Topic: Nervous system and sensory organ in fishes

1.What are the three main divisions of the nervous system in fishes?

Answer :central,Peripheral,autonomic

2.What is the primary function of the forebrain in fishes?

Answer: Reception of smell

3.Which part of the brain in fishes coordinates functions like migration, parental care, and breeding
behavior?

Answer: Telencephalon

4.Which part of the brain in fishes controls the endocrine system and receives diffused light stimuli?

Answer: Diencephalon

5.What is the main function of the optic tectum in the midbrain of fishes?

Answer: Coordination of vision and equilibrium

6.The cerebellum in fishes is responsible for what?

Answer: Control of swimming equilibration

7.Which part of the hindbrain is more prominent in chondrichthyes and bony fishes?

Answer: Cerebellum

7.What fills the central canal of the spinal cord in fishes?

Answer: Cerebrospinal fluid

8.Which part of the peripheral nervous system in fishes includes cranial nerves?

Answer: Central nervous system

9.How many pairs of cranial nerves are there in fishes?

Answer: 10

10.Which cranial nerve carries visual impulses in fishes?

Answer: Optic nerve

11.What are neuromasts in the lateral line system?

Answer: Sensory and support cells

12.Where are superficial neuromasts found in fishes?

Answer: On the skin surface

13.What does the lateral line system in fishes primarily sense?

Answer: Water movement

14.What does the autonomic nervous system in fishes control?

Answer: Heart 15.performance and blood pressure

16.What is the main function of the hypothalamus in the diencephalon of fishes?

Answer: Control of endocrine system

17.What is the function of the torus longitudinalis in the optic tectum?

Answer: Sense of equilibrium and vision

18.In fishes, which part of the brain acts as the eye-body coordinating center?

Answer: Optic tectum

19.Which cranial nerve is responsible for innervating the superior oblique muscle of the eye in fishes?

Answer: Trochlear nerve

20.Which cranial nerve in fishes carries sensory impulses from the utricular and ampullae of the
internal ear?

Answer: Vestibular nerve

21.What is the main function of the lateral line canal system in fishes?

Answer: Determining water movement

22.What are the two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system in fishes?

Answer: Sympathetic and parasympathetic

23.In which group of fishes are irregular sympathetic ganglia found along the sides of the vertebral
column?

Answer: Chondrichthyes

24.What is the main function of canal neuromasts in fishes?

Answer: Pressure detection

25.Which part of the hindbrain contains the pineal body?

Answer: Diencephalon

26.What is the function of the habenulae in the epithalamus of the diencephalon?

Answer: No specific function is mentioned in the provided text.

27.Where is the pineal body located in the diencephalon?

Answer: In the roof of the diencephalon.

28.What lies below the hypothalamus in fishes?

Answer: The pituitary gland.

29.How many optic nerves enter the brain in the antero-dorsal part of the diencephalon in fishes?

Answer: A pair of optic nerves.

30.What is the main function of the medulla oblongata in the hindbrain of fishes?

Answer: Control of various somatic and visceral functions, including respiratory and osmoregulatory
functions.

31.What is the cavity inside the cerebellum known as in fishes?

Answer: Metacoel.

32.What is the main function of the metacoel in the cerebellum of fishes?

Answer: No specific function is mentioned in the provided text.

33.What type of neurons are the giant cells found in the medulla of higher bony fishes
(Actinopterygii)?

Answer: Large neurons.

34.What sensory impulses do the giant cells in the medulla transmit in fishes?

Answer: Multiple sensory impulses mainly from lateral-line centers to the caudal and swimming
muscles of the body.

35.What functions do the medulla oblongata control in bony fishes?

Answer: Respiratory and osmoregulatory functions.

36.What are the two separate regions seen in the transverse section of the spinal cord in fishes?

Answer: Central and peripheral regions.

37.What does the central region of the spinal cord in fishes contain?

Answer: Numerous nerve cells and appears grey, known as grey matter.
38.What surrounds the grey matter in the spinal cord of fishes?

Answer: The peripheral region, which contains myelinated nerve fibers and is known as white matter.

39.What fills the central canal of the spinal cord in fishes?

Answer: Cerebrospinal fluid.

40.Which cranial nerve arises from the sides of the medulla oblongata and runs behind the facial
nerve?

Answer: Hyomandibular branch of the Facial nerve.

41.What is the main function of the glossopharyngeal nerve in fishes?

Answer: Supplies to the hyoid arch, muscles of the first gill slit, and the taste bud.

42.How many branches does the Vagus cranial nerve divide into in fishes?

Answer: Five branches.

42.What are the functions of the branches of the Vagus cranial nerve in fishes?

Answer: (i) Supra-temporal branch, (ii) Dorsal recurrent branch, (iii) Body lateral line branch, (iv)
Visceral branch, (v) Branchial branch.

43.What are the two different types of neuromasts based on their location in fishes?

Answer: Superficial neuromasts and canal neuromasts.

44.What is the fluid inside the canals that contact the surrounding water via canal pores in canal
neuromasts?

Answer: The surrounding water.

45.What is the main function of canal neuromasts in fishes?

Answer: Pressure detection between associated canal pores.

46.What do the lateral line canals of fishes comprise?

Answer: Supraorbital, infraorbital, otic, postotic, mandibular, and preopercular canals at the cephalic
region.

47.What can fishes sense with the help of the lateral line system?

Answer: Direction and rate of water movement, their own movement, predators or prey, and any
water displacement.

48.What type of nervous system controls the aperture of the iris, blood pressure, blood flow through
gills, and secretion of catecholamines from the chromaffin in fishes?

Answer: Autonomic nervous system.

49.Is there an apparent parasympathetic system present in both cartilaginous and bony fishes?

Answer: No, there is no apparent parasympathetic system present in both cartilaginous and bony fish