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YEAR 11/TERM 1
What is Hydrocarbon ??
A hydrocarbon is
an organic
chemical
compound
composed
exclusively of
hydrogen and
carbon atoms
Single bond
Forming 4
strong bond
double bond
Triple bond
Example of a hydrocarbon
9 8 7 6 5 2 1
3
11
10
12
CLASSIFYING OF HYDROCARBON
Assignment 2
Determine the type of hydrocarbon (alkane, alkene, or alkyne) from
the compounds below. (note : look at the bonding in the chain)
(1) (2) (3) (4)
(5)
Alkanes
- General formula
- There is only single bond
The name of alkanes ending –ane
Example :
- Butane
- Octane
- Ethane
Names of Alkanes
n
Look at
the
prefix
NOMENCLATURE OF ALKANES
1. Determine the longest chain and use as the main chain the rest
of the chain become branch. (name of brach is alkyl group)
2. Give number in carbon atom :
• the smallest number closest to the branch
Rules • the branch don’t need to be numbered
3. give the name with this structure:
number of branch – name of branch – name of main chain
4. if the branch more than one, the name of branch is mentioned
once but start with Greek number that shows the number of
branch.
Determine the longest chain
(contain 6 carbon) main chain