Lanthanides

MAGNETISM

In ions, Re emoid oiftss betwoen twd succesive J

In
hmg L-S Couplin9
Joves o a mutzplet leads to hence
In tosa ioms, RL f ossi trs O deeply sated,
wel Shielded b 5s md 5p e's.
Cfeetive magelic momonF is d ived using tRe following
euatioms:
Mefe 8 I(7+)
= =

1 + I0+) + s(s+4) -L(L+D -

2 +
Symbas bean uoual meaning
Let s Conoido R simplut cmu i.e 4p
2o
From tRa box diogrom, Lwe e
Hee, L=3, s= 2 , Es = A+I= 2.+1= 2
half-fille caA, henta
Sine i t is les Ran

J L-s)=3-Yl = 5/2
3(3+)
Fsom 1
es O, 1 + 52(5%+) + L(2+) -
2. 5/2 C 52+)

1 x 72) +(% x -12

s 7/2
1 18
3s/4+4-
12
1+ 35/2 35/2
L+ 14) 1-( 7
1-

rom ), UeSf = 4%(7+)

2.54 B.M.
2
Meff = 2.54 B.M.
 Who to remember
d case 1.73 B.M. but capa > 2.54 8M.
Almost so highen odespite 1e casa2.
3+2 +O-) -2-2
Fon system, box diagram Loill ba
L=32 5
S =
2.V =1
stl= 3
= lL-s = 15-1|= 4
From ) ,
1+ + 1(1+) - 5{s+)
2. 4(4+)
20+2-3D
+ 40

Foom e ), epf s44+) =

xa0
3.58
eff 3.58 B.M.

When Cbmbmed orth o system

Re 2.83 B.M
3.58 8.M

-w. Calaletee otRo f" Systems and find

Gmythin9 wnerþected

AHRough mast ofR on Shos cotd ageomen

betweN Calculahed Omd ageomon
Sm ecbanimental valuus, fur
Eus,t agneement is wnsatisfact
Th eneoay diffs betwoen
Suceemine
lowes J ebveb
to T
OPR
,Ond e
populated
levals above n Y is
J Combaable
leve)
Comþarabl
to Soma etent eo J leve)
Hosexa, Shuation is
omplicsted
 Uses 0 Ly

To cenamie aÞpkcatim. lem fagile)

Pretecti ve. t pment Glam blocka

Abnasive aeent Polishing apent)

mixtww o oxidus havim Cambosrtiono ap und
wnd oh
Cob_(47), La®3 t+ Nd,Oa-+R,O3 (517) + Sio CaO

FegOz(R/). 2s alko calleo politite , noeol in-

alao Polrski
n paints N Ted, Ce blu et)
Textile amo leathon
Agaicuttuua Onnd madjci
In amalytical expt, CeCCo2 w2ed in vofumtie aralyos.
dehydogenatan oxidh of C.Comp auno
co.Comp aun d
Ctaly si s ,

bY CAN
9Fluxir devicc n atmic.batoi
ued ao actHivats of
luminaphovo
Tn lamps La, Eu,Sm sepenat .
raphic
fLn wed in okramatoy
Racio-sotapro
NMR-Shif
aet
12) sheciatye o coucible nekins
oed n
Ce S
Electhoi e appicattan