Full Thesis 2

LEVEL OF EFFECTIVENESS OF BARANGAY PEACE KEEPING ACTION TEAM ON
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CURFEW HOURS IN BARANGAY BAGONGPOOK
VI-C SAN PABLO CITY, LAGUNA
A Thesis
Presented to the Faculty of the
College of Criminal Justice Education
Laguna State Polytechnic University
San Pablo City Campus
In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Criminology
By:
CARY KIM ALMARIO ALCANTARA
December 2015
Republic of the Philippines
LAGUNA STATE POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION
APPROVAL SHEET
This research ent1itled “Efficiency of Law Enforcers and its
Auxiliary on the Implementation of Curfew Hours in Barangay V-A
San Pablo City Laguna” prepared and submitted by PAULO U.
CONCEPCION, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree of Bachelor of Science in Criminology is hereby
recommended for approval and acceptance.
Ms. JENNIFER M. NAYOYOS
Adviser
Approved and accepted by the committee on oral examination

with grade of ___.
Ms. VANNEFAYE NATANAWAN Mr. MARLON M. WANKEY,MSCJ

Member Member
Ms. RICHIE ROSAS S. VELASQUEZ Mr. Dan Brinias

Member Member
MARLON M. WANKEY, MSCJ

Chairman
Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree of Bachelor of Science in Criminology.
December 2015 MARLON M. WANKEY, MSCJ

Date Associate Dean, CCJE
ELISA N. CHUA, Ph. D.

Chairperson, Research & Development
Contribution No.BSCm-15-SPCC_______
THESIS ABSTRACT
The study is design to determine the Level of Effectiveness of
Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team on the implementation of
curfew hours in Barangay Bagong Pook VI-C San Pablo City, Laguna.
The study looked into the demographic profile of the respondents
in terms of a) Age, b) Gender, c) number of years of residency;
d) the level of effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping Action
Team on the implementation of curfew hours in Barangay Bagong
Pook VI-C San Pablo City, Laguna in terms of; A) enforcement of
the ordinance, B) apprehension of violators and C) conducting
patrol. Is there a significant difference on the level of
effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team on the
implementation of curfew hours in Barangay Bagong Pook VI-C San
Pablo City, Laguna relative to enforcement of the ordinance,
apprehension of violators and conducting patrol. Based on the
result, Majority of the respondents in terms of age distribution
belongs to the young which is from 18-30 years of age. Equal
number of male and female respondents were chosen. With regards
to the number years of residency most of them is 18-30 years
resident of the said barangay. In the Level of Effectiveness of
Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team on the implementation of
curfew hours in Barangay Bagong Pook VI-C San Pablo City, Laguna.
A) Enforcement of the ordinance revealed an overall weighted mean
of 2.02 with a descriptive interpretation of

Thesis Abstract
4
“slightly efficient”. B) Apprehension of violators revealed an
overall weighted mean of 2.18 with descriptive interpretation of
“slightly efficient”. C) Conducting patrol revealed an overall
weighted mean of 1.97 with a descriptive rating of “slightly
efficient”. D) Significant difference on the Level of
Effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team on the
Pablo City, Laguna. Using ANOVA, the relationship between these
three indicators was tested the P-value at 0.00. This reject null
hypothesis whereas α having a value of 0.05 is more than the P-
value of 0.00. There is a significant relationship the three
indicators. Because of the difference on how the authorities
handle or manage in enforcing this curfew. From the salient
findings of the study the conclusions are as follows; A) The
Level of Effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team in
the implementation of curfew hours in Barangay Bagoong Pook VI-C
San Pablo City, Laguna as to the enforcement of the ordinance is
“slightly efficient” because the authorities are not strict in
the implementation of the ordinance in the barangay and the
community has little knowledge about the said ordinance. B) As to
the apprehension of violators the Barangay Peace Keeping Action
Team are “slightly efficient” because they are not informing the
family or relatives of the apprehended youth violators and they

Thesis Abstract
4
are not strict on imposing fine and penalties. C) In conducting
patrol the
Thesis Abstract
5
Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team have receive an interpretation
of “slight efficient” they are slightly efficient because of some
problems encountered during conducting patrol they lack of
equipment in patrolling sometimes they are conducting patrol but
they are not monitoring along the vicinity and when there is a
special event. There is a significant different relationship
between the mean score of the respondents in the sub indicator
questions when it comes in the enforcement of ordinance,
apprehension of violators and conducting patrol. As observe in
the indicators all of them received an overall descriptive
interpretation of “slightly efficient”. We can say that there is
a significant difference on the indicators because of the result
in its sub indicator because both the sub indicators of
indicators apprehension of violators and conducting patrol has
the same numbers of “slightly efficient”, “efficient” and “not
efficient” because they are almost related in terms of
implementation of the ordinance. But when it comes to the
indicator enforcement of the ordinance there is a difference its
sub indicator received a different numbers of “slightly
efficient”, “efficient” and “not efficient” because it the
authorities are not enforcing the ordinance properly.
Keyword. Level of Effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping Action
Team on the implementation of curfew hours

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It gives the researcher great pleasure in expressing his
gratitude to all those people who have supported him and had
their contributions in making this thesis possible. First and
foremost, he must acknowledge and thank The Almighty god for
blessing, guidance he showered into the study. He could never
have accomplished this without the faith I have in the Almighty.
The researcher offer his sincerest gratitude to his adviser
Ms. Jennifer M. Nayoyos who has supported him throughout this
study with her patience and knowledge whilst. He attribute the
level of his bachelor degree due to her encouragement and effort.
One simply could not wish for a better or friendlier adviser.
Mr. Marlon Wankey, Associate Dean of College of Criminal
Justice Education, for his vital encouragement, constant
reminders and much needed motivation throughout this study.
To Mr. Dan Brinias who serves as his statistician, for
tabulating those data and giving insightful comments thoughtful
criticism, time and attention during her busy semester.
The researcher is highly indebted to the barangay officials
of Barangay Bagong Pook VI-c and to their residents for allowing
the researcher to float questionnaire, for guidance and constant
supervision as well as for providing necessary information.

Acknowledgment
7
Last but not the least, the researcher takes this opportunity to
extend their deep appreciation to his family and friends for
their understanding and support throughout this study.
CK. A. A
DEDICATION
This thesis work is dedicated to my family, who have always
loved me unconditionally and whose good examples have taught me
to work hard for the things that I aspire to achieve
This work is also dedicated to my friends, who has been a
constant source of support and encouragement during the
challenges of graduate school and life. I am truly thankful for
having you in my life.
CK. A. A
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Title page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Approval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Thesis abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Acknowledgement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Dedication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Chapter
1. The problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Objective of the study . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Significance of the study . . . . . . . . . 36
Theoretical framework . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Conceptual framework . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Definition of terms . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Research paradigm . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Statement of the problem . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Table of Content
10
2. Research methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Research design and methodology . . . . . . 52
Population and locale of the study . . . . . 53
Data gathering tool . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Data gathering procedure . . . . . . . . . . 53
Statistical treatment of data . . . . . . . 54
3. Presentation and analysis of data . . . . . 56
Profile of the respondents
Age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Gender . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Years of Residency . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Level of Effectiveness of Barangay Peace
Keeping Action Team on the implementation of curfew hours
in terms of;
Enforcement of the ordinance . . . . . . . 59
Apprehension of violators . . . . . . . . 64
Conducting patrol . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Significant difference on the level of Effectiveness of
Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team in implementation of
curfew hours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
4. Conclusions and recommendations . . . . . . 76
Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Recommendation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Table of Content
11
Proposed action plan . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Appendices
a. Letter for the barangay chairman . . . . . 85
b. Letter for the respondent . . . . . . . . 86
c. Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
d. Total distribution as respondents to the
Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
e. Anova Single Factor . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Curriculum vitae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
LIST OF TABLES
Table No. Table Title Page
1. Profile of the respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
2. Level of effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping
Action Team in the implementation of curfew hours at
Barangay VI-C San Pablo City, Laguna in terms of
Enforcement of the ordinance . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Apprehension of violators . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Conducting patrol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
5. Test of significant difference on the Level of
Effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping Action
Team in the implementation of curfew hours at
Barangay VI-C San Pablo City, Laguna . . . . . . . 79

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure No. Figure Table Page
1. Research paradigm of the study . . . . . . . . . . 49
2. Profile of the respondents in terms of age . . . . 57
3. Profile of the respondents in terms of gender . . 58
4. Profile of the respondents in terms of
number of years of residency . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM
Background of the Study
“The curfew is a good thing, because 11 and 12 years old
children should not be in the streets in the evening” (Erick
Gonzalez, 2013)
Curfews have been around for centuries as the adult
population has tried to keep adolescents safe. Most adults can
remember being annoyed when hearing their parents tell them they
had to be home at a particular time. Many adults also experienced
being "grounded for life" for violating a curfew. Adhering to a
curfew is one of the first ways many people learned to handle the
responsibilities that go along with freedom (Deana, 2005).
Curfews have reemerged as of late as a prominent choice for
policymakers in their endeavors to hinder adolescent exploitation
and misconduct. Forced on and off following the century's turn,
curfews have a tendency to get expanded consideration when there
is an apparent requirement for more stringent endeavors at social
control. For instance, time limit mandates were initially
established in the 1890's to lessening wrongdoing among settler
youth. Amid World War II, curfews were seen as a compelling
control
The Problem
15
for folks who were caught up with assisting with the war
exertion. Later enthusiasm for adolescent time limit mandates
came as a reaction to developing adolescent wrongdoing amid the
1970’s (Sutphen, 2008).
Curfew is one of the laws that to a great extent influence
the general public particularly the young. The minors are the
primary worry of this law. A time limitation is an official
request to return home before an expressed time. It might
frequently be forced by an administration to keep up open
request. A few locales force curfews on minors. They sanction
time limit law that holds kids less than 18 years old off the
boulevards and far from groups, medications and wrongdoing.
Curfews, which apply to the evening hours, aren't only there to
keep the great children from turning bad, they are additionally
there to keep the great children from being harmed or getting to
be casualties of wrongdoing (Freitas, S.L. 2006).
Time limitation is a request issued by public authorities or
military extremists requiring everybody or certain individuals to
be inside at sure times, frequently during the evening. It can be
forced to keep up open request or smother focused on gatherings.
Curfews have long been coordinated at specific gatherings in
numerous urban areas or states, for example, Japanese-American
College understudies on the West Shore of the United States amid

The Problem
16
World War II, African-Americans in numerous towns amid the
season of Jim Crow laws, or individuals more youthful than a
particular age in numerous towns of the United States subsequent
to the 1980s (Ford, R. 2004)
In the article “The Impact of Youths Curfew Laws on Juvenile
Crime Rates” written by David McDowall, Colin Loftin, and Brian
Wiersema (2005) reiterates that sixty percent of the 200 largest
cities in the United States enacted a new curfew statue or
revised an existing one between 2000 and 2005. “By 1995, more
than three-quarters of these cities had a curfew ordinance in
effect”. During this period curfew laws became a popular
approach for preventing the amount of crimes committed by youths.
According to Mike Males (2013), “Chicago the nation’s
largest city with a curfew, passed its law in 1955. By 1960, 60
of the 110 US cities with a population over 100,000 had curfews.
Thirty years later, 200 US cities had a population over 100,000,
and 150 of these cities had curfews”. In 1996, President Bill
Clinton endorsed youth curfews for helping “keep our children of
harm’s way.” In the late-1990s, the US Conference of Mayors and
the National League of Cities began issuing Best Practices for
cities to follow when enacting curfews.

The Problem
16
Time limitation is a statute that for the most part
influences the general public particularly the young. It is
forced by a
The Problem
17
legislature to keep up open request. In a couple of areas in the
UK benefactors of authorized premises may not enter after a
"check in time" time. In Inver Clyde for instance this is at
present set at 12:00 am. It is apply to the evening times it is
not simply force to keep great children from doing awful thing
additionally to keep great children from being harmed or turn
into a casualty of a wrongdoing (Freitas, S.L. 2006).
Though curfews appear to be effective at reducing juvenile
arrests,” according to Martin Weigel (2011), “it is important to
bear in mind that we have little data on the costs of such
programs, either directly in terms of dollars spend enforcing
such ordinances or indirectly in terms of the opportunity costs
of policing.”
Throughout his investigation Adams (2005) has concluded that
arguably, curfews reduce juvenile offending and victimization by
keeping children off the streets. “Curfews can be used to,
promote increased crime prevention, improved child welfare, and
more effective law enforcement, all at modest cost to taxpayers”
On the other hand, studies showed varied results of juvenile
crime rates after the implementation of curfew laws. He also has
discovered that non-curfew hours reveal more victimization as
oppose to curfew hours. Although curfew laws are very popular
throughout the United States, these studies do not hold a

The Problem
17
sufficient foundation to whether or not curfews reduce crime and
criminal victimization
The Problem
18
A dated curfew outcome study (Hunt and Weiner, 2007)
examined the effects of a summertime curfew law in a large
Midwestem city. Rates of serious crimes (rape, robbery, burglary,
etc.) committed by juveniles during the month of August were
calculated for the four years prior to adoption of the summer
curfew and compared with rates after the curfew took effect. The
findings suggested that crime rates were reduced during curfew
hours. However, there was also some evidence of "crime
displacement", that is, an observable increase in criminal
activities during the afternoon hours when the curfew was not in
effect.
Richard Jahn (2014) said “general curfews have often been
imposed as a response to an emergency, such as riots, and they
usually were implemented only a few days to a few weeks”. The key
difference is that they are intended from the start to be
temporary, whereas youth curfews are intended to be permanent. A
general curfew, which applied to all citizens to respond to a
temporary emergency, was appealed to the Supreme Court in Janet
Scotland v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. They refused to hear
the case. However, Justice Douglas dissented arguing that curfew
laws may be necessary when the security of the state is
threatened, but they raised serious questions about the right of
assembly. He stated he was concerned about the possible abuse of

The Problem
18
curfew laws in clearing the public of “undesirable people,” such
as minorities,
The Problem
19
and he argued a curfew law should be temporary and narrowly
defined.
In, “Why Criminalize Children? Looking beyond the Express
Policies Driving Juvenile Curfew Legislation,” by Deirdre E.
Norton (2007) the factors of the constitutionality of curfew laws
in regards to juveniles was raised. Norton concludes that the
effects of curfews increase search and seizures among minority
youths and their property. In addition, the author reveals that
the oppressive history of curfew laws can lead to a
discriminatory purpose. It also explains the principle of
reinforcing parental authority. In this article, the author
exposes research that found that minority youths suffer more from
curfew laws as opposed to upper class youths.
According to Jenna Welsh (2014) “curfews have many
advantages that teenagers might not realize; these advantages
include staying out of trouble, better time management, less
sleep deprivation, and increased focus in school”. While taking
after curfews, adolescents tend to stay out of inconvenience more
in light of the fact that criminal action or high-hazard conduct
will probably happen later at night when parental supervision is
not present. Curfews help adolescents to end up used to setting a
calendar which they routinely take after, and get to be ready to

The Problem
19
create imperative time administration aptitudes which they will
complete into
The Problem
20
adulthood. Having the capacity to oversee time adequately is
helpful in a mixture of circumstances including school, work, and
individual connections. Setting curfews likewise help teenagers
to have the capacity to get the opportunity to rest at a
respectable time, which prompts resulting center and
attentiveness in school, this could eventually even prompt better
evaluations.
A new curfew legislation in Texas tries to solve more
complex social ills, such as the inability of parents to control
their children and the alarming number of innocent children who
are the unintended victims of drive-by shootings and other adult
violence. In response to an outbreak of youth violence, others as
a measure to prevent youth violence. This complicates the
comparison of before-and-after crime rates between cities.
Curfews also appear to effect on youth above the curfew age, who
look younger and are thus often stopped by police. Juvenile
arrests increase significantly in most cities with curfews, and
the long-term impact of this criminalization of youth is unknown.
For these and other reasons, according to Kline (2009), “it’s not
surprising that past studies have typically failed to find an
effect of curfews on juvenile crime.”
In Australia a legislative and policy level, attempts to
restrict the street presence of gangs have taken the form of

The Problem
20
youth curfews or anti-loitering statutes. The problem of the
police
The Problem
21
officer is in apprehension of offender nowadays teen carry out
guns in some cases when a police officer is trying to apprehend
the offender it turns out to a shootout between the violator and
the police officer. Curfews are used extensively, although the
specific features of each curfew vary considerably in terms of
times, activities, target populations and enforcement. Evaluation
of curfews has indicated that their success is best guaranteed
when coercive measures are accompanied by opportunity enhancement
measures such as leisure and recreation, educational activities,
musical forums (Walsh, 2005).
Under the French government they implement curfews, carry
out house searches and ban public meetings. Police have not
resorted to such force but there have been mass arrests. Since
the uprising began police have detained more than 1,500 people,
many of them of Arab or African descent. The problem of the
curfew law is in the implementation of the law because the lack
of information given to the public on the curfew law. In recent
days over 300 towns and cities have been affected by the unrest
including the Belgian city of Brussels and the German city of
Berlin (Goodman, 2005).
In Switzerland towns and villages are enacting a 10 p.m.
curfew for teenagers 16 and under in attempt to reduce late night

The Problem
21
noise, vandalism and underage drinking. The tourist town of
Interlaken pioneered the early curfew movement in 2006 and other

The Problem
22
Swiss towns have since followed suit. According to Interlaken
police officer Hans Peter Buhlmann, residents complained of loud
teenagers carousing in the community’s town center; they have
problem on conducting patrol due to the lack of police officer in
their towns and village (Subramanian, 2013).
According to Robert Trap in The Database Book, published by
the International Debate Education Association in 2007, “curfews
are not an effective solution to the problem of youth crime”.
Regardless of personal opinion, research finds no link between
reduction in juvenile crime and curfews. The judicial system
often applies a test to see if a law is closely defined enough
and does not give the authorities too much power. Many lower
courts that ruled a youth curfew law unconstitutional later ruled
it constitutional after many exceptions were added to the law.
Although curfew laws violate constitutional rights, the court’s
ruling in favor of curfew laws states they have a “compelling
state interest” of reducing juvenile crime and victimization. Few
people care about the rights of other people, and usually they
only care about their own rights. Many adults seem not to care
about the rights of young people at all, by making their mere
presence illegal. A survey conducted by Wichita State University,
asking cities nationwide a variety of questions concerning curfew
laws, was unable to find one city in which a curfew law

The Problem
22
specifying constitutional issues was a reason for not having it.
For these
The Problem
23
reasons, the only aspect of curfew laws that may really matter is
if they are necessary and if they do, in fact, accomplish their
stated goals of reducing juvenile crime and victimization.
The Milwaukee Municipal Court impose curfew citations to
teens hit a high in 2006, when well over 2,000 curfew violation
citations were issued. So far this only 70 citations have been
issued. At that rate, we’ll be lucky if 150 curfew citations are
issued. This issue has been in the news recently for a few
different reasons. On June 14, the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel
published an editorial urging the city to adopt an even stricter
curfew – 9 p.m. The argument made – and rightly so – is that we
need to try every possible angle we can to curb the deadly gun
violence that is plaguing too many neighborhoods in the city on
an almost daily basis. The lack of enforcement very much leads to
other quality of life issues, including loud music, loitering and
vandalism. These are all activities and issues that are referred
to in “broken windows policing,” and I believe they are directly
related to the lack of curfew enforcement (Donavan, B., 2014).
Curfews can cause more problems than they solve. A curfew is
an arbitrary time by which teens are to be home. The problem is
that curfews become a source of conflict between parents and
children as the teen explains why that particular time just won't
work and the parents stick to whatever time they've determined is

The Problem
24
reasonable. If there is no discussion or negotiation, this can
become an ongoing argument between parent and teen. The teen sees
them as intransigent. She is loath to talk to her parents about
anything as her comment is, "I can't talk to my parents about
anything, they think they know it all” (Lynn, K., 2015).
People in Saskatoon think a youth curfew in Saskatoon is a
good idea, city police warn it could swamp the force. That
conclusion comes in a report prepared for the city's board of
police commissioners. The board wanted to know what impact a
curfew bylaw would have on the Saskatoon police service.
According to the report, the problem in implementation of curfew
is that the police don't have enough officers to enforce a curfew
(Heidt, M., 2006).
Katy's mayor and city council members listened in silence as
Assistant Police Chief Bill Hastings spelled it out - juveniles
staying out late at night in Katy have become a major problem.
Citing statistics of 197 incidents in 2000 that increased to 446
in 2010, Hastings, who addressed the council Monday night, said
Katy had to do something about teens coming into town and causing
trouble. When youths get into trouble, the police find themselves
detaining juveniles and unable to contact the parents for hours.
"We resisted an ordinance before because of the lack of manpower
to enforce it," Hastings said. The ordinance adopted by the

The Problem
24
council spells out the problem, citing the reason for the new
curfew is
The Problem
25
the "increase in juvenile violence, juvenile gang activity and
crimes committed by persons under the age of 17 years in the City
of Katy, Texas" (Greggs, 2010).
Meanwhile in the Philippines, curfew law is being
implemented in different barangay in the cities. Under R.A 9344
“Juvenile and Justice Welfare act of 2006” sec 4. includes curfew
violation under the term of “Status offense”. Barangays where
curfew is imposed the children caught shall be subjected to an
intervention program pursuant to the Section 20 of R.A 9344. Many
barangay all over the country implement the curfew law to prevent
juvenile crimes at night. The implementation of curfew especially
at night time is important to prevent the commission of a crime
that is committed by youth for example riots, outrageous drinking
and the use of illegal drugs (Manila Bulletin, 2013).
The curfew ordinance in the Manila City is imposed by the
Manila City Council approved on third and final reading of
ordinance that imposes a 10 p.m. to 4 a.m. curfew on individuals
18 years old and below in all six districts of the country’s
capital. Minors who are with their parents or guardians will be
exempted from the curfew. Anyone who needs to go out in case of
an emergency will have to secure authorization from their parents
or certification from the barangay chairman. Those caught
violating
The Problem
26
the curfew will be reprimanded. Parents of violators will be
informed, and would be the ones penalized (Philstar, 2006).
The Philippine National Police (PNP) has urged local
government units to strictly enforce curfew for minors around
Metro Manila as one of the ways to prevent children from going
missing. Chief Insp. Kimberly Molitas, spokesperson of the
National Capital Region Police Office (NCRPO), said police will
coordinate closely with local officials to strictly enforce local
ordinances that impose curfews on minors. "There are already
existing ordinances relating to curfew and what we will work out
is the strict implementation of these ordinances," said Molitas.
Most local ordinances enforce curfews for minors from 10 p.m.
until 4 a.m. The NCRPO recorded 40 cases of missing children
since January 2012, most of them aged 13 to 17. Many of these
cases involved children who left their homes due to problems with
the parents. "We believe that curfew ordinances, once enforced
properly and strictly, will help a lot in preventing these
cases," said Molitas. Police station commanders were told to meet
with village officials to maximize the implementation of the
curfew (Philippine Daily Inquirer, 2012).
According to Diana Rose M. Dela Vega (2014) “youth crime is
a major and growing problem, often involving both drugs and

The Problem
26
violence. Imposing youth curfews can help to solve these
problems,
The Problem
27
as they keep young people off the street, and therefore out of
trouble, and prevent them from congregating in the hours of
darkness”. The use of curfews on minors can help to protect
vulnerable children for not all parents are responsible and
inevitably their children suffer, both from crime and in
accidents, and are likely to fall into bad habits.
The curfew ordinance against minors in the national capital
is very much in effect even during the school break, said by Vice
Mayor Isko Moreno. Moreno also urged the Manila Police District
(MPD) to strictly enforce the ordinance, which is partly a
measure against gang wars. He said the ordinance has to be
implemented even more strictly now that students are on vacation.
Ordinance 8046 declares 10 p.m. to 4 a.m. as “barangay curfew
hours" for children and youths below 18 years old. “Being out in
the streets at night time, in the case of minors, would
inevitably make these kids vulnerable to a lot of bad things,
including possible involvement in drugs and crimes, petty or
otherwise," he warned. There is nothing wrong with making friends
or going out with friends, he said, as long as the youth do not
break the law. According to the ordinance, during the curfew
hours, minors are not supposed to loiter in the streets,
commercial establishments, recreation centers, malls or any other
area outside the immediate vicinity of their residence. The only

The Problem
27
exceptions are when they are: accompanied by parents, family
members of legal age or

The Problem
28
guardians; running lawful errands such as buying medicines, using
telecommunications facilities for emergency purposes and the
like; students of night schools and those who, by virtue of their
employment, are required to stay outside their residence after 10
p.m. or are working at night (Manila Bulletin, 2013).
Roxas City councilor here was lamenting what he claimed to
be the non-implementation of Ordinance No. 011–2011, or the Roxas
City Curfew Ordinance for Minors. Councilor Powell del Rosario,
author of the ordinance, urged city policemen under Supt. Julio
Gustilo Jr. to review the measure. There are still many minors
loitering at the city proper at night, del Rosario said during a
recent City Council session. The ordinance prohibits anyone 18
years old and below from loitering on streets and in public
places or establishments here from 10 p.m. to 4 a.m. It also
considers unlawful for parents or guardians to tolerate minors
being in a public place during the said curfew hours.He also
claimed that Mayor Angel Alan Celino suspended the implementation
of the ordinance because it is in conflict with Republic Act
9344, or the Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006. Neither
the Roxas City police station nor the City Social Welfare and
Development Office (CSWDO) has facilities to accommodate the
violators, he said, adding that CSWDO is closed in the evening.
Del Rosario argued, however, that the ordinance does not require
The Problem
28
the arrest of minors. The local law was not suspended, it was
just not being

The Problem
29
implemented, he stressed. The barangay captain may later give a
certificate of compliance to the apprehending officer for the
violator. The city police, the ordinance said, shall provide
support to barangay captains in enforcing the ordinance. Police
stations and barangay halls shall serve as temporary holding
centers for offenders who do not live in the city and are caught
on weekends, holidays, or when CSWDO services are unavailable
(Panay Newspaper, 2014).
Caloocan City Mayor Enrico Echiverri, concerned about
increasing reports of adolescents involved in scrapes with the
law during the unholy hours, urged barangay officials to
implement a city ordinance on curfew for minors more strictly.
Echiverri found issue with the officials following reports of
laxity on the part of local officials in its observance in their
areas. The mayor believes tightening up on the unnecessary
presence of minors in the streets at late hours contributes
significantly in reduced crime incidence. "Enforcing the curfew
more diligently is an effective way to keeping minors off the
streets at late hours that give them opportunities to engage or
unwittingly get involved in mischief and violence," Echiverri
said. The ordinance directs local residents aged 17 and below to
stay home from 10 p.m. to 5 a.m. Exempted from the curfew are
those who study or work at night, and minors accompanied by

The Problem
29
adults or on errands, particularly in emergency situations. The
mayor has ordered city police chief

The Problem
30
Senior Superintendent Leo Garra to double efforts in keeping the
residents safe during these times and deploy additional personnel
to man the streets particularly at night. He had earlier asked
higher police authorities to augment the number of policemen
assigned in the city (Philstar, 2005).
Likewise in Naga City, Philippines was alarmed by the rise
in the number of crimes involving juvenile offenders in Naga City
and in the rest of Camarines Sur due to the weak collaborative
effort between the Barangay sector and police authorities, city
officials have started to strictly enforce a 7-year-old curfew on
unaccompanied minors. Ordinance No. 2004-072, or the Curfew for
Minors, prohibits anyone below 18 years old from being out on the
streets from 10 p.m. to 4 a.m., unless they are in the company of
parents or guardian. Mayor John Bongatsaid “the stricter
implementation of the law would help discourage crimes from being
committed by minors, especially those used by gangs taking
advantage of the juvenile justice law.This is in order to prevent
vandals and protect these children from (getting into) trouble
and from bad influence. This will also serve as a reminder to
parents that problems like these also require their attention.
This is not just a problem for the police, barangay tanod and the
city government. We also need their cooperation”. Bongat also
said that “officials of the city’s 27 barangays would also be

The Problem
30
asked to tune in to a special radio frequency and report peace
and order
The Problem
31
situations in their communities every 9 p.m., or an hour before
the curfew starts. Callers or informants may also report crime
incidents or ask for assistance through telephone numbers 4723000
or 8113000”. The city welfare office had noted the rise of
criminality involving minors, with 25 cases recorded from January
to August last 2008 compared to 23 for the whole year of 2009
(Barrameda 2011).
Whereas, The Sangguniang Panlungsod of Iloilo City has
unanimously approved amendments to Regulation Ordinance 2006-020
which prohibits minors to wander, saunter or loiter in any place
after 11pm until 4am. Proponent Councilor Plaridel Nava II said
that some provisions of the old ordinance establishing curfew for
minors were in conflict with Republic Act 9344 or the Juvenile
and Justice Welfare Act specifically in dealing and handling the
children at risk and children in conflict with the law. Nava said
the amended ordinance shall be known as the Ordinance
Establishing Curfew for Minors. Minors are prohibited from
entering and be present in any restaurants, nightclubs, motels,
dancehalls, amusement places such as internet cafes, video
arcades, karaoke bars, billiard halls, beach resorts and other
similar establishments. The minors are prohibited from selling or
vending of whatever items, products, foods and beverages even
with the presence of parents and its hall be unlawful for any
The Problem
31
business establishments mentioned to admit and allow minors
within the
The Problem
32
establishment premises during the curfew hours (The Daily
Guardian, 2006).
Cagayan De Oro City Councilor Ramon Tabor, chairperson of
the City Council’s Committee on Police, Fire, and Public Safety,
called on parents of young children to get involved in the
implementation of the local curfew law. This is in reaction to
the special report made by Councilor Teodulfo Lao during the City
Council’s regular session regarding the Juvenile Justice Law, and
the Curfew Ordinance. Tabor said that based on their reports,
many young children age 16 and below are involved in various
crimes, where some are used as drug couriers. Under the Juvenile
Justice Law, a child who is 15 years old and below, is exempted
from criminal liability until he or she reaches maturity.
However, the offender shall be subjected to an intervention
program. Tabor said parents should be held responsible for their
children, and should be involved in implementing the curfew
ordinance to protect the kids from committing crimes. To make
parents responsible enough, they must also render community
service to the village if their children are caught violating the
curfew law (Manila Bulletin, 2014).
The curfew ordinance on minors in the city is still in
effect even during the school break, a police official said. Sr.
Insp. Milgrace Driz, spokesperson of Davao City Police Office,

The Problem
32
urged the parents to tell their children to stop going out of
their house
The Problem
33
during the wee hours even when they are on vacation. Driz said
that there are an average of six children getting rescued a night
even after Mayor Rodrigo Duterte ordered the police to arrest
parents seen roaming the streets after the curfew at 10 pm.
Duterte made the order during the Regional Peace and Order
Council last month. The mayor cited humanitarian purpose as the
reason for his order as he directed barangay officials to report
on the issue. Before the order, there were 10 children getting
arrested a night, said Driz, attributing the decrease to the
awareness that the order achieved. Under the ordinance, those 18
and below are not allowed to loiter between 10 pm and 5 am unless
they accompanied by parents, family members of legal age or
guardians. Driz also said that strict implementation of the
curfew on minors is to prevent minors from getting involved in
vices and an effective measure against gang wars (Mindanao Times,
2015).
Ramos (2007) found out that the problems encountered by the
implementing of curfew hours in Navotas City are the lack of
funds to finance the program by the city, the lack of interest or
time of the authority, and poor cooperation of the community are
the major factor that hinder the implementation of curfew.

The Problem
33
A study by Aragon (2009) showed that enforcing curfew hours
in Antipolo City, Rizal encountered problem such as lack of
discipline of the community and lack of cooperation among the

The Problem
34
community members these lead to the low effectiveness of the
ordinance in the City. Perceived effectiveness of curfews as a
crime prevention measure leads to strong support for these
ordinance. In a Bay, Laguna survey, 81 percent of parents and 76
percent of teenagers agreed or strongly agreed that a curfew
helped reduce juvenile crime in their city (Pamanano, 2013).
Perceived efficacy also is a major consideration of public
officials in deciding to enact curfew laws and of judges in
determining their constitutionality.
The police chief in Batangas City, Batangas maintained that
a curfew ordinance reduced juvenile crime by 31 percent to
various crime categories. The authorities implement the curfew
ordinance very strict the result of it is the decrease of
juvenile crime in the City. There are problems encountered by the
authorities these are the lack of cooperation of the community
and the lack of fund to the ordinance but still they implement it
to reduce the crime in the municipal (Capuno. 2014)
The mayor of Los Baños in Laguna justified Monday the
necessity of imposing curfew and alcohol ban to protect the
security and welfare of students in the university town. “Just
like any other ordinance which is permanent in nature, we will
implement it unless repealed or amended through enactment of the

The Problem
35
Sangguniang Bayan,” “The passage of an ordinance imposing
municipal-wide curfew hours will protect our children from
impending harm and danger during night time,” Municipal Ordinance
No. 2012-1120, also known as the Anti-Loitering Ordinance,
imposed a municipal-wide curfew on all Los Baños residents. Under
the law, minors are barred in public places, from 10 p.m. to 4
a.m, while adults are prohibited from 12 midnight to 4 a.m.
noting a police-to-population ratio of 1: 2000, Genuino asserted,
“we cannot depend solely on these authorities in ensuring public
safety. Anti-crime efforts should involve residents, businesses,
academe, and other sectors.” He said consultations with
different sectors of the community were done before enacting the
ordinance, asserting that the alcohol ban–first enacted in 2004
and amended in 2008–is constitutional. “Majority of the resto-
bars are in the thickly populated barangay of Batong Malake,
where the University of the Philippines is also located.
Regulating their business is within the powers of the
municipality, considering the greater good which is the security
and welfare of the students,” he explained (Manila Bulletin,
2012).
Objectives of the Study
This study is intended to determine the level of
effectiveness of the Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team on the

The Problem
35
implementation of curfew hours. Specifically it aims to sight
problems they
The Problem
36
encountered upon the implementation of the ordinance of curfew
such as methods use in implementing the curfew hours and the
effectiveness of the curfew hours.
Significance of the Study
Through this study it will bring knowledge on the following:
community, future researchers, and barangay officials. This would
help them merely understand the matters on this research which is
the curfew ordinance.
The study was conducted to serve as a great help in the
study of criminal justice system in our country, especially to
those researchers who will conduct study similar to the topic. It
can serve as a reference for others who want to know the proper
implementation of curfew for preventing crime.
For the Community this study would help the community in the
aspect of maintaining peace and order, because this study would
determine the effectiveness of the curfew in the crime prevention
in the community. It would also come up with the problems
encountered in implementing the curfew, and to think for a better
solution for the ordinance to be more effective.

The Problem
37
For the future researchers this study might help them to
gain knowledge about the problem and may also be a guide for the
future researchers to conduct relative study about curfew. For
the Barangay officials this study would help them, because this
study will give them basis to their implementation of this
curfew. This would help them to be more effective in implementing
this ordinance. Because of this research they might find the
problems they are encountering, and help them to come up with a
solution to resolve those problems. For the benefit of whole the
barangay to live in peacefully for citizen will be living without
a fear.
Theoretical Framework
This study was anchored by the different theories that
relate its main concept.
A Revised Strain Theory of Delinquency developed by Robert
Agnew (2005) argue that delinquency results from the blockage of
goal-seeking behavior. Unable to achieve valued goals,
individuals become frustrated and may turn to delinquency as a
result. Adolescents are compelled to remain in certain
environments, such as family and school. If these environments
are painful or aversive, there is little that adolescents can do

The Problem
37
legally to escape. This blockage of pain-avoidance behavior is
likely to
The Problem
38
frustrating and may lead to illegal escape attempts or anger-
based delinquency.
The “societal reaction to deviance theory” utilization of
curfew laws tries to keep the interest in degenerate conduct by
adolescents. The adolescent is then marked as freak once the time
limit is abused. This mark slanders the individual and
consequently drives them down a way of consistent infringement in
light of the fact that they are in this manner named freak. Check
in time laws have been seen as positive authorization in
guaranteeing young people are kept out of hurt's route and from
going down a way of misconduct (Ryken Grattet, 2015).
While, Modified Labeling theory by Link Bruce (2006) refers
to the idea that individuals become deviant when a deviant label
is applied to them; they adopt the label by exhibiting the
behaviors, actions, and attitudes associated with the label. The
expectations of labeling can have a large negative effect, these
expectations often cause patients to withdraw from society, and
that those labeled as having a mental disorder are constantly
being rejected from society in seemingly minor ways but that,
when taken as a whole, all of these small slights can drastically
alter their self-concepts. They come to both anticipate and
perceive negative societal reactions to them, and this

The Problem
38
potentially damages their quality of life. Labeling theory argues
that people become deviant

The Problem
39
as a result of others forcing that identity upon them. This
process works because of stigma; in applying a deviant label, one
attaches a stigmatized identity to the labeled individual
Labeling theory allows us to understand how past behaviors of a
deviant-labeled individual are reinterpreted in accordance with
their label. This process of recasting past actions in light of a
current deviant identity is referred to as "retrospective
labeling.
Whereas, the Attachment theory describes the dynamics of
long term relationships between humans. Its most important tenet
is that an infant needs to develop a relationship with at least
one primary caregiver for social and emotional development to
occur normally. Attachment theory explains how many the parents’
relationship with the child influences development. Attachment
theory is an interdisciplinary study encompassing the fields of
psychological, evolutionary, and ethological theory (Bowlby
2013).
On the other hand Structural functionalism Theory this
approach argues that deviant behavior plays an active,
constructive role in society by ultimately helping to cohere
different populations within a particular society. Deviance helps
to distinguish between acceptable and unacceptable behavior. It

The Problem
39
draws lines and demarcates boundaries. This is an important
function that affirms the cultural values and norms of a society
for the members of that society. In addition to clarifying the

The Problem
40
moral boundaries of society, deviant behavior can also promote
social unity by creating an "us-versus-them" mentality in
relation to deviant individuals. Finally, deviance is actually
seen as one means for society to change over time. Deviant
behavior can imbalance the social equilibrium but—in the process
of restoring balance—society will adjust norms. With changing
norms in response to deviance, the deviant behavior can
contribute to long-term social stability (Herbert, 2008)
Curfews also employ elements of incapacitation theory,
though only if narrowly applied. Incapacitation theory holds that
most youth crime is caused by a small number of juveniles who can
be identified and restrained. Curfews used to incapacitate would
be selectively applied only to juveniles who are repeat
offenders, not to all youths. Boston has implemented incapacitory
curfews targeting only youths on probation and, initially at
least, claims success in preventing homicide. Incapacitory
curfews are not evaluated in this paper since California curfews
apply to all youths (Lundman, 2011).
Lemert (2006) added that in “deviation theory” not every
youth who violates the law, regardless of the seriousness of the
offenses, will become a hard core delinquent. Their delinquent
act may simply be a primary deviation, one that is not

The Problem
40
particularly serious and a onetime deviation. Strict curfew laws
help prevent
The Problem
41
youths from becoming potential delinquents. Laws are enforced to
prevent and deter youths from the idea of involving themselves in
activity that may not be lawful. Therefore, curfews provide
youths with responsibility that will prepare them for future
obligations.
Conceptual Framework
This study is confined of explanations that discusses the
main concept of the enforcement of the ordinance, apprehension of
violators and conducting patrol.
Enforcement of the Ordinance
Juvenile curfew policies encompass a variety of restricted
activities and sanctions, implemented with the intention of
controlling delinquency and increasing public safety. Curfews are
built upon the idea that “restricting the hours when young people
may be in public should limit their opportunities to commit
crimes or become victims” (McDowall, 2005).
Enforcement came in the early nineties when violent crime
and victimization of juveniles began to rise and cities learned
how to craft curfew legislation in a manner amenable to the
courts. Previous to this period, many cities had been unable to
defend their curfews from legal challenges that they violate
civil rights, especially the first, fourth, and fourteenth
amendments of the constitution (Richard Jahn, 2014).

The Problem
42
The Adams (2005) review currently stands as the most
complete review of research on the effectiveness of juvenile
curfew policies as a means of reducing crime, and has come to
represent a definitive statement of the failure of such policies.
More recent research suggests that the conditions under
which curfew laws are implemented and enforced may be important.
Harris (2006) finds a correlation between the level of
enforcement of juvenile curfews laws and the presence of a
parental responsibility statute in the jurisdiction, suggesting
that curfew policies may be more successful when communities are
invested in family roles. Finally, some studies have indicated
that curfew policies may be targeted inappropriately and thus do
not deter juveniles from offending.
McDowall (2005) cites a long history of research that
indicates that the majority of serious juvenile offending is
committed by a small proportion of youth. He suggests that if
these youth are not deterred by the penalties for such offenses,
they are unlikely to be deterred by the mild and inconsistently-
applied sanctions imposed for curfew violations.
According to Wilson (2014), most of the studies reported no
change in crime rates as a result of curfews; in addition, they
were just as likely to be increases in crime rather than
decreases. He also notes that curfew enforcement rarely results

The Problem
42
in the detection of serious offenses. The one area in which
curfews
The Problem
43
had a more positive impact was in reducing driving-related
accidents and injuries.
Enforcement of curfews also varies by jurisdiction. Some
laws specify that police can arrest youth and prosecute them as
curfew violators; others require ticketing of youth; while others
specify that police can bring the violators to a detention
facility and have the parent bring the child home after a fine is
paid, in the latter instance, fines increase for repeat violators
(Bilchik, 2007).
More recent research suggests that the conditions under
which curfew laws are implemented and enforced may be important.
Harris (2006) finds a correlation between the level of
enforcement of juvenile curfews laws and the presence of a
parental responsibility statute in the jurisdiction, suggesting
that curfew policies may be more successful when communities are
invested in family roles.
The implementation and enforcement of stronger "status
offense" laws to control youth crime. So-called status offenses
apply to youth but not adults, such as running away from home,
truancy, underage drinking, incorrigibility, and presence in
public during certain hours. The last of these, night time and
schooldays curfews, have won the most attention and have been
cited for their potential to reduce juvenile crime (Krikorian,
2014).
The Problem
43
The Problem
44
Apprehension of Violators
The curfew law has no formal claim that injustice had been
done. The apprehension may be precisely in line with the law.
However, experience of a young people being apprehended and taken
into custody just a few yards from their house is concerned with
the fair application of sanctions that arise with the
administration of rules and laws. It may have been agreed that a
penalty is applied if a rules is broken (Ward, 2013).
The 10% of juvenile offender acts during curfew leads to
apprehension by the police, out of that apprehended 20% are
convicted. There are clearly many problems involved on relying on
the official statistics as a measure of crime and delinquency,
but in despite of this limitations they undoubtedly give a
reasonably good indication of involvement in delinquency and
criminal behavior (Lundman, 2011)
Lawmaking bodies have expanded juvenile curfew laws. If
juveniles are off the street, troubles are fewer. A violation
provides justification for apprehension, if a police officer
wants to make an arrest in the absence of a criminal-type law
violation (Hemmen, 2008).
Conducting Patrol
Limiting the number of motivated offenders and suitable
targets, some curfew laws give police the authority to reduce

The Problem
44
social disorder through increased surveillance by removing a
group
The Problem
45
of youth loitering on the streets or in other public places. The
increased presence of police through directed patrols may in and
of itself reduce disorder and crime (Sherman, 2005).
The main goal for conducting patrol on curfew hours is in
three-fold: to protect our youth from victimization, to encourage
increased levels of parental supervision and to achieve a
reduction of juvenile-related crime and problems commonly
associated with unsupervised juveniles (Cesare, 2013).
The police use saturation patrol to enforce juvenile curfew
greater decreases of juvenile related crime. This could be
explained by increase presence of police and that juveniles
knowing that there are more police in the neighborhood, they do
not engaged crime activities (Fritsch L., 2009).
Definition of Terms
There are the definitions of term related to the study being
conducted.
Barangay. It is the smallest unit of government. It is a
group of more than 45 to 50 families composing a community where
there is relationship, system of life, beliefs, traditions, and
living in same territory.
Curfew. An order issued by the public authorities or
military insurgents requiring everyone or certain people to be
indoors at certain times, often at night. It can be imposed to
maintain public order or suppress targeted groups

The Problem
46
Curfew laws. These are local ordinances that prohibit people
of a certain age (usually under 18) from being in public or in a
business establishment. Curfew laws are almost always enacted at
the local level, by city or county government. The legislative
intent behind curfew laws usually social order goals like
prevention of crimes involving juveniles, and maintenance of the
general peace.
Community. Is a social unit of any size that shares common
values. Although embodied or face-to-face communities are usually
small, larger or more extended communities such as a national
community, international community and virtual community are also
studied. In human communities, intent, belief, resources,
preferences, needs, risks, and a number of other conditions may
be present and common, affecting the identity of the participants
and their degree of cohesiveness. Ordinance. Decree or law
promulgated by a state or national government without the consent
of the legislature, such as for raising revenue through new taxes
or mobilization of resources during an emergency or threat.
Curfew hours. It is an order establishing a specific time in
the evening after which certain regulation is applied.
Crime. It is an act committed or omitted, in violation of a
public law, either forbidding or commanding it.
Enforcement. The act of compelling observance of or
compliance with a law, rule, or obligation.

The Problem
47
Apprehension. The act of seizing or capturing; arrest.
Patrol. The act of moving about an area especially by an
authorized and trained person or group, for purposes of
observation, inspection, or security.
Research Paradigm
This study is intended to determine the reasons in
implementing curfew hours which includes the prevention of
accidents, to have an organized community also to test the
effectiveness of the Barangay Peace Keeping Team on
implementation of curfew hours in Barangay Bagong Pook San Pablo
City.
The independent variable of this study the demographic
profile of the respondents in terms of Age, Gender, Number of
years of residency and the level of effectiveness of Barangay
Peace Keeping Team in the implementation of curfew hours in
Barangay Bagong Pook VI-C San Pablo City Laguna in terms of
Enforcement of the ordinance, Apprehension of violators,
Conducting patrol. The significant difference on the level of
efficiency in the implementation of curfew hours in Barangay
Bagong Pook VI-C San Pablo City Laguna relative to Enforcement of
the ordinance, Apprehension of violators, conducting patrol. Last
is the Proposed action plans to increase the effectiveness of
Barangay Peace Keeping Team in the implementation of curfew hours
in Barangay Bagong Pook VI-C San Pablo City.

The Problem
48
The dependent variable of this study is effectiveness of
Barangay Peace Keeping Team on the implementation of curfew hours
in Barangay Bagong Pook VI-C San Pablo City Laguna

The Problem
49
Independent variables Dependent

variables
1. The demographic profile of the Effectiveness of

respondents in terms of : Barangay Peace
1.1 Age; Keeping Action Team
on the
1.2 Gender; and
implementation of
1.3 Number of years of residency
curfew hours in
2. The level of effectiveness of Barangay Bagong Pook
Barangay Peace Keeping Action
VI-C San Pablo City
Team in the implementation of
curfew hours in Barangay Bagong Laguna
Pook VI-C San Pablo City Laguna
in terms of ;
2.1 Enforcement of the

ordinance;
2.2 Apprehension of violators;

and
2.3 Conducting patrol
3. Significant difference on the

level of effectiveness in the
implementation of curfew hours Action plans to
in Barangay Bagong Pook VI-C San
increase the
Pablo City Laguna relative to:
effectiveness of
3.1 Enforcement of the
ordinance; Barangay Peace
Keeping Action
3.2 Apprehension of violators;
and Team in the
3.3 Conducting patrol implementation of
Moderating
Variable
Residents of
Barangay Bagong
Pook VI-C
Figure1. Research Paradigm

The Problem
50
Statement of the Problem:
The main concern of the study is to measure the level of
effectiveness of the Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team in the
implementation of curfew hours in Barangay Bagoong Pook VI-C San
Pablo City.
The researcher seeks to answer the following question:
1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms
of:
1.1 Age;
1.2 Gender; and
1.3 Number of years of residency?
2. What is the level of effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping
Action Team in the implementation of curfew hours in Barangay
Bagong Pook VI-C San Pablo City Laguna in terms of:
2.1 Enforcement of the ordinance;
2.2 Apprehension of violators; and
2.3 Conducting patrol?
3. Is there a significant difference on the level of
effectiveness in the implementation of curfew hours in Barangay
Bagong Pook VI-C San Pablo City Laguna relative to

The Problem
51
3.1 Enforcement of the ordinance;
3.2 Apprehension of violators; and
3.3 Conducting patrol?
4. What are the proposed action plans to increase the
effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team in the
Pablo City?
CHAPTER 2
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents and explains the methods and
procedures that will be used as basis in conducting the study. It
discusses the following: the research design, population and
locale of the study, the data gathering tool, data gathering
procedure and treatment of data. The methods and procedures that
will be used serve as a guide for him and enables to make an
effective research.
Research Design
A descriptive survey method was utilized in this study since
it requires manipulation of variables to ascertain the level of
effectiveness on implementation of curfew hours in Barangay
Bagong Pook VI-C San Pablo City. For these reasons, the
researcher have chosen a survey method and designed a
questionnaire survey instrument supplemented by informal
interview to assess the perceptions of the residents of Barangay
Bagong Pook VI-C regarding to the curfew ordinance and how it is
implemented throughout the barangay.
Population and Locale of the Study.
The place of the study was conducted in Barangay Bagong Pook
VI-C San Pablo City. The barangay is composed of two thousand one
hundred thirty-one (2,131) residents. Sixty (60) respondents was
selected to answer the prepared questionnaire through random

Research Design and Methodology
53
sampling. The question to be administered was through written
form and accompanied with an informal interview.
Profile of the Respondents
Table 1
Barangay Male Female No.of
respondents respondents respondents
Bagong Pook Thirty (30) Thirty(30) Sixty (60)
VI-C
Data Gathering Tool
The instrument that was used in the study was composed of
the following and was administered to the respondents; Part I
included the respondents profile: Part II is composed of
questions that sought to answer the level of effectiveness
ofBarangay Peace Keeping Action Team on the implementation of
curfew hours in Barangay Bagong Pook VI-C San Pablo City
according to; penalty and punishment imposed, regulated time
given and number of violators. This questionnaire was validated
by members of the panelist and by the barangay chairman.
Data Gathering Procedure
Before giving the survey to the respondents, the first step
will be the researcher is to prepare a letter noted by the
college dean, to ask for the consent of the barangay authority or
officials.
54
The researcher will administer questionnaires to the
respondents of Barangay Bagong Pook VI-C, San Pablo City which
includes about their age, gender, occupation and number of years
of residency in the said Barangay. The level of effectiveness on
implementation of curfew hours described by the indicators
including penalty and punishment imposed, regulated time given,
numbers of violators. After they answered the questionnaire the
researcher conduct an informal interview of respondents.
Treatment of Data
To response the problems of the study dealt on the level of
implementation of curfew hours in terms of: a) Enforcement of the
ordinance, b) Apprehension of violators, c) Conducting patrol and
significant difference in the level of efficiency in the
Pablo City, Laguna according to a) enforcement of the ordinance,
b) apprehension of violators and c) conducting patrol, the
following scale was used:
Numerical Statistical Descriptive interpretation

Rating Limit
4 3.26 - 4.00 Very Efficient (VE)
3 2.51 – 3.25 Efficient (E)
2 1.76 – 2.50 Slightly Efficient (SE)
1 1.00 – 1.75 Not Efficient (NE)
55
For more valid and meaningful interpretation of the data,
the statistical measures was use such as frequency distribution,
means and standard deviation. They will apply to the respondents
profile and the respondent’s related factors. To find out the
relationship of the modified independent and dependent variable
f-test or ANOVA of statistic was used at 0.05 level of
significance. Weighted mean of the data gathered was computed to
determine the numerical and descriptive rating value of each sub
indicator questions. The differences between the three
indicatorswas determined through the use of standard deviation
value of statistic test done.
To aid the analysis and interpretation of the data,
frequency, mean and percentage will apply for the respondent’s
profile. Weighted mean was computed to determine the rating and
interpretation of each sub indicator questions.
The significant difference between the three indicators,
enforcement of the ordinance, apprehension of violators and
conducting patrol on its significant on the effectiveness of law
enforcer and its auxiliary on the implementation of curfew hours
determined through the use of the standard deviate on result of
the Anova Single Factor.

CHAPTER 3
Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data
This chapter presents the result of data collection
procedure on the formulated questions concerning the subject
under study. The study was designed to determine the
implementation of curfew hours in Baraga Bagoong Pook VI-C San
Pablo City San Pablo City, Laguna. Specifically, it sought to
answer the question which includes the demographic profile of the
respondents in terms of age, gender and number years of residency
in the said Baragay. The study also determined the level of
efficiency of law enforcer and it’s auxiliary in the
implementation of curfew hours in terms of: a) Enforcement of the
ordinance, b) Apprehension of violators, c) Conducting patrol if
there is a significant difference in the level of efficiency in
the implementation of curfew hours in Baraga V-A San Pablo City,
Laguna according to enforcement of the ordinance, apprehension of
violators and conducting patrol. This chapter will also show the
respondents how they react on the sub indicators by giving their
statements.
Part I. Profile of the Respondents in term of;
Age
The figure 2 below represents the distribution of the
respondents according to their age.

57
Figure 2 Distribution of Respondents as to Age
Age of the Respondent
41-50
30% 18-30 18-30
42% 31-40
41-50
31-40
28%
Figure 2 shows that out of 60 respondents, 42% belong to
young 18-30 age brackets, 30% belong to middle 31-40 age
brackets, and the remaining 28% belongs to the old 43-50 age
bracket. Majority of the respondents in terms of age distribution
belongs to the young which is from 18-30 years of age.
Gender
The figure 3 below represents the distribution of the gender
of the respondents.
Figure 3 Distribution of Respondents as to Gender

58
Gender of the Respondent
MALE
50% 50% FEMALE
Figure 3 present the distribution of respondents in terms of
their gender. According to the table above out of 60 respondents
there are equal numbers of respondent 50% are male, and 50% are
female.
Years of Residency
The figure 4 below shows the distribution of the respondents
according to their years of residency on how long there are
living in the barangay. In the years of residency the majority is
from 18-30 years of living in the said barangay.
Years of Residency of the Respondent
0 - 15
25% 17% 16 - 30
31 - 50
58%
59
Figure 4 Distribution of Respondents in Terms of Number
Years of Residency Figure 4 shows that out of 60 respondents 17%
are 0 - 15 years living in the said barrage, 58% are 18-30 years
living in the said barrage while 25% are 31-50 years living in
the said barrage. The majority of the respondents are in the 18-
30 years living in the said barangay with 58%.
PART II. Level of Effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping Action
Team in the implementation of curfew hours in Barangay Bagoong
Pook VI-C San Pablo City, Laguna in terms:
A. Enforcement of the Ordinance
B. Apprehension of Violators
C. Conducting Patrol
A. Enforcement of the Ordinance
The table 2 emphasized the Level of Effectiveness of
Barangay Peace Keeping Team in the implementation of curfew hours
in terms of enforcement of the ordinance. Based on the computed
overall weighted mean the law enforcer and its auxiliary are
“slightly efficient” in the enforcement of the ordinance with an
overall mean of 2.02. Mr. Jack Azucena interviewed last October
20, 2015 said that in the enforcement of the ordinance the
authorities is not very strict in their implementation of curfew.
There are times that the authorities didn’t implement well this
59
ordinance. Some of the respondents also added that they didn’t
have enough knowledge

60
about the ordinance. That there are times that when there is a
dispute happening there is no authorities to settle. One
respondent stated that the authorities need to be more efficient
in implementing the curfew to prevent the occurrence of crime
especially in the park that it serves as a hangout place for the
minors.
Indicators Mean Descriptive Rank

interpretation
1. The Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team 2.38 Slightly 2
monitors any person especially 18 years of age efficient
who walks, stay or loiter on the streets, public
plaza, grounds and other public places in San
Pablo City from 10:00 pm – 4:00 am daily.
2. The Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team 2.15 Slightly 4
monitors those enroute to or form one’s place of efficient
employment or trade where night work are allowed
by requiring them to secure & bring
certification issued by their respective
manager/s.
3. Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team monitors 1.88 Slightly 6
those who by nature of work are required to stay efficient
out after 10:00 pm, by requiring them secure the
necessary curfew pass from the Barangay
Chairman.
4. Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team monitors 1.92 Slightly 5
those being taken to the hospital as a result of efficient
sickness and/or emergency by obliging them,
after treatment to furnish the Barangay Chairman
the copies of medical certificate in case their
trip to the hospital was made during the
prohibited hours.
5. Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team are 2.22 Slightly 3
handling violators effectively. efficient
6. Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team are 1.47 Not efficient 8
monitoring crime prone areas by conducting
patrol.
7. Barangay Peace Keeping action Team are 1.53 Not efficient 7
informing the public about the ordinance.
8. Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team implement 2.62 Efficient 1
curfew hours as neutral or without bias to the
offender.
Overall 2.02 Slightly efficient
61
The assessment of respondents with regards to the
enforcement of the ordinance that must be adopt by the Barangay
Peace Keeping Action Team in the implementation of curfew hours
in Barangay Bagoong Pook VI-C San Pablo City, Laguna in
implementing curfew ordinance is presented in table 2. Result
shows that the sub-indicator 10 or “implementation of curfew hour
is neutral or without bias to the offender” received highest rank
with the weighted of 2.62 with descriptive interpretation of
“efficient”. It shows that the Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team
implement curfew hours as neutral or without bias to the offender
so that they can enforce the ordinance to all the member of the
community. In an interview conducted last October 25 2015, Mr.
John Patrick Malabrigo added that in the enforcement of curfew
they observed that the Barangay Peace Keeping Team who is
implementing the curfew is disregarding the family relationship
in implementing curfew. And also the status of that person in the
community whether he or she is a son or daughter of politicians,
a rich person or having famous personality.
The Second highest sub-indicator is “The Barangay Peace Keeping
Action Team monitors any person especially 18 years of age who
walks, stay or loiter on the streets, public plaza, grounds and
other public places in San Pablo City from 10:00 pm – 4:00 am
daily,” under the sub-indicator 10, which got a weighted mean of

61
2.38 and interpreted as “Slightly Efficient”. It connotes that
the
62
Barangay Peace Keeping Team are implementing curfew hours on
the barangay. In an interview conducted last October 20, 2015
Mrs. Auring Balita added that the officials of the barangay is
slightly efficient on implementing curfew because of barangay
officials is being observed that implementing curfew but there
are times that they do not implementing the curfew hours because
sometimes they see the barangay hall empty there is no one there
to conduct patrol.
The third highest obtained by sub-indicator which states
that “Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team are handling violators
effectively” with the total mean of 2.22 with the descriptive
interpretation of “Slightly efficient” because sometimes they
cannot handle offender who are hostile. It shows that the
Barangay Peace keeping team are handling violators slightly
effective in the barangay. However on an interview last October
20, 2015 with Mr. Marvin Rosales, he said that when his nephew
was caught violating the curfew hours his nephew was handled with
care and respect because he was immediately called by the
Barangay Peace Keeping Team and returned to his family without
inflicting harm.
In the mean time Table 2 additionally demonstrates three sub-
indicator with the lowest mean the sub-indicator that got the
lowest rank. The lowest sub-indicator is “Barangay Peace Keeping

62
Action Team are monitoring crime prone areas by conducting
patrol”
63
reflected in sub-indicator 6 got the lowest rank with an average
weighted mean of 1.47 and a descriptive interpretation of “not
efficient”. It has the lowest weighted mean because majority of
the respondents said that they don’t see the Barangay Peace
Keeping Action Team on the places where crime is often committed.
A resident Mr. Cyrus Clanza has been interview last October 25,
2015 he said that the people in the barangay don’t see them
conducting patrol on crime prone areas in the barangay.
Sub-indicator 7 or “Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team are
informing the public about the ordinance” is the second lowest
which got a total mean of 1.53 with a descriptive interpretation
of “Not efficient”. It was the second lowest because majority of
the respondent said that the Barangay Peace Keeping Action team
are lacking information about the ordinance about the curfew
there are no signage or post to give information to the public.
Mr. Ricky Maloles a resident of the Barangay interviewed last
October 20, 2015 said that that they have no enough knowledge
about this curfew. That they didn’t know the regulated time and
punishment imposed.
The third lowest sub-indicator is “Barangay Peace Keeping
Action Team monitors those who by nature of work are required to
stay out after 10:00 pm, by requiring them secure the necessary
curfew pass from the Barangay Chairman” attached in sub-indicator
3 with the total mean of 1.88 with the descriptive interpretation

64
of “Slightly efficient”. It implies that they don’t give special
attention to the workers whose nature of work is requiring them
to stay pass the curfew hours. However during the interview last
October 20, 2015 with Ms. Linda Marasigan a waitress in a bar she
said that the barangay are not requiring them to secure a curfew
pass from the Barangay Chairman because the owner of the said bar
secured the necessary curfew pass for all of his employee to the
Barangay Chairman.
Apprehension of Violators
The table 3 emphasized the Level of Effectiveness of
Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team in the implementation of
curfew hours in Barangay Bagoong Pook VI-C San Pablo City, Laguna
in terms of apprehension of violators. Based on the computed
weighted mean, the authorities are “slightly efficient” in
apprehension of violators with an overall mean of 2.18. It is
observed that they are apprehending violators without harm. In
the interview last October 2015 some of the respondents added
that they are not apprehending violators especially the adults.
Sometimes there are not also informing the parents or guardian of
the violator.
Table 3 Level of Effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping Team in
the implementation of curfew hours in Barangay Bagoong Pook VI-C
San Pablo City, Laguna in terms of apprehension of violators.

65
Sub- Indicators Mean Descriptive Rank

Interpretation
1. Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team 2.37 Slightly 3
implement fines and penalties by giving efficient
them curfew ticket.
2. Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team are 2.57 Efficient 2
giving fair judgement to violators by
asking them why they are still outside.
settling dispute committed during curfew efficient
hours by mediation of both parties.
4. Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team is 2.12 Slightly 5
giving warnings about the regulated time efficient
given of the ordinance.
handling apprehended minor violators by Efficient
bringing them to the Barangay Hall &
informing their relatives
6. Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team are 1.68 Not Efficient 8
handling apprehended adult violators by
bringing them to the Barangay Hall.
apprehending violators without harm or
violence inflicted.
8. Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team are 1.72 Not Efficient 7

informing proper Barangay authority if
apprehended violators are not a resident
of the said Barangay.
Overall 2.18 Slightly
efficient
The assessment of respondents with regards to the Level of
Effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team in the
Pablo City, Laguna in implementing curfew ordinance in terms of
apprehension of violators is presented in table 2. Result showed
that sub-indicator 7 or “Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team are
apprehending violators without harm or violence inflicted” has
the total mean of 2.87 with a descriptive interpretation of
“efficient”. It shows that it is strictly observed by the public

66
that no harm is being done in the victim whether physical or
emotional the law enforcer is in tack with the conduct in giving
patience to apprehended violators. The respondents added that
observe that there is no harm inflicted to the apprehended
violators because they observe always a good and pleasant
conversation upon apprehension of violators this is based from
the interview last October 2015.
It implies that there are well in handling violators there
are much giving fair treatment to apprehended violators. In the
interview to Mr. Joel Balita a resident last October 20, 2015 he
asserted that his brother is once apprehended and she has been
given a fair treatment although the son of a councilor is also
apprehended but sometimes if there is a hostile offender they
don’t how to handle it.
The second highest is the sub-indicator 2 or “Barangay Peace
Keeping Action Team are giving fair judgement to violators by
asking them why they are still outside” with the total mean of
2.57 with a descriptive interpretation of “Efficient” it implies
that they give fair judgement to the violators and letting them
explain why they are still outside on curfew hours. On an
interview with Mr. Carl Ansama last October 20, 2015 he said that
he saw the Barangay Peace keeping Team asking a boy why he is
still outside
67
on that time the boy explained why he is still outside and the
Barangay Peace Keeping Team escorted the boy to his house.
The third highest obtained by sub-indicator 1 which states
that “Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team implement fines and
penalties by giving them curfew ticket” with the total mean of
2.37 with a descriptive interpretation of “Slightly Effective”.
It implies that there are not that efficient in imposing fines
and penalty there are very soft they do not impose penalty
instead of penalty they divert it to a community service program.
On the interview to Mr. Alberto Belen a Barangay Peace Keeping
Team last October 20, 2015 he said that whenever they have an
apprehended person during curfew they do not impose fines. But as
a penalty they are given a community service during first Sunday
of the month.
Upon the gathering of data there are sub indicators that
received the lowest rankings they are a followed the lowest sub-
indicator is the “Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team are handling
apprehended adult violators by bringing them to the Barangay
Hall” reflected in sub-indicator 6 has an average weighted mean
of 1.68 with a descriptive interpretation of “not efficient”.
This is not efficient because curfew is mostly for minors thus
they observe that it’s very minimal for the authorities to
apprehended adult violators. On an interview conducted last

67
October 20, 2015 to Mrs. Aloha Noche added that the authorities
are not apprehending

68
violators who are adult because they are friends with the
Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team.
Sub-indicator 8 or “Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team are
informing proper Barangay authority if apprehended violators are
not a resident of the said Barangay” is the second lowest with a
total mean of 1.72 with a descriptive interpretation of “Not
Efficient”. It implies that the barangay authorities are not that
strict in communicating from other barangay when apprehended is
not a resident of the said barangay. It’s the duty of the
authorities of the barangay to inform the proper authorities
about the apprehended violators it is necessary to the proper
barangay authority to be informed. On an interview with Ms. Glory
Natividad last October 20, 2015 she said that her nephew was
caught by the Barangay Peace Keeping Team but her nephew lives on
the other Barangay the Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team didn’t
contacted the authority from the other barangay that they have
caught a resident of their barangay they just contacted the
parents of the offender.
Action Team are handling apprehended minor violators by bringing
them to the Barangay Hall & informing their relatives” attached
in sub-indicator 5 with the total mean of 1.93 with a descriptive
interpretation of “Slightly Efficient”. It show that they are
slightly efficient in bring the minor violators to the Barangay

69
hall and informing their relatives sometimes the reason why is
because of there are times the child itself is not giving the
right information about him. Mr. Marco Exconde was interviewed
last October 20 2015 and he mentioned that informing parents or
guardian is the first thing to do by the Barangay Peace Keeping
Action Team once a child is apprehended because this is a minor
and the parents or guardian are responsible but sometimes this is
not being strictly observed. The Barangay Peace Keeping Team do
not inform the parents or guardian.
C. Conducting Patrol
Table 4 emphasizes Level of Effectiveness of Barangay Peace
Keeping Action Team in the implementation of curfew hours in
terms of conducting patrol. Based on the computed weighted mean
in conducting patrol the authorities are “slightly efficient”
with an overall mean of 1.97. It may be seen that the overall
mean is low, Because of some problems encountered during
conducting patrol. The respondents added that they observed that
the authorities are efficient in patrolling day and night,
however they are always lack of equipment’s. There are times that
there conducting patrol but they are not monitoring happenings
along the vicinity and when there is a special events they are
not properly conducting patrol this is from the interview last
October 2015.
70
Table 4 Level of Effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping Action
Pook VI-C San Pablo City, Laguna in terms of conducting patrol.
Sub- Indicators Mean Descriptive Rank

Interpretation
conducting patrol at night time between
10pm – 4am.
also conducting patrol at daytime.
conducting patrol at the rail road at efficient
night time between 10pm – 4am.
observing and monitoring public gathering
such as Fiesta, Flores de Mayo, Medical
Missions and Political Meetings.
checking suspicious vehicles park along
the road in the course of their patrol.
conducting patrol in the proper attire efficient
such as Barangay T-shirt, Pants, vests
with barangay logo, Cap and Wooden
Truncheon.
conducting Patrol at school vicinity efficient
between 10:00 pm to 4:00 am.
conducting patrol along the playground. efficient
Overall 1.97 Slightly
efficient
Result showed that sub-indicator 1 or “Barangay Peace
Keeping Action Team are conducting patrol at night time between
10pm – 4am” average weighted mean of 2.72 with a descriptive
interpretation of “efficient”. It implies that Barangay Peace
Keeping Team are conducting patrol during night time but they are
not conducting patrol during holidays and Sundays. Mrs. Lovely

70
Bacod mentioned have been interviewed last October 20 2015 and
she
71
said that she always see the Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team
conducting patrol at night time in the barangay especially in the
playground but it’s from time to time basis. She said at every 3
hours the Barangay Peace Keeping Team conduct patrol.
The second highest sub-indicator is “Barangay Peace Keeping
Action Team are also conducting patrol at daytime” under the sub-
indicator 2 with the total mean of 2.60 with a descriptive
interpretation of “Efficient”. This shows that it is frequently
observed because Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team are giving
help in the citizens of the barangay in daytime but they are not
imposing curfew during daytime. Mr. Jay Dela Cruz a resident
asserted that the Barangay Peace Keeping Team is efficient in
morning because they are giving help to person in need of help
this is from the interview made last October 20 2015.
The third highest obtained by sub-indicator 3 which stated
that “Barangay Peace KeepingAction Team are conducting patrol at
the rail road at night time between 10pm – 4am” with the total
mean of 1.95 with a descriptive interpretation of “Slightly
Efficient”. It implies that the Barangay Peace Keeping Action
Team are not focusing in conducting patrol in the railroads. In
an interview conducted last October 20, 2015 to Ms. Adelina
Mondigo a resident who lives alongside the railroad she said that
the Barangay Peace Keeping Team are not always conducting patrol
71
on the railroad she asked one of the Barangay Peace Keeping Team
why
72
they are not always conducting patrol on the railroad he
responded that in is dangerous to conduct patrol on the railroad.
In the mean time Table 4 additionally demonstrates three
sub-indicator with the lowest mean the sub-indicator that got the
lowest rank. The lowest sub indicators in rank is “Barangay Peace
Keeping Action Team are checking suspicious vehicles park along
the road in the course of their patrol” which is stated at
indicator 5 with a weighted mean of 1.48 with the descriptive
interpretation of “not efficient”. It implies that the law
enforcer is not well monitoring the suspicious vehicle in the
course of their patrol that they are disregarding vehicles during
patrol. Mrs. Alice Santos a vendor added have been interviewed
last October 20, 2015 and she said that the barangay officials
are not checking suspicious vehicles park along the road in the
course of their patrol. They are just letting them to park in the
dark places of the park.
The second lowest sub-indicator is “Barangay Peace Keeping
Action Team are observing and monitoring public gathering such as
Fiesta, Flores de Mayo, Medical Missions and Political Meetings”
attached in sub-indicator 4 with the total mean of 1.50 with a
descriptive interpretation of ”Not Efficient”. It shows that the
Barangay Peace Keeping Team are not efficient in observing and
monitoring public gathering are not that much aware public
gatherings they are not frequently monitoring public gatherings

73
they are not that much aware public gatherings they are not
frequently monitoring public gatherings. According to Mr. Jun Jun
Banzuela who was interviewed last October 20, 2015 when there is
a public gathering like fiesta the Barangay Peace Keeping Action
Team are nowhere to be found. They are not conducting patrol
during those events.
Action Team are conducting patrol along the playground” with the
total mean of 1.77 with a descriptive interpretation of “Slightly
Efficient” attached in sub-indicator 8. It shows that they are
slightly efficient in conducting patrol on the playground at
night time. According to the interview of Mr. Richard Diacos he
stated that the Barangay Peace Keeping Team are not always
conducting patrol along the playground at night time.
Part III. Significant Difference On The Level of Effectiveness of
Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team in the implementation of
curfew hours in Barangay Bagoong Pook VI-C San Pablo City, Laguna
in terms of a) Enforcement Of The Ordinance b)Apprehension Of
Violators and c)Conducting Patrol. Test of significant difference
on the Level of Effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping Action
Pook VI-C San Pablo City, Laguna. Table 5 shows the relationship
of the main indicators of this study namely; enforcement of the

73
ordinance, apprehension of violators and conducting patrol. The
relationship
74
between these three indicators was tested the P-value at 0.00.
This reject null hypothesis whereas α having a value of 0.05 is
more than the P-value of 0.00. This reveals that the difference
between the three indicators has a significant difference. There
is a significant relationship the three indicators. Because of
the difference on how the authorities handle or manage in
enforcing this curfew.
Table 5 Significant Difference on the Level of effectiveness
of Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team on Implementation of Curfew
Hours in Barangay Bagoong Pook VI-C San Pablo City, Laguna
ANOVA
Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 237.63 23 10.33 14.50 0.00 1.54
Within Groups 1009.23 1416 0.71
Total 1246.86 1439
In enforcing the ordinance they are slight efficient. In
conducting patrol there are slight efficient. While the
apprehension of violators there is a significant difference on
their level of efficiency. In there are not so efficient. Because
sometimes there forget about their duty when apprehending
violators. Like in handling apprehended minor violators by
bringing them to the Barangay Hall & informing their relatives

74
the curfew sometimes there must be a punishment that is open to
the
75
public eye. Some respondents added that based on their
observation the ordinance is not strictly implemented. It must be
implemented strictly for the safety of their fellow residents.
In the collection of the data the findings are in the age of
the respondents the majority is belong to young in terms of
gender the majority is male with 58%. In their years of residency
the majority is from 18-30 years of living in the barangay. In
the enforcement of the ordinance it is slightly efficient in the
enforcement of the ordinance it is observed that it is not
strictly observed it based on the assessment and interview than
to the respondents. Apprehension of violators is slightly
efficient in apprehending violators there is a lack of
coordination between the police and barangay official. Because it
is observed by the respondents that there are no police officers
joining the barangay officials in conducting patrol the part. In
conducting patrol is observed to be slightly efficient

Chapter 4
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
This chapter presents the summary and recommendations from
the data gathered in this study. In general, this study the Level
of Effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team in the
Pablo City, Laguna
Conclusions
Based from the findings of the study, the conclusions are as
follows:
1. The Level of Effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping Action
Pook VI-C San Pablo City, Laguna as to the enforcement of the
ordinance is “slightly efficient” because the authorities are not
strict in the implementation of the ordinance in the barangay and
the community has little knowledge about the said ordinance. The
Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team are implementing the curfew
hours in the barangay however there are assessed by the
respondents to be slightly efficient in implementing it.
2. As to the apprehension of violators the Barangay Peace Keeping
Action Team are “slightly efficient” because they sometimes they
don’t apprehend adult violator, they are not informing the family
or relatives of the apprehended youth violators they are not

strict on imposing fine and penalties. In implementing curfew
hours upon
Conclusion and Recommendation
77
the apprehension of violators they are assessed by the
respondents not inflicting harm upon the apprehended violators.
The Barangay Peace Keeping Team are giving fair treatment and
judgments to apprehended violators.
3. In conducting patrol the Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team
have receive an interpretation of “slight efficient” they are
slightly efficient because of some problems encountered during
conducting patrol they lack of equipment in patrolling sometimes
they are conducting patrol but they are not monitoring along the
vicinity and when there is a special event. There are observed
that they conduct patrol from daytime until night time. In
despite of lacks of man power and equipment they are performing
their job in the best of their ability.
4. There is a significant different relationship between the mean
score of the respondents in the sub indicator questions when it
comes in the enforcement of ordinance, apprehension of violators
and conducting patrol. There is a significant difference between
the three indicators. As observe in the indicators all of them
received an overall descriptive interpretation of “slightly
efficient” there average weighted mean are nearly from on over
the other. We can say that there is a significant difference on
the indicators because of the result in its sub indicator because
both the sub indicators of indicators apprehension of violators

77
and conducting patrol has the same numbers of “slightly
efficient”,
78
“efficient” and “not efficient” because they are almost related
in terms of implementation of the ordinance. But when it comes to
the indicator enforcement of the ordinance there is a difference
its sub indicator received a different numbers of “slightly
efficient”, “efficient” and “not efficient” because it the
authorities are not enforcing the ordinance well.
Recommendations
In the view of the findings and conclusions drawn from the
study, the researchers recommend the following: In the
enforcement of the ordinance the barangay officials must inform
the public about this ordinance. The barangay officials itself
might conduct seminars, coordinating programs, projects and other
activities that will give the public knowledge about this
ordinance.
1. In the apprehension of violators the barangay official and
Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team should conduct yearly seminars
on curfew hours and how it can prevent crime in the
community .They should also distribute more leaflets or posters
regarding the curfew hours for the community to be aware of the
ordinance imposed by the authority.
2. In apprehension of violators, Barangay Peace Keeping Action
Team must inform the parents or guardian of the apprehended youth
violator so that they can go to the barangay hall to pick up
their son or daughter who violate the curfew hours.

79
3. In conducting patrol, Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team must
check all possible areas where that crime might possibly occur
including the suspicious vehicles and monitoring public
gatherings must be check at all cost. In conducting patrol
Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team must also coordinate in the
police force and request for police officers to help them in
conducting patrol in crime prone areas.
4. The Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team must inform proper
barangay authority if they apprehend violators that are not a
resident of the said barangay they must coordinate with other
barangay to ensure the safety of the resident and of the
offender.
5. There must be a barangay official and Barangay Peace Keeping
Action Team must also apprehend violators regarding of his age if
they violate the curfew hours.
A Proposed action plan for the enhancement of the Level of
Effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team in the
Pablo City, Laguna.
I. Rationale of the plan
Curfew hour is a crime prevention tool used to prohibit children
or group of person to be outside in a regulated time. Curfew at
the local aspect in San Pablo City, Laguna the curfew is
implemented as per city ordinance no.56 series of 1981. Under

79
this ordinance no one is allowed to go outdoors after 10:00pm to
4:00
80
am daily whoever violates this ordinance will be penalized by a
fine not less than 50 pesos but not more than 200 pesos or
imprisonment of not more than 5 days at the discretion of court.
II. Vision of the plan
To enhance the Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team in their
implementation of curfew hours for them to be more efficient in
implementing this ordinance.
III. General Objective of the Plan
The plan is promulgated to prescribe the guidelines for the
conduct of activities of Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team for
them to be more responsible and to be more efficient in
implementing the curfew ordinance. To ensure the preservation of
peace and order and preservation of lives and property.
IV. Situation analysis
Assessment shows the lacking of the Barangay Peace Keeping
Action Team in the implementation of curfew hours.
Further, the lack of equipment of the Barangay Peace Keeping
Action Team in conducting patrol they are not wearing proper
uniforms sometimes and they do not have equipment that may be
useful for them during night time and as a protection to their
selves.
The insufficiency of man power became a problem in their
enforcement of curfew only the Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team

81
is the one enforcing it there are no police officers helping them
in conducting patrol.
The lack of communication between the law enforcer and
Barangay Peace Keeping Team. They do not have coordination with
each other.
V. Responsibility and Implementation
Further to be plan to be enforce some agency are would be in
charge. A) The peace and order chairman at the barangay level for
the request for them to have a proper equipment, B) Barangay
Peace Keeping Team to conduct some seminars and project for them
to public to have enough information about curfew and also for
the both of them to have a communication and coordination in each
other, C) chairman and chief of Barangay Peace Keeping Team for
them to distribute each personnel in a designated places,
VI. Summary of the proposed action plan
The proposed action plan is composed of area of concern,
objectives of the plan, the agency or personnel in charge to the
plan for it to be implemented, the implementation on how it will
be implemented, the possible outcome of the plan and the time
frame where the plan need to be done.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
A. Published Materials
Books
Adams, K. (2003). The Effectiveness of Juvenile Curfews at Crime
Prevention.The ANNALS ofthe American Academy of Political
and Social Science, 587(1), 136-159.
Akers, R.L., & Sellers C.S. (2009).Criminological Theories:
Introduction, Evaluation, andApplication. 5th edition. New
York: Oxford University Press.
Becker, H. (2006). Outsiders: Studies in the Sociology of
Deviance. New York, NY: The Free Press.
Bennett, K., &Hemmens, G. (2004).Juvenile Curfews and the Courts:
Judicial Response to a Not-So-New Crime Control
Strategy. Crime and Delinquency, 45(1), 99-121.
Champion, D J. (2004). The Juvenile Justice System: Delinquency,
Processing and the Law. NewYork: Macmillan Publishing
Company.
Heilbrum, K., Sevin-Goldstein, N. E., & Redding, R.E. (2005)
Juvenile Delinquency: revention, Assessment, and
Intervention. New York: Oxford University Press.
Journals
Norton, D. (2007).Why Criminalize Children?Looking Beyond the
Express Policies Drivin Juvenile Curfew

Bibliography
83
Legislation. Legislation and Public Policy, 4(1), 175-
203.publishing.
Cole, D. (2004).The Effect of Curfew Law on Juvenile Crime in
Washington, D. C. AmericanJournal of Criminal Justice, 27,
217-232.
Freitas, S.L. (2006) After Midnight: The Constitutional Status of
Juvenile Ordinances in California. Hastings Constitutional
Law Quarterly, 24, 219-246
Sutphen, R., & Ford, J. (2008).The Effectiveness and Enforcement
of a Teen Curfew Law.
Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 28(1), 55-78.
Lemert,E J. (2006). Prevention and Control of Juvenile
Delinquency. 2ndedition. New York Oxford.
Ward, R. M. (2013). Comment: Constitutional Law -Police Power –
Municipal Ordinance –
Philadelphia Curfew Law. Villanova Law Review, 1, 51-63
News and Magazines
Mosqueda, M Manila Bulletin April 18, 2015
Franche-Borja, F Manila Bulletin June 22, 2013
Lamentillo, A Manila Bulletin June 18, 2012
Imam, C Manila Bulletin June 6, 2014
Mateo, J The Philippine Star August 6, 2014

Bibliography
84
Mijares, R Panay Newspaper July 11, 2014
Pendon, C The Daily Guardian June 20,2006
Araneta, S Philippine Daily Inquirer February 1, 2012
Botial, J The Philippine Star October 8, 2005
Badian, Ma. C Mindanao Times April 25, 2015
Escudero, M Philippine Star September 6, 2006
B. Electronic devices
Males M. (2013).Curfew as crime control.Retrieved from
http://www.studymode.com/effects-of-curfew.
DelavegaD. (2014).youth crime as a growing problem.
Retrieved from http://www.curfewclass.com
Welsh J. (2014). Juvenile crime rates. Retrievedfrom
http://www.gettysburgtimes.com/
Herbert T. (2014). Analysis of curfew.Retrieved from
http://www.curfewclass.com/analysis_of_curfew_laws.html
Noel C. (2012). Curfew to be enforced.Retrieved from
http://www.wacotrib.com/opinion/editorials.html
Franklin T. (2014).Curfew as a crime prevention tool.
Retrieved from http://westerncriminology .org

Appendix A

October 14, 2015
Hon. ERNESTO C. CARREON

Barangay Chairman, Brgy. Bagong Pook VI-C
San Pablo City, Laguna
Greetings!
The undersigned 4th year BS Criminology student of Laguna State
Polytechnic University-San Pablo City Campus is currently
conducting a research entitled “EFFECTIVENESS OF BARANGAY PEACE
KEEPING ACTION TEAMTEAM ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CURFEW HOURS IN
BARANGAY BAGONG POOK VI-C SAN PABLO CITY, LAGUNA”, in partial
fulfillment on the subject Criminological Research.
In this regard, the researcher wishes to ask permission from your
good office,to conduct a survey thru a checklist type
questionnaire to the purposively selected residents from your
barangay who will serve as respondents of the said study.
The researcher is looking forward for your positive response over
this matter. Thank you!
Respectfully yours,
CARY KIM A. ALCANTARA

Researcher
Approved by:
Crmgst. JENNIFER M. NAYOYOS

Adviser
Noted by:
Crmgst. MARLON M. WANKEY, MSCJ

Associate Dean, CCJE
Appendix B

October 14, 2015

Dear Respondents:
Greetings!
The undersigned 4th year BS Criminology student of Laguna State

Polytechnic University-San Pablo City Campus is currently
conducting a research entitled “EFFECTIVENESS OF BARANGAY PEACE
KEEPING ACTION TEAM ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CURFEW HOURS IN
BARANGAY BAGONG POOK VI-C SAN PABLO CITY, LAGUNA”, in partial
fulfillment on the subject Criminological Research.
In this regard, the researcher choses you to be one of the

respondents that would be of great help in the success of the
study. The datas gathered will be treated with outmost
confidentiality.
I am Hoping for your positive response over this matter. Thank

you!
Respectfully yours,
CARY KIM A. ALCANTARA

Researcher
Approved by:
Crmgst. JENNIFER M. NAYOYOS

Adviser
Noted by:
Crmgst. MARLON M. WANKEY, MSCJ

Associate Dean, CCJE
Appendix C
CHECKLIST/QUESTIONNAIRE
This is an assessment on the “LEVEL OFEFFECTIVENESS OF
BARANGAY PEACE KEEPING ACTION TEAM ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF
CURFEW HOURS IN BARANGAY BAGONG POOK VI-C SAN PABLO CITY,
LAGUNA”.
I. Profile of respondent
Direction: please fill in the necessary information or put a
check mark (√) on the option provided that gives your personal
information.
Name: (Optional)
Age:
Gender: ( ) Male ( ) Female
Number of years of residency in Barangay VI-C
( ) 1 - 15
( ) 16 – 30
( ) above 31 but below 50
Direction:
II. Effectiveness level of Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team
in the implementation of curfew hours in Barangay VI-C
San Pablo City Laguna
Direction:
Please read each item carefully and put a check mark (√) in
the appropriate column that corresponds to your answer using the
scale below. Please do not leave any single item unanswered
(Unless it is not appropriate to you). Thank you so much to your
honesty and patience in answering the item below.
Scale Statistical Limit Descriptive interpretation

4 3.26 - 4.00 Very efficient (VE)
3 2.51 – 3.25 Efficient (E)
2 1.76 – 2.50 Slightly efficient (SE)
1 1.00 – 1.75 Not efficient (NE)
Appendix
88
Indicators (VE) (E) (SE) (NE)

4 3 2 1
A. Enforcement of Ordinance
1. The Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team
monitors any person especially 18 years
of age who walks, stay or loiter on the
streets, public plaza, grounds and other
public places in San Pablo City from
10:00 pm – 4:00 am daily.
2. The Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team
monitors those enroute to or form one’s
place of employment or trade where night
work are allowed by requiring them to
secure & bring certification issued by
their respective manager/s.
3. Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team
monitors those who by nature of work are
required to stay out after 10:00 pm, by
requiring them secure the necessary
curfew pass from the Barangay Chairman.
monitors those being taken to the
hospital as a result of sickness and/or
emergency by obliging them, after
treatment to furnish the Barangay
Chairman the copies of medical
certificate in case their trip to the
hospital was made during the prohibited
hours.
5. Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team are
handling violators effectively.
monitoring crime prone areas by
conducting patrol.
informing the public about the
ordinance.
implement curfew hours as neutral or
without bias to the offender.
B. Apprehension of Violators (VE) (E) (SE) (NE)
4 3 2 1
implement fines and penalties by giving
them curfew ticket.
giving fair judgement to violators by
asking them why they are still outside.
settling dispute committed during curfew
hours by mediation of both parties.
Appendix
89
4. Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team is

giving warnings about the regulated time
given of the ordinance.
handling apprehended minor violators by
bringing them to the Barangay Hall &
informing their relatives
handling apprehended adult violators by
bringing them to the Barangay Hall.
apprehending violators without harm or
violence inflicted.
informing proper Barangay authority if
apprehended violators are not a resident
of the said Barangay.
C. Conducting Patrol (VE) (E) (SE) (NE)
4 3 2 1
conducting patrol at night time between
10pm – 4am.
also conducting patrol at daytime.
conducting patrol at the rail road at
night time between 10pm – 4am.
observing and monitoring public
gathering such as Fiesta, Flores de
Mayo, Medical Missions and Political
Meetings.
checking suspicious vehicles park along
the road in the course of their patrol.
conducting patrol in the proper attire
such as Barangay T-shirt, Pants, vests
with barangay logo, Cap and Wooden
Truncheon.
conducting Patrol at school vicinity
between 10:00 pm to 4:00 am.
conducting patrol along the playground.
Appendix D
Total distribution of respondents as to indicators
Respondent Ag Gende Number Enforcemen Apprehensio Conductin Tota

s e r of years t of the n of g patrol l
of ordinance violators
residenc
y
R1 18 1 18 11 20 18 49
R2 31 2 29 16 12 16 44
R3 41 1 29 15 14 14 43
R4 33 2 33 15 22 20 57
R5 18 1 18 17 19 16 52
R6 38 1 30 19 23 17 59
R7 30 2 30 16 23 24 63
R8 31 1 30 15 18 10 43
R9 46 2 46 17 26 12 55
R10 24 1 13 17 13 16 46
R11 48 1 48 15 20 12 47
R12 50 2 50 19 21 16 56
R13 27 2 14 16 20 12 48
R14 45 2 45 17 12 24 53
R15 49 1 49 18 11 16 45
R16 39 2 30 17 11 16 44
R17 48 2 48 17 14 14 45
R18 18 1 18 16 22 13 51
Appendix
89
R19 41 1 30 17 13 16 46
Appendix
91
R20 40 1 30 16 20 20 56
R21 29 2 29 15 17 12 44
R22 50 1 50 17 15 8 40
R23 36 1 30 15 22 8 45
R24 47 2 30 15 14 16 45
R25 18 2 18 17 24 10 51
R26 48 1 48 21 21 18 60
R27 19 1 15 14 22 8 44
R28 35 2 30 15 23 16 54
R29 48 1 48 17 19 10 46
R30 19 1 15 16 27 18 61
R31 35 1 29 15 28 16 59
R32 43 2 43 12 25 8 45
R33 20 2 13 17 14 16 47
R34 33 1 27 15 25 18 58
R35 19 2 19 16 18 20 54
R36 31 1 26 16 21 20 57
R37 22 2 5 13 20 14 47
R38 36 1 25 18 16 20 54
R39 24 2 10 20 16 20 56
R40 49 2 49 16 13 12 41
R41 43 2 43 12 17 10 39
Appendix
92
R42 28 1 38 14 13 13 40
R43 47 1 47 20 19 16 55
R44 30 2 30 16 14 16 46
R45 31 2 23 16 19 10 45
R46 42 1 30 15 19 10 44
R47 26 2 10 17 17 15 49
R48 18 2 18 11 15 10 36
R49 30 1 30 20 11 10 41
R50 35 2 35 14 17 12 43
R51 18 1 18 15 15 16 46
R52 33 1 30 14 12 17 43
R53 25 2 25 20 15 26 61
R54 36 1 28 18 15 18 51
R55 28 2 28 17 17 23 57
R56 19 2 15 15 11 22 48
R57 47 1 30 16 13 24 53
R58 18 2 1 17 12 23 52
R59 37 1 25 20 13 22 55
R60 20 2 20 17 10 25 52
Legend
Gender: 1= Male 2= Female

Appendix
93
ALCANTARA, CARY KIM
Anova: Single
Factor
SUMMARY
Groups Count Su Avera Varian
m ge ce
Column 1 60 143 2.38 0.92
Column 2 60 129 2.15 0.67
Column 3 60 113 1.88 0.48
Column 4 60 115 1.92 0.93
Column 5 60 133 2.22 0.65
Column 6 60 88 1.47 0.39
Column 7 60 92 1.53 0.56
Column 8 60 157 2.62 0.68
Column 9 60 142 2.37 1.22
Column 60 154 2.57 0.66
10
Column 60 133 2.22 0.88
11
Column 60 127 2.12 0.92
12
Column 60 116 1.93 0.84
13
Column 60 101 1.68 0.56
14
Column 60 172 2.87 0.69
15
Appendix
94
Column 60 103 1.72 0.71

16
Column 60 163 2.72 0.88
17
Column 60 156 2.60 0.68
18
Column 60 117 1.95 0.93
19
Column 60 90 1.50 0.32
20
Column 60 89 1.48 0.32
21
Column 60 111 1.85 0.84
22
Column 60 116 1.93 0.81
23
Column 60 106 1.77 0.55
24
ANOVA
Source SS df MS F P- F
of val cri
Variatio ue t
n
Between 237.6 23 10.33 14.50 0.0 1.5
Groups 3 0 4
Within 1009. 141 0.71
Groups 23 6
Total 1246. 143

86 9
Appendix
94
Curriculum Vitae
95
CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL DETAILS/INFORMATION
Name: Cary Kim A. Alcantara
Date of Birth: September 22, 1990
Place of Birth: San Pablo City, Laguna
Address: 45 Holy Rosary Street Barangay Bagong Pook VI-C San Pablo City, Laguna
Permanent Address 45 Holy Rosary Street Barangay Bagong Pook VI-C San Pablo City,
Laguna
Height: 173 cm
Weight: 75 kg
Civil Status: Single
Citizenship: Filipino
Religion: Roman Catholic
Name of Father: Dick A. Alcantara
Occupation: Auto mechanic
Name of Mother: Dolores A. Alcantara
Occupation: Housewife
Educational Attainment
Tertiary: BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY
2012-in progress
Laguna State Polytechnic University – San Pablo City Campus
Brgy. Del Remedio, San Pablo City, Laguna
Secondary: (2003-2007)
(LIceo De San Pablo)
(San Pablo City)
Primary: (1998-2003)
(San Pablo Central School)
(San Pablo City)
TRAININGS/SEMINARS ATTENDED
I hereby certify that the above information are true and correct to the best of my
knowledge.
Cary Kim A. Alcantara

60
58
The Problem
41

Full Thesis 2

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Full Thesis 2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

LEVEL OF EFFECTIVENESS OF BARANGAY PEACE KEEPING ACTION TEAM ON

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CURFEW HOURS IN BARANGAY BAGONGPOOK

VI-C SAN PABLO CITY, LAGUNA

Presented to the Faculty of the

College of Criminal Justice Education

Laguna State Polytechnic University

San Pablo City Campus

Of the Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Science in Criminology

CARY KIM ALMARIO ALCANTARA

LAGUNA STATE POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION

Approved and accepted by the committee on oral examination

Ms. VANNEFAYE NATANAWAN Mr. MARLON M. WANKEY,MSCJ

Ms. RICHIE ROSAS S. VELASQUEZ Mr. Dan Brinias

MARLON M. WANKEY, MSCJ

December 2015 MARLON M. WANKEY, MSCJ

ELISA N. CHUA, Ph. D.

The study is design to determine the Level of Effectiveness of

Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team on the implementation of

The study looked into the demographic profile of the respondents

in terms of a) Age, b) Gender, c) number of years of residency;

d) the level of effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping Action

Team on the implementation of curfew hours in Barangay Bagong

Pook VI-C San Pablo City, Laguna in terms of; A) enforcement of

the ordinance, B) apprehension of violators and C) conducting

patrol. Is there a significant difference on the level of

effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team on the

implementation of curfew hours in Barangay Bagong Pook VI-C San

Pablo City, Laguna relative to enforcement of the ordinance,

apprehension of violators and conducting patrol. Based on the

result, Majority of the respondents in terms of age distribution

belongs to the young which is from 18-30 years of age. Equal

number of male and female respondents were chosen. With regards

to the number years of residency most of them is 18-30 years

resident of the said barangay. In the Level of Effectiveness of

Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team on the implementation of

A) Enforcement of the ordinance revealed an overall weighted mean

of 2.02 with a descriptive interpretation of

“slightly efficient”. B) Apprehension of violators revealed an

overall weighted mean of 2.18 with descriptive interpretation of

“slightly efficient”. C) Conducting patrol revealed an overall

weighted mean of 1.97 with a descriptive rating of “slightly

efficient”. D) Significant difference on the Level of

Effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team on the

implementation of curfew hours in Barangay Bagong Pook VI-C San

Pablo City, Laguna. Using ANOVA, the relationship between these

hypothesis whereas α having a value of 0.05 is more than the P-

value of 0.00. There is a significant relationship the three

indicators. Because of the difference on how the authorities

handle or manage in enforcing this curfew. From the salient

findings of the study the conclusions are as follows; A) The

Level of Effectiveness of Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team in

the implementation of curfew hours in Barangay Bagoong Pook VI-C

San Pablo City, Laguna as to the enforcement of the ordinance is

“slightly efficient” because the authorities are not strict in

the implementation of the ordinance in the barangay and the

community has little knowledge about the said ordinance. B) As to

the apprehension of violators the Barangay Peace Keeping Action

family or relatives of the apprehended youth violators and they

are not strict on imposing fine and penalties. C) In conducting

Barangay Peace Keeping Action Team have receive an interpretation

of “slight efficient” they are slightly efficient because of some

problems encountered during conducting patrol they lack of