facial treatment,
and massage. So if you are already planning to start your own beauty salon,
you need to stop and go through my list of equipment and supplies that are
essential for a salon. You should know that having the right equipment is
what guarantees full customer satisfaction and also builds a good
patronage. The beauty industry is getting bigger by the day. A beauty salon
is very lucrative.
Of course, your first move before delving into any business is to come up
with a good master plan. Research your market and draw up a business
plan, and then find a good location for your business. To ensure that the
salon runs efficiently, you will also need some essential equipment, supplies
and furniture for your beauty salon. A number of things go into establishing
a good salon; from basic things like scissors and combs to large furniture
like salon chairs and trolleys. You can purchase these supplies from a
wholesaler but only as much as you need and later, you can add extra
supplies according to your requirement. Before buying your equipment and
supplies, you should bear in mind the number of customers you want to
attend to at a time and the number of workers that you are planning to
56
employ.
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
COMBS AND BRUSHES
You need to have the right hair brushes and hairdressing combs in your
beauty salon. Here is a list:
Square Brush
Rattail Comb
57
Wide-Toothed Comb
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Tail-End Comb
Round Brush
58
Page
Two Vent Brushes
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Paddle Brush
Thermal Brush
59
Teasing Brush
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
ELECTRONIC GROOMING EQUIPMENT
You can ask your hairstylist for suggestions and recommendations on the
types of scissors and clippers that they would like to use. Here is a sample
list:
Trimming Scissors
Barber Scissors
60
Ridged Curling Iron

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Hair Clippers
Curling Iron
61
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Hair Straightener
62
Big Barrel Curler

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Curling Comb Hair Dryer
HAIR STYLING TOOLS
To keep up with the different hair styling demands of your customers, you
will need the latest hair styling tools. Always check some hair styling
magazines to get an idea about the latest styling tools that are used in this
business, but here is a sample list:
63
Blow Dryers
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Diffusers
64
Hair Curlers
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Hot Rollers
OTHER SUPPLIES
The other supplies that you would require for your hair salon include:
Hair Clips Mixing Bowls & Applicator Brush

65
Aprons Water Sprayers

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Paper Towels Handheld Mirrors
Rubber Gloves Plastic Gloves
66
Page
Hair Steamers/Hair Processors
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Hood Dryers
67
Shampoo Chair & Bowl

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
PROFESSIONAL HAIR CARE PRODUCTS
Shampoos
Conditioners
68
Hair Straightening And Perming Kits

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Styling Gels
Serums
69
Mousse
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Hair Colors
Hair Dyes
70
Hair Extensions
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Wigs
FURNITURES
HAIR STYLING CHAIRS: This is the most basic furniture that you will
require for your hair salon. You will find a variety of hair styling chairs that
71
comes in different colors and forms.

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
HAIR STYLING STATION: A hair styling station should include a mirror,
storage drawers, tool compartments or tool holders and an electrical outlet.
There are various designs and amenities provided with the hair styling
station that you can choose from.
CARTS AND TROLLEYS: This very important furniture equipment allows

hairstylist have all the styling tools right next to them while attending to a
client. It enables easy storage and portability of the styling tools and keeps
72
you organized.
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
RECEPTION DESK: The first place that your clients see is the reception
area. So you will need a reception desk that is stylish. You can choose a
large or a small reception desk; it depends on the layout of your salon, the
size of your business and your budget.
WAITING AREA CHAIRS: You may not be able to attend to every client
simultaneously. Clients might need to wait few minutes before their
preferred stylist is free, hence the need for waiting area chairs for such
clients. Waiting area seats can be either chairs or a couch, depending on
73
your budget.
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
NB: This list will periodically be updated so try to follow this blog by clicking
the follow button and you too can add to this list on your comment.
SOURCE
https://moinsights.wordpress.com/2013/09/01/list-of-equipment-for-
opening-your-own-beauty-salon/
74
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
SELF CHECK 1.2-1
Identify the following
1. 5.
2. 6.
3. 7.
4. 8.
75
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
ANSWER KEY 1.2-1
1. Round brush
2. Hot curlers
3. Hair clips
4. Hair styling chair
5. Shampoo chair and bowl
6. Apron
7. Hair Clipper
8. Paddle brush
76
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
TASK SHEET 1.2-1
Title: Apply shampoo and/or conditioner on the client
Performance Objective: Given the materials and area that has already been
identified, you must be able to apply shampoo
and/or conditioner on the client
Tools, Equipment & Materials: shampoo, shampoo chair and bowl, towel,
water
Steps/Procedure:
1. Pick the right shampoo for the clients’ hair type

If you don’t pick the right shampoo, you might end up doing more
damage to your hair than good.
 If you have fine hair, (aka if you can barely see or feel a single hair
between your fingertips) you’ll want to use a gentle clarifying
shampoo.
 If you have thick or coarse hair, look for something with
moisturizing qualities.
 If you have color-treated hair, look for something color-safe that
won’t strip your hair dye every time you wash it.
 For bleached hair, look for a clarifying shampoo to prevent
unwanted yellow tone
2. Wash hair in the shampoo bowl; make sure to apply proper draping.
3. Use the amount of shampoo recommended on the bottle (usually
about the size of a quarter).
4. Spread it evenly on the ends of the hair. For long hair, spread it from
chin level and down. Don’t apply shampoo to the scalp.
5. Run your fingers or a wide-tooth comb through the ends of the hair to
work in the shampoo.
6. Let it stay on your hair for a moment, following instructions on the
label. This is typically 1 minute.
7. Thoroughly rinse off the shampoo.
Assessment Method: Observation and oral questioning

77
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Performance Criteria Checklist 1.2-1
CRITERIA
Did you…. YES NO
Pick the right shampoo for the clients’ hair type

Wash hair in the shampoo bowl; make sure to apply
proper draping
Use the amount of shampoo recommended on the bottle
Spread it evenly on the ends of the hair. For long hair,
spread it from chin level and down
Run your fingers or a wide-tooth comb through the ends
of the hair to work in the shampoo
Let it stay on your hair for a moment, following
instructions on the label. This is typically 1 minute
Thoroughly rinse off the shampoo
78
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
TASK SHEET 1.3-1
Title: Blow Dry Hair
identified, you must be able to blow dry hair
Tools, Equipment & Materials: comb, blow dryer
Steps/Procedure:
1. Choose the best dryer. You will want a blow dryer that has a
variety of heat and air settings so you can control the look.
Temperature will affect the shape of the hair, while airflow will help set
a style.
 Most hair dryers come with an assortment of attachments. Use a
diffuser nozzle if the client has curly hair. A concentrator nozzle
will help you direct the flow of air so you can dry specific
sections, like bangs or roots, without affecting the rest of the
hair.
 You may also consider using a diffuser if the clients have curly
hair and want to keep it curly. However, this is not a good option
if the client plan to straighten her hair after you blow dry it.
2. Select a medium or low heat for the hair dryer. Higher heats can
cause damage and make hair frizzy, so it is usually best to start on a
lower setting and increase the temperature gradually. Don't use the
cold setting though, or it will set her hair into place!
 Using her hair dryer without an attachment can cause damage to
her hair. The air that comes directly from the hair dryer is often
too hot. Use those attachments for happy, healthy hair!
3. Separate a section of the loose hanging hair with your

hairbrush. Remove any hair clips from that section you may have been
using. If you are using a round brush, you can even wrap this section
of her hair around the brush. Start at the back of her head if you are
using a round brush.
4. Pull on the brush to keep her hair taut. Most people find that it is
easiest to manage their hair when it is pulled at a slight downward
79
angle. This will help her hair dry faster and prevent frizziness.
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
5. Aim your blow dryer at the segment her hair on the brush.
Continue slowly brushing that segment as you dry it. If you point your
dryer nozzle at a downward angle, you will help smooth and shine the
hair. Continue this process for all of the hair on the sides and back of
her head.
6. Gather and bind the dry hair from the sides and back of the
head. Twist them into a clip or bun to create a wavy effect.
Alternatively, you can tie them into a loose ponytail to help straighten
your hair.
7. Remove the clip holding the hair on the top of the head. Allow it
to fall forward over her face. Keep the wet hair on the top of her head
from mixing with the hair you just dried.
8. Pull the hair from the top of her head forward using the brush.
Extend her hair outward, above her forehead for easiest access. Try to
keep her wet hair from mingling with the hair that you have already
dried.
9. Target the roots of the hair on the top of the head with the blow
dryer. Use high heat to quickly raise the roots. This will help add
volume to her hair.
10. Pull the hair forward with the brush as you target it with the
dryer. Slowly unfurl hair as you dry it from root to end. Repeat this
process until hair is dry to the touch.
 Remember that you should continue to hold the hair dryer so
that it blows air on your hair at a downward angle. This will help
your hair maintain a smooth and glossy look.
Assessment Method: Observation and oral questioning 80
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
CRITERIA
Did you…. YES NO
Choose the best dryer

Select a medium or low heat for the hair dryer
Separate a section of the loose hanging hair with your
hairbrush
Pull on the brush to keep her hair taut
Aim your blow dryer at the segment her hair on the brush
Gather and bind the dry hair from the sides and back of
the head
Remove the clip holding the hair on the top of the head
Pull the hair from the top of her head forward using the
brush
Target the roots of the hair on the top of the head with the
blow dryer
Pull the hair forward with the brush as you target it with
the dryer
81
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
82
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
“ANALYZING HAIR AND SCALP CONDITION”
INTRODUCTION
There are a number of medical conditions that are related to the scalp. Most
of these are conditions that result in hair loss or some type of skin rash.
Many scalp conditions are hereditary, but some may be caused by
malnutrition or an infection. The treatment and outlook depends on the
condition causing the scalp problems.
TYPES OF SCALP CONDITIONS
Most scalp conditions lead to hair loss or some type of skin rash. Many are
hereditary. Malnutrition or infection can also cause scalp conditions. The
treatment and your outlook depend on the condition that’s causing the scalp
problems.
There are many different types of scalp conditions, resulting from a variety
of causes. Here’s a list of 15 possible scalp conditions.
 You may notice a large amount of hair in the drain after you wash
your hair.
 You may find clumps of hair in your brush.
 Hair that falls out easily with gentle pulling may be a sign of hair loss.
 Thinning patches of hair may also indicate hair loss.
83
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
 Hair loss at the temples of the head is a possible sign of male pattern
baldness.
 Some with male pattern baldness develop a bald spot or hairline that
recedes to form an ―M‖ shape.
 This common and self-limiting skin condition is seen in infants and

young children between the ages of 3 weeks and 12 months.
 It’s painless and non-itchy.
 Yellowish, greasy scales appear on the scalp and forehead that flake
off.
 It usually doesn’t require medical treatment and will go away on its
84
own in 6 months.
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
 Psoriasis typically results in scaly, silvery, sharply defined skin
patches.
 It’s commonly located on the scalp, elbows, knees, and lower back.
 It may be itchy or asymptomatic (producing or showing no symptoms).
85
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
 This is a fungal infection that affects your scalp and hair shafts.
 Itchy, flaky patches appear on the scalp.
 Brittle hair, hair loss, scalp pain, low fever, swollen lymph nodes are
other possible symptoms.
 Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is caused by an inappropriate immune

response to the thyroid gland.
 Low thyroid hormone causes symptoms of decreased metabolism.
 Symptoms include thinning hair, sluggishness, fatigue, and
hoarseness.
 Other symptoms include constipation, high cholesterol, depression,
86
and lower body muscle weakness.

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
 Alopecia areata is a skin condition that causes the immune system to
mistakenly attack hair follicles, resulting in hair loss.
 Hair loss occurs randomly all over the scalp or other parts of the body
in small, smooth, quarter-sized patches that may combine into larger
areas.
 Hair loss is often not permanent, but hair may grow back slowly or fall
out again after regrowth.
 A louse is about the size of a sesame seed. Both lice and their eggs
(nits) may be visible in the hair.
 Extreme scalp itchiness can be caused by an allergic reaction to louse
bites.
87
 Sores may appear on your scalp from scratching.

 You may feel like something is crawling on your scalp.
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
 Bamboo hair is a defect in the structure of hair that results in brittle
or fragile hair strands that break easily.
 It leads to sparse hair growth, and eyelash or eyebrow loss.
 Hair strands have a dry, knotty appearance.
 It’s a common symptom of Netherton’s syndrome.
 This uncommon disorder may affect the skin, oral cavity, scalp, nails,
genitals, or esophagus.
 Lesions develop and spread over the course of several weeks or a few
months.
 Itchy, purplish-colored lesions or bumps with flat tops appear that
may be covered by thin, white lines.
 Lacy-white lesions in the mouth occur that may be painful or cause a
burning sensation.
 Blisters that burst and become scabby are another possible symptom.
88
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
 This autoimmune disease is characterized by changes in the texture
and appearance of the skin due to increased collagen production.
 Skin thickening and shiny areas develop around the mouth, nose,
fingers, and other bony areas.
 Symptoms include swelling fingers, small, dilated blood vessels under
the skin’s surface, calcium deposits under the skin, and difficulty
swallowing.
 Spasms of the blood vessels in the fingers and toes cause these digits
to turn white or blue in the cold.
 This disease occurs when the immune cells within a bone marrow
graft don’t match the recipient’s cells, causing the donor cells to
attack the recipient’s cells.
 The most commonly involved organs are the skin, gastrointestinal
tract, and liver.
 Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramping, diarrhea, bloody stools, and
89
dark urine are other possible symptoms.

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
 This parasitic disease is caused by the Leishmania parasite, which
infects sand flies.
 The sand flies that carry the parasite typically reside in tropical and
subtropical environments in Asia, East Africa, and South America.
 Leishmaniasis comes in three forms: cutaneous, visceral, and
mucocutaneous.
 It causes multiple crusting skin lesions.
Types of scalp conditions

Conditions that lead to hair loss
One of the most common types of scalp condition involves hair loss or
damage. This can range from a complete loss of hair to easy breakages or
small patches of hair loss:
 Male pattern baldness is common in men and occurs because of
genetics and male sex hormones.
 Alopecia areata is a chronic autoimmune disorder that results in a
patchy balding pattern.
 Nutritional deficiencies can cause hair loss, including protein
deficiency or iron deficiency anemia.
 Three thyroid conditions can lead to hair loss:
o hyperthyroidism, which is an overproduction of thyroid
90
hormone
Page
o hypothyroidism, or an underactive thyroid
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
o Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, an autoimmune disease in which the
immune system attacks the thyroid gland
 Hypopituitarism, or an underactive pituitary gland, can cause hair
loss.
 Lichen planus is a skin condition that can cause discoloration of the
scalp, as well as hair loss.
 Celiac disease is an autoimmune disease that leads to damage in the
small intestine when gluten is ingested. Hair loss due to
malabsorption of nutrients may result.
 Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disorder with hair
loss as one of its symptoms.
 Trichorrhexis nodosa occurs when hair shafts break easily. It’s
normally due to genetics, but it can also be the result of certain
disorders.
 Some women notice hair loss after giving birth, which is due to the
drop in hormones like estrogen. (Hair growth returns within a few
months.)
 Stress can lead to hair loss.
 Certain medications, such as birth control pills, blood thinners, and
some of the ones that treat arthritis, depression, gout, heart
conditions, and high blood pressure, can lead to hair loss.
 Eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia can lead to hair loss.
 Some people experience temporary hair loss after an extreme weight
loss of 15 pounds or more.
In addition, certain chemicals and tools people use for styling hair can lead
to hair loss and damage to your scalp.
Skin conditions of the scalp

Other conditions affect the scalp because they’re skin conditions or they
cause skin rashes:
 Seborrheic eczema, or dermatitis, is a common inflammatory skin
condition that causes flaky, scaly patches on the skin, especially the
scalp. When those flakes fall off, it’s called dandruff.
 Cradle cap is seborrheic eczema in infants.
91
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
 Psoriasis is a common inflammatory skin condition. In many cases, it
affects the scalp, which develops red, scaly, dry patches.
 Ringworm, or tinea capitis, is a fungal skin infection that produces
ring-like patches. It’s common in children.
 Scleroderma is a rare disease of the skin and connective tissue. It
causes skin to develop patches that are tight and hard.
 Ito syndrome, or incontinentia pigmenti achromians, is a rare birth
defect that causes light patches of skin to develop on the body.
 Graft-versus-host disease is a potential complication after having a
bone marrow or stem cell transplant. A skin rash may form when the
host rejects the transplanted tissue.
 Leishmaniasis is a tropical parasite that sand flies spread. It can
cause skin lesions.
Other health problems that affect the scalp

Other health problems that affect the scalp include the following:
 Lice are small insects that infest the hair and scalp.
 Head trauma can refer to any accident that causes skull fractures or
cuts on the scalp.
 Temporal arteritis occurs when arteries that supply the head with
blood are inflamed or damaged. It results in a sensitive scalp.
Outlook for people with scalp conditions
The outlook for many people with scalp conditions is good.
Medications that slow hair growth or regrow hair are somewhat successful,
and wigs are always an option if medications are not effective in treating the
scalp condition.
You can get treatment for and eliminate the scalp conditions that occur due
to infections.
Although some other scalp conditions aren’t curable, treatment can

successfully help you manage your symptoms.
SOURCE
https://www.healthline.com/health/scalp-conditions
92
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
SELF CHECK 2.1-1
1. A common inflammatory skin condition. In many cases, it affects the

scalp, which develops red, scaly, dry patches.
a. Psoriasis
b. Ringworm
c. Eczema
d. Arteritis
2. Comes in three forms: cutaneous, visceral, and mucocutaneous

a. Scleroderma
b. Leishmaniasis
c. Graft-versus-host disease
d. Lichen planus
3. This uncommon disorder may affect the skin, oral cavity, scalp, nails,
genitals, or esophagus
a. Scleroderma
b. Leishmaniasis
c. Graft-versus-host disease
d. Lichen planus
4. A defect in the structure of hair that results in brittle or fragile hair

strands that break easily.
a. Scleroderma
b. Leishmaniasis
c. Bamboo hair
d. Lichen planus
5. This autoimmune disease is characterized by changes in the texture and

appearance of the skin due to increased collagen production.
a. Scleroderma
b. Leishmaniasis
c. Bamboo hair
d. Lichen planus
6. Skin condition that causes the immune system to mistakenly attack hair
follicles, resulting in hair loss.
a. Scleroderma
b. Alopecia areata
c. Bamboo hair
d. Lichen planus
93
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
ANSWER KEY 2.1-1
1. A
2. B
3. D
4. C
5. A
6. B
94
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
“PROTECTIVE CLOTHING”
INTRODUCTION
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is used in almost every work

environment on campus. The following pages are intended to help users
learn about the different types of PPE, how to determine which PPE is right
for your work tasks and how to select and care for your PPE.
Eye and Face Protection

Selecting the most suitable eye and face protection should take into
consideration the following elements:
 Ability to protect against specific workplace hazards

 Should fit properly and be reasonably comfortable to wear
 Should provide unrestricted vision and movement
 Should be durable and cleanable
 Should allow unrestricted functioning of any other required PPE
Safety Glasses Safety glasses have safety frames constructed of metal or plastic
and impact-resistant lenses. Side protection is required.
Chemical Splash Goggles Tight fitting eye protection that completely covers the eyes, eye
sockets and facial area surrounding the eyes. Provides protection
from impact, dust and splashes.
Dust Goggles Dust goggles, sometimes called direct ventilated goggles, are tight
fitting eye protection designed to resist the passage of large
particles into the goggles.
95
Fluid Resistant Shields These shields are fluid resistant or impervious and provide splash
protection from biological material, such as human or non-human
Page
primate body fluids.
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Face Shields These shields extend from the eyebrows to below the chin and
across the width of the employee’s head.
Laser Eyewear Protective eyewear is required for Class 3 and 4 laser use where
irradiation of the eye is possible.
What Type of Eye Protection Should I Wear for Various

Hazards?
Chemicals Hazardous* dry Safety glasses Eye protection is required when

chemicals and small working with chemicals on the
amounts of hazardous bench or in a fume hood
liquid chemicals
Hazardous* chemicals Chemical
that pose a splash splash goggles
hazard
Cryogenic liquids Chemical
splash goggles
and a face
shield
Highly reactive or Chemical Blast shield recommended
explosive materials splash goggles
and a face
shield
Pyrophoric solids or Chemicals
liquids splash goggles
Hand and Arm Protection

Potential hazards to hands and arms include skin absorption of harmful
substances, chemical or thermal burns, electrical dangers, bruises,
abrasions, cuts, punctures, fractures or amputations. Protective equipment
includes gloves, finger guards and arm coverings.
Types of Protective Gloves

There are many types of gloves available today to protect against a wide
variety of hazards. The nature of the hazard and the operation involved will
affect the selection of gloves. The variety of potential occupational hand
injuries makes selecting the right pair of gloves challenging. In general,
gloves fall into the following four categories:
1. Leather, Canvas or Metal Mesh Gloves: These types of gloves protect

against cuts, burns and punctures.
2. Fabric and Coated Fabric Gloves: These types of gloves are made of
cotton or other fabric. They generally protect against dirt, chafing and
abrasions.
3. Insulating rubber gloves: These gloves are used for protection
96
against electrical hazards. For more information on insulating rubber

gloves for electrical work, see Electrical Safety Protective Methods
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
4. Chemical and liquid resistant gloves: When working with chemicals
with a high acute toxicity, working with corrosive materials in high
concentrations, handling chemicals for extended periods of time or
immersing all or part of a hand into a chemical, the appropriate glove
material should be selected, based on chemical compatibility. The
following table includes major glove types and their general uses. This
list is not exhaustive. For more information on chemical resistant
glove selection, see PPE for Chemical Hazards or the Safety Data
Sheet for a particular substance.
Protective Clothing
There are many varieties of protective clothing available for specific hazards.
Examples of the body/skin protection include laboratory coats, coveralls,
vests, jackets, aprons, surgical gowns and full body suits. Uniforms, caps,
or other clothing worn solely to identify a person as an employee would not
be considered PPE.
Occupational Health
Occupational Health, also known as Industrial Hygiene, is a discipline that
focuses on minimizing the risk of exposure to hazardous substances in the
work place. This is accomplished through anticipating, recognizing,
evaluating, controlling, and preventing health hazards that may affect
workers and others members of the University community.
The Occupational Health Group provides various industrial hygiene services

to the University community, including chemical and biological exposure
assessments, indoor air quality investigations, respirator evaluations and fit
tests, noise surveys, and administration of the Lead and Asbestos programs.
SOURCE
https://ehs.princeton.edu/workplace-construction/workplace-
safety/personal-protective-equipment-ppe 97
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
SELF CHECK 2.1-2
1. These types of gloves protect against cuts, burns and punctures.

a. Leather, Canvas or Metal Mesh Gloves
b. Fabric and Coated Fabric Gloves
c. Insulating rubber gloves
d. Chemical and liquid resistant gloves
2. These types of gloves are made of cotton or other fabric. They generally
protect against dirt, chafing and abrasions.
3. These gloves are used for protection against electrical hazards.

4) Working with corrosive materials in high concentrations, handling

chemicals for extended periods of time or immersing all or part of a hand
into a chemical, the appropriate glove material should be selected, based on
chemical compatibility, then this type of gloves is use
98
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
ANSWER KEY 2.1-2
1. These types of gloves protect against cuts, burns and punctures.
2. These types of gloves are made of cotton or other fabric. They generally
protect against dirt, chafing and abrasions.
3. These gloves are used for protection against electrical hazards.

4) Working with corrosive materials in high concentrations, handling

chemicals for extended periods of time or immersing all or part of a hand
into a chemical, the appropriate glove material should be selected, based on
chemical compatibility, then this type of gloves is use
99
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
“SUPPLIES/MATERIALS AND HAIR TREATMENT
PRODUCT”
INTRODUCTION
How? We send label-masked products to a panel of thousands of women

across the country who use them in their day-to-day life and evaluate them
on everything from performance to packaging to scent. Then, in the Beauty
Lab, GH scientists and chemists use tools to scientifically measure the
products' efficacy, like an Instron machine, that lets us gauge a product's
conditioning capacity and a swatch-wash station to calculate a shampoo's
ability to cleanse or protect against color fade. We also have weathering
procedures to mimic hair exposure to UV light and heat styling and an
environmental chamber to expose hair to high levels of humidity to test
frizz-fighting claims.
BioRenew Hydrate Coconut Milk Shampoo and Conditioner
100
Moisture Co-Wash Whipped Cleansing Conditioner

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Fructis Style Smooth Blow Dry Anti-Frizz Cream
Inforcer Brush Proof Anti-Breakage Detangling Spray
101
Bain Densifique Shampoo and Conditioner

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
The Double Shot Blow-Dryer Brush
Keratin Smooth Color Shampoo and Conditioner
102
Fructis Full and Plush Shampoo and Conditioner

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Royal Oils Deep Moisture Masque
Nutritive Solutions Daily Moisture Shampoo
103
Pro-V Sheer Volume Foam Conditioner

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Refresh Dry Shampoo Foam
Nice 'N Easy Permanent Hair Color
104
Page
Whole Blends Oat Delicacy Gentle Detangling Hair Milk
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Well Behaved Anti-Frizz Cream Serum
Kerasilk Control Rich Protective Oil
105
Advanced Hairstyle Blow Dry It Quick Dry Primer Spray

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Prêt-à-Powder
106
Frizz Defy Anti-Frizz Sheets

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Aluminum Foil
Tissue Paper
Cling Wrap
107
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Silicon Brush
Essential of Hair Care Cosmetics

Hair is a complex structure composed by many components that act as a
unit, with the biological purpose of protecting the scalp, as well as physical
attractiveness to the self-perception of beauty. Nowadays, hair care and
style play a very important role in people’s lives, both for men and women,
so knowledge of hair products, mode of action, efficacy, ingredients and hair
procedures has become more relevant in dermatologists’ medical practice.
The amount of money spent to enhance the hair beauty is an indication of
how much attention is given today to the hair appearance. On the other
hand, these data are emphasized in patients suffering from hair disease.
Hair cosmetics are also an important tool for increasing patient’s adhesion
to scalp treatments, according to the diversity of hair types and ethnicity.
Trueb described them as ―preparations intended for placing in contact with

the hair and scalp, with the purpose of cleansing, promoting attractiveness,
altering appearance, and/or protecting them in order to maintain them in
good condition‖.
Hair cosmetics can be distinguished into two main categories:

1. Cosmetics with temporary effect on the hair, for example shampoos,
conditioners, sprays, and temporary colors; and
2. Cosmetics that produce permanent effect on the hair shaft, such as
108
permanent waves, relaxers, bleaches and permanent colors.

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Shampoos
Shampoos are the most commonly prescribed treatment for hair and scalp.
In the past, soap was the only available cleanser for the hair, while the
introduction of the first non-alkaline shampoo date back to 1933 [2].
The modern society requires many features in a formulation: a shampoo has
primarily to clean the scalp and the hair, but also has to be cosmetically
pleasing, not dry out the hair, not irritate the skin, improve hair
beautification, and be less expensive.
A shampoo consists of 10–30 ingredients, classified according to their

different activities.
These ingredients include:

(1) cleansing agents, called surfactants, that remove sebum or skin scale;
(2) conditioning agents that give softness to the hair;
(3) active ingredients, for treating specific disease s like dandruff; and
(4) additives, such as preservatives, that contribute to the stability and
comfort of the product. Every ingredient is tested, officially approved and
declared on the label.
Conditioners
Most of the shampoos contain conditioning agents, but consumers often
apply a conditioner after shampooing, to minimize hair frizzing, increasing
manageability and gloss of the hair. A conditioner can therefore be used to
reduce a chemical or mechanical trauma of the hair, such as permanent
dyes, bleaching, and excessive brushing.
SOURCE
https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/beauty/hair/g28799272/best-hair-
products/
109
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
SELF CHECK 2.2-1
1. Cosmetics with temporary effect on the hair, for example shampoos,

conditioners, sprays, and temporary colors
a. True
b. False
2. Shampoos are the most commonly prescribed treatment for hair and
scalp
a. True
b. False
3. Hair is a complex structure composed by many components that act as a

unit, with the biological purpose of protecting the scalp
a. True
b. False
4. Shampoos are cleansing agents, called surfactants, that remove sebum or

skin scale
a. True
b. False
5. A conditioner can therefore be used to reduce a chemical or mechanical

trauma of the hair, such as permanent dyes, bleaching, and excessive
brushing.
a. True
b. False
110
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
ANSWER KEY 2.2-1
1. A
2. A
3. A
4. A
5. A
111
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
TASK SHEET 2.2-1
Title: How To Do Hair Spa Treatment
identified, you must be able to do hair spa
treatment
Tools, Equipment & Materials: hair and scalp treatment supllies and
materials necessary to complete the task
Steps/Procedure:
1. Massage Hair and Scalp With Oil.
Start with an oil massage to nourish the hair and stimulate the blood flow to
the scalp. You can choose any hair oil of your choice for this hair massage.
Olive oil, sweet almond oil, coconut oil, etc. are great options since they are
good for hair and are easily available in the market. The healthy fats and the
nutrients in these oils help nourish the hair. Gentle head massage helps in
relaxing you and reduces stress, which is also a cause of hair issues such as
hair fall.
2. Steam Hair Either With a Steamer or Towel.

The next step is to use steam to make the nutrients from the oil penetrate
your hair cuticle properly. You can use a steamer if you have one to blow a
little bit of steam to your hair. Alternatively, you can dip a towel in a bowl of
hot water, squeeze out the excess and wrap it around your head. If the towel
feels cold, you can dip it in hot water again and repeat. Limit the amount of
time to 10-15 minutes to steam your hair and move to the next step.
3. Shampoo Hair to Wash Out the Oil.

Now, it is time to wash and clean your hair. Ideally, you should use a
112
sulphate-free shampoo to wash hair.
4. Deep condition With Hair Spa Cream.

Page
This is the most important step of any hair spa treatment
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
5. Final Rinse.
The last step is to rinse your hair with a mild shampoo. You can use your
regular conditioner after shampoo if you feel like. Do not rub your hair with a
towel or blow dry them. Let them dry naturally. You can follow up with a
leave-in conditioner to smooth out and protect the hair from damage caused
by pollution.
You are now done with your hair spa therapy.

113
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
CRITERIA
Did you…. YES NO
Massage Your Hair and Scalp With Oil

Steam Hair Either With a Steamer or Towel
Shampoo Hair to Wash Out the Oil
Deep condition With Hair Spa Cream
Final Rinse
114
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
115
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
“CONDITION AND TYPE OF HAIR”
INTRODUCTION
Let’s start here: Your hair is beautiful.
It may soak up your time and money. It may morph the moment you step
out into actual weather. It may dramatically defy what other people say
―good hair‖ should do. Never mind all that.
Whether fine, thick, long, short, matte, glossy, curly, coily, or straight, your
hair deserves respect. Get to know your hair’s curl patterns, its porosity,
density, and styling needs because healthy self-care includes your hair.
What does hair type mean?

Your hair type is primarily based on your hair’s curl pattern. The amount of
curl in your hair is determined by your hair follicle. The shape of your
follicle determines whether your hair is:
 straight
 wavy
 curly
116
 coily
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
The more oval or asymmetrical your follicle is, the curlier your hair will be.
You can alter your curl pattern with heat or chemicals, and your curl
pattern can changed somewhat by hormones or medications you’re taking,
but your basic curl pattern is in your DNA.
Every time your hair goes through its growth cycle, those genetic
characteristics are reasserted.
What types of hair are there?

Andre Walker, known for decades as Oprah Winfrey’s stylist, is credited with
devising a system that classifies hair according to one of four curl patterns:
These types are further divided into subcategories based on the tightness or
looseness of the curls and coils. It may sound simple, but like most attempts
to define human characteristics, it isn’t.
You could have type 4C at your crown and 4A at your temples. Your hair
could be straight at the root and wavy at the ends. The key is to understand
what each type needs so you can style it well and keep it healthy.
How to style and care for your hair type

Type 1: Straight
Type 1 hair has no natural curl. The individual strands may be fine or
coarse, thick or thin, but they fall without waving from root to tip.
Type 1 hair has a tendency to become oily, so many stylists recommend that
you check the label to be sure the product you’re buying isn’t going to add
extra oil to your hair.
117
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Stylist Kristi Lovelace also suggests avoiding heavy serums or butters. ―With
straight or fine hair, I’d recommend texture sprays instead. Dry shampoos
are also a good idea,‖ she said.
Washing your hair too often can cause your scalp to overproduce oils, so dry
shampoo is a boon for people with straight, oily hair.
Lovelace says most women come into salons with Instagram or Pinterest
photos of the style they want.
―I usually recommend styles based more on face shape than on hair type,‖
she said. ―One style that’s really popular right now is a chin-length blunt
cut, which works really well with straight hair.‖
Type 2: Wavy hair
Type 2A
The natural state of type 2 hair is a gentle, tousled texture. From the roots
to around eye level, your hair is fairly straight. And from eye level to the
ends, you have a loose, undefined wave.
To keep from flattening out that wave, steer clear of oil-based or creamy
products. Instead, stylists recommend that you boost the base with a light
mousse or use a gel to define those waves.
Type 2B
As with 2A, type 2B hair curls from the midpoint to the ends. The curls have
a more defined S shape. It may require a little more effort to straighten, but
it’s easy to create that beachy look with a spritz of salt spray.
Type 2B is ideal for the balayage trend, where stylists hand-paint color on
the outer layer of hair.
―When people come in with pictures of balayage,‖ Lovelace said, ―the photo
118
is always going to show wavy hair because when that hair curls around, it’s
getting dimension from the back side. People with wavy hair don’t have to go
Page
out of their way to style this look.‖
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Type 2C
The most well-defined S-shaped waves are type 2C. The wave pattern may
begin close to the crown and tumble downward. Type 2C hair is often thick
and can be prone to frizz in damp weather.
Lovelace recommends using a diffuser, a toothy devise that snaps onto the
end of your blow dryer and helps eliminate the frizz.
―I am a huge advocate for products, especially where you’ve got

environmental factors like hard water and salt water,‖ Lovelace said. ―Anti-
humidity products are huge.‖
People with 2C hair may be frustrated with alternating between daily

straightening, which can damage hair, and trying to find ways to enhance
and control their waves. The good news is that many lightweight mousses
now contain anti-humidity ingredients along with moisture.
Type 3: Curly
Type 3A
With type 3A hair, S-shaped curls form loose loops. The curls have a
circumference a little wider than the large end of a taper candle. One
important styling note: Brushing this type of hair can wreck curl definition
and lead to a frizzy mane.
Silvana Castillo, master stylist and founder of The Curl Whisperer, a Miami
salon specializing in hair types 3 and 4, recommends styles and products
that define natural curl. Her best advice? Lose the ponytail.
―It’s OK if you’re on the way to the gym,‖ Castillo said, ―or if it’s required for
work. But pulling your hair back into a ponytail causes curls to lose their
formation. And if you keep pulling your hair back into a bun or ponytail, you
will also start to see thinning and hair loss at your hairline.‖
119
That hair loss happens because the weight of the ponytail pulls against the
Page
front of the hair for prolonged periods.
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Type 3B
Type 3B curls have a circumference about as wide as the barrel of a Sharpie
marker. Curls spring from the roots and have ample volume. To maintain
their characteristic spiral shape, these ringlets generally need moisture.
Avoid silicone and sulfates in your curl products, though. They may
temporarily tame frizz, but they can dry hair over time and lead to breakage.
Type 3C
These curls are tight and springy — they would coil perfectly around a
drinking straw. To preserve the definition in these corkscrew curls, take a
hands-on approach.
Instead of combing, which can lead to frizz and breakage, use a leave-in
conditioner and rake through wet hair with your fingertips. The American
Academy of Dermatology recommends that you air-dry instead of using a
blow dryer.
Type 4: Coils
Type 4A
The curl pattern for 4A hair is an S-shaped coil you could wrap around a
chopstick.
―Type 4 hair is the most delicate hair type,‖ Castillo said. ―You have to be
very gentle with it, and it needs a lot of moisture.‖ But getting moisture
doesn’t necessarily mean using oils. Deep conditioning masques, butters,
and creams are good options for preserving hair health.
―We recommend that people wear it loose in wash-and-go styles,‖ she said.
One thing The Curl Whisperer salon doesn’t advocate for is protective styles
120
like weaves and braids.

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Though some stylists swear by styles that allow you to tuck away fragile
ends to protect them while they grow out, Castillo says these styles often do
more harm than good. While the hair is out of sight, it’s also out of reach for
conditioning treatments.
―When you have had your hair in a protective style for weeks, the curl
formation is completely gone. The cuticle is so dry and open that it becomes
like little fish hooks that catch on each other and break when you take out
the braids,‖ Castillo said.
Better to wear it in a style that lets you keep moisturizing.
Type 4B
The curls in 4B hair zig-zag. One popular technique for defining and
accentuating your curls is shingling.
Shingling begins with wet hair. Gently detangle with your fingertips, using
liberal amounts of leave-in conditioner to moisturize and condition. Then
separate your hair into four sections.
Work curling cream or gel down the length of each curl, twisting the strands
around your index finger as you go.
Type 4C
Type 4C coils are the tightest and most fragile. It’s really easy to break them
if you comb roughly or too often, and it’s vital to frequently nourish the hair
with rich conditioners.
Coconut oils are still popular, as are shea butter creams. More people are
ditching shampoo for co-washing, or rinsing the hair with conditioners
instead.
In terms of style, 4C hair is having a moment.

121
―What we’re seeing is the younger generation wants their hair to be bold,‖
Page
Castillo said. ―They want the hair to be big and round, almost like a sun.
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
And they want to experiment with fun colors — always keeping in mind the
health of the hair.‖
Common Hair Conditions and What You Can Do

About Them
At some point in our life we've all had a hair condition that played havoc
with our locks, so THS has put together a guide for the most common hair
conditions and what you can do about them.
Oily Hair
Interestingly there is no such thing as oily hair. It's in fact your scalp that
produces the oil from a gland that's called the sebaceous gland. This gland
manufactures a special natural oil (sebum), which is essential to the
maintenance of a normal skin and hair condition.
What To Do: You should consult with a qualified stylist for proper home hair
care advice that includes the correct shampoo and conditioner.
Dry Hair
Your hair can be dry for a number of reasons. Blow-drying is the big one.
Swimming is another; the sun and wind can dry your hair out also.
What To Do: Use the right shampoo. Dry hair and scalp require a normal to
dry hair shampoo, usually cream or lotion-like in appearance. As well a
proper acid balanced conditioner is essential.
Chemically Dry Hair

Using any chemical in your hair has certain implications, one of them being
a detrimental effect on your hair's condition. All chemical changes require
expert attention at all times. Even a minute of neglect may cause great
damage to the hair.
What To Do: Your hair has no power of self-repair, so once it is damaged,

you will have to wait for new hair growth to restore the hair to its normal
function. Even if your hair is not chemically damaged, it will require special
care and attention to help keep it in good condition.
Dandruff
Dandruff is a condition of the scalp where abnormal numbers of scales from
the outer epidermis are constantly being shed. These thin, powdery scales
lodge in the hair and fall out onto the shoulders. There are different types of
dandruff, which are quite widespread.
122
Common: Dandruff may vary widely in appearance, but the most common
type is that of a simple loss of dry, flat, epithelial scales. The scales are very
Page
difficult to remove by simple brushing or shampooing.
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Oily Type: A more severe case is that of the oily type which has a patchy,
crusting form. These scales are much larger and yellowish in color. If the
crust is lifted from the scalp, the skin underneath is reddened and inflamed.
This type of dandruff is found very often on the scalp of young babies and is
known as cradle cap.
What To Do: It is very important that any dandruff problem is seen early
and treated by a qualified person to avoid a worsening of the condition.
Split Ends
At the ends or tips of the hair shaft the cuticle is often dislodged or broken
away. The cortex is thus open to the drying effects of air, leading to frayed or
split ends. There are many causes for the hair splitting, but all come down
to one common cause. A lack of moisture in the hair shaft.
What to do: The hair needs to be trimmed as quickly as possible.
Iritation
An irritated scalp is most likely the result of an allergic reaction. These
symptoms can include tight sensitive scalp, itchy/sore scalp, some small
white flaking (as a result of scratching), and in some cases, blistering of the
skin. This is very different to dandruff disorders that are formed from things
such as excessive cell production, gland disorders, and bacterial infection.
What to do: The condition should be seen to as quickly as possible to avoid

a worsening of the condition.
Alopecia
Refers to a condition of premature baldness or excessive hair loss. The
natural falling out of hair should not be confused with Alopecia. When hair
has grown to its full length, it comes out by itself and is replaced by a new
hair. In the case of Alopecia, hair loss does not come back unless special
treatments are given to encourage hair growth.
The main reasons responsible for Alopecia includes, poor circulation, lack of
proper stimulation, improper nourishment, certain infectious skin diseases
such as ringworm, or constitutional disorders. Alopecia can also be caused
due to a health disorder such as anemia or by some sort of direct injury to
the nervous system. Since the flow of blood is influenced by the nervous
system, the affected area is usually poorly nourished. There are different
forms of Alopecia, the most common one being where the hair is falling out
in round patches or spots. Theses areas of baldness can vary in size and
shape from a few inches to 3 or 4 inches in diameter.
What to do: The treatment for Alopecia is mostly directed in the stimulation
123
of the blood supply, and in reviving the hair papilla or hair bulb. This is
mostly done externally with injections into the scalp with cortisone or other
chemical enhances.
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
SOURCE
https://www.healthline.com/health/beauty-skin-care/types-of-
hair#porosity-and-density
https://www.thehairstyler.com/features/articles/hair-care/common-hair-
conditions
124
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
SELF CHECK 3.1-1
1. This is very different to dandruff disorders that are formed from things
such as excessive cell production, gland disorders, and bacterial infection.
a. Dandruff
b. Split Ends
c. Irritation
d. Alopecia
2. Refers to a condition of premature baldness or excessive hair loss

a. Dandruff
b. Split Ends
c. Irritation
d. Alopecia
3. The cortex is thus open to the drying effects of air, leading to frayed or
split ends.
a. Dandruff
b. Split Ends
c. Irritation
d. Alopecia
4. A condition of the scalp where abnormal numbers of scales from the outer
epidermis are constantly being shed
a. Dandruff
b. Split Ends
c. Irritation
d. Alopecia
5. Dandruff may vary widely in appearance, but the most common type is
that of a simple loss of dry, flat, epithelial scales.
a. True
b. False
6. This gland manufactures a special natural oil (sebum), which is essential

to the maintenance of a normal skin and hair condition.
a. Dry Hair
b. Oily Hair
c. Chemically Dry Hair
d. Common Hair
7. Blow-drying is the big one. Swimming is another; the sun and wind can
dry your hair out also.
a. Dry Hair
125
b. Oily Hair
c. Chemically Dry Hair
d. Common Hair
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
ANSWER KEY 3.1-1
1. C
2. D
3. B
4. A
5. A
6. B
7. A
126
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
TASK SHEET 3.1-1
Title: How To Do Hair Perming
identified, you must be able to do hair perming
Tools, Equipment & Materials: hair perming supplies and materials

necessary to complete the task
STEPS/PROCEDURE:
Method 1: Preparing and sectioning hair
1. Wash your hair with a clarifying shampoo.

This will remove any oil or residue and give you a clean base to work on. Do
not use any conditioner, however, or the perm solution won't set properly.
Once you’ve washed your hair, pat it dry with a soft towel or old T-shirt.
2. Wrap a towel around your neck, then put on a plastic cape and gloves.
You do not want to get the perm solution on your skin, so you’ll have to take
extra precautions. Wrap a towel around your neck first, then put on a plastic
cape, like what you'd use for dyeing hair. Finally, pull on a pair of plastic or
vinyl gloves.
3. Split your hair into 3 sections, with a middle and 2 sides.

Use the handle of a rat-tail comb to create 2 side parts, 1 on each side of your
forehead. Make the middle section start at your forehead and end at your
nape. Twist the 2 side sections into buns to keep them out of the way.
 The middle section needs to be a little narrower than your rod. How
many inches or centimeters wide this is will vary.
 Consider splitting the top section in half at the back of your crown,
then twisting the top/front section into a bun as well.
Method 2: Wrapping your hair
1. Take a thin strand of hair from the middle section.

Use the handle of a rat-tail comb to separate a thin strand of hair from the
middle section. Pull it taut so that it is perpendicular to your head. Select a
strand that is no larger than the diameter of the perm rod you plan to use,
since packing too much hair onto a rod can result in limp curls.
127
2. Fold an end paper around the end of the hair strand.

Place an end paper against the hair strand, so that half of it is hanging off the
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
side. Fold the excess paper under the hair strand so that it's sandwiched
inside. Next, slide the end paper towards the bottom of the hair section.
3. Wrap the hair strand around a curling rod.

Place the end of the hair strand on top of a curling rod. Wrap the hair around
the curling rod until you reach your scalp, then close the rod.
 Choose a rod size that’s appropriate for the curl size you want.
Remember: the larger the rod, the larger and looser the curl.
 Roll the rod downward, away from your forehead and towards your
nape.
4. Repeat the process for the entire middle section.

If you started from the back of your crown, work your way down to your nape
first, then go back and do the front section. If you started from your hairline,
just work your way down to your nape.
5. Apply 2 columns of rods to each side section.

Choose a side to start with, and unravel the run. Create a vertical part,
somewhere behind your ear, and wrap the front section of hair into a bun.
Apply more rods horizontally in a vertical column, then do the front section of
hair (the one that’s in front of your ears).
6. Wrap a cotton strip around your hairline, tucking it under the rods.
This is very important, as you’ll need some sort of barrier between your skin
and the perm solution. Purchase a strip of cotton batting from an online or
local beauty supply store, then wrap it around your hairline, tucking it under
the edges of the rods.
 The cotton batting is not fabric. It looks like a long cotton ball. It’s
similar to what you’d find at a nail salon.
Method 3: Applying the Perm Solution
1. Prepare a perm solution based on your hair type and health.

There are 2 types of perm solutions: alkaline and acid. Depending on your
hair type, you’ll need to choose 1 or the other. If you choose the wrong type,
you may end up with different results--or in some cases, you may damage
your hair.
2. Pierce the tip of the bottle with a push pin.

Perm solution comes in a plastic squeeze bottle. While you can snip the tip
off, it is better to pierce it with a pin, like a thumb tack or a push pin. This
will give you better control over the product.
3. Apply the solution close to the rods using small, circular motions.
128
Choose a section to start with: middle, left, or right. Position the bottle over
the top edge of the rod, and begin to squeeze out the solution using a small,
Page
circular motion. Work 1 rod at a time until you complete the entire section,
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
then move on to the next one. Use the entire solution that came in the bottle.
 Don’t worry about applying the solution over the entire rod. Gravity will
pull the solution downward toward the bottom of the rod.
4. Check your hair every few minutes for an S-shape when unraveled.
Wait 5 minutes first, then pick a rod and unravel it slightly. Take a look at the
hair, and see if you can spot a tight S-shape. If not, wrap the hair back up.
Check it again after 2 minutes. If you still don’t see the S-shape, check it
every minute afterwards until you do.
 Don’t wait the full 10 to 15 minutes before checking your hair, or you’ll
risk damaging it; everyone’s hair processes differently.
 When you see the S-shape in your hair, you’re ready for the next step.
5. Rinse your hair for 3 minutes without taking the rods out.
This is important. Leave the rods in your hair. Simply lean over a sink or step
into a shower, then rinse the solution from your hair for 3 minutes.
6. Let your hair dry with the rods in place.

It would be best if you let your hair air dry, but if you are in a hurry, you
could use a hair dryer to speed the process up. Do not take the rods out yet.
7. Apply the neutralizer, wait 10 minutes, then rinse it out for 3 minutes
8. Let your hair dry, then remove the rods.

Again, it’s better to let your hair air dry, but you can use a hairdryer, if
needed. Once you remove the rods, leave your hair alone. Do not brush or
comb it, or you’ll undo the curls.
 At the most, you can gently style the curls with your fingers.
129
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
CRITERIA
Did you…. YES NO
Wash hair with a clarifying shampoo

Wrap a towel around your neck, then put on a plastic cape
and gloves
Split hair into 3 sections, with a middle and 2 sides
Take a thin strand of hair from the middle section
Fold an end paper around the end of the hair strand
Wrap the hair strand around a curling rod
Repeat the process for the entire middle section
Apply 2 columns of rods to each side section
Wrap a cotton strip around your hairline, tucking it under
the rods
Prepare a perm solution based on your hair type and
health
Pierce the tip of the bottle with a push pin
Apply the solution close to the rods using small, circular
motions
Check hair every few minutes for an S-shape when
unraveled
Rinse hair for 3 minutes without taking the rods out
Let the hair dry with the rods in place
Apply the neutralizer, wait 10 minutes, then rinse it out for
3 minutes
Let the hair dry, then remove the rods
130
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
131
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
JOB SHEET 4.1-1
Title: How To Basic Hair Color
Performance Objective: Given the necessary materials, tools and equipment,

the trainee must be able to perform the following
within two (2) hour.
Tools, Equipment & Materials: hair color supplies and materials necessary
to complete the task
SPECIFIC INSTRUCTION:
Accomplish the following before the allotted time:
Virgin Application: Going Darker
STEPS/PROCEDURE:
Use this method when color is close to or deeper than the natural Level of hair
color.
1. Part hair in 4 equal sections.

2. Apply to dry hair. Take ¼ to ½ inch partings and begin application at
root area, working color all the way down to the ends immediately.
Apply generously with applicator bottle or brush, making sure hair is
thoroughly saturated.
3. Note: If ends are porous or damaged, apply the mixture only to three-
quarters of the strand first. Allow mixture to develop for about 15
minutes, then work through to the ends. Strand test the ends to
determine color development and timing.
4. Allow color to develop for a minimum of 15 minutes.
5. Do a strand test for color development. (Normal processing time is
approximately 30 minutes, but for maximum lightening and gray
coverage allow complete development time of 45 minutes.)
6. When desired color is achieved, spray hair with a little warm water and
work into lather at the shampoo bowl. Rinse thoroughly.
7. Shampoo and rinse until water runs clear.

132
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
CRITERIA
Did you…. YES NO
Part hair in 4 equal sections

Apply to dry hair
Take ¼ to ½ inch partings and begin application at root area,
working color all the way down to the ends immediately
Apply generously with applicator bottle or brush, making sure
hair is thoroughly saturated
Apply the mixture only to three-quarters of the strand first
Allow mixture to develop for about 15 minutes, then work
through to the ends
Strand test the ends to determine color development and
timing
Allow color to develop for a minimum of 15 minutes
Spray hair with a little warm water and work into lather at the
shampoo bowl
Rinse thoroughly
Shampoo and rinse until water runs clear
133
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
134
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
“SHAPE OF THE CLIENT’S FACE”
INTRODUCTION
The job of a beauty professional is to help clients look their personal best.
Accentuating each individual’s most flattering features by identifying their
face shape, providing the best look for that shape and educating them with
practical application techniques is the key to unlocking their unique ―beauty
code.‖ It all starts with a face shape analysis.
All makeup artists begin with the same elements — eyes, cheeks and lips,
however no two faces are exactly the same. Each face is unique, and a
makeup artist’s role is to enhance a client’s natural beauty and individuality
by focusing on certain traits, balancing their face shape while highlighting
their most beautiful features.
IDENTIFYING FACE SHAPE
Identifying a client’s face shape is a simple relationship of proportions.

Faces can be oval, round, square, triangle, diamond or heart shaped (or a
135
combination of several). Each shape has its own unique characteristics.

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
(Charlize Theron, Kirsten Dunst)
Resembles a circle, with wide
cheekbones and a tapering jaw and
forehead
(Jennifer Garner, Rachel McAdams)

Wide at all points, with a broad
forehead, strong cheekbones and an
angular jaw
(Eva Longoria, Jessica Alba) Forehead

is somewhat broad, with narrower
cheekbones and a tapering jawline
(Scarlett Johansson) Highly angular

with wide cheeks, tapering toward
both the forehead and chin
136
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
(Kerry Washington, Kim
Kardashian) Cheekbones are
wider than the chin and
forehead
(Christina Ricci, Reese

Witherspoon) Broad forehead,
strong cheekbones and a
small chin
(Sarah Jessica
Parker) Resembles a
tall rectangle with
rounded corners. It
has a broad but even
forehead, jaw and
cheekbones
(Kelly Osbourne, Minnie

Driver) A broad jawline; the
cheeks may be wider than the
eye area and taper toward a
narrow forehead.
137
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
To identify your client’s face shape, start by taking the following key
measurements:
1. Width of forehead
2. Width of cheekbones
3. Width of jawline
4. Length of face
You will need the following materials:

 A large mirror for the client to view themselves.
 Hair clips or a headband to pull hair from the face.
 A cape or gown for client to wear to minimize distractions from their
face.
 Light (either daylight or professional makeup lights). Avoid overhead
lights since these create more shadows on the face and make it hard
to view its perimeter.
 A set of makeup brushes, eyeliners and lip liners.
Now follow the simple face mapping steps below:

1. Have your client look straight ahead at a mirror in a well-lit
environment.
2. Instruct them not to smile during this analysis, as it can alter their
face shape.
3. Using an eyeliner or lip liner, draw a point at each corner of their
forehead and in the center of the forehead (staying on the perimeter of
the face).
4. Place a long makeup brush across the upper bridge of the nose and
hold level. Then draw the points at the outer cheekbones (staying on
the perimeter of the face).
5. Draw a dot at the widest points of the jaw, and at the point of the
chin.
6. Connect the dots to verify the measurement that’s the widest or
longest and confirm which shape the face most closely matches.
CUSTOMIZED BEAUTY
Once you have identified your client’s face shape, you are ready to do a
makeup application tailored to their features.
SQUARE
To help soften angular features, create a makeup look that’s soft, feminine
138
and ethereal with shimmery textures. Apply blush onto the apples of cheeks,
and a sheer gloss to lips to soften an angular jawline. Play up lashes with
Page
two coats of mascara for a feminine finish.
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
NOTE: Avoid strong eyeliners or lip colors for square faces, as they can
create harsh lines.
ROUND
Add definition to this face by trying an overall bronzy look accentuated by
smoky eyes. Blend a deeper bronzer underneath cheekbones to add cut.
Sweep highlighter on top of cheekbones to add shape. Opt for angular
shaped brows to downplay face roundness. Try lightly filling brows to add
definition to the arch. Smoky eyes with strong liquid liners add definition to
this face shape.
OVAL
To help cut the length of the face, apply a rosy or bronzy blush horizontally
across the cheekbones; this further defines the eyes and lips. Next, blend a
bronzer in an up-sweep motion under cheekbones from the apples of cheeks
toward temples to create width. Line lips, then apply gloss or lipstick to add
definition to your chin. Apply a light, sheer eye shadow, blending to a
medium shade at the crease.
TRIANGLE
To help balance the upside down triangle shape of the face, minimize width
across the forehead and visually add width to the jawline. Apply bronzer to
the corners of the widest part of the forehead to soften edges. Apply
highlights to the chin, center of forehead, under eyes and bridge of the nose
to add visual width. Apply a soft matte blush on apples of the cheeks,
followed by a well-defined brow with a slight arch. Apply a soft smoky eye
and a neutral lip for softness.
HEART
To draw focus away from a prominent chin and cheekbones, wear soft,
feminine, sheer tones and add a pop of color to lips and cheeks. This pop
downplays strong cheekbones. Play up the apples of cheeks with a matte
blush. Avoid adding highlighting, sheen or glow on cheekbones, as that
pronounces the already defined cheeks. Wearing soft feminine tones in a
sheer finish on lips and cheeks help soften the heart shaped face.
OBLONG
To help the face appear slightly shorter and broader, use bronzer along the
hairline, blending downward, then to the bottom of the chin and just under
139
cheekbones, blending up toward the hairline. Apply blush to the apples of

the cheeks. Play up eyes with cat eye makeup, bold eyeshadow colors and
dramatic lashes; extend eyebrows outward toward temples.
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
DIAMOND
To help soften the angularity of the face, apply bronzer to the outside of the
cheekbones, tip of the chin and along the temples, blending toward the
jawline. Apply blush to the apples of the cheeks sweeping upward. Define a
natural brow line, avoiding a dramatic arch, and apply shimmery shadows
with plenty of mascara to enhance eyes. Highlight under the cheeks and
along the jawline, and add a natural creamy lip shade.
PEAR
To help soften the width of the lower half of the face, use a matte bronzer to
contour the jawline. Apply blush along the cheekbones toward the temple.
Highlight the bridge of the nose, the center of the forehead, under the eyes
and over the cheekbones to make the face appear more centered. Accentuate
eyes with smoky shadows and downplay lips with a neutral shade.
SOURCE:
https://magazine.lneonline.com/face-shape-101/
140
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
SELF CHECK 5.1-1
1. Wide at all points, with a broad forehead, strong cheekbones and an

angular jaw.
a. Square
b. Oval
c. Diamond
d. Round
2. Resembles a circle, with wide cheekbones and a tapering jaw and

forehead.
a. Square
b. Oval
c. Diamond
d. Round
3. Highly angular with wide cheeks, tapering toward both the forehead and
chin.
a. Square
b. Oval
c. Diamond
d. Round
4. Cheekbones are wider than the chin and forehead.

a. Square
b. Inverted Triangle
c. Diamond
d. Round
5. A broad jawline; the cheeks may be wider than the eye area and taper
toward a narrow forehead.
a. Pear
b. Inverted Triangle
c. Diamond
d. Round
141
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
ANSWER KEY 5.1-1
1. A
2. D
3. C
4. B
5. A
142
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
“TEXTURE OF THE HAIR”
INTRODUCTION
Texture of hair is analyzed according to style requirements and kind of
cutting to be administered.
Hairdressers always take a long look in the mirror at a new client, digesting
the strong and weak points of bone structure and features before setting to
with the scissors. They do this not to make you squirm, but because face
shape is as much of a make or break factor to a new look as hair type.
However, they're only human, with some more accomplished than others,
and so if you think that your current hairstyle isn't as flattering as it could
be encourage your stylist to sharpen up his or her act by knowing in
advance what will suit you.
Understanding Different Hair Textures
1. Structure and Form
The structure of the final style will also be influenced by hair type, for
example naturally curly or wavy hair will stand out from the head. In a
similar way forming treatments can alter how the hair hangs, thus changing
the structure and impact of a style. Remember, the tighter a perm, the
shorter the hair will actually look!
143
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Texture is a visual quality; it describes the appearance of the surface of an
object, for example:
 Natural hair will have a texture of its own and this will also be
influenced by condition
 Hair can be thick and coarse or fine and soft, with a glossy, defined
edge or a fine sheen
 Porous hair will look dull and matt
 Resistive hair may be glassy and brittle
Forming techniques can alter texture by increasing or reducing curl. In

general the more curls per centimetre, the more texture there will be in the
hair. This is because there are more facets for the light to reflect off, creating
a dappled effect.
Texture can also be altered by the type of styling tool used. Angular rods
create a very different result to curved rods; similarly a smaller rod will
create more curls on a given length of hair.
Texture can be achieved by winding and forming hair in alternating sections.

This mix of treated and untreated hair creates new structures and texture,
whilst maintaining the emphasis of the original style.
2. Movement and Form
Movement denotes the various directions the hair takes, or how the hair
sways or falls, for example:
 On natural hair this will depend on hair type and the length of hair
 Longer hair normally has more movement, however strong, thick hair
will have less movement than fine, thin hair
 Asian hair types have straight, strong hair and often benefit from a
mild relaxing treatment to create a softer feel and more movement
3. Volume and Form
Forming techniques can be used to increase volume, and this is particularly

useful when dealing with fine hair types where the hair hangs limply on to
the head. This may be the only option when a client with long, fine hair
walks into the salon and asks for a full-bodied cut in the style of Claudia
Schiffer!
144
It may be possible to achieve this result using curling tongs and styling
products, however recreating this look on a daily basis will require more
Page
permanent support; use a large-diameter styling tool to wind hair in the
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
crown area – this will provide additional boost. Alternatively a root perm will
lift the hair away from the roots.
How to Determine Hair Type
Determining your hair type will help you figure out how to handle cut and
style your hair more effectively. Hair type involves understanding different
qualities of your hair, including density, texture, porosity (your hair’s ability
to hold moisture), elasticity, and curl pattern. It can be very helpful to know
hair type so you choose styles and styling products that are best for your
hair to achieve.
The result you want from your hair.
OILY HAIR - Your oil glands produce generically and hormonally a lot of oil
and your hair cannot absorb so much of it. You should not shampoo your
hair with hot water, and never use a hair dryer on the hot air setting. Both
of these stimulate your oil glands to release even more body oil. Use only
lukewarm water and give yourself cold rinses as well. Use shampoos
designed for oily hair (more about such shampoos and conditioners on
shampoo or conditioner pages). You can also have your hair colored, or
permed as your hair cuticle will get "opened" (or lifted) and therefore hair
will absorb more of the oil.
FULLNESS FOR FINE HAIR - can be achieved by two dimensional coloring -

have your hair colorist mix two or three shades of color and apply them via
using a highlighting technique. If you do not like to sit for a long time then
color your hair in one step single process. The color "swells" the hair up and
creates a little of fullness.
You should keep your hair no longer then a shoulder length. The blunt cut
gives an illusion of a wider hair at the bottom. But if you are good with
brushes, you can ask your stylist to layer your hair and use all hairdressers
tricks to make your hair very thick and full.
Your hairdresser may use texturizing scissors in about middle of a hair

shaft. The shorter hair, if blow dried properly over the round brush, will "lift
up" longer hair and therefore create again a fuller look.
Using a right shampoo for your hair type can help your hair look fuller. And
145
remember - do not use too much of styling products, they will weight your
hair down. For fine hair I love to use a small amount of mouse. It is very
Page
light. Some experts recommend use of herbal products instead of styling
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
products. Apply it to the root area only, blow dry your hair away from the
scalp, again adding body to your tresses.
Below are tips how to achieve fullness of fine/straight hair with style
Determining Hair Density
146
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Determining Hair Texture
147
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Thin hair: If the hair strand’s thickness is thinner than the thread piece, you
have thin hair.
What can I do to thicken my hair?
 Eat a nutritious diet.

 Get plenty of protein. Protein makes hair thick and shiny. ...
 Eat omega-3 fatty acids. These healthy fatty acids promote hair
growth. ...
 Eat spinach and other leafy greens to get enough vitamin C.
 Take vitamins. Prenatal vitamins, especially, contain ingredients that
help thicken your hair
 Medium hair: If your hair strand is about the same
thickness as the thread, you have medium hair texture.
 Thick hair: If the hair strand is thicker than the piece of
thread, you have thick hair
148
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Female hair cuts:
149
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
150
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
151
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
152
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Male hair cuts:
153
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
154
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
155
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
156
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
157
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
SELF CHECK 5.1-2
1. Texture is a visual quality; it describes the appearance of the surface of

an object
a. True
b. False
c. Maybe
2. Hair can be thick and coarse or fine and soft, with a glossy, defined edge
or a fine sheen
a. Texture and Form
b. Movement and Form
c. Volume and Form
d. Body and Form
3. Forming techniques can be used to increase volume, and this is

particularly useful when dealing with fine hair types where the hair hangs
limply on to the head
a. Texture and Form
b. Movement and Form
c. Volume and Form
d. Body and Form
4. If you don’t see much scalp at all

a. Thick density
b. Medium density
c. Thin density
5. If you see some scalp

a. Thick density
b. Medium density
c. Thin density
158
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
ANSWER KEY 5.1-2
1. A
2. A
3. C
4. A
5. B
159
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
JOB SHEET 5.1-2
Title: How To Basic Haircutting
Performance Objective: Given the necessary materials, tools and equipment, the
trainee must be able to perform the following within
two (2) hour.
Tools, Equipment & Materials: supplies and materials necessary to complete

the task
STEPS/PROCEDURE:
Method 1: Parting Hair in Five or Seven Sections

Step 1. Wet the hair
Fill a spray bottle with warm water. Saturated the hair with the warm mist—your
hair should be damp, not dripping. Use a fine tooth comb to detangle your wet
hair-carefully remove snarls and knots from the locks
 Keep the spray bottle nearby. As the hair dries, re-wet the locks
Step 2. Divide the hair into five sections.

The five-section part is used on clients with average to thinner hair.
 Part the hair down the center of the head—from the top of the forehead to
the base of the skull.
 Part the hair horizontally at the top of the ears. This will create a section on
the top of the head, known as the top box and two side sections. Twist each
section and secure it with a large hair clip.
 Part the hair at the base of the ears. This will create a section at the base of
your skull. Twist each section and secure it with a large hair clip.
 Make sure the right sections are even with the left sections.
Step 3. Divide the hair into five sections.

The five-section part is used on clients with average to thinner hair.
 Part the hair down the center of the head—from the top of the forehead to
the base of the skull.
 Part the hair horizontally at the top of the ears. This will create a section on
the top of the head, known as the top box and two side sections. Twist each
section and secure it with a large hair clip.
 Part the hair at the base of the ears. This will create a section at the base of
your skull. Twist each section and secure it with a large hair clip.
 Make sure the right sections are even with the left sections.
160
3. Divide thicker hair into seven sections.

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
If the hair you are cutting is thicker, consider dividing it into seven sections: top,
right side, left side, right crown, left crown, right nape, left nape, and a ½ inch
band of loose hair at the hairline.
Method 2: Layering Hair with the Aid of a Moving Guide
1. Divide the hair into five or seven sections.

Before beginning this haircut, part the hair into five or seven sections. Once
complete, unclip each section one at a time. Remove a ½ inch section of hair along
the perimeter of the hair line
2. Create the first travelling guide.

Unclip the bottom section. Gather a small segment of hair at the center of your
bottom section. This segment will become the first traveling guide. A traveling
guide moves with the area being cut. The most recently cut segment of hair in a
section assumes the role of the traveling guide. It is held up to the next segment of
hair and used as a ruler.
3. Cut the remainder of the section.

Use the travelling guide, the most recently cut segment of hair, to measure the
length of the next segment. Insert the traveling guide and the next segment of hair
between your forefinger and middle finger. Move the fingers towards the ends—
pulling the hair at a 90° angle—until you reach the end of the traveling guide. Cut
the new segment of hair so that it is the same length as the traveling guide.
4. Determine the length of the second layer.

Unclip the left section and let and hang over the bottom layer. Use the bottom layer
as a guide to determine how much hair to trim off the second layer.[13] The bottom
and middle layers may differ 2 to 4 inches in long hair and ½ inch to 1 inch in
shorter hair.
5. Cut the left segment.

Gather a small segment of hair at the front left side to use as your first guide. Pull
the segment of hair straight at a 90° angle. Slide your fingers towards the ends of
the hair until you reach the point you would like to cut off. Trim the excess hair.
Cut the remainder of the section with the aid of the traveling guide.
6. Cut the right section.

Unclip the right section. Gather a small segment of hair at the front left side (your
travelling guide) and the front right side. Insert the two segments between your
middle and forefinger and pull them forward at a 90° angle. Stop your fingers at
the end of the left segment. Trim the excess hair from the right segment. Cut the
remainder of the section with the aid of the traveling guide.
161
7. Determine the length of the top layer.

Unclip the top section and let it hang over the middle layer. Use the layers below to
Page
help you determine the length of your top layer. The middle and top layers may
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
differ 2 to 4 inches in long hair and ½ inch to 1 inch in shorter hair.
8. Cut the top section.

Gather a small segment of hair at the top of the forehead. Pull the segment of hair
straight at a 90° angle. Slide your fingers towards the ends of the hair until you
reach the point you would like to cut off. Trim the excess hair. Cut the remainder
of the section with the aid of the traveling guide.
162
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
CRITERIA
Did you…. YES NO
Wet the hair

Divide the hair into five sections
Divide thicker hair into seven sections. If the hair you are
cutting is thicker, consider dividing it into seven sections
Divide the hair into five or seven sections
Create the first travelling guide
Cut the remainder of the section
Determine the length of the second layer
Cut the left segment
Cut the right section
Determine the length of the top layer
Cut the top section
163
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
164
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
JOB SHEET 6.1-1
Title: How To Hair Bleaching
two (2) hour.

the task
It’s imperative to read the specific instructions on whichever product you buy.
There is no universal advice here that works for everyone.
STEPS/PROCEDURE:
1. Mix the lightener and developer.
2. Apply evenly to hair. Comb through to distribute. Use the tail comb to divide
hair into sections, which helps keep tabs on what you've bleached and what you
haven't. (This is more necessary on medium and longer hair. Longer cuts may also
require clips to pull hair to the side while you get at the roots.)
3. Cover with the shower cap and let sit. For exactly how long the instructions say.
4. Wash and condition hair. Let it dry.
5. Use the toner to achieve ideal brightness and even color. This will neutralize any
warmer, brassier tones.
6. Use purple toning shampoo and conditioner in the weeks after dyeing whenever
the color gets too brassy. You shouldn’t wash or condition your hair as often, since
the ingredients in regular shampoo will tint the newly blond color of your hair.
Purple products will help pull everything back to your ideal tone. Use them as
needed, but know that using them too much will cause your hair to have red or
violet undertones. It’s a delicate balance.
7. Use a normal sulfate-free shampoo when absolutely necessary. (The purple one
is just for toning.) And skip the standard conditioner. Your hair will desperately
need the nourishment, but conditioner will compromise your bleach job fast.

165
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
CRITERIA
Did you…. YES NO
Mix the lightener and developer

Apply evenly to hair. Comb through to distribute
Cover with the shower cap and let sit
Wash and condition hair
Use the toner to achieve ideal brightness and even color
Use purple toning shampoo and conditioner in the weeks
after dyeing whenever the color gets too brassy
Use a normal sulfate-free shampoo when absolutely
necessary
166
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
167
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
JOB SHEET 7.1-1
Title: How To Hair Straightening
two (2) hour.

the task
STEPS/PROCEDURE:
STEP 1: CLARIFYING WASH

Washed hair with a clarifying shampoo to get rid of any buildup. No matter if you
washed the hair 24 hours ago – wash it again. Leave it damp and comb out.
STEP 2: APPLY RETEXTURIZING CREAM

The stuff you really need to pay attention to and dedicate most of your time. It
essentially softens the structure of the hair to near breaking, so you want to be
gentle with the comb.
Note: The smell is strong, like perm solution. Start at the top, separating the hair
into sections similar to when you apply hair color. Use this hair color application
kit to make sure you got an even coat on every section of hair and this salon cape
to protect the clients’ clothes. After evenly coated each section, fold it up on top of
the head and moved to the next. The cream is thick so once you stick it in place it
stays put.
Important: Left about 1/4 of an inch of the hair, next to the scalp, clear of re-
texturizing cream. You want to avoid applying the cream directly to the scalp.
168
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Once finished, cover it with a disposable processing cap so that the heat from the
head would help the process. The box recommends 25 – 45 minutes depending on
how curly or resistant the hair is. Left on for the full 45 minutes.
STEP 3: RINSE
Rinsed the hair with warm water until it no longer felt ―slimy‖ and the water ran
clear. Make sure there is NO product left in the hair or on your skin.
STEP 4: BLOW DRY & STRAIGHTEN

Blow dries hair completely. Use a round brush once it was 40 – 50% dry. Be very
careful not to tug or pull the hair to much – it’s still in a very weak state. Once dry,
straighten the hair with a flat iron on the highest setting.
Tip: work with smaller sections than you usually do when straightening hair.
During this step you are setting how hair will be until it grows out – take your
time. The directions say to move slowly and go over each section of hair 3 – 4
times. Approximate time: 30 – 40 minutes depending on hair length and
thickness. If possible, get a friend to help with straightening the areas in the back
so you don’t miss any spots.
STEP 5: APPLY THE NEUTRALIZER CREAM

This is MUCH easier than the retexturizer. Still separate hairs like before and used
an applicator brush, but now you could slap that stuff all over the head – the scalp
must be safe. Make sure to cover every inch of hair. Recommended sitting time: 5 –
6 minutes. Left on a few minutes longer just to be safe.
STEP 6: RINSE AGAIN

Rinse with warm water until hair was free of all products. DO NOT SHAMPOO. You
can let it air dry or blow dry. The hair is going to be SUPER straight. Flat. Limp
and lifeless.

169
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
CRITERIA
Did you…. YES NO
Wash hair with a clarifying shampoo to get rid of any

buildup
Apply retexturizing cream
Rinse hair with warm water until it no longer felt ―slimy‖
and the water ran clear.
Blow dry and straighten hair using flat iron on the highest
setting
Apply neutralizer cream
Rinse again
170
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
171
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
“MAKE-UP PRODUCT AND ACCESSORIES”
INTRODUCTION
Whether you’re a makeup novice or have been experimenting with cosmetics

for years, it’s crucial to have a collection with makeup essentials that will
allow you to create a go-to everyday look. After acquiring the makeup basics,
it is that much easier to add playful or trendy makeup products to your
collection and incorporate them into your beauty looks.
Makeup Essentials – Face:

172
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
1. Face Primer
While some people don’t think that face primer is necessary, I personally
view it as a vital step in my makeup routine.
Face primers’ exact effects on your skin and makeup can vary, but overall,
their main purpose is to keep your skin looking smooth and your makeup
looking fresh all day long.
Regardless of your skin type, there is a primer for you, whether you’re
looking for a formula to control oil and/or acne, moisturize, smooth out
uneven texture, color correct, etc.
2. Foundation
Foundation is probably the hardest part of your makeup routine to get right,
as you not only have to consider the type of coverage you want (i.e.
sheer/natural, medium, or full), but also your skin type and undertones.
3. CC Cream
Personally, I prefer CC cream to regular foundation, as I find it to be much
more natural-looking. It is a great option if you’re looking for something that
has skincare benefits such as moisturizing or priming (some CC creams
have primer built in).
4. Concealer
If you have acne, dark circles, or any kind of discoloration, concealer is a
must-have.
Concealers come in full-coverage and sheerer-coverage formulations, and

which one you should choose depends on how much you’re trying to cover
up.
5. Blush
173
Putting on blush can have a huge effect on your overall look, and I
personally never leave it out of my makeup routine. Blush is especially
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
necessary if you’re wearing a foundation with more opaque coverage, which
can sometimes leave your complexion looking a little bit flat.
Blush comes in powder, gel, and cream formulations, with powder being the
most popular. Recently, though, cream and gel blush have become very
popular as well.
When choosing a blush color, pick something that’ll give you a natural
flush. Regardless of your skin tone, be careful not to go too bright or to use
too heavy a hand when applying, as these things can make you look
clownish.
6. Highlighter
Speaking of highlight, I couldn’t leave highlighter off of this list!
Like many other beauty products, highlighter comes in various different

forms: powder, cream, liquid, stick, and powder/cream hybrid. Each of
these forms has its own unique benefits, but for beginners I recommend
either powder or stick, as they are the easiest to work with.
My fool-proof method for applying highlighter is to lightly apply it along the

bridge of your nose, the tops of your cheekbones, your cupid’s bow, and just
below your eyebrows.
7. Bronzer
As someone who loves being pale, I don’t really use bronzer; however, if you
are trying to get a sun-kissed look, using the right shade of bronzer is
essential.
I recommend going no darker than one or two shades deeper than your
natural skin tone, and either lightly dusting it all over the high points of
your face for a healthy glow, or simply in the hollows of your cheeks (below
where you’d put your blush) for a more chiseled look.
8. Setting Spray/Powder
Much like face primer, setting spray/powder works to keep your makeup in
place all day.
There are different formulations depending on what type of finish you’re

after (e.g. matte, radiant, etc.) and what skin care benefits, if any, you would
like your setting spray/powder to have (e.g. moisturizing, oil-absorbing,
etc.). If you want your makeup to last, though, don’t skip this step!
174
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Makeup Essentials – Eyes:
9. Eye Primer
Eye primer has been a lifesaver for me, as before I started using it, my eye
makeup would literally be nearly gone within two or three hours.
10. Eyeshadow
Along with highlighter, eyeshadow is my favorite makeup product, simply
because it comes in so many different colors and finishes, and can be used
in so many different ways!
11. Mascara
Mascara has a magical way of pulling your eye look together, and comes in
countless different formulas that lengthen, thicken, and curl your eyelashes.
Black is fine for most people, but if you have very light-colored lashes, you
may want to look into getting a brown mascara instead for a more natural
look.
12. Eyeliner
Eyeliner, like mascara, can also add the little extra something needed to
really make your eye look pack a punch.
While black eyeliner is often considered a staple, consider giving brown or

dark gray a try if you have lighter skin.
There are countless ways to apply eyeliner, but my favorite way is to simply
draw a thin line at the lashline and wing it out just a touch beyond my eye.
You can also use eyeliner to line the waterline if you want to make your
eyelashes look thicker. In fact, there are eye pencils and kohl products that
175
are made specifically for this sensitive area.

Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
13. Eyebrow Product
I’ll admit, I don’t do my eyebrows, as I like how they look naturally. But, if
you are looking to up your brow game, there are lots of different eyebrow
products out there to really make them stand out.
Makeup Essentials – Lips:
14. Lip Gloss

Lip gloss was popular in the early-mid 2000s, but recently has been
regaining traction, with trendy brands like Anastasia Beverly Hills, Glossier,
and Fenty Beauty all serving up their own versions.
Use lip gloss when you’re in a rush, don’t have access to a mirror (it’s hard
to mess up), or when the rest of your look is more dramatic and calls for a
subtler lip.
15. Lipstick
You can’t deny that lipstick is having a major moment right now: Whether
you go for a liquid or bullet formula; a glossy, satin, or matte finish, there is
definitely a lipstick out there that’ll meet your needs!
176
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Makeup Essentials – Tools:
16. Brushes
Be sure to look for high-quality brushes from brands such as MAC and
Sephora Collection, as they should last you years with regular cleaning and
proper storage.
Brushes to look for include a face brush (for applying foundation), a smaller,
fluffy angled brush (for applying blush and/or bronzer on the cheeks), a fan
brush (for applying highlighter), a fluffy powder brush (for applying finishing
powder or bronzer all over your face), and a basic eyeshadow blender brush.
For more details, see our list of essential makeup brushes.
17. Applicators
As for other types of applicators, I sometimes like to use an original beauty
blender instead a makeup brush for applying foundation, as I like the finish
that it gives. (Also, Real Techniques makes what is apparently a great dupe
for a fraction of the cost.)
Furthermore, if you choose to apply your powder using a powder puff, then
you don’t necessarily need the powder brush (unless you want to use the
powder brush for bronzer).
177
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
Best Makeup Storage Containers:
Now that you’ve got all of the essentials, you need somewhere to store them!
For all brushes and makeup products, simple makeup bags/pouches work
well, while brush rolls are great for storing–you guessed it–brushes, and are
also great for traveling. Pencil cups and even empty mason jars are also
great options for storing makeup brushes.
If you have a larger collection of makeup, consider investing in a plastic

storage drawer.
When in doubt, just do what I do and sort everything into plastic bags based
on category (e.g. face, eyes, and lips). It’s not the most glamorous option, but
hey, it works!
SOURCE
https://www.collegefashion.net/beauty-and-hair/12-makeup-bag-
essentials-every-college-girl-should-own/
178
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
SELF CHECK 8.1-1
1. The main purpose is to keep your skin looking smooth and your makeup
looking fresh all day long.
a. Face Primer
b. Foundation
c. Concealer
d. CC Cream
2. If you have acne, dark circles, or any kind of discoloration, this one is a
must-have.
a. Face Primer
b. Foundation
c. Concealer
d. CC Cream
3. Each of these forms has its own unique benefits, but for beginners I
recommend either powder or stick, as they are the easiest to work with.
a. Face Primer
b. Foundation
c. Highlighter
d. CC Cream
4. Works to keep your makeup in place all day

a. Bronzer
b. Setting Spray/Powder
c. Eye Primer
d. Eyeshadow
5. It comes in so many different colors and finishes, and can be used in so

many different ways
a. Bronzer
b. Setting Spray/Powder
c. Eye Primer
d. Eyeshadow
179
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
ANSWER KEY 8.1-1
1. A
2. C
3. C
4. B
5. D
180
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
JOB SHEET 8.1-1
Title: How To Apply Basic Make-up
two (2) hour.

the task
STEPS/PROCEDURE:
Part 1: Laying the Groundwork
1. Start with clean skin.

Wash with a gentle cleanser or simply use a toner to wipe away any impurities
from your skin.
2. Apply a light moisturizer.

This will keep your skin from getting too oily during the day, and will help
moisturize any dry patches on your skin. If you know you have oily skin don't skip
moisturizer entirely; instead try a gel based formula that your skin will absorb
quickly.
 Wait five minutes before putting on foundation (see the next step) so that
the moisturizer can sink in.
3. Dab on a tinted moisturizer or a light foundation to your skin.

Apply just a few spots with your fingers to your forehead, cheeks, nose and chin,
then blend with fingers, or a foundation brush, working the spots outwards from
the center in all directions. Be sure to choose a foundation that matches your skin
tone and when in doubt choose a slightly lighter shade over a darker one. This will
help you avoid looking orange and give you a more natural look.
 If you want more coverage, you can use a makeup sponge to apply, using
the same blending technique.
4. Put a little concealer under the eyes.

Use a small pointed brush to dot a bit where under-eye circles are darkest, usually
at the inner and outer corners of the eye. Add a speck to other blemishes that
aren't covered by the foundation and blend into the skin.}
 There's a little controversy about whether a concealer should be the same
shade as your skin or ever-so-slightly lighter; however, it should never be
181
lighter than one shade away from your natural tone. Look for something as
close as you can find to your skin tone and err on the lighter side if need be.
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
5. Set the concealer and moisturizer with a translucent powder.
Apply it to your face, ideally using a velvet-y powder puff (as opposed to a powder
brush, as that leaves a lot of loose powder) in a pressing motion. Use a powder
brush to flick off any excess. If you are using a powder brush to apply, tap off the
excess powder before applying to your face in circular motions.
Part 2: Putting on Your Eyes
1. Apply an eyeshadow of your choice to your eyelid.

For beginners, try a single neutral shade like taupe or aubergine. Use a rounded
shadow brush or your finger and make quick, short swipes across the lid, working
your way up to the brow bone.
2. Apply eyeliner.
Use a black or brown pencil and apply along the rim of your upper lash line in
short strokes.
3. Curl your lashes.

Place a lash curler at the base of your upper eyelashes (along the lid) and press for
five seconds.
4. After this, apply mascara.

Apply to the upper and lower lashes with the tip of the wand oriented towards the
outer corner of your eye. One coat should suffice for this look.
Part 3: Adding Cheek and Lip Color
1. Apply blush to the apples of your cheeks.

Smile as you do this so you can clearly see where the apples are. Dab on the blush
and blend upwards towards your temples.
2. Apply lipstick or lip gloss.

Pucker your lips like you're about to plant a kiss and dab the lip color to the center
of your upper and lower lip. This first application can be straight from the tube;
then, use your fingers to blend outwards, adding color with your fingertips as
needed.
3. Check yourself in bright light - daylight if possible - to make sure

everything is blended and beautiful. You're done!

182
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY
CRITERIA
Did you…. YES NO
Start with clean skin

Apply a light moisturizer
Dab on a tinted moisturizer or a light foundation to your
skin
Put a little concealer under the eyes
Set the concealer and moisturizer with a translucent
powder
Apply an eyeshadow of your choice to your eyelid
Apply eyeliner
Curl your lashes
Apply mascara after
Apply blush to the apples of your cheeks
Apply lipstick or lip gloss
Check yourself in bright light - daylight if possible - to
make sure everything is blended and beautiful
x x x x x END x x x x x
183
Page
HAIRDRESSING NCII
CORE COMPETENCY

HDR Ncii - Core - Bandong - Final

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

HDR Ncii - Core - Bandong - Final

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

COMPETENCY STANDARDS

The HAIRDRESSING NC II Qualification consists of competencies that a person

The Units of Competency comprising this Qualification include the following:

Unit Code BASIC COMPETENCIES

Unit Code COMMON COMPETENCIES

Unit Code CORE COMPETENCIES

The “CORE COMPETENCY” a competency which comprises the

The module, contains training materials and activities related to

In this module, you are required to go through a series of learning

 Read information sheets and complete the Self-Check activity.

You must pass the Institutional Competency Evaluation for this

Been working for some time.

If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in a

The results of your assessment will be recorded in your

What is Draping in Cosmetology?

There are three types:

3. Chemical drapes are resistant to hazardous substances, like bleach

Why is Draping Important in Cosmetology?

Staphylococci: a skin bacteria found in boils and pustules. It’s universally

Streptococci: causes common infections such as strep throat, scarlet fever

Meningococci: Meningococci cause meningitis, a dangerous swelling of the

Fungi: The risk of getting a fungal infection in a salon is high. It’s

include pedicure tubs and shampoo sinks.

How Does a Cosmetologist Keep Clients Safe?

Sanitizing Workstations and Equipment – Any point of contact between

Equipment, such as shampoo sinks and pedicure tubs, are sanitized

Doorknobs, cosmetology books, and other items touched frequently by

clients can harbor infection.

 Labeled ―Bactericidal, viricidal and fungicidal‖ meaning they kill most

Tools should be cleansed of debris and submerged for the recommended

Handwashing – remains the single best infection control measure for

Covid Precautions – the best way to prevent infections in salons is not to

Slips and Falls

 Sweep and mop regularly.

To avoid these risks:

Electrical and Fire Dangers

Follow these rules:

Students in a vocational school cosmetology program learn about how OSHA

OSHA regulations cover:

How important are clients to a business?

hard at their trade and communicate well with their clients.

YOU NEED TO KNOW AND UNDERSTAND

THE IMPOTANT OF CONSULTATION

So what makes a good client consultation?

2. Put clients at ease

pay special attention to your tone and body language!

2. Resistant to hazardous substances, like bleach and coloring agents.

3. Waterproof and used for shampoos

4. Bacterial infections on the scalp, for example, can ooze infectious

5. A skin bacteria found in boils and pustules

6. A dangerous swelling of the brain’s meninges, the membranes that

Olaplex Hair Perfector No 3 is a popular repairing treatment that is

Hair Glossing Treatment

L’Oreal Feria’s Hair Color Chart

Method1: Bleaching Your Hair

1. Gather your supplies.

5. Keep checking until your hair is sufficiently light. Go in 10 minutes

WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF PERMS?

1. Single action perms

result for your client’s hair type.

Acid perm lotion is gentle with a pH value of approximately 6 to 7, similar

Alkaline perm lotions have a stronger pH value of approximately 9.5. They

Dual action perms