KVPY-2018 (Mathematics)-Stream (SA)

19. (d)
Let, A(0, 0), B (x1, 0), C(x1, x1) & D(0, x1)
Area of ABCD = (x1)2  area of square = (side)2

Let P(a, 0) & S(0, b)

Equation of circle is x2 + y2 = x12
(x1, x1)
D C
R
(0,b)
S Q

A B
P
(0, 0) (a, 0) (x1, 0)

Equation of circle is x2 + y2 = x12

x –0 y –y
Slope of AC = 1 = 1 { slope = 2 1 }
x1 – 0 x2 – x1

 Slope of PQ & SR = 1  =
4
Let PQ = SR = d
Using parametric coordinate (x1 r cos, y1 r sin)
 d d  
Q = (a + dcos45°, 0 + dsin45°) =  a + ,  { Here (x1, y1) = (a, ); r = d;  = 4 }
 2 2
 d d  
R = (0 + dcos45°; b + dsin45°) =  ,b+  { Here (x1, y1) = (0, b); r = d;  = 4 }
 2 2
Q and R lies on Arc BD
2 2
 d   d 
 a +  +  = x1
2

 2  2
 a2 + d2 + 2 ad = x12 ………..(1)
Similarly b2 + d2 + 2 bd = x12 ……….(2)
And
(PS)2 = (d)2 a2 + b2 = d2 ……….(3)
 Slope of PS = –1 (PS ⊥ AC) { slope of AC = 1}
–b
 = –1  a=b ……………(4)
a
From (3) & (4)
 2a2 = d2
d
 a= = b put in eq (1)
2
d2 2
Now + d2 + d2 = x12 d2 = x12 = Area (PQRS)
2 5

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