`

Elementary

Learning Strand 1
Communication Skills (English)
THE ABILITY TO READ AND LISTEN WITH
UNDERSTANDING
Accreditation and Equivalency (A&E) Program Module
 Book Record

School: District:

Division: Region: Date Received by School:

To the Learner
Use the table below by following the instructions:
1. Write your name clearly under the column Name of Borrower.
2. Use the following letters in recording the condition of the book before and after borrowing:

A. new C. used book in Fair Condition

B. used book in Good Condition D. used book in Poor Condition

Date
Name of Borrower Date Issued Condition Condition
Returned

Take Care of Your Book

Dos:
1. Cover your book using a plastic cover,
manila paper, old newspaper, or magazine.
2. Be sure your hands are clean when you
handle or turn the pages.
Don’ts:
1. Do not fold the pages.
2. Do not write on the cover or pages.
3. Do not cut out any picture.

3. When using a book for the first time, lay it 4. Never detach or tear any page.
on its back and open only a few pages at a
5. Do not leave it open or lying face down
time.
when not in use.
4. Use a piece of paper or cardboard for
6. Do not use pencils, ballpens, or thick
bookmarks.
objects as bookmarks.
5. Paste or tape immediately any torn pages.
7. Do not force the book into a packed
Always take care of damaged book.
schoolbag.
6. Handle the book with care when passing
8. Do not use it to cover your head when it is
from one person to another.
7. Always keep your book in a clean dry place. raining.

8. When your book is lost, report it to your 9. Do not sit on it.

teacher right away.
 Elementary

Learning Strand 1
Communication Skill (English)
THE ABILITY TO READ AND LISTEN
WITH UNDERSTANDING
Accreditation and Equivalency (A&E) Program Module
Copyright Page

Learning Strand 1 – Elementary

Alternative Learning System
The Ability to Read and Listen with Understanding
First Edition, 2023
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall
subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior
approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created
shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or
office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos,

brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their
respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and
seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright
owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Sara Z. Duterte-Carpio
Undersecretary: Gina O. Gonong
Assistant Secretary: G.H. S. Ambat

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Jose Martin M. Matubis

Editors: Ronelo G. Collamar, Veronica M. Lumogdang & Errol John P.

Ruiz

Reviewers: Josephine Eronico, Emelyn Talaue-Cambe, Antonio Laceste

Illustrator: Lawrence C. Arabia, Vincent A. Erispe, Alberto Jastive Tiangco

Layout Artist: Melody Zulaybar-De Castro, Roldan R. Rivero

Management Team:

Bureau of Alternative Education (BAE)

Bureau of Learning Resources (BLR)
Regional Office NCR
Schools Division of Manila
vii
User’s Guide
For the ALS Learner:

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What Is This Module This will give you an idea of the skills or
About? competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

Let’s See What You This part includes an activity that aims to
Already Know check what you already know about the
lesson. If you get all the answers correct
(100%), you may decide to skip
What Will You Learn from This contains objective/s or the learning
This Module? competencies in a lesson. This may include a
brief rationale on what you will learn.

Let’s Do This This part gives instruction to the learner to

perform the activity/ies as mentioned-above to
ensure learning the competencies or the
objectives.

Let’s Study and Analyze This section provides a brief discussion of the
lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

Let’s Try This This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the answers
to the exercises using the Answer Key at the
end of the module.

Let’s See What You Have This section provides an activity that will
Learned help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill in real-life situations or concerns.

viii
 Let’s Remember and This contains key concepts taken from all the
lessons covered in every module.
Review

Explore More This is an activity in a form that increase the

strength of the response and tends to induce
repetitions of actions/learning.
This is a task which aims to evaluate your level
What Have You of mastery in achieving the given learning
Learned?
competency.

This contains answers to all activities in the

Answer Key module.

Glossary This portion gives information about the

meanings of the specialized words used in the
module.

This is a list of all sources used in developing

Reference this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer the Pre-assessment before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your ALS Teacher/Instructional Manager/Learning
Facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your ALS Teacher/Instructional Manager/Learning
Facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

ix
 Contents

Copyright Page ……………………………………………………………………………iv

Introduction……………………………………………………………………………….. v
Contents ……………………………………………………………………………………vi
What Is This Module About? ………………………………………………………….. 1
Let’s See What You Already Know …………………………………………………… 1
What Will You Learn from This Module? ………………………………………….. 4
Let’s Do This ……………………………………………………………………………… 4
Lesson 1 – Infer/Predict outcomes of situations presented in written
materials. …………………………………………………………………………………. 4
Let’s Study and Analyze ……………………………………………………………….. 5
Let’s Try This……………………………………………………………………………… 6
Let’s See What You Have Learned……………………………………………………. 7
Let’s Remember and Review…………………………………………………………… 7
Let’s Do This………………………………………………………………………………. 8
Lesson 2 – Use a particular kind of sentence for specific purpose and
audience: following and giving directions…………………………………………... 8
Let’s Study and Analyze………………………………………………………………..10
Let’s Try This…………………………………………………………………………….. 11
Let’s See What You Have Learned……………………………………………………12
Let’s Remember and Review…………………………………………………………..14
Let’s Do This………………………………………………………………………………15
Lesson 3 – Draw generalizations and conclusions based on materials
provided…………………………………………………………………………………… 15
Let’s Study and Analyze………………………………………………………………..16
Let’s Try This…………………………………………………………………………….. 19

x
Let’s See What You Have Learned……………………………………………………20
Let’s Remember and Review…………………………………………………………..21
What Have You Learned?...........................................................................22
Answer Key………………………………………………………………………………. 26
Glossary……………………………………………………………………………………27
References…………………………………………………………………………………28

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 What Is This Module About?

This module is designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the skills in reading and listening. The scope of this module permits it to be
used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the
diverse vocabulary level of learners. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the module you are now using.

The module is developed with three learning competencies, namely:

● Lesson 1 – Infer/Predict outcomes of situations presented in written materials.

LC: LS1CS/EN-R-PSD-LE/JHS-20
● Lesson 2 – Use a particular kind of sentences for specific purpose and
audience: following and giving directions.
LC: LS1CS/EN-S-PSD-AE-46
● Lesson 3 – Draw generalizations and conclusions based on materials provided.
LC: LS1CS/EN-V-PSC-JHS-26

Let’s See What You Already Know

Activity 1.1: Read and understand the following situations and identify what will
happen next. Write the letter of your choice on your answer sheet.

1. Nikko woke up. He was excited and happy because the sun was up and
bright. For him it was a perfect day to visit her grandmother’s house.
A. He went back to sleep.
B. He jumped out of bed.
C. He watched television.
2. Although Carl was a working student, still he was more than ready for the
singing contest. He never forgot to practice whenever he got the chance to
do so. Then Carl ___________________.
A. sang well
B. forgot all the lyrics of song
C. played musical instruments
3. Herold knew a storm was coming. The sky turned gray and the wind began
to blow. Herold _________________.
A. went outside and play basketball
B. stayed inside with his family
C. visited his Grand Mother’s house

1
 4. It’s Marilou’s Birthday. Her father prepared a present and bought a cake
from the bakery. Marilou ________________.
A. blew the candle and received the present
B. fed the cat and washed the used plates
C. returned the cake and bought some cadies

Activity 1.2: Look at the picture and tell what will happen next. Write your answer
on a separate sheet of paper.

1. The boy is hungry.

He will eat.

He will take a bath.

He will sleep.

2. They water the plants.

The plants will die.

The plants will not grow.

The plants will grow.

3. The girl is walking in the rain

with an umbrella.
She will swim.

She will get a cold.

She will not get wet.

4. Jose is texting while walking.

He will get an accident.

He will be happy.

He will get wet.

2
Activity 1.3: Draw a sun ( ) if the statement below is true and correct and moon
( ) if it’s not. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
Statement Answer

1. Giving direction is one way of telling someone how

to do something or how to go from one place to
another.

2. The use of time order words such as first, then,

next, and last or, the use of number before the
words in writing a direction is a must.

3. In following direction, you avoid to do something

correctly.

4. In writing a direction, make sure that all the steps

are included and done in the right order.

5. In giving a direction, always check all the errors, in

spelling, capitalization and punctuation.

What Will You Learn from This Module?

Good readers can easily guess what will happen in the story or selection they
are reading. The actions and events enable the reader to tell what is likely to occur.
This is called predicting outcomes. Mastery of this skill improves comprehension
reading.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. give direction in forms of writing accurately;
2. read the paragraphs/articles with comprehension;
3. note important facts and details; and
4. draw conclusion based on what the character says and does in a
given situation.

3
 Lesson
Infer/Predict outcomes of situations
1 presented in written materials.

Let’s Do This

Activity 1.1: Read each situation carefully and identify the possible outcome. Write
your responses on a separate sheet of paper.

1) Jose was walking in the park, he suddenly stopped because he found a wet
dog. Then he decided to ______________.

A. leave the dog.

B. feed the dog.
C. bring the dog home.
2) Jose dried the dog’s body with a towel. He saw that the dog was craving for
food. He ___________________.

A. gave the dog food.

B. gave the dog bath.
C. brought the dog to bed.
3. Jose loved the dog. Sometimes, he thought of keeping the dog; however, he
thought that the owner might be looking for his pet. Jose decided to
____________.

A. find the owner.

B. sell the dog.
C. hide the dog.
4. Jose felt sorry for the dog’s owner. He read on the newspaper’s lost-and-found
column. Jose read the description of the dog. He found the right owner, so he
_____________.

A. kept quiet.
B. sent the dog back to the street.
C. called up the owner.

4
 Let’s Study and Analyze

Predicting outcomes means deciding in advance what will happen in a story,

based on clues in the passage and your experience with similar situations. The
actions and events enable the readers to tell beforehand what is likely to happen. It
is an important strategy in reading because it allows the readers to use information
from the text, such as titles, headings, pictures and diagrams to expect what will
happen in the story or scenario.

The readers can make predictions in a story or situation, based on what they
have already heard, read, or seen which helps :them involved in the reading
process in the way that they can actively think ahead, ask questions as well as
making connections to what they are reading, and interact with the text.

Moreover, predicting outcomes encourages the readers to use critical

thinking and problem-solving skills. Because they are given the opportunity to
reflect and evaluate the text, thus extracting deeper meaning and comprehension
skills.

Examples

Situation Prediction based on clues

1. Jose saw that the dog was hungry Give some food

2. Jose forgot to close the gate The dog might sneak out

Things to Remember

✔ Prediction or foretelling is the end or result of some actions or events.

✔ Carefully consider the details or facts that are given.

✔ Past experiences and knowledge you have acquired will help you predict the
outcomes or possible conclusion to events or stories.

Let’s Try This

Activity: Write two (2) possible outcomes based on the given headline news. Write
your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

5
 UNEMPLOYMENT RATE DROPS IN APRIL Possible outcome #1
By Anna Leah Gonzales

Date: June 9, 2023, 11:05 am

Possible outcome #2
The country's unemployment rate dropped
to 4.5 percent in April this year from 5.7
percent in the same month last year due to
the further reopening of the economy, the
Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)
reported Friday.

Let’s See What You Have Learned

Activity: Provide possible outcomes you expect out of the following situations. Write
your predictions using complete sentences on a separate sheet of paper.

1. You left the gate open.

Possible Prediction: _________________________________________________
2. You skipped your breakfast.
Possible Prediction: _________________________________________________
3. You always tell lies.
Possible Prediction: _________________________________________________
4. He always neglects his duties and responsibilities in the office.
Possible Prediction: _________________________________________________
5. You did not sleep early.
Possible Prediction: _________________________________________________
6. It’s rainy season. It has been raining hard for several days.
Possible Prediction: _________________________________________________
7. Learners are honest and study diligently.
Possible Prediction: _________________________________________________
8. A person crosses a street, suddenly the traffic lights turn to green.
Possible Prediction: _________________________________________________
9. A child does not eat the right food and take vitamins.
Possible Prediction: _________________________________________________
10. The parents do not observe family planning.
Possible Prediction: _________________________________________________

6
 Let’s Remember and Review

✔ Predicting outcomes is the ability to predict what will happen next.

✔ Ways to predict outcome:

1. Clues given in the picture or story;
2. Things you already know or use your use past experiences; and
3. Can be written in one sentence or more sentences.

Activity 1.1 Read the given social community issue and write two (2) possible
impact in the society. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Possible Impact #1

Climate Change Crisis

Possible Impact #2

Points Description

The response clearly demonstrates understanding of the task and provides

4 an insightful explanation/opinion that links to or extends aspects of the
text.

The response demonstrates understanding of the task and provides limited

3
explanation/opinion using situations or ideas from the text as support.

The response demonstrates partial understanding of the task and uses text
2
incorrectly resulting in an inconsistent or flawed explanation.

7
 1 The response is irrelevant; No response

Activity 1.2: Complete the statement carefully. Choose the appropriate answers
from the box below. Write your responses on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. Making a right ___________ is an important skill to develop as a reader.
2. _____________ and ____________ you have acquired will help you predict
outcomes of possible conclusion to events or/stories.
3. Mastery of this skill improves the of _____________ reading.
4. You can make a prediction when you use _________ from the story, together
with what you know from your own experiences, to figure out what will
happen next.
5. It is important to predict outcomes when ___________ and ________________.

PREDICTION PAST EXPERIENCE KNOWLEDGE

COMPREHENSION CLUES READING MAKING

DECISIONS

Lesson Use a particular kind of sentence for

2 specific purpose and audience: following

and giving directions.

Let’s Do This

A. Read and follow the instructions provided in letter A activity. Write your
responses on a separate sheet of paper.

1) Fill in the boxes with the letters of your name.

Last Name

First Name

8
 Middle Name

2) Shade the circle that describes your gender.

Male Female

3) Tick (/) the box that corresponds to your status.

Single Married Separated Widow

4) Home Address:
_______________ __________ __________ __________
No. & Street Barangay & Zone Municipality City

5) Birthdate (mm/dd/yyyy): _____ / _______ / ________

6) Fill in the box with the details being asked.

School Name

School Address

Name of Teacher

Let’s Study and Analyze

Have you ever tried telling someone how to get somewhere or how to make
something? Being able to write, follow, and give directions will help you a lot in
your study.

Writing directions makes you aware of how steps are explained and
sequenced for the person who is expected to follow the directions. Moreover, it also
helps you develop your higher-level thinking skills. Likewise, following directions is
an important skill to learn.

This lesson will help you understand the importance of using details in
giving, following, and writing direction. Your ability to read, understand and follow
directions correctly will help you do things faster and easier.

9
 You always hear directions everyday. There are a lot of opportunities that
you have to give, write and follow directions. Sometimes, you have to explain how
to construct something or how to get from one place to another.

Here are some ways to help you write an explanation.

1. Make a list of all steps. Do not go into a lot of details. Just make sure
that you remember what to write about.
2. Make sure all of the steps are in the right order. Use time order words.
3. If you’re giving directions to create something, make sure you give a list
that tells all the stuff you’ll needed.
4. Start your explanation with a statement that explains what they are
going to do.
5. Write all the directions as briefly and clearly as possible. Use words like
first, second, and next to help the reader understand better.
6. Edit what you have written and then try to follow the directions. Make
changes if you think you’ve missed something important.
7. Let someone else follow your directions, if he/she doesn’t understand,
revise them.
8. Use illustration to make the meaning clear.

Following directions does not apply only in poems and stories. Moreover, in a
day-in or day-out. in school or at work, in games, you always follow directions to do
your tasks correctly. Some directions are easy; some are difficult, and others are
complex. But if you can be very good and skillful in following directions, then there
would be less mistakes and errors in what you do. Your life as a student would be
easier and more enjoyable. Try to answer the next activity.

Let’s Try This

Activity: Choose the correct sequence words that will complete the direction below
in making a home-made atchara. Write your responses on a separate
sheet of paper.

1) In a bowl, combine the shredded papaya and

two (2) tablespoons of the salt, allow to sit for
about one (1) hour or until papaya begins to
release liquid. (last, then, next, first)

10
 2) Place papaya in a cheesecloth and squeeze
firmly to dispel juices. (last, second, then,
first)

3) In a cooking pot over medium heat, combine

vinegar, sugar and the remaining one (1)
teaspoon of salt. Bring to a simmer and cook,
stirring occasionally, for about three (3) to
five (5) minutes or until the sugar and salt
are dissolved. (second, next, third, last)

4) Add ginger, onions, garlic and peppercorns.

Continue to cook for about two (2) to three (3)
minutes. (first, next, third, last)

5) In a bowl, combine papaya, bell peppers,

carrots and raisins. Add pickling solution
and toss gently to mix them. (then, next,
first, last)

6) In a sterilized jar, transfer atchara and close

with tight-fitting lid. Refrigerate for one (1) to
two (2) days to allow flavors to develop before
serving. (last, then, first, next)

Remember the following steps when writing directions:

a. PLAN – Pick a subject, choose something you like to do or make. Pick

something you know a lot about. Then think about what you will say and
what steps you will give in your directions.
Example: Making a sandwich, Playing a soccer, and Doing a cartwheel
b. WRITE – Write the directions, use time order words: first, then, next, and
last or use number before the words.
c. REVISE – Check the direction. Did you include all the steps? Are the steps in
the right order?

d. CHECK – Check all the lines for possible errors in spelling, capitalization,
and proper punctuation.

11
 Let’s See What You Have Learned

Activity 1.1: Arrange the following steps in cooking Classic Yema in proper order.
Write your responses on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Then, transfer the mixture into a bowl. Let it cool down.

2. Next, melt butter in a cooking pot or pan. Pour the egg yolk mixture into the
pan. Continue to cook until the consistency becomes very thick to the point
that it can easily form a shape when molded.
3. First, combine egg yolks and condensed milk. Mix them well. Add chopped
walnuts. Whisk until they are well-blended.
4. Finally, cut the cellophane into 3x3 inch. Scoop one (1) tablespoon of mixture
and place at the middle of the cellophane. Wrap the yema while molding to
form a pyramid shape piece. Continue to wrap the yema until all the mixture
are consumed. Ready to serve, share and enjoy.

Steps in Preparing Classic Yema

Step 1: ____________________________________________________________________

Step 2: ____________________________________________________________________

Step 3: ____________________________________________________________________

Step 4: ____________________________________________________________________
Activity 1.2: Choose two (2) on the following illustration below and write your own
simple steps to follow. Write your responses on a separate sheet of
paper.

1) Preparing Polvoron 2) Making a paper boat 3) Washing your hands

12
4) Washing and preparing your clothes 5) Preparing a mango shake

Let’s Remember and Review

✔ Giving direction is telling someone how to do something or how to go from

one place to another.

✔ Following directions is doing something correctly that is in step-by-step

manner.

✔ In writing a direction, consider the following things: Plan, Write, Revise and

Check.
Other importance of following direction.

1. Saving Lives
In the military and certain trades, following directions may save
your life. For example, in the military and in trades like firefighting, the
ability to instinctively follow directions saves lives.
2. Product Safety
It is important to follow instructions on medication. Not following
the directions on a bottle of medication can lead to poisoning, overdosing,
or clashes with other medicines. Not following instructions on products
like caustic chemicals or aerosols could cause accidents, injuries or
death.
3. Education
If students follow directions, they learn how to perform skills
more efficiently. Students should learn how to follow directions so they
can learn how to perform skills efficiently.
4. Efficiency
Filling out your paperwork properly will often result in being
processed quickly. Filling out your form using the directions can save
your time and papers. Likewise, it weeds out errors and
misunderstanding. For example, in filling out properly your registration

13
 form of driver’s license, it means your form will be processed more
quickly.

5. Navigation
Following directions can keep you from getting lost. Directions
can also refer to navigation. Failing to follow directions can lead you to
somewhere else. This may cause you to be late and lead you to
dangerous places.

Activity: Choose at least two activities and construct your own steps or procedures.
Use a separate sheet of paper for your responses.

1) Cooking and preparing your favorite dishes.

2) Covering of notebook.
3) Preparing your clothes.
4) Washing of used plates and utensils.
5) Traveling from your house to school.

Points Description

4 The response clearly demonstrates understanding of the task.

3 The response demonstrates limited understanding of the task

2 The response demonstrates partial understanding of the task

1 The response is irrelevant; No response

Lesson
Draw generalizations and conclusions
3 based on materials provided.

Let’s Do This

This lesson teaches you the following:

✔ Make a sound judgement and evaluate statements based on facts and

opinion; and
✔ Provide opportunity to evaluate and analyze events and situation through
the stories and actual scenario presented.

14
Activity 1.1: Read the following sentences. Then answer them with a YES or NO.
Write your responses on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Is your aunt your mother’s sister?

2. Are dirty clothes best for school wear?

3. Do animals need water?

4. Do plants need air?

5. Four 25 centavos equal to 1 peso?

6. Is happy the opposite of beautiful?

7. Is cabbage a vegetable?

8. Are party clothes best for school wear?

9. Is air needed to inflate the tire?

10. Does man need some rest?

Activity 1.2: Read the two stories below and differentiate which is the fiction to
Nonfiction. Write your answers to the guide questions on a separate
sheet.

Article 1 Article 2

The Independence Day The Adarna Bird

Independence was proclaimed on

The story focus on about
12 June 1898 between four and five in the
catching the mythical bird that
afternoon in Cavite at the ancestral home
possesses magical powers. The Adarna
of General Emilio Aguinaldo. The event
bird is so beautiful and could change
started with the unfolding of the Flag of
into a lot of stunning forms. It is very
the Philippines, which was made in Hong
much hard to capture. It knows a total
Kong by Marcela Agoncillo, Lorenza
of seven songs which could either
Agoncillo, and Delfina Herboza, and
enchant anyone to sleep, turn someone
followed by the performance of the Marcha
into stone or heal a deadly sickness.
Filipina Magdalo, who led the national
That is reason why the dying King
anthem, Lupang Hinirang, composed by
Fernando of Berbania tasked his three
Julián Felipe and played by the San
sons to catch the magical bird.
Francisco de Malabon marching band.

Guide Questions:

1. What are the articles about?

15
 Article 1: _______________________________________________________

Article 2: _______________________________________________________

2. Identify the similarities and differences of the two articles.

Similarities: ___________________________________________________

Differences:

3. Between the two paragraphs presented, which do you think is considered as a

fiction (fantasy)? What about the nonfiction (reality)? Justify your answers.

__________________________________________________________________________

Let’s Study and Analyze

While you read you also think and evaluate if an event or action present in
the text is a fiction (fantasy) or nonfiction (reality), fact or opinion, right or wrong,
and true or false. By analyzing the little things that are evident in the story or
events of real situation, you could make better judgement, formulate bigger
concepts or generalizations. These generalizations or evaluations are often based on
your own experiences in life.

Moreover, the title of a selection may tell you if the text is likely to present
real or unreal situations. Some stories may tell about something that actually
happened and their characters are real persons; the places actually exist. These
types of stories are called nonfiction. On the other hand, some stories tell events
that exist only in the author’s imagination. The places mentioned in these stories
do not exist and the characters are not real persons. These types of stories are
called fiction.

Activity: Read each statement and then decide whether it is a fact or opinion.
Explain your answers. Use a separate sheet of paper for your responses.

1. Dancing is a safe and a healthy activity. (Fact or Opinion)

Explain: __________________________________________________________
2. Flour is the main ingredient in pizza dough. (Fact or Opinion)
Explain: __________________________________________________________
3. Trucks are more useful than cars. (Fact or Opinion)
Explain: __________________________________________________________
4. Sleeping in a car is unsafe. (Fact or Opinion)
Explain: _________________________________________________________
5. Drinking alcohol while driving is dangerous. (Fact or Opinion)

16
 Explain: _________________________________________________________
Fiction and Nonfiction
The first illustration is an example of a nonfiction materials. It presents
historical facts that actually happened. The event described can be found in our
Philippine history. The second illustration is an example of a fiction work. The
animal characters in the illustration talks to one another like human beings. It is
something that you would never hear in real life. Differentiating and recognizing
the content of reading materials if its present real to unreal situations allows the
readers to make a good judgement without any biases and interpret the story or
situation that points to the right choice.

Illustration #1 Illustration #2

The Independence Day The Adarna Bird

Fact and Opinion

A statement of fact is one that everyone believes as true and that it can be
proven to be true. However, a statement of opinion expresses the way other person
feels about something. The person may say something based on his personal
judgement and belief. This kind of statement is difficult to prove or cannot be
proved because it is very subjective. Determining and differentiating the fact from
opinion in the reading materials allows the readers to become analytical in their
reading and listening skills.
Baguio Is located In Luzon Baguio Is more beautiful than Davao City

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
File:Baguio_City_Philippines.jpg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
File:Burnham_Park_baguio_boats_2004.jpg

17
 https://commons.wikimedia.org/
wiki/File:Davao_City_skyline_01.jpg

⮚ It is a fact that Baguio is one of the
province in Luzon.
⮚ If you are doubtful about this
statement, you can confirm it by
looking at the map of the
Philippines.
⮚ This statement may be true to you but
it may not be true to other people
because it is based on your own
personnel judgement.
⮚ It expresses the way other person feels
about something

Let’s Try This

Activity 1.1: From the given current issues of our country make a conclusion of it.
Use a separate sheet for your responses.

Current Issues Conclusion

Issues in Freedom of
Expression

Activity 1.2: Read the list of titles below and decide whether it is fiction or non-
fiction. Use a separate sheet for your responses.

1. How rains forms answer: _____________

2. Ellissa and the Dragon answer: _____________
3. The life story of Dr. Jose Rizal answer: _____________
4. Mickey’s Magic Lamps answer: _____________
5. Marikina, the shoe capital of Philippines answer: _____________

Activity 1.3: Write F if the statement below is a fact and O if it is an opinion. Use a
separate sheet for your responses.

Statement Answer

18
 1. Story of headless horsemen.

2. Magellan came to one of the Islands of the Phillippines on

March 16, 1521.

3. When Guilliver woke he found himelf surrounded by a crowd

of tiny men, who are six inches tall.

4. The bamboo is tall and thin.

5. Rice is the staple food of the Filipinos.

Let’s See What You Have Learned

Generalization or conclusion is a general or broad statement made on as

much available information as possible. Moreover, generalization must follow
logically from the information it is based on.

For example, you are inside a house on a stormy day. Here is a conclusion
you might make from the facts you know.

Fact #1: It has been raining all day long.

Fact #2: The wind is blowing hard.
Conclusion: There are some plants that are uprooted.

Another example

Facts: Jose plays the violin.

Jose has a huge record collection.
Jose goes to concerts as often as possible.

Question: Is it valid to say that Jose enjoys music?

Answer: Yes, Jose loves music.

Activity: Read the following situations. Then, tick the possible conclusion found in
the right column. Use a separate sheet for your responses.

SITUATION CONCLUSION

1. - Illegal loggers came to the forest to cut ___a. The forest will
become denude
trees.
___b. People have to plant

19
 - They cut trees in the afternoon.

- They do not plant tress to replace the one they trees.

cut.

2. - There is a lady who appears in the

___a. There is a lady who
forest.
lives in the forest.
- Many have seen her but she would suddenly
___b. There is a mysterious
disappear.
lady in the forest.
- The forest is four kilometers away from the bario.

3. - He cannot buy medicine from the ___a. He cannot afford to

drugstore. buy medicine.

- He is suffering from diarrheas, but he doesn’t ___b. He will use the

have medicine at homes. medicinal plants to
cure diarrhea.
- The man has many medicinal plants in his
backyard.

Let’s Remember and Review

Generalization or conclusion is a general or broad statement made on as

much available information as possible.

For writers and readers, sometimes it is hard to tell the difference between
fiction and nonfiction. In general, fiction refers to plot, settings, and characters
created from the imagination. Examples of works of fiction are novels, short stories,
tales, legends, myths, fantasy, fables etc. On the other hand, non-fiction refers to
factual stories focused on actual events and people, and based on histories,
biographies, and journalism.

Fact refers to something that can be verified or proved to be true and based
on observation or research. It is also a statement that gives true information. While
opinion is a statement that tells what one thinks, feels or believes is true. Likewise,
statements that express ideas that are not yet happening are also considered
opinion.

Activity: Give one (1) fact in each given conclusion. Use a separate sheet for your
responses.

Man should take care of the earth.

20
 Malnutrition is high among the illiterate group of people.

Deaths can be caused by extreme poverty.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)

are the common diseases of the present generation.

Social media is one of the best sources of information.

What Have You Learned?

Assessment 1.1: Multiple Choice. Read and understand the situations below. Then
answer the questions correctly by writing the letter of your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1) Rico smelled smoke. He looked outside and saw where it was coming from. A
pile of woods and plastic materials were on fire. The fire grew bigger after few
seconds. Who did Rico most likely call?
A. Doctor B. Fireman

C. Teacher D. Vendor

2) Francis was watching TV news for his homework. His brothers were talking
loud in the same room. Francis could not hear the newscaster very well.
What would probably happen next?
A. Francis talked to his brother to B. Francis increased the
minimize their voices television’s sound volume

C. Francis started talking with D. Francis turned off the lights.

21
 them

3) Sarah was working on her term paper regarding food preservation. Later, she
realized that her printer had run out of ink. What would happen next?
A. Sarah bought something to B. Sarah bought ink for her
eat printer

C. Sarah walked to the library D. Sarah walked to the park

to borrow some computer together with her dog
books

4) Mariel packed her towel, swimsuit and sunscreen in her bag. She stepped
out the door. Where did Mariel most likely go?
A. Movie House B. Beach

C. Mountain Climbing D. Market

5) Marilyn is a working student. One time, she was not able to set her alarm.
As a result, she was late on her class. What will happen to Marilyn?
A. She missed the important B. She was not able to
lesson of the day. submit her homework.

C. Both A and B D. None of the above

Assessment 1.2: Write the word TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is
not. Write your responses on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Making a right prediction is not important skills to develop as a reader.

________________
2. Past experience and knowledge you have acquired will not help you predict
outcomes of possible conclusion to events or/stories. ________________
3. Mastery of this skill improves the comprehension of reading. _____________
4. You can make a prediction when you use clues from the story, together with
what you know from your own experiences, to figure out what will happen
next. ______________
5. It is important to predict outcomes when reading and making a decision.
__________________

Assessment 1.3: Directions: Read and follow the tasks on each item. 1 – 3 Write
your first name in the square, your middle name in the circle
and your last name in the heart. Write your responses on a
separate sheet of paper.

22
4. Write five (5) of your favorite foods. Arrange them in alphabetical order.

5. Write one (1) sentence about the importance of following direction and explain
the importance in your life.

Points Description

4 The response clearly demonstrates understanding of the task.

3 The response demonstrates limited understanding of the task

2 The response demonstrates partial understanding of the task

1 The response is irrelevant; No response

Assessment 1.4: Identify the word/s that is/are described in each item. Write your
responses on a separate sheet of paper.

A B

1. ________is a general or broad statement made on as

much available information as possible and based on
A. Fiction
fact.
B. Opinion
2. ________is a story which is merely a product on man’s
imagination. Offen its purpose is to entertain . C. Facts

3. ________is a story present events that really happened. D. Non-Fiction

4. ________is a statement that gives true information. E. Generalization /

Conclusion
5. ________is a statement that tells what one thinks, feels,
or believes is true.

23
 Answer Key

Let’s See What You Let’s Do This

Already Know Let’s Try This
Lesson 1 - Activity 1.1
Activity 1.1 Lesson 2 - Activity 1.2
1. C
1. B 2. A 1. First
2. A 3. A 2. Second
3. B 4. C 3. Third
4. A Lesson 3 - Activity 1. 1 4. Then
Activity 1. 2 1. Yes 6. No 5. Next
1. He will eat 2. No 7. Yes 6. Last
2. The plants will 3. Yes 8. No Lesson 3 - Activity 1. 2
grow 4. Yes 9. Yes 1. F
3. She will not get 5. Yes 10. Yes 2. NF
wet 3. F
4. He will get an Let’s Remember and 4. NF
accident Review 5. F

Activity 1.3 1. PREDICTION Lesson 3 – Activity 1.3

2. PAST EXPERIENCE
1. Sun 3. KNOWLEDGE 1. O
4. COMPREHENSION 2. F
2. Sun
5. CLUES 3. O
3. Moon
6. READING 4. F
4. Moon
7. MAKING DECISIONMS 5. F
5. Sun

What Have You Learned?

Let’s See What You
Have Learned Assessment 1.1

Lesson 2 – Activity 1.1 1. B

24
2. A What Have You Learned?
1. 3 3. B
Assessment 1.4
2. 1 4. B
3. 3 5. C 1. E
 Assessment 1. 2

Glossary

Conclusion is something that you choose after carefully considering all the
relevant facts.

Directions is the way in which something or someone travels or faces.

Experience is information that a person gains from doing or observing something.

Facts is anything that has been proven to be true.

Fiction is anything false or fake.

Generalization is a statement that is based on one or more facts

Infer is a form of establishing an opinion based on knowledge.

Nonfiction is a form of writing such as biography or history that is based on actual

events, actual people, and actual facts.

Opinion is a perspective or judgment on something that is created, not always

supported by information or facts.

Prediction is what a person believes will happen.

Reading comprehension is the ability to read a text, interpret it, and understand
its meaning.

Skills is the ability to do an action properly.

Outcomes is the result or effect of a situation, action, or event.

References

25
America's most trusted dictionary. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved June 16,
2023 from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/direction

Atchara. Kawaling Pinoy. Retrieved June 16, 2023 from https://www.kawaling

pinoy.com/atchara/.

Difference between fact and opinion (with comparison chart). Key Differences.
Retrieved June 16, 2023 from https://keydifferences.com/difference-
between-fact-and-opinion.html.

Examples of generalizations. Your Dictionary. Retrieved June 16, 2023 from

https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-generalization.html

Fact and opinion worksheets: Reading Comprehension. Ereading Worksheets.

Retrieved June 16, 2023 from https://www.ereadingworksheets. com/free-
reading-worksheets/fact-and-opinion-worksheets/

Here's the main difference between fiction and nonfiction. BOOK RIOT. Retrieved
June 16, 2023 from https://bookriot.com/2017/ 11/02/difference-
between-fiction-and-nonfiction/

How to make yema. Panlasang Pinoy Retrieved June 16, 2023 from
https://panlasangpinoy.com/how-to-make-yema/.

Ibong adarna summary in english – owlcation. Retrieved June 16, 2023 from
https://owlcation.com/humanities/Ibong-Adarna-Summary-English-and-
Tagalog-Versions .

Leon_1913. Leon_1913 presentations. June 16, 2023 from

https://www.slideshare.net/Leon_1913/ predicting-outcomesmichael-
24594934.

Making Prediction. Retrieved June 28, 2023 from

https://slideplayer.com/slide/17905788/

Making predictions worksheets. E-reading Worksheets. Retrieved June 16,

2023 from https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/free-reading-
worksheets/reading-comprehension-worksheets/making-predictions-
worksheets-and-lessons/.

Predicting outcomes. Retrieved June 16, 2023 from

http://lion102-03.blogspot.com/ 2012/07/predicting-outcomes.html.

Predicting. Reading Strategies & Misconception. Retrieved June 16, 2023 from
https://readingstrategiesmsu. weebly.com/predicting.html.

Reading Strategies and Misconceptions. Retrieved June 28, 2023 from

https://readingstrategiesmsu.weebly.com/predicting.html

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Take online courses. earn college credit. Research Schools, Degrees & Careers.
Study.com | Take Online Courses. Earn College Credit. Research Schools,
Degrees & Careers. Retrieved June 16, 2023 from
https://study.com/academy/lesson/facts-vs-opinions-examples-games-
activities.html

Take online courses. earn college credit. Research Schools, Degrees & Careers.
Study.com | Take Online Courses. Earn College Credit. Research Schools,
Degrees & Careers Pinoy.Retrieved June 16, 2023 from
https://classroom.synonym.com/why-is-following-directions-so-important-
12080577.html.

Teaching fact and opinion: A Complete Guide. Literacy Ideas. Retrieved June 16,
2023 from https://www.literacyideas.com/teaching-fact-and-opinion

What is the meaning of predicting outcomes. Blurtit. Retrieved June 16, 2023 from
https://business-finance.blurtit.com/2378728/what-is-the-meaning-of-
predicting-outcomes.

Why is following directions so important. Synonym. Retrieved June 16, 2023 from
https://classroom.synonym.com/why-is-following-directions-so-important-
12080577.html

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Bureau of Alternative Education (DepEd-BAE)

5TH Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

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Telephone No.: 8-636-36-03

Email Address: bae.od@deped.gov.ph * bae.pmsdd@deped.gov.ph