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PHYSICS
145. A container with rigid walls filled with a sample of ideal gas. The absolute temperature of (1 point)
the gas is doubled, what happens to the pressure of the gas?
⚪ Becomes double
⚪ Increases four times
⚪ Decreases four times
⚪ Increases sixteen times
Doubling the temperature, likewise doubled the pressure.
Explanation:
Pressure and Temperature have a direct relationship as determined by Gay-Lussac Law
P1/T1=P2/T2
Pressure and temperature will both increase or decrease simultaneously as long as the volume is held constant.
If temperature were to double the pressure would likewise double. Increased temperature would increase the energy of the
molecules and the number of collisions would also increase causing the increase in pressure.

Doubling the temperature likewise doubled the pressure.

146. A container with rigid walls filled with a sample of ideal gas, the absolute temperature of (1 point)
the gas is increased four times then what happens to the speed of the gas molecule?

⚪ Becomes double
⚪ Increases sixteen times
⚪ Increases four times
⚪ Decreases four times
Therefore V1 /V2 = = =1/2
V1 /V2 =1 / 2 OR V2=2 V1

147. The average molecular kinetic energy of a gas depends on: (1 point)
(I) Pressure (II) Volume (III) Temperature (IV) Number of moles

⚪ I, II, III & IV only

⚪ I, II & III only
⚪ I & III only
⚪ III only
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148. Kinetic Theory is based on an ideal gas model, the following statements about the ideal (1 point)
gas are true except:
⚪ All molecules move with the same speed
⚪ The attractive force between the molecules can be ignored
⚪ All molecules make elastic collisions with each other and with the walls of the container
⚪ All molecules obey laws of classical mechanics

149. Internal energy of an ideal gas depends on: (1 point)

I) The volume of the ideal gas
II) The pressure of the ideal gas
III) The absolute temperature of the ideal gas
⚪III only
⚪ I only
⚪ I, II and III
⚪ II only

150. A sample of ideal gas has an internal energy U and is then compressed to one-half of its (1 point)
original volume while the temperature stays the same, what is the new internal energy of
the ideal gas in terms of U?
⚪ 1/4U
⚪U
⚪ 1/2U
⚪ 2U

151. An C is heated to 273 C, what is the new (1 point)

internal energy in terms of U?

⚪ 1/2U
⚪ 1/4U
⚪ 2U
⚪U
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152. When we touch a piece of metal and a piece of wood that are placed in the same room, (1 point)
the piece of metal feels much colder than the piece of wood, this happens because of
the difference in:

⚪ Thermal conductivity
⚪ Temperature
⚪ Density
⚪ Specific heat

Even though they are the same temperature, the metal will feel colder than the wood because of the thermal conductivity of the metal,
compared to the wood.
Metal will conduct the heat to your hand (or whatever you touched the metal with) faster.
153. The state of an ideal gas is changed isothermally from position-1 to position-2 as shown (1 point)
in figure, what is the change in the internal energy of the gas during this process?

⚪Δ >
⚪Δ =Q
⚪Δ =W
⚪Δ =
GRAPH INDICATES ISOTHERMAL PROCESS THEREFORE CHANGE IN INTERNAL
ENRGY IS ZERO.
154. The change of the state of an ideal gas is presented by the diagram. What is the ration (1 point)
b ok o o u p oc 2→3 ok o o
during the process 4→1?

⚪ 4/1
⚪3/1
⚪ 1/1
⚪ 2/1
1-2 ISOCHORIC PROCESS W=0, 2 TO 3 ISOBARIC W=P V= 3x3=9,
3-4 ISOCHORIC PROCESS W=0, 4 TO 1 ISOBARIC W=P V= 1x3=3
W2→3/W4→1=9/3=3/1
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155. Which of the following is a characteristic of an adiabatic process? (1 point)

⚪W=0
⚪ ΔV =
⚪Δ =
⚪Q=0

156. Helium gas is sealed in a container. The container is heated, causing the temperature to (1 point)
increase at a constant rate, which of the following statements is not true?
⚪ The average speed of the gas particles increases at a constant rate
⚪ The average kinetic energy of the gas particles increases at a constant rate
⚪ Temperature of the gas increases at a constant rate
⚪ The pressure of the gas increases at a constant rate
157. During a thermodynamic process, 2000 J of heat are removed from a gas while 600 J of (1 point)
work is done by the gas, what is the change in internal energy of the gas?
⚪ +2600J
⚪ –1400J
-2600J
⚪ Zero
U=-2000-600=-2600J
158. The internal energy of a sample of confined helium gas is increased by 300J, if the net (1 point)
amount of work done on the sample by its surroundings was 240 J, how much heat was
transferred between the gas and its environment?
⚪ 540 J absorbed
⚪60 J absorbed
⚪ 60 J dissipated
⚪ 540 J dissipated
U=300J, W=240, Q=U-W=60J ABSORBED
159. A gas undergoes an expansion in which 300 J of energy is added to the gas by heating, (1 point)
the internal energy of the gas changes from 600 J to 700 J, the work done by the gas is:
⚪200 J
⚪ 100 J
⚪ 900 J
⚪ 1300 J
160. A gas trapped in a container with a movable piston undergoes an adiabatic process, (1 point)
during this process, the gas does about 1025 joules of work. Which of the following
statements are true?
(I) The internal energy of the system increases by 1025 J
(II) The temperature of the gas increases
(III) The temperature of the gas decreases
(IV) The heat transferred in or out of the system is zero
⚪ IV only
⚪ III & IV only
⚪ III only
⚪ I only
IN ADIABATIC EXPANSION TEMPERATURE DECREASES HEAT SUPPLIED IS ZERO
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161. The internal energy comprises of two types of energies, those are: (1 point)
⚪ Kinetic and Magnetic Energy
⚪ Magnetic and Electrical Energy
⚪ Mechanical and Electrical Energy
⚪ Kinetic and Potential Energy

162. In an experiment, 100 g of liquid requires 12600J of thermal energy to raise it from 30°C (1 point)
to 60°C, the thermal capacity of 100 g of water is:

⚪ 420 J/K
⚪ 300 J/K
⚪ 100 J/K
⚪ 220 J/K
C=Q/ T=12600/30=420

163. The kinetic component of internal energy is due to: (1 point)

⚪ The intermolecular forces

⚪ The vibration of particles
⚪ The vibration of matter
⚪ The collision of particles

164. A scientist raises the temperature of a solid of mass 40 kg from 20 °C to 40 °C, if the (1 point)
energy used by the solid is 8000 J, the specific heat capacity of the solid would be:

⚪ 2 J kg –1 °C–1
⚪ 20 J kg –1 °C–1
⚪ 5 J kg –1 °C–1
⚪ 10 J kg –1 °C–1
C=Q/m 8000/40x20=8000/800=10

165. During the process of solidification, when the liquid is being changed into solid, the (1 point)
temperature at that period would:

⚪ Remain constant
⚪ May increase or decrease
⚪ Increase
⚪ Decrease
NEARLY ISOTHERMAL PROCESS
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166. The potential component of internal energy is due to: (1 point)
⚪ The stretch and compression of intermolecular bonds as the particles are heated
⚪ The stretch of the intermolecular bonds as the particles are heated
⚪ The stretch and compression of intermolecular bonds as the particles vibrate
⚪ The stretch and compression of intermolecular bonds as the particle collide

167. An ideal gas is taken from state 1 to state 2 and then to state 3. If the process 1-2 is (1 point)
adiabatic and 2-3 is isothermal, what is a true statement about the change in
temperature and heat transferred during 1-2?

⚪ ΔT = , Q =
⚪ ΔT > , Q <
⚪ ΔT > , Q >
⚪ ΔT < , Q =
1-2 IS ADIABATIC EXPANSION THEREFORE TEMPERATURE FALLS AND HEAT SUPPLIED
IS ZERO.
168. Heat flow into a system is and heat flow out of the system is . (1 point)
⚪ Positive, Positive
⚪Positive, Negative
⚪ Negative, Negative
⚪ Negative, Positive

169. When work is dissipated into internal energy, what is the change in the disorderly (1 point)
motion of molecules?
⚪ Increases
⚪ Remains the same
⚪ Decreases
⚪ None of these

170. Consider the following statements (1 point)

Assertion:- The internal energy of an ideal gas does not change during an Isothermal
process.
Reason:- The decrease in the volume of the gas is compensated by a corresponding
increase in pressure when its temperature is constant in accordance with Boyle law.
⚪ Both assertion & reason are true and reason is not correct explanation of assertion
⚪ Both assertion & reason are true and reason is correct explanation of assertion
⚪ Assertion is false but reason is true
⚪ Assertion is true reason is false
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171. Which one of the following statement is true about a gas undergoing isothermal (1 point)
change?
⚪ The gas is completely insulated from the surrounding
⚪ The pressure of the gas remains constant
⚪ The volume of the gas remains constant
⚪ The temperature of the gas is constant

172. Work done by thermodynamic system (W) and heat supplied (Q) to thermodynamic system: (1 point)
⚪ Does not depends upon specific path taken to reach form initial state in to final state
⚪ In particular conditions depends upon specific path taken to reach form initial state in to final state
⚪ Cannot be predicted
⚪ Always depends upon specific path taken to reach form initial state in to final state
173. The internal energy of an isolated system by any process, mechanical, (1 point)
electrical chemical or biological taking place within system.
⚪ Can be changed
⚪ Can be changed can not be changed.
⚪ Cannot be changed
⚪ None of these
174. Specific heat of gas during isothermal change is: (1 point)
⚪ Infinite
⚪ Zero
⚪ Between infinity and zero
⚪ None of these
175. Specific heat of gas during adiabatic change is: (1 point)
⚪ Infinite
⚪ Zero
⚪ Between infinity and zero
⚪ None of these

176. (1 point)

⚪A
⚪B
⚪C
⚪D
AREA UNDER CURVE OF 2 IS LESS THAN AREA UNDER CURVE 1
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177. Propagation of sound waves in air and other gases is an example of: (1 point)
⚪ Isothermal process
⚪ Isochoric process
⚪Adiabatic process
⚪ Isobaric process

178. If volume and temperature of a gas are constant: (1 point)

⚪ Pressure is directly proportional to mass of gas
⚪ Pressure is indirectly proportional to mass of gas
⚪ Pressure is directly proportional to square mass of gas
⚪ None of these

179. In ideal gases, the molecules are considered as point particles, for point particles mark (1 point)
correct statement.
I) No internal excitation
II) No vibrational energy
III) Only rotational energy
IV) Only translational energy
⚪ III & IV only
⚪ I, II, III & IV
⚪ I, II & IV only
⚪ I & II only

180. If the number of molecules in a gas increases, then: (1 point)

I) The temperature, kinetic energy increases but pressure of the gas remains same
II) The temperature increases but kinetic energy & pressure of the gas remains same
III) The pressure increases but kinetic energy & temperature of the gas remains same
IV) The temperature, kinetic energy & pressure of the gas increases

⚪ I, II, III & IV

⚪ III & IV only
⚪ I & II only
⚪ IV only

181. Internal energy of closed system can be changed by two ways: (1 point)
I) By flow of heat in or out of system
II) By doing work on system or by system
III) Cannot be changed by any way
⚪ I & II only
⚪ II only
⚪ I, II & III
⚪ III & IV only

GEN-01-(PET-2022)-SPSC-26,12,2021 COMPOSED BY: M. HANIF MAHAR

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182. Heat and work both are and can of the body when heat flows into system. (1 point)
⚪ Form of internal energy, Increase the temperature
⚪ Form of energy, Increase the temperature
⚪ Form of energy, Decrease the temperature
⚪ None of these

183. One mole of a monatomic ideal gas is taken from state A to state B isobarically, what is (1 point)
the change in internal energy U A – UB?

⚪3600J
⚪ 2400J
⚪ 6000J
⚪ 8400J

184. First law of thermodynamics is also called: (1 point)

⚪ Law of conservation of energy
⚪ Law of conservation of mass
⚪ Law of conservation of mass and energy
⚪ None of these
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185. A process which can be retraced in exactly reverse order, without producing any change (1 point)
in the surroundings is called:
⚪ Reversible process but not cyclic process
⚪ Reversible and cyclic process
⚪ Irreversible process but not cyclic process
⚪ Irreversible and cyclic process

186. The processes of liquefaction and evaporation of a substance performed slowly are: (1 point)
⚪ Practically reversible processes
⚪ Practically irreversible processes
⚪ Practically reversible & irreversible processes
⚪ None of these

187. The processes of explosion is: (1 point)

⚪ Highly reversible process
⚪Highly irreversible process
⚪ Highly reversible & irreversible process
⚪ None of these

188. According to kinetic theory, the pressure exerted by a gas is merely due to the (1 point)
continuous collisions of molecules of, the gas.
⚪ The momentum transferred to the walls of the container per second per unit area
⚪ The kinetic energy transferred to the walls of the container per second per unit area
⚪ The kinetic energy & momentum transferred to the walls of the container per second per unit
area
⚪ None of these

189. We can, therefore, also say that average translational kinetic energy of the gas (1 point)
molecules shows itself:
⚪ Macroscopically in the form of temperature
⚪ Microscopically in the form of temperature
⚪ Microscopically as well as macroscopically in the form of temperature
⚪ None of these
190. What is the average translational kinetic energy of molecule of gas at 227oC? (1 point)
–21
⚪ 5.21x10 J
⚪ 1.21x10–21 J
⚪ 10.35 x10–21 J
⚪ 6.21x10–21 J
EXAMPLE OF PTB
191. Internal energy is similar to the gravitational P.E, so like the potential energy: (1 point)
⚪It is the change in internal energy and not its absolute value, which is important
⚪ It is the total internal energy and not change in it, which is important
⚪ It is the absolute internal energy and not change in it, which is important
⚪ None of these
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192. When we pump on the handle of bicycle pump rapidly, it becomes hot due to: (1 point)
⚪ Mechanical work done on the gas, raising thereby its internal energy
⚪ Mechanical work done by the gas, raising thereby its internal energy
⚪ Flow of heat from surrounding, raising thereby its internal energy
⚪ None of these
193. A sample of gas is compressed to one half of its initial volume at constant pressure of (1 point)
1.25 x 105 Nm, during the compression, 100 J of work is done on the gas, determine the
final volume of the gas.
⚪ 5 x 10–4 m3
⚪ 7 x 10–4 m3
⚪ 8 x 10–4 m3
⚪ 6 x 10–4 m3

194. (1 point)

⚪ Same in all cases

⚪ Zero in all cases
⚪ Greater in case B and C as compared to A
⚪ Greater in case A as compared to B & C
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195. Which of the following is correct? (1 point)
I) Average velocity of molecule in gas is zero but square of average velocity is not zero
II) Average velocity of molecule in gas and square of average velocity in gas is not zero
III) Average velocity of molecule in gas and square of average velocity in gas is zero
⚪ I, II & III
⚪ I only
⚪ II & III only
⚪ I & II only

196. Can mechanical energy be completely converted into heat energy? (1 point)
I) Yes, in rubbing hands
II) No
III) Yes, in isothermal process
⚪ I, II & III
⚪ II & III only
⚪I & III
⚪ I only

197. The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of the whole of the substance (1 point)
through 1°C is called:
⚪ All of these
⚪ Specific heat
⚪ Thermal Capacity
⚪ Molar heat capacity
198. Which one of the following statements describes a path function? (1 point)
⚪ The sum of kinetic and potential energy contained in a substance
⚪ The heat energy absorbed by a system at constant pressure
⚪ A property of a system that depends on the path taken between the initial and final states
⚪ A property of a system that depends only on the current state of the system, not on the path the
system took to reach that state

199. Which one of the following definitions best describes the concept of work? (1 point)
⚪ The random motion of molecules in a gas at low pressure
⚪ The force associated with molecular motion
⚪ The flow of energy from one object or substance to another due to a difference in temperature
⚪ The flow of energy from one body to another through uniform molecular motion

200. The gas constant (R) is equal to the of two specific heats. (1 point)
⚪ Sum
⚪ Difference
⚪ Product
⚪ Ratio